|
|
char = T;code = 84
char = h;code = 104
char = e;code = 101
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char = e;code = 101
char = f;code = 102
char = f;code = 102
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char = c;code = 99
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char = l;code = 108
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result sql = The effect of L-carnitine on myocardial protection in cold cardioplegia followed by reperfusion.
The effect of L-carnitine on myocardial protection in cold cardioplegia followed by reperfusion.char = W;code = 87
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char = e;code = 101
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char = f;code = 102
char = e;code = 101
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char = .;code = 46
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char = H;code = 72
char = e;code = 101
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char = r;code = 114
char = t;code = 116
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char = ;code = 32
char = w;code = 119
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char = e;code = 101
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char = u;code = 117
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char = 8;code = 56
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char = 9;code = 57
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char = I;code = 73
char = ;code = 32
char = (;code = 40
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char = 1;code = 49
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char = );code = 41
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char = r;code = 114
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char = A;code = 65
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char = r;code = 114
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char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = e;code = 101
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char = u;code = 117
char = p;code = 112
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char = a;code = 97
char = k;code = 107
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char = h;code = 104
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char = a;code = 97
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char = t;code = 116
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char = e;code = 101
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char = g;code = 103
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char = f;code = 102
char = i;code = 105
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char = t;code = 116
char = l;code = 108
char = y;code = 121
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char = c;code = 99
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char = d;code = 100
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char = n;code = 110
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char = e;code = 101
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char = r;code = 114
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char = s;code = 115
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char = i;code = 105
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
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char = m;code = 109
char = e;code = 101
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char = ;code = 32
char = T;code = 84
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char = c;code = 99
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char = r;code = 114
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char = l;code = 108
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char = o;code = 111
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char = c;code = 99
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char = t;code = 116
char = r;code = 114
char = a;code = 97
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = o;code = 111
char = n;code = 110
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char = o;code = 111
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char = ;code = 32
char = f;code = 102
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = e;code = 101
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char = c;code = 99
char = a;code = 97
char = r;code = 114
char = n;code = 110
char = i;code = 105
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = t;code = 116
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = e;code = 101
char = n;code = 110
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = o;code = 111
char = f;code = 102
char = ;code = 32
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = p;code = 112
char = e;code = 101
char = r;code = 114
char = f;code = 102
char = u;code = 117
char = s;code = 115
char = i;code = 105
char = o;code = 111
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
char = w;code = 119
char = a;code = 97
char = s;code = 115
char = ;code = 32
char = s;code = 115
char = i;code = 105
char = g;code = 103
char = n;code = 110
char = i;code = 105
char = f;code = 102
char = i;code = 105
char = c;code = 99
char = a;code = 97
char = n;code = 110
char = t;code = 116
char = l;code = 108
char = y;code = 121
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char = h;code = 104
char = i;code = 105
char = g;code = 103
char = h;code = 104
char = e;code = 101
char = r;code = 114
char = ;code = 32
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
char = G;code = 71
char = r;code = 114
char = o;code = 111
char = u;code = 117
char = p;code = 112
char = ;code = 32
char = I;code = 73
char = I;code = 73
char = I;code = 73
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = a;code = 97
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = t;code = 116
char = ;code = 32
char = p;code = 112
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = -;code = 45
char = i;code = 105
char = s;code = 115
char = c;code = 99
char = h;code = 104
char = e;code = 101
char = m;code = 109
char = i;code = 105
char = a;code = 97
char = .;code = 46
char = ;code = 32
char = T;code = 84
char = h;code = 104
char = e;code = 101
char = s;code = 115
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = s;code = 115
char = u;code = 117
char = l;code = 108
char = t;code = 116
char = s;code = 115
char = ;code = 32
char = s;code = 115
char = u;code = 117
char = g;code = 103
char = g;code = 103
char = e;code = 101
char = s;code = 115
char = t;code = 116
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = a;code = 97
char = t;code = 116
char = ;code = 32
char = e;code = 101
char = x;code = 120
char = o;code = 111
char = g;code = 103
char = e;code = 101
char = n;code = 110
char = o;code = 111
char = u;code = 117
char = s;code = 115
char = ;code = 32
char = L;code = 76
char = -;code = 45
char = c;code = 99
char = a;code = 97
char = r;code = 114
char = n;code = 110
char = i;code = 105
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = i;code = 105
char = s;code = 115
char = ;code = 32
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = c;code = 99
char = o;code = 111
char = r;code = 114
char = p;code = 112
char = o;code = 111
char = r;code = 114
char = a;code = 97
char = t;code = 116
char = e;code = 101
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = t;code = 116
char = o;code = 111
char = ;code = 32
char = c;code = 99
char = e;code = 101
char = l;code = 108
char = l;code = 108
char = u;code = 117
char = l;code = 108
char = a;code = 97
char = r;code = 114
char = ;code = 32
char = m;code = 109
char = e;code = 101
char = t;code = 116
char = a;code = 97
char = b;code = 98
char = o;code = 111
char = l;code = 108
char = i;code = 105
char = s;code = 115
char = m;code = 109
char = ,;code = 44
char = ;code = 32
char = e;code = 101
char = v;code = 118
char = e;code = 101
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
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char = y;code = 121
char = p;code = 112
char = o;code = 111
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = e;code = 101
char = r;code = 114
char = m;code = 109
char = i;code = 105
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char = c;code = 99
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char = o;code = 111
char = p;code = 112
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char = i;code = 105
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char = v;code = 118
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char = n;code = 110
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char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = m;code = 109
char = y;code = 121
char = o;code = 111
char = c;code = 99
char = a;code = 97
char = r;code = 114
char = d;code = 100
char = i;code = 105
char = a;code = 97
char = l;code = 108
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = d;code = 100
char = e;code = 101
char = n;code = 110
char = o;code = 111
char = s;code = 115
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = r;code = 114
char = i;code = 105
char = p;code = 112
char = h;code = 104
char = o;code = 111
char = s;code = 115
char = p;code = 112
char = h;code = 104
char = a;code = 97
char = t;code = 116
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = c;code = 99
char = o;code = 111
char = n;code = 110
char = c;code = 99
char = e;code = 101
char = n;code = 110
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char = r;code = 114
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char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = o;code = 111
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char = >;code = 62
result sql = We studied the effect of exogenous L-carnitine on myocardial viability and carnitine uptake following ischemia-reperfusion in isolated rat hearts. Hearts were subjected to hypothermic cardioplegia at 26 degrees C for 80 minutes with and without carnitine 10 mmol/L added to the perfusate and cardioplegic solution [Groups I (n = 9) and II (n = 14), respectively]. Additionally, to study myocardial carnitine uptake, hearts were subjected to global ischemia at 20 degrees C [Group III (n = 6) and IV (n = 6)] and at 37 degrees C [Group V (n = 6) and VI (n = 6)] with and without carnitine 10 mmol/L added to the perfusate. All hearts received normothermic reperfusion, and Krebs-Henseleit solution was used as the perfusate in all groups. Postischemic aortic flow, expressed as the percentage of pre-ischemic flow, morphometric scores of myocardial mitochondria, and the myocardial concentration of adenosine triphosphate at the end of reperfusion were significantly higher in Group I than in Group II. In hearts treated with L-carnitine both at 20 degrees C and 37 degrees C the myocardial concentrations of carnitine fractions (free, short-acyl, and long-acyl) increased significantly compared to those in hearts without L-carnitine treatment. The myocardial concentration of free carnitine at the end of reperfusion was significantly higher in Group III than at pre-ischemia. These results suggest that exogenous L-carnitine is incorporated into cellular metabolism, even in hypothermic cardioplegia, improving cardiac function and preserving the myocardial adenosine triphosphate concentration.
char = h;code = 104
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char = c;code = 99
char = t;code = 116
char = ;code = 32
char = o;code = 111
char = f;code = 102
char = ;code = 32
char = L;code = 76
char = -;code = 45
char = c;code = 99
char = a;code = 97
char = r;code = 114
char = n;code = 110
char = i;code = 105
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = o;code = 111
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
char = m;code = 109
char = y;code = 121
char = o;code = 111
char = c;code = 99
char = a;code = 97
char = r;code = 114
char = d;code = 100
char = i;code = 105
char = a;code = 97
char = l;code = 108
char = ;code = 32
char = p;code = 112
char = r;code = 114
char = o;code = 111
char = t;code = 116
char = e;code = 101
char = c;code = 99
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = o;code = 111
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
char = c;code = 99
char = o;code = 111
char = l;code = 108
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = c;code = 99
char = a;code = 97
char = r;code = 114
char = d;code = 100
char = i;code = 105
char = o;code = 111
char = p;code = 112
char = l;code = 108
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char = g;code = 103
char = i;code = 105
char = a;code = 97
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char = l;code = 108
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char = e;code = 101
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = b;code = 98
char = y;code = 121
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char = e;code = 101
char = p;code = 112
char = e;code = 101
char = r;code = 114
char = f;code = 102
char = u;code = 117
char = s;code = 115
char = i;code = 105
char = o;code = 111
char = n;code = 110
char = .;code = 46
result sql = The effect of L-carnitine on myocardial protection in cold cardioplegia followed by reperfusion.
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char = i;code = 105
char = e;code = 101
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
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char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = e;code = 101
char = f;code = 102
char = f;code = 102
char = e;code = 101
char = c;code = 99
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char = ;code = 32
char = e;code = 101
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char = g;code = 103
char = e;code = 101
char = n;code = 110
char = o;code = 111
char = u;code = 117
char = s;code = 115
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char = L;code = 76
char = -;code = 45
char = c;code = 99
char = a;code = 97
char = r;code = 114
char = n;code = 110
char = i;code = 105
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = o;code = 111
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
char = m;code = 109
char = y;code = 121
char = o;code = 111
char = c;code = 99
char = a;code = 97
char = r;code = 114
char = d;code = 100
char = i;code = 105
char = a;code = 97
char = l;code = 108
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char = v;code = 118
char = i;code = 105
char = a;code = 97
char = b;code = 98
char = i;code = 105
char = l;code = 108
char = i;code = 105
char = t;code = 116
char = y;code = 121
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char = a;code = 97
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char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = c;code = 99
char = a;code = 97
char = r;code = 114
char = n;code = 110
char = i;code = 105
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = e;code = 101
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char = u;code = 117
char = p;code = 112
char = t;code = 116
char = a;code = 97
char = k;code = 107
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = f;code = 102
char = o;code = 111
char = l;code = 108
char = l;code = 108
char = o;code = 111
char = w;code = 119
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char = n;code = 110
char = g;code = 103
char = ;code = 32
char = i;code = 105
char = s;code = 115
char = c;code = 99
char = h;code = 104
char = e;code = 101
char = m;code = 109
char = i;code = 105
char = a;code = 97
char = -;code = 45
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = p;code = 112
char = e;code = 101
char = r;code = 114
char = f;code = 102
char = u;code = 117
char = s;code = 115
char = i;code = 105
char = o;code = 111
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
char = i;code = 105
char = s;code = 115
char = o;code = 111
char = l;code = 108
char = a;code = 97
char = t;code = 116
char = e;code = 101
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = r;code = 114
char = a;code = 97
char = t;code = 116
char = ;code = 32
char = h;code = 104
char = e;code = 101
char = a;code = 97
char = r;code = 114
char = t;code = 116
char = s;code = 115
char = .;code = 46
char = ;code = 32
char = H;code = 72
char = e;code = 101
char = a;code = 97
char = r;code = 114
char = t;code = 116
char = s;code = 115
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char = w;code = 119
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char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = s;code = 115
char = u;code = 117
char = b;code = 98
char = j;code = 106
char = e;code = 101
char = c;code = 99
char = t;code = 116
char = e;code = 101
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = o;code = 111
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char = h;code = 104
char = y;code = 121
char = p;code = 112
char = o;code = 111
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = e;code = 101
char = r;code = 114
char = m;code = 109
char = i;code = 105
char = c;code = 99
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char = c;code = 99
char = a;code = 97
char = r;code = 114
char = d;code = 100
char = i;code = 105
char = o;code = 111
char = p;code = 112
char = l;code = 108
char = e;code = 101
char = g;code = 103
char = i;code = 105
char = a;code = 97
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = t;code = 116
char = ;code = 32
char = 2;code = 50
char = 6;code = 54
char = ;code = 32
char = d;code = 100
char = e;code = 101
char = g;code = 103
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = e;code = 101
char = s;code = 115
char = ;code = 32
char = C;code = 67
char = ;code = 32
char = f;code = 102
char = o;code = 111
char = r;code = 114
char = ;code = 32
char = 8;code = 56
char = 0;code = 48
char = ;code = 32
char = m;code = 109
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = u;code = 117
char = t;code = 116
char = e;code = 101
char = s;code = 115
char = ;code = 32
char = w;code = 119
char = i;code = 105
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = n;code = 110
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = w;code = 119
char = i;code = 105
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = o;code = 111
char = u;code = 117
char = t;code = 116
char = ;code = 32
char = c;code = 99
char = a;code = 97
char = r;code = 114
char = n;code = 110
char = i;code = 105
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = 1;code = 49
char = 0;code = 48
char = ;code = 32
char = m;code = 109
char = m;code = 109
char = o;code = 111
char = l;code = 108
char = /;code = 47
char = L;code = 76
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = d;code = 100
char = d;code = 100
char = e;code = 101
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = o;code = 111
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = p;code = 112
char = e;code = 101
char = r;code = 114
char = f;code = 102
char = u;code = 117
char = s;code = 115
char = a;code = 97
char = t;code = 116
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
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char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = c;code = 99
char = a;code = 97
char = r;code = 114
char = d;code = 100
char = i;code = 105
char = o;code = 111
char = p;code = 112
char = l;code = 108
char = e;code = 101
char = g;code = 103
char = i;code = 105
char = c;code = 99
char = ;code = 32
char = s;code = 115
char = o;code = 111
char = l;code = 108
char = u;code = 117
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = o;code = 111
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
char = [;code = 91
char = G;code = 71
char = r;code = 114
char = o;code = 111
char = u;code = 117
char = p;code = 112
char = s;code = 115
char = ;code = 32
char = I;code = 73
char = ;code = 32
char = (;code = 40
char = n;code = 110
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char = =;code = 61
char = ;code = 32
char = 9;code = 57
char = );code = 41
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = n;code = 110
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = I;code = 73
char = I;code = 73
char = ;code = 32
char = (;code = 40
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
char = =;code = 61
char = ;code = 32
char = 1;code = 49
char = 4;code = 52
char = );code = 41
char = ,;code = 44
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char = r;code = 114
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char = s;code = 115
char = p;code = 112
char = e;code = 101
char = c;code = 99
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = v;code = 118
char = e;code = 101
char = l;code = 108
char = y;code = 121
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char = .;code = 46
char = ;code = 32
char = A;code = 65
char = d;code = 100
char = d;code = 100
char = i;code = 105
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = o;code = 111
char = n;code = 110
char = a;code = 97
char = l;code = 108
char = l;code = 108
char = y;code = 121
char = ,;code = 44
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = o;code = 111
char = ;code = 32
char = s;code = 115
char = t;code = 116
char = u;code = 117
char = d;code = 100
char = y;code = 121
char = ;code = 32
char = m;code = 109
char = y;code = 121
char = o;code = 111
char = c;code = 99
char = a;code = 97
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char = d;code = 100
char = i;code = 105
char = a;code = 97
char = l;code = 108
char = ;code = 32
char = c;code = 99
char = a;code = 97
char = r;code = 114
char = n;code = 110
char = i;code = 105
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = e;code = 101
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char = u;code = 117
char = p;code = 112
char = t;code = 116
char = a;code = 97
char = k;code = 107
char = e;code = 101
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char = ;code = 32
char = h;code = 104
char = e;code = 101
char = a;code = 97
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char = t;code = 116
char = s;code = 115
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char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
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char = s;code = 115
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char = b;code = 98
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char = c;code = 99
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char = g;code = 103
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char = o;code = 111
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char = a;code = 97
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char = a;code = 97
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char = g;code = 103
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = e;code = 101
char = s;code = 115
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char = C;code = 67
char = ;code = 32
char = [;code = 91
char = G;code = 71
char = r;code = 114
char = o;code = 111
char = u;code = 117
char = p;code = 112
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char = I;code = 73
char = I;code = 73
char = I;code = 73
char = ;code = 32
char = (;code = 40
char = n;code = 110
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char = =;code = 61
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char = 6;code = 54
char = );code = 41
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
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char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = I;code = 73
char = V;code = 86
char = ;code = 32
char = (;code = 40
char = n;code = 110
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char = =;code = 61
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char = 6;code = 54
char = );code = 41
char = ];code = 93
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
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char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = t;code = 116
char = ;code = 32
char = 3;code = 51
char = 7;code = 55
char = ;code = 32
char = d;code = 100
char = e;code = 101
char = g;code = 103
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = e;code = 101
char = s;code = 115
char = ;code = 32
char = C;code = 67
char = ;code = 32
char = [;code = 91
char = G;code = 71
char = r;code = 114
char = o;code = 111
char = u;code = 117
char = p;code = 112
char = ;code = 32
char = V;code = 86
char = ;code = 32
char = (;code = 40
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
char = =;code = 61
char = ;code = 32
char = 6;code = 54
char = );code = 41
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = n;code = 110
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = V;code = 86
char = I;code = 73
char = ;code = 32
char = (;code = 40
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
char = =;code = 61
char = ;code = 32
char = 6;code = 54
char = );code = 41
char = ];code = 93
char = ;code = 32
char = w;code = 119
char = i;code = 105
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
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char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = w;code = 119
char = i;code = 105
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = o;code = 111
char = u;code = 117
char = t;code = 116
char = ;code = 32
char = c;code = 99
char = a;code = 97
char = r;code = 114
char = n;code = 110
char = i;code = 105
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = e;code = 101
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char = 1;code = 49
char = 0;code = 48
char = ;code = 32
char = m;code = 109
char = m;code = 109
char = o;code = 111
char = l;code = 108
char = /;code = 47
char = L;code = 76
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = d;code = 100
char = d;code = 100
char = e;code = 101
char = d;code = 100
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char = t;code = 116
char = o;code = 111
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char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = p;code = 112
char = e;code = 101
char = r;code = 114
char = f;code = 102
char = u;code = 117
char = s;code = 115
char = a;code = 97
char = t;code = 116
char = e;code = 101
char = .;code = 46
char = ;code = 32
char = A;code = 65
char = l;code = 108
char = l;code = 108
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char = h;code = 104
char = e;code = 101
char = a;code = 97
char = r;code = 114
char = t;code = 116
char = s;code = 115
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char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = c;code = 99
char = e;code = 101
char = i;code = 105
char = v;code = 118
char = e;code = 101
char = d;code = 100
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char = r;code = 114
char = m;code = 109
char = o;code = 111
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = e;code = 101
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char = m;code = 109
char = i;code = 105
char = c;code = 99
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char = p;code = 112
char = e;code = 101
char = r;code = 114
char = f;code = 102
char = u;code = 117
char = s;code = 115
char = i;code = 105
char = o;code = 111
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char = ,;code = 44
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
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char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = K;code = 75
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char = b;code = 98
char = s;code = 115
char = -;code = 45
char = H;code = 72
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char = s;code = 115
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char = l;code = 108
char = e;code = 101
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char = t;code = 116
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char = s;code = 115
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char = o;code = 111
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char = P;code = 80
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char = c;code = 99
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char = r;code = 114
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char = l;code = 108
char = o;code = 111
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char = ,;code = 44
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char = e;code = 101
char = s;code = 115
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char = e;code = 101
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char = a;code = 97
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char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = e;code = 101
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char = e;code = 101
char = r;code = 114
char = c;code = 99
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char = n;code = 110
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char = a;code = 97
char = g;code = 103
char = e;code = 101
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char = f;code = 102
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char = p;code = 112
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char = e;code = 101
char = -;code = 45
char = i;code = 105
char = s;code = 115
char = c;code = 99
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char = e;code = 101
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char = i;code = 105
char = c;code = 99
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char = f;code = 102
char = l;code = 108
char = o;code = 111
char = w;code = 119
char = ,;code = 44
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char = m;code = 109
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char = p;code = 112
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char = o;code = 111
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char = e;code = 101
char = t;code = 116
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char = c;code = 99
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char = e;code = 101
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char = m;code = 109
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char = o;code = 111
char = c;code = 99
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char = d;code = 100
char = i;code = 105
char = a;code = 97
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char = m;code = 109
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char = t;code = 116
char = o;code = 111
char = c;code = 99
char = h;code = 104
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char = r;code = 114
char = i;code = 105
char = a;code = 97
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char = ;code = 32
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char = h;code = 104
char = e;code = 101
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char = d;code = 100
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char = a;code = 97
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char = t;code = 116
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char = a;code = 97
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = o;code = 111
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char = a;code = 97
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char = e;code = 101
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char = o;code = 111
char = s;code = 115
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char = e;code = 101
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char = t;code = 116
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char = p;code = 112
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char = o;code = 111
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char = p;code = 112
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char = a;code = 97
char = t;code = 116
char = e;code = 101
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char = a;code = 97
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char = t;code = 116
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char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = e;code = 101
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char = ;code = 32
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char = ;code = 32
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char = I;code = 73
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char = e;code = 101
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char = e;code = 101
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char = i;code = 105
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char = g;code = 103
char = ;code = 32
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char = y;code = 121
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char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
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char = i;code = 105
char = o;code = 111
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result sql = We studied the effect of exogenous L-carnitine on myocardial viability and carnitine uptake following ischemia-reperfusion in isolated rat hearts. Hearts were subjected to hypothermic cardioplegia at 26 degrees C for 80 minutes with and without carnitine 10 mmol/L added to the perfusate and cardioplegic solution [Groups I (n = 9) and II (n = 14), respectively]. Additionally, to study myocardial carnitine uptake, hearts were subjected to global ischemia at 20 degrees C [Group III (n = 6) and IV (n = 6)] and at 37 degrees C [Group V (n = 6) and VI (n = 6)] with and without carnitine 10 mmol/L added to the perfusate. All hearts received normothermic reperfusion, and Krebs-Henseleit solution was used as the perfusate in all groups. Postischemic aortic flow, expressed as the percentage of pre-ischemic flow, morphometric scores of myocardial mitochondria, and the myocardial concentration of adenosine triphosphate at the end of reperfusion were significantly higher in Group I than in Group II. In hearts treated with L-carnitine both at 20 degrees C and 37 degrees C the myocardial concentrations of carnitine fractions (free, short-acyl, and long-acyl) increased significantly compared to those in hearts without L-carnitine treatment. The myocardial concentration of free carnitine at the end of reperfusion was significantly higher in Group III than at pre-ischemia. These results suggest that exogenous L-carnitine is incorporated into cellular metabolism, even in hypothermic cardioplegia, improving cardiac function and preserving the myocardial adenosine triphosphate concentration.
Publication: Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 1994 Apr ;42(2)::85-9.
Publication Date: 1994 Apr
Study Author(s): Nakagawa, T;Sunamori, M;Suzuki, A;
Institution: Department of Thoracic-Cardiovascular Surgery, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, School of Medicine, Japan.
Shortcut link to this study:
Publication Date: 1994 Apr
Study Author(s): Nakagawa, T;Sunamori, M;Suzuki, A;
Institution: Department of Thoracic-Cardiovascular Surgery, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, School of Medicine, Japan.
Shortcut link to this study:
We studied the effect of exogenous L-carnitine on myocardial viability and carnitine uptake following ischemia-reperfusion in isolated rat hearts. Hearts were subjected to hypothermic cardioplegia at 26 degrees C for 80 minutes with and without carnitine 10 mmol/L added to the perfusate and cardioplegic solution [Groups I (n = 9) and II (n = 14), respectively]. Additionally, to study myocardial carnitine uptake, hearts were subjected to global ischemia at 20 degrees C [Group III (n = 6) and IV (n = 6)] and at 37 degrees C [Group V (n = 6) and VI (n = 6)] with and without carnitine 10 mmol/L added to the perfusate. All hearts received normothermic reperfusion, and Krebs-Henseleit solution was used as the perfusate in all groups. Postischemic aortic flow, expressed as the percentage of pre-ischemic flow, morphometric scores of myocardial mitochondria, and the myocardial concentration of adenosine triphosphate at the end of reperfusion were significantly higher in Group I than in Group II. In hearts treated with L-carnitine both at 20 degrees C and 37 degrees C the myocardial concentrations of carnitine fractions (free, short-acyl, and long-acyl) increased significantly compared to those in hearts without L-carnitine treatment. The myocardial concentration of free carnitine at the end of reperfusion was significantly higher in Group III than at pre-ischemia. These results suggest that exogenous L-carnitine is incorporated into cellular metabolism, even in hypothermic cardioplegia, improving cardiac function and preserving the myocardial adenosine triphosphate concentration.
PMID: 8016834
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