|
|
char = C;code = 67
char = a;code = 97
char = f;code = 102
char = f;code = 102
char = e;code = 101
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = s;code = 115
char = p;code = 112
char = o;code = 111
char = n;code = 110
char = s;code = 115
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
char = p;code = 112
char = y;code = 121
char = r;code = 114
char = a;code = 97
char = m;code = 109
char = i;code = 105
char = d;code = 100
char = a;code = 97
char = l;code = 108
char = ;code = 32
char = n;code = 110
char = e;code = 101
char = u;code = 117
char = r;code = 114
char = o;code = 111
char = n;code = 110
char = s;code = 115
char = ;code = 32
char = f;code = 102
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = s;code = 115
char = h;code = 104
char = l;code = 108
char = y;code = 121
char = ;code = 32
char = d;code = 100
char = i;code = 105
char = s;code = 115
char = s;code = 115
char = o;code = 111
char = c;code = 99
char = i;code = 105
char = a;code = 97
char = t;code = 116
char = e;code = 101
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = f;code = 102
char = r;code = 114
char = o;code = 111
char = m;code = 109
char = ;code = 32
char = r;code = 114
char = a;code = 97
char = t;code = 116
char = ;code = 32
char = h;code = 104
char = i;code = 105
char = p;code = 112
char = p;code = 112
char = o;code = 111
char = c;code = 99
char = a;code = 97
char = m;code = 109
char = p;code = 112
char = u;code = 117
char = s;code = 115
char = .;code = 46
result sql = Caffeine response in pyramidal neurons freshly dissociated from rat hippocampus.
Caffeine response in pyramidal neurons freshly dissociated from rat hippocampus.char = T;code = 84
char = h;code = 104
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = e;code = 101
char = f;code = 102
char = f;code = 102
char = e;code = 101
char = c;code = 99
char = t;code = 116
char = ;code = 32
char = o;code = 111
char = f;code = 102
char = ;code = 32
char = c;code = 99
char = a;code = 97
char = f;code = 102
char = f;code = 102
char = e;code = 101
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = o;code = 111
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = C;code = 67
char = A;code = 65
char = 1;code = 49
char = ;code = 32
char = p;code = 112
char = y;code = 121
char = r;code = 114
char = a;code = 97
char = m;code = 109
char = i;code = 105
char = d;code = 100
char = a;code = 97
char = l;code = 108
char = ;code = 32
char = n;code = 110
char = e;code = 101
char = u;code = 117
char = r;code = 114
char = o;code = 111
char = n;code = 110
char = s;code = 115
char = ;code = 32
char = f;code = 102
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = s;code = 115
char = h;code = 104
char = l;code = 108
char = y;code = 121
char = ;code = 32
char = d;code = 100
char = i;code = 105
char = s;code = 115
char = s;code = 115
char = o;code = 111
char = c;code = 99
char = i;code = 105
char = a;code = 97
char = t;code = 116
char = e;code = 101
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = f;code = 102
char = r;code = 114
char = o;code = 111
char = m;code = 109
char = ;code = 32
char = r;code = 114
char = a;code = 97
char = t;code = 116
char = ;code = 32
char = h;code = 104
char = i;code = 105
char = p;code = 112
char = p;code = 112
char = o;code = 111
char = c;code = 99
char = a;code = 97
char = m;code = 109
char = p;code = 112
char = u;code = 117
char = s;code = 115
char = ;code = 32
char = w;code = 119
char = a;code = 97
char = s;code = 115
char = ;code = 32
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = v;code = 118
char = e;code = 101
char = s;code = 115
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = g;code = 103
char = a;code = 97
char = t;code = 116
char = e;code = 101
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = w;code = 119
char = i;code = 105
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = ;code = 32
char = n;code = 110
char = y;code = 121
char = s;code = 115
char = t;code = 116
char = a;code = 97
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = -;code = 45
char = p;code = 112
char = e;code = 101
char = r;code = 114
char = f;code = 102
char = o;code = 111
char = r;code = 114
char = a;code = 97
char = t;code = 116
char = e;code = 101
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = p;code = 112
char = a;code = 97
char = t;code = 116
char = c;code = 99
char = h;code = 104
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = e;code = 101
char = c;code = 99
char = h;code = 104
char = n;code = 110
char = i;code = 105
char = q;code = 113
char = u;code = 117
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = u;code = 117
char = n;code = 110
char = d;code = 100
char = e;code = 101
char = r;code = 114
char = ;code = 32
char = v;code = 118
char = o;code = 111
char = l;code = 108
char = t;code = 116
char = a;code = 97
char = g;code = 103
char = e;code = 101
char = -;code = 45
char = c;code = 99
char = l;code = 108
char = a;code = 97
char = m;code = 109
char = p;code = 112
char = ;code = 32
char = c;code = 99
char = o;code = 111
char = n;code = 110
char = d;code = 100
char = i;code = 105
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = o;code = 111
char = n;code = 110
char = .;code = 46
char = ;code = 32
char = C;code = 67
char = a;code = 97
char = f;code = 102
char = f;code = 102
char = e;code = 101
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = e;code = 101
char = v;code = 118
char = o;code = 111
char = k;code = 107
char = e;code = 101
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = r;code = 114
char = a;code = 97
char = n;code = 110
char = s;code = 115
char = i;code = 105
char = e;code = 101
char = n;code = 110
char = t;code = 116
char = ;code = 32
char = o;code = 111
char = u;code = 117
char = t;code = 116
char = w;code = 119
char = a;code = 97
char = r;code = 114
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = c;code = 99
char = u;code = 117
char = r;code = 114
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = n;code = 110
char = t;code = 116
char = ;code = 32
char = (;code = 40
char = I;code = 73
char = c;code = 99
char = a;code = 97
char = f;code = 102
char = f;code = 102
char = e;code = 101
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = e;code = 101
char = );code = 41
char = ;code = 32
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = ;code = 32
char = c;code = 99
char = o;code = 111
char = n;code = 110
char = c;code = 99
char = e;code = 101
char = n;code = 110
char = t;code = 116
char = r;code = 114
char = a;code = 97
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = o;code = 111
char = n;code = 110
char = -;code = 45
char = d;code = 100
char = e;code = 101
char = p;code = 112
char = e;code = 101
char = n;code = 110
char = d;code = 100
char = e;code = 101
char = n;code = 110
char = t;code = 116
char = ;code = 32
char = m;code = 109
char = a;code = 97
char = n;code = 110
char = n;code = 110
char = e;code = 101
char = r;code = 114
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = t;code = 116
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = ;code = 32
char = h;code = 104
char = o;code = 111
char = l;code = 108
char = d;code = 100
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = g;code = 103
char = ;code = 32
char = p;code = 112
char = o;code = 111
char = t;code = 116
char = e;code = 101
char = n;code = 110
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = a;code = 97
char = l;code = 108
char = ;code = 32
char = o;code = 111
char = f;code = 102
char = ;code = 32
char = -;code = 45
char = 4;code = 52
char = 0;code = 48
char = ;code = 32
char = m;code = 109
char = V;code = 86
char = .;code = 46
char = ;code = 32
char = T;code = 84
char = h;code = 104
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = c;code = 99
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = v;code = 118
char = a;code = 97
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = o;code = 111
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = n;code = 110
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = a;code = 97
char = c;code = 99
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = v;code = 118
char = a;code = 97
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = o;code = 111
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
char = o;code = 111
char = f;code = 102
char = ;code = 32
char = I;code = 73
char = c;code = 99
char = a;code = 97
char = f;code = 102
char = f;code = 102
char = e;code = 101
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = w;code = 119
char = e;code = 101
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = c;code = 99
char = c;code = 99
char = e;code = 101
char = l;code = 108
char = e;code = 101
char = r;code = 114
char = a;code = 97
char = t;code = 116
char = e;code = 101
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = w;code = 119
char = i;code = 105
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = ;code = 32
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = c;code = 99
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = a;code = 97
char = s;code = 115
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = g;code = 103
char = ;code = 32
char = c;code = 99
char = a;code = 97
char = f;code = 102
char = f;code = 102
char = e;code = 101
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = c;code = 99
char = o;code = 111
char = n;code = 110
char = c;code = 99
char = e;code = 101
char = n;code = 110
char = t;code = 116
char = r;code = 114
char = a;code = 97
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = o;code = 111
char = n;code = 110
char = .;code = 46
char = ;code = 32
char = T;code = 84
char = h;code = 104
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = v;code = 118
char = e;code = 101
char = r;code = 114
char = s;code = 115
char = a;code = 97
char = l;code = 108
char = ;code = 32
char = p;code = 112
char = o;code = 111
char = t;code = 116
char = e;code = 101
char = n;code = 110
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = a;code = 97
char = l;code = 108
char = ;code = 32
char = f;code = 102
char = o;code = 111
char = r;code = 114
char = ;code = 32
char = I;code = 73
char = c;code = 99
char = a;code = 97
char = f;code = 102
char = f;code = 102
char = e;code = 101
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = w;code = 119
char = a;code = 97
char = s;code = 115
char = ;code = 32
char = c;code = 99
char = l;code = 108
char = o;code = 111
char = s;code = 115
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = o;code = 111
char = ;code = 32
char = K;code = 75
char = +;code = 43
char = ;code = 32
char = e;code = 101
char = q;code = 113
char = u;code = 117
char = i;code = 105
char = l;code = 108
char = i;code = 105
char = b;code = 98
char = r;code = 114
char = i;code = 105
char = u;code = 117
char = m;code = 109
char = ;code = 32
char = p;code = 112
char = o;code = 111
char = t;code = 116
char = e;code = 101
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char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = a;code = 97
char = l;code = 108
char = .;code = 46
char = ;code = 32
char = T;code = 84
char = h;code = 104
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = I;code = 73
char = c;code = 99
char = a;code = 97
char = f;code = 102
char = f;code = 102
char = e;code = 101
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = w;code = 119
char = a;code = 97
char = s;code = 115
char = ;code = 32
char = n;code = 110
char = o;code = 111
char = t;code = 116
char = ;code = 32
char = b;code = 98
char = l;code = 108
char = o;code = 111
char = c;code = 99
char = k;code = 107
char = e;code = 101
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = b;code = 98
char = y;code = 121
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = p;code = 112
char = a;code = 97
char = m;code = 109
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = n;code = 110
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = 4;code = 52
char = -;code = 45
char = a;code = 97
char = m;code = 109
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char = n;code = 110
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char = p;code = 112
char = y;code = 121
char = r;code = 114
char = i;code = 105
char = d;code = 100
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = e;code = 101
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char = b;code = 98
char = u;code = 117
char = t;code = 116
char = ;code = 32
char = s;code = 115
char = u;code = 117
char = p;code = 112
char = p;code = 112
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = s;code = 115
char = s;code = 115
char = e;code = 101
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = b;code = 98
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char = ;code = 32
char = c;code = 99
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char = a;code = 97
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char = d;code = 100
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char = o;code = 111
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char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = e;code = 101
char = t;code = 116
char = r;code = 114
char = a;code = 97
char = e;code = 101
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = y;code = 121
char = l;code = 108
char = a;code = 97
char = m;code = 109
char = m;code = 109
char = o;code = 111
char = n;code = 110
char = i;code = 105
char = u;code = 117
char = m;code = 109
char = ,;code = 44
char = ;code = 32
char = q;code = 113
char = u;code = 117
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
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char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = B;code = 66
char = a;code = 97
char = 2;code = 50
char = +;code = 43
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char = ;code = 32
char = T;code = 84
char = h;code = 104
char = u;code = 117
char = s;code = 115
char = ,;code = 44
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = e;code = 101
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char = p;code = 112
char = h;code = 104
char = a;code = 97
char = r;code = 114
char = m;code = 109
char = a;code = 97
char = c;code = 99
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char = i;code = 105
char = c;code = 99
char = a;code = 97
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char = c;code = 99
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char = r;code = 114
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char = c;code = 99
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char = e;code = 101
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char = s;code = 115
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char = i;code = 105
char = c;code = 99
char = s;code = 115
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char = o;code = 111
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char = ;code = 32
char = I;code = 73
char = c;code = 99
char = a;code = 97
char = f;code = 102
char = f;code = 102
char = e;code = 101
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = w;code = 119
char = e;code = 101
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = s;code = 115
char = i;code = 105
char = m;code = 109
char = i;code = 105
char = l;code = 108
char = a;code = 97
char = r;code = 114
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = o;code = 111
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = o;code = 111
char = s;code = 115
char = e;code = 101
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char = o;code = 111
char = f;code = 102
char = ;code = 32
char = C;code = 67
char = a;code = 97
char = (;code = 40
char = 2;code = 50
char = +;code = 43
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char = -;code = 45
char = a;code = 97
char = c;code = 99
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = v;code = 118
char = a;code = 97
char = t;code = 116
char = e;code = 101
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = K;code = 75
char = +;code = 43
char = ;code = 32
char = c;code = 99
char = u;code = 117
char = r;code = 114
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = n;code = 110
char = t;code = 116
char = ;code = 32
char = h;code = 104
char = a;code = 97
char = v;code = 118
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
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char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
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char = l;code = 108
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char = g;code = 103
char = e;code = 101
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char = c;code = 99
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char = c;code = 99
char = t;code = 116
char = a;code = 97
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char = e;code = 101
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char = (;code = 40
char = I;code = 73
char = C;code = 67
char = );code = 41
char = ,;code = 44
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char = w;code = 119
char = h;code = 104
char = i;code = 105
char = c;code = 99
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char = a;code = 97
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char = e;code = 101
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char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
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char = f;code = 102
char = a;code = 97
char = s;code = 115
char = t;code = 116
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char = a;code = 97
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char = t;code = 116
char = e;code = 101
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char = l;code = 108
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char = r;code = 114
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char = z;code = 122
char = a;code = 97
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char = i;code = 105
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char = (;code = 40
char = a;code = 97
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char = h;code = 104
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char = .;code = 46
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char = c;code = 99
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char = f;code = 102
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char = s;code = 115
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result sql = The effect of caffeine on the CA1 pyramidal neurons freshly dissociated from rat hippocampus was investigated with nystatin-perforated patch technique under voltage-clamp condition. Caffeine evoked a transient outward current (Icaffeine) in a concentration-dependent manner at a holding potential of -40 mV. The activation and inactivation of Icaffeine were accelerated with increasing caffeine concentration. The reversal potential for Icaffeine was close to K+ equilibrium potential. The Icaffeine was not blocked by apamin and 4-aminopyridine but suppressed by charybdotoxin, tetraethylammonium, quinine and Ba2+. Thus, the pharmacological characteristics of Icaffeine were similar to those of Ca(2+)-activated K+ current having a large conductance (IC), which generates a fast afterhyperpolarization (a.h.p.). Icaffeine was depressed by pretreatment with a membrane-permeant Ca2+ chelator (BAPTA-AM) and by depletion of the Ca(2+)-induced Ca2+ release (CICR) pool with ryanodine. A blocker of CICR sites, procaine, potently depressed the Icaffeine. In the absence of the extracellular Ca2+, an application of 10 mM caffeine depleted the caffeine-sensitive Ca2+ pools. Icaffeine recovered in an exponential fashion in the presence of the extracellular Ca2+. It was concluded that rat hippocampal pyramidal neurons have a caffeine-sensitive Ca2+ pool. Furthermore, the Ca2+ released from the pool evokes K+ current similar to IC current and hyperpolarizes the neurons.
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result sql = Caffeine response in pyramidal neurons freshly dissociated from rat hippocampus.
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char = a;code = 97
char = m;code = 109
char = p;code = 112
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char = d;code = 100
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char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = o;code = 111
char = n;code = 110
char = .;code = 46
char = ;code = 32
char = C;code = 67
char = a;code = 97
char = f;code = 102
char = f;code = 102
char = e;code = 101
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = e;code = 101
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char = e;code = 101
char = v;code = 118
char = o;code = 111
char = k;code = 107
char = e;code = 101
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = r;code = 114
char = a;code = 97
char = n;code = 110
char = s;code = 115
char = i;code = 105
char = e;code = 101
char = n;code = 110
char = t;code = 116
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char = o;code = 111
char = u;code = 117
char = t;code = 116
char = w;code = 119
char = a;code = 97
char = r;code = 114
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = c;code = 99
char = u;code = 117
char = r;code = 114
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = n;code = 110
char = t;code = 116
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char = (;code = 40
char = I;code = 73
char = c;code = 99
char = a;code = 97
char = f;code = 102
char = f;code = 102
char = e;code = 101
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = e;code = 101
char = );code = 41
char = ;code = 32
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = ;code = 32
char = c;code = 99
char = o;code = 111
char = n;code = 110
char = c;code = 99
char = e;code = 101
char = n;code = 110
char = t;code = 116
char = r;code = 114
char = a;code = 97
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = o;code = 111
char = n;code = 110
char = -;code = 45
char = d;code = 100
char = e;code = 101
char = p;code = 112
char = e;code = 101
char = n;code = 110
char = d;code = 100
char = e;code = 101
char = n;code = 110
char = t;code = 116
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char = m;code = 109
char = a;code = 97
char = n;code = 110
char = n;code = 110
char = e;code = 101
char = r;code = 114
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char = a;code = 97
char = t;code = 116
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = ;code = 32
char = h;code = 104
char = o;code = 111
char = l;code = 108
char = d;code = 100
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = g;code = 103
char = ;code = 32
char = p;code = 112
char = o;code = 111
char = t;code = 116
char = e;code = 101
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char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = a;code = 97
char = l;code = 108
char = ;code = 32
char = o;code = 111
char = f;code = 102
char = ;code = 32
char = -;code = 45
char = 4;code = 52
char = 0;code = 48
char = ;code = 32
char = m;code = 109
char = V;code = 86
char = .;code = 46
char = ;code = 32
char = T;code = 84
char = h;code = 104
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = c;code = 99
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = v;code = 118
char = a;code = 97
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = o;code = 111
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = n;code = 110
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = a;code = 97
char = c;code = 99
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = v;code = 118
char = a;code = 97
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = o;code = 111
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
char = o;code = 111
char = f;code = 102
char = ;code = 32
char = I;code = 73
char = c;code = 99
char = a;code = 97
char = f;code = 102
char = f;code = 102
char = e;code = 101
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = w;code = 119
char = e;code = 101
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = c;code = 99
char = c;code = 99
char = e;code = 101
char = l;code = 108
char = e;code = 101
char = r;code = 114
char = a;code = 97
char = t;code = 116
char = e;code = 101
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = w;code = 119
char = i;code = 105
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = ;code = 32
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = c;code = 99
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = a;code = 97
char = s;code = 115
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = g;code = 103
char = ;code = 32
char = c;code = 99
char = a;code = 97
char = f;code = 102
char = f;code = 102
char = e;code = 101
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = c;code = 99
char = o;code = 111
char = n;code = 110
char = c;code = 99
char = e;code = 101
char = n;code = 110
char = t;code = 116
char = r;code = 114
char = a;code = 97
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = o;code = 111
char = n;code = 110
char = .;code = 46
char = ;code = 32
char = T;code = 84
char = h;code = 104
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = v;code = 118
char = e;code = 101
char = r;code = 114
char = s;code = 115
char = a;code = 97
char = l;code = 108
char = ;code = 32
char = p;code = 112
char = o;code = 111
char = t;code = 116
char = e;code = 101
char = n;code = 110
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = a;code = 97
char = l;code = 108
char = ;code = 32
char = f;code = 102
char = o;code = 111
char = r;code = 114
char = ;code = 32
char = I;code = 73
char = c;code = 99
char = a;code = 97
char = f;code = 102
char = f;code = 102
char = e;code = 101
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = w;code = 119
char = a;code = 97
char = s;code = 115
char = ;code = 32
char = c;code = 99
char = l;code = 108
char = o;code = 111
char = s;code = 115
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = o;code = 111
char = ;code = 32
char = K;code = 75
char = +;code = 43
char = ;code = 32
char = e;code = 101
char = q;code = 113
char = u;code = 117
char = i;code = 105
char = l;code = 108
char = i;code = 105
char = b;code = 98
char = r;code = 114
char = i;code = 105
char = u;code = 117
char = m;code = 109
char = ;code = 32
char = p;code = 112
char = o;code = 111
char = t;code = 116
char = e;code = 101
char = n;code = 110
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = a;code = 97
char = l;code = 108
char = .;code = 46
char = ;code = 32
char = T;code = 84
char = h;code = 104
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = I;code = 73
char = c;code = 99
char = a;code = 97
char = f;code = 102
char = f;code = 102
char = e;code = 101
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = w;code = 119
char = a;code = 97
char = s;code = 115
char = ;code = 32
char = n;code = 110
char = o;code = 111
char = t;code = 116
char = ;code = 32
char = b;code = 98
char = l;code = 108
char = o;code = 111
char = c;code = 99
char = k;code = 107
char = e;code = 101
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = b;code = 98
char = y;code = 121
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = p;code = 112
char = a;code = 97
char = m;code = 109
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = n;code = 110
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = 4;code = 52
char = -;code = 45
char = a;code = 97
char = m;code = 109
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = o;code = 111
char = p;code = 112
char = y;code = 121
char = r;code = 114
char = i;code = 105
char = d;code = 100
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = b;code = 98
char = u;code = 117
char = t;code = 116
char = ;code = 32
char = s;code = 115
char = u;code = 117
char = p;code = 112
char = p;code = 112
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = s;code = 115
char = s;code = 115
char = e;code = 101
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = b;code = 98
char = y;code = 121
char = ;code = 32
char = c;code = 99
char = h;code = 104
char = a;code = 97
char = r;code = 114
char = y;code = 121
char = b;code = 98
char = d;code = 100
char = o;code = 111
char = t;code = 116
char = o;code = 111
char = x;code = 120
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = ,;code = 44
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = e;code = 101
char = t;code = 116
char = r;code = 114
char = a;code = 97
char = e;code = 101
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = y;code = 121
char = l;code = 108
char = a;code = 97
char = m;code = 109
char = m;code = 109
char = o;code = 111
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char = i;code = 105
char = u;code = 117
char = m;code = 109
char = ,;code = 44
char = ;code = 32
char = q;code = 113
char = u;code = 117
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
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char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = B;code = 66
char = a;code = 97
char = 2;code = 50
char = +;code = 43
char = .;code = 46
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char = T;code = 84
char = h;code = 104
char = u;code = 117
char = s;code = 115
char = ,;code = 44
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = e;code = 101
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char = p;code = 112
char = h;code = 104
char = a;code = 97
char = r;code = 114
char = m;code = 109
char = a;code = 97
char = c;code = 99
char = o;code = 111
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char = o;code = 111
char = g;code = 103
char = i;code = 105
char = c;code = 99
char = a;code = 97
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char = ;code = 32
char = c;code = 99
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char = a;code = 97
char = r;code = 114
char = a;code = 97
char = c;code = 99
char = t;code = 116
char = e;code = 101
char = r;code = 114
char = i;code = 105
char = s;code = 115
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = c;code = 99
char = s;code = 115
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char = o;code = 111
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char = ;code = 32
char = I;code = 73
char = c;code = 99
char = a;code = 97
char = f;code = 102
char = f;code = 102
char = e;code = 101
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char = n;code = 110
char = e;code = 101
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char = w;code = 119
char = e;code = 101
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
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char = s;code = 115
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char = m;code = 109
char = i;code = 105
char = l;code = 108
char = a;code = 97
char = r;code = 114
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char = t;code = 116
char = o;code = 111
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = o;code = 111
char = s;code = 115
char = e;code = 101
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char = o;code = 111
char = f;code = 102
char = ;code = 32
char = C;code = 67
char = a;code = 97
char = (;code = 40
char = 2;code = 50
char = +;code = 43
char = );code = 41
char = -;code = 45
char = a;code = 97
char = c;code = 99
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = v;code = 118
char = a;code = 97
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char = e;code = 101
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = K;code = 75
char = +;code = 43
char = ;code = 32
char = c;code = 99
char = u;code = 117
char = r;code = 114
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = n;code = 110
char = t;code = 116
char = ;code = 32
char = h;code = 104
char = a;code = 97
char = v;code = 118
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
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char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
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char = l;code = 108
char = a;code = 97
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char = g;code = 103
char = e;code = 101
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char = c;code = 99
char = o;code = 111
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char = u;code = 117
char = c;code = 99
char = t;code = 116
char = a;code = 97
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char = c;code = 99
char = e;code = 101
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char = (;code = 40
char = I;code = 73
char = C;code = 67
char = );code = 41
char = ,;code = 44
char = ;code = 32
char = w;code = 119
char = h;code = 104
char = i;code = 105
char = c;code = 99
char = h;code = 104
char = ;code = 32
char = g;code = 103
char = e;code = 101
char = n;code = 110
char = e;code = 101
char = r;code = 114
char = a;code = 97
char = t;code = 116
char = e;code = 101
char = s;code = 115
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = ;code = 32
char = f;code = 102
char = a;code = 97
char = s;code = 115
char = t;code = 116
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char = a;code = 97
char = f;code = 102
char = t;code = 116
char = e;code = 101
char = r;code = 114
char = h;code = 104
char = y;code = 121
char = p;code = 112
char = e;code = 101
char = r;code = 114
char = p;code = 112
char = o;code = 111
char = l;code = 108
char = a;code = 97
char = r;code = 114
char = i;code = 105
char = z;code = 122
char = a;code = 97
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = o;code = 111
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char = ;code = 32
char = (;code = 40
char = a;code = 97
char = .;code = 46
char = h;code = 104
char = .;code = 46
char = p;code = 112
char = .;code = 46
char = );code = 41
char = .;code = 46
char = ;code = 32
char = I;code = 73
char = c;code = 99
char = a;code = 97
char = f;code = 102
char = f;code = 102
char = e;code = 101
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = e;code = 101
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char = w;code = 119
char = a;code = 97
char = s;code = 115
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char = d;code = 100
char = e;code = 101
char = p;code = 112
char = r;code = 114
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char = s;code = 115
char = s;code = 115
char = e;code = 101
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = b;code = 98
char = y;code = 121
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char = r;code = 114
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char = t;code = 116
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char = e;code = 101
char = a;code = 97
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char = m;code = 109
char = e;code = 101
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char = t;code = 116
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char = m;code = 109
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char = a;code = 97
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char = e;code = 101
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char = p;code = 112
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char = r;code = 114
char = m;code = 109
char = e;code = 101
char = a;code = 97
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char = t;code = 116
char = ;code = 32
char = C;code = 67
char = a;code = 97
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char = +;code = 43
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char = c;code = 99
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char = e;code = 101
char = l;code = 108
char = a;code = 97
char = t;code = 116
char = o;code = 111
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char = (;code = 40
char = B;code = 66
char = A;code = 65
char = P;code = 80
char = T;code = 84
char = A;code = 65
char = -;code = 45
char = A;code = 65
char = M;code = 77
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char = ;code = 32
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char = p;code = 112
char = l;code = 108
char = e;code = 101
char = t;code = 116
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char = o;code = 111
char = f;code = 102
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = e;code = 101
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char = C;code = 67
char = a;code = 97
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char = 2;code = 50
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char = );code = 41
char = -;code = 45
char = i;code = 105
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char = u;code = 117
char = c;code = 99
char = e;code = 101
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = C;code = 67
char = a;code = 97
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char = +;code = 43
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char = r;code = 114
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char = l;code = 108
char = e;code = 101
char = a;code = 97
char = s;code = 115
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = (;code = 40
char = C;code = 67
char = I;code = 73
char = C;code = 67
char = R;code = 82
char = );code = 41
char = ;code = 32
char = p;code = 112
char = o;code = 111
char = o;code = 111
char = l;code = 108
char = ;code = 32
char = w;code = 119
char = i;code = 105
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = ;code = 32
char = r;code = 114
char = y;code = 121
char = a;code = 97
char = n;code = 110
char = o;code = 111
char = d;code = 100
char = i;code = 105
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char = e;code = 101
char = .;code = 46
char = ;code = 32
char = A;code = 65
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char = b;code = 98
char = l;code = 108
char = o;code = 111
char = c;code = 99
char = k;code = 107
char = e;code = 101
char = r;code = 114
char = ;code = 32
char = o;code = 111
char = f;code = 102
char = ;code = 32
char = C;code = 67
char = I;code = 73
char = C;code = 67
char = R;code = 82
char = ;code = 32
char = s;code = 115
char = i;code = 105
char = t;code = 116
char = e;code = 101
char = s;code = 115
char = ,;code = 44
char = ;code = 32
char = p;code = 112
char = r;code = 114
char = o;code = 111
char = c;code = 99
char = a;code = 97
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = e;code = 101
char = ,;code = 44
char = ;code = 32
char = p;code = 112
char = o;code = 111
char = t;code = 116
char = e;code = 101
char = n;code = 110
char = t;code = 116
char = l;code = 108
char = y;code = 121
char = ;code = 32
char = d;code = 100
char = e;code = 101
char = p;code = 112
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = s;code = 115
char = s;code = 115
char = e;code = 101
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = e;code = 101
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char = I;code = 73
char = c;code = 99
char = a;code = 97
char = f;code = 102
char = f;code = 102
char = e;code = 101
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = e;code = 101
char = .;code = 46
char = ;code = 32
char = I;code = 73
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = b;code = 98
char = s;code = 115
char = e;code = 101
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char = c;code = 99
char = e;code = 101
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char = o;code = 111
char = f;code = 102
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = e;code = 101
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char = e;code = 101
char = x;code = 120
char = t;code = 116
char = r;code = 114
char = a;code = 97
char = c;code = 99
char = e;code = 101
char = l;code = 108
char = l;code = 108
char = u;code = 117
char = l;code = 108
char = a;code = 97
char = r;code = 114
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char = s;code = 115
char = e;code = 101
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char = c;code = 99
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char = o;code = 111
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char = h;code = 104
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char = ;code = 32
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char = l;code = 108
char = a;code = 97
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char = +;code = 43
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char = l;code = 108
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char = r;code = 114
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result sql = The effect of caffeine on the CA1 pyramidal neurons freshly dissociated from rat hippocampus was investigated with nystatin-perforated patch technique under voltage-clamp condition. Caffeine evoked a transient outward current (Icaffeine) in a concentration-dependent manner at a holding potential of -40 mV. The activation and inactivation of Icaffeine were accelerated with increasing caffeine concentration. The reversal potential for Icaffeine was close to K+ equilibrium potential. The Icaffeine was not blocked by apamin and 4-aminopyridine but suppressed by charybdotoxin, tetraethylammonium, quinine and Ba2+. Thus, the pharmacological characteristics of Icaffeine were similar to those of Ca(2+)-activated K+ current having a large conductance (IC), which generates a fast afterhyperpolarization (a.h.p.). Icaffeine was depressed by pretreatment with a membrane-permeant Ca2+ chelator (BAPTA-AM) and by depletion of the Ca(2+)-induced Ca2+ release (CICR) pool with ryanodine. A blocker of CICR sites, procaine, potently depressed the Icaffeine. In the absence of the extracellular Ca2+, an application of 10 mM caffeine depleted the caffeine-sensitive Ca2+ pools. Icaffeine recovered in an exponential fashion in the presence of the extracellular Ca2+. It was concluded that rat hippocampal pyramidal neurons have a caffeine-sensitive Ca2+ pool. Furthermore, the Ca2+ released from the pool evokes K+ current similar to IC current and hyperpolarizes the neurons.
Publication: Brain Res. 1993 Feb 26 ;604(1-2)::24-31.
Publication Date: 1993 Feb 26
Study Author(s): Uneyama, H;Munakata, M;Akaike, N;
Institution: Department of Neurophysiology, Tohoku University School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan.
Shortcut link to this study:
Publication Date: 1993 Feb 26
Study Author(s): Uneyama, H;Munakata, M;Akaike, N;
Institution: Department of Neurophysiology, Tohoku University School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan.
Shortcut link to this study:
The effect of caffeine on the CA1 pyramidal neurons freshly dissociated from rat hippocampus was investigated with nystatin-perforated patch technique under voltage-clamp condition. Caffeine evoked a transient outward current (Icaffeine) in a concentration-dependent manner at a holding potential of -40 mV. The activation and inactivation of Icaffeine were accelerated with increasing caffeine concentration. The reversal potential for Icaffeine was close to K+ equilibrium potential. The Icaffeine was not blocked by apamin and 4-aminopyridine but suppressed by charybdotoxin, tetraethylammonium, quinine and Ba2+. Thus, the pharmacological characteristics of Icaffeine were similar to those of Ca(2+)-activated K+ current having a large conductance (IC), which generates a fast afterhyperpolarization (a.h.p.). Icaffeine was depressed by pretreatment with a membrane-permeant Ca2+ chelator (BAPTA-AM) and by depletion of the Ca(2+)-induced Ca2+ release (CICR) pool with ryanodine. A blocker of CICR sites, procaine, potently depressed the Icaffeine. In the absence of the extracellular Ca2+, an application of 10 mM caffeine depleted the caffeine-sensitive Ca2+ pools. Icaffeine recovered in an exponential fashion in the presence of the extracellular Ca2+. It was concluded that rat hippocampal pyramidal neurons have a caffeine-sensitive Ca2+ pool. Furthermore, the Ca2+ released from the pool evokes K+ current similar to IC current and hyperpolarizes the neurons.
PMID: 8457852
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