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Novel approach to oxytocin induction-augmentation of labor. 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a;code = 97 char = b;code = 98 char = o;code = 111 char = r;code = 114 char = ;code = 32 char = w;code = 119 char = i;code = 105 char = t;code = 116 char = h;code = 104 char = ;code = 32 char = p;code = 112 char = u;code = 117 char = l;code = 108 char = s;code = 115 char = a;code = 97 char = t;code = 116 char = i;code = 105 char = l;code = 108 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = i;code = 105 char = n;code = 110 char = t;code = 116 char = r;code = 114 char = a;code = 97 char = v;code = 118 char = e;code = 101 char = n;code = 110 char = o;code = 111 char = u;code = 117 char = s;code = 115 char = ;code = 32 char = a;code = 97 char = d;code = 100 char = m;code = 109 char = i;code = 105 char = n;code = 110 char = i;code = 105 char = s;code = 115 char = t;code = 116 char = r;code = 114 char = a;code = 97 char = t;code = 116 char = i;code = 105 char = o;code = 111 char = n;code = 110 char = ;code = 32 char = o;code = 111 char = f;code = 102 char = ;code = 32 char = O;code = 79 char = T;code = 84 char = .;code = 46 char = ;code = 32 char = I;code = 73 char = n;code = 110 char = ;code = 32 char = a;code = 97 char = ;code = 32 char = p;code = 112 char = r;code = 114 char = o;code = 111 char = s;code = 115 char = p;code = 112 char = e;code = 101 char = c;code = 99 char = t;code = 116 char = i;code = 105 char = v;code = 118 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = r;code = 114 char = a;code = 97 char = n;code = 110 char = d;code = 100 char = o;code = 111 char = m;code = 109 char = i;code = 105 char = z;code = 122 char = e;code = 101 char = d;code = 100 char = ;code = 32 char = s;code = 115 char = t;code = 116 char = u;code = 117 char = d;code = 100 char = y;code = 121 char = ;code = 32 char = o;code = 111 char = f;code = 102 char = ;code = 32 char = 1;code = 49 char = 0;code = 48 char = 6;code = 54 char = ;code = 32 char = p;code = 112 char = a;code = 97 char = t;code = 116 char = i;code = 105 char = e;code = 101 char = n;code = 110 char = t;code = 116 char = s;code = 115 char = ;code = 32 char = u;code = 117 char = n;code = 110 char = d;code = 100 char = e;code = 101 char = r;code = 114 char = g;code = 103 char = o;code = 111 char = i;code = 105 char = n;code = 110 char = g;code = 103 char = ;code = 32 char = l;code = 108 char = a;code = 97 char = b;code = 98 char = o;code = 111 char = r;code = 114 char = ;code = 32 char = i;code = 105 char = n;code = 110 char = d;code = 100 char = u;code = 117 char = c;code = 99 char = t;code = 116 char = i;code = 105 char = o;code = 111 char = n;code = 110 char = ;code = 32 char = w;code = 119 char = i;code = 105 char = t;code = 116 char = h;code = 104 char = ;code = 32 char = p;code = 112 char = u;code = 117 char = l;code = 108 char = s;code = 115 char = a;code = 97 char = t;code = 116 char = i;code = 105 char = l;code = 108 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = v;code = 118 char = e;code = 101 char = r;code = 114 char = s;code = 115 char = u;code = 117 char = s;code = 115 char = ;code = 32 char = c;code = 99 char = o;code = 111 char = n;code = 110 char = t;code = 116 char = i;code = 105 char = n;code = 110 char = u;code = 117 char = o;code = 111 char = u;code = 117 char = s;code = 115 char = ;code = 32 char = a;code = 97 char = d;code = 100 char = m;code = 109 char = i;code = 105 char = n;code = 110 char = i;code = 105 char = s;code = 115 char = t;code = 116 char = r;code = 114 char = a;code = 97 char = t;code = 116 char = i;code = 105 char = o;code = 111 char = n;code = 110 char = ;code = 32 char = o;code = 111 char = f;code = 102 char = ;code = 32 char = O;code = 79 char = T;code = 84 char = ,;code = 44 char = ;code = 32 char = t;code = 116 char = h;code = 104 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = t;code = 116 char = o;code = 111 char = t;code = 116 char = a;code = 97 char = l;code = 108 char = ;code = 32 char = d;code = 100 char = o;code = 111 char = s;code = 115 char = e;code = 101 char = ,;code = 44 char = ;code = 32 char = t;code = 116 char = h;code = 104 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = a;code = 97 char = v;code = 118 char = e;code = 101 char = r;code = 114 char = a;code = 97 char = g;code = 103 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = d;code = 100 char = o;code = 111 char = s;code = 115 char = e;code = 101 char = /;code = 47 char = m;code = 109 char = i;code = 105 char = n;code = 110 char = ,;code = 44 char = ;code = 32 char = a;code = 97 char = n;code = 110 char = d;code = 100 char = ;code = 32 char = t;code = 116 char = h;code = 104 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = p;code = 112 char = e;code = 101 char = a;code = 97 char = k;code = 107 char = ;code = 32 char = o;code = 111 char = r;code = 114 char = ;code = 32 char = h;code = 104 char = i;code = 105 char = g;code = 103 char = h;code = 104 char = e;code = 101 char = s;code = 115 char = t;code = 116 char = ;code = 32 char = d;code = 100 char = o;code = 111 char = s;code = 115 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = r;code = 114 char = e;code = 101 char = q;code = 113 char = u;code = 117 char = i;code = 105 char = r;code = 114 char = e;code = 101 char = d;code = 100 char = /;code = 47 char = m;code = 109 char = i;code = 105 char = n;code = 110 char = ;code = 32 char = w;code = 119 char = e;code = 101 char = r;code = 114 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = s;code = 115 char = i;code = 105 char = g;code = 103 char = n;code = 110 char = i;code = 105 char = f;code = 102 char = i;code = 105 char = c;code = 99 char = a;code = 97 char = n;code = 110 char = t;code = 116 char = l;code = 108 char = y;code = 121 char = ;code = 32 char = r;code = 114 char = e;code = 101 char = d;code = 100 char = u;code = 117 char = c;code = 99 char = e;code = 101 char = d;code = 100 char = ;code = 32 char = w;code = 119 char = i;code = 105 char = t;code = 116 char = h;code = 104 char = ;code = 32 char = p;code = 112 char = u;code = 117 char = l;code = 108 char = s;code = 115 char = a;code = 97 char = t;code = 116 char = i;code = 105 char = l;code = 108 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = O;code = 79 char = T;code = 84 char = ;code = 32 char = c;code = 99 char = o;code = 111 char = m;code = 109 char = p;code = 112 char = a;code = 97 char = r;code = 114 char = e;code = 101 char = d;code = 100 char = ;code = 32 char = w;code = 119 char = i;code = 105 char = t;code = 116 char = h;code = 104 char = ;code = 32 char = c;code = 99 char = o;code = 111 char = n;code = 110 char = t;code = 116 char = i;code = 105 char = n;code = 110 char = u;code = 117 char = o;code = 111 char = u;code = 117 char = s;code = 115 char = ;code = 32 char = O;code = 79 char = T;code = 84 char = .;code = 46 char = ;code = 32 char = T;code = 84 char = h;code = 104 char = e;code = 101 char = s;code = 115 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = s;code = 115 char = i;code = 105 char = g;code = 103 char = n;code = 110 char = i;code = 105 char = f;code = 102 char = i;code = 105 char = c;code = 99 char = a;code = 97 char = n;code = 110 char = t;code = 116 char = ;code = 32 char = d;code = 100 char = i;code = 105 char = f;code = 102 char = f;code = 102 char = e;code = 101 char = r;code = 114 char = e;code = 101 char = n;code = 110 char = c;code = 99 char = e;code = 101 char = s;code = 115 char = ;code = 32 char = r;code = 114 char = e;code = 101 char = m;code = 109 char = a;code = 97 char = i;code = 105 char = n;code = 110 char = e;code = 101 char = d;code = 100 char = ;code = 32 char = w;code = 119 char = h;code = 104 char = e;code = 101 char = n;code = 110 char = ;code = 32 char = c;code = 99 char = o;code = 111 char = n;code = 110 char = t;code = 116 char = r;code = 114 char = o;code = 111 char = l;code = 108 char = l;code = 108 char = e;code = 101 char = d;code = 100 char = ;code = 32 char = f;code = 102 char = o;code = 111 char = r;code = 114 char = ;code = 32 char = p;code = 112 char = a;code = 97 char = r;code = 114 char = i;code = 105 char = t;code = 116 char = y;code = 121 char = ,;code = 44 char = ;code = 32 char = B;code = 66 char = i;code = 105 char = s;code = 115 char = h;code = 104 char = o;code = 111 char = p;code = 112 char = ';code = 39 char = s;code = 115 char = ;code = 32 char = s;code = 115 char = c;code = 99 char = o;code = 111 char = r;code = 114 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = o;code = 111 char = f;code = 102 char = ;code = 32 char = c;code = 99 char = e;code = 101 char = r;code = 114 char = v;code = 118 char = i;code = 105 char = c;code = 99 char = a;code = 97 char = l;code = 108 char = ;code = 32 char = r;code = 114 char = i;code = 105 char = p;code = 112 char = e;code = 101 char = n;code = 110 char = e;code = 101 char = s;code = 115 char = s;code = 115 char = ,;code = 44 char = ;code = 32 char = a;code = 97 char = n;code = 110 char = d;code = 100 char = ;code = 32 char = t;code = 116 char = h;code = 104 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = n;code = 110 char = u;code = 117 char = m;code = 109 char = b;code = 98 char = e;code = 101 char = r;code = 114 char = ;code = 32 char = o;code = 111 char = f;code = 102 char = ;code = 32 char = d;code = 100 char = a;code = 97 char = y;code = 121 char = s;code = 115 char = ;code = 32 char = f;code = 102 char = o;code = 111 char = r;code = 114 char = ;code = 32 char = i;code = 105 char = n;code = 110 char = d;code = 100 char = u;code = 117 char = c;code = 99 char = t;code = 116 char = i;code = 105 char = o;code = 111 char = n;code = 110 char = .;code = 46 char = ;code = 32 char = S;code = 83 char = i;code = 105 char = m;code = 109 char = i;code = 105 char = l;code = 108 char = a;code = 97 char = r;code = 114 char = l;code = 108 char = y;code = 121 char = ;code = 32 char = i;code = 105 char = n;code = 110 char = ;code = 32 char = a;code = 97 char = ;code = 32 char = p;code = 112 char = r;code = 114 char = o;code = 111 char = s;code = 115 char = p;code = 112 char = e;code = 101 char = c;code = 99 char = t;code = 116 char = i;code = 105 char = v;code = 118 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = r;code = 114 char = a;code = 97 char = n;code = 110 char = d;code = 100 char = o;code = 111 char = m;code = 109 char = i;code = 105 char = z;code = 122 char = e;code = 101 char = d;code = 100 char = ;code = 32 char = s;code = 115 char = t;code = 116 char = u;code = 117 char = d;code = 100 char = y;code = 121 char = ;code = 32 char = o;code = 111 char = n;code = 110 char = ;code = 32 char = a;code = 97 char = u;code = 117 char = g;code = 103 char = m;code = 109 char = e;code = 101 char = n;code = 110 char = t;code = 116 char = a;code = 97 char = t;code = 116 char = i;code = 105 char = o;code = 111 char = n;code = 110 char = ;code = 32 char = o;code = 111 char = f;code = 102 char = ;code = 32 char = l;code = 108 char = a;code = 97 char = b;code = 98 char = o;code = 111 char = r;code = 114 char = ;code = 32 char = b;code = 98 char = y;code = 121 char = ;code = 32 char = i;code = 105 char = n;code = 110 char = t;code = 116 char = r;code = 114 char = a;code = 97 char = v;code = 118 char = e;code = 101 char = n;code = 110 char = o;code = 111 char = u;code = 117 char = s;code = 115 char = ;code = 32 char = O;code = 79 char = T;code = 84 char = ,;code = 44 char = ;code = 32 char = w;code = 119 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = f;code = 102 char = o;code = 111 char = u;code = 117 char = n;code = 110 char = d;code = 100 char = ;code = 32 char = t;code = 116 char = h;code = 104 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = d;code = 100 char = o;code = 111 char = s;code = 115 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = o;code = 111 char = f;code = 102 char = ;code = 32 char = O;code = 79 char = T;code = 84 char = ;code = 32 char = f;code = 102 char = o;code = 111 char = r;code = 114 char = ;code = 32 char = s;code = 115 char = u;code = 117 char = c;code = 99 char = c;code = 99 char = e;code = 101 char = s;code = 115 char = s;code = 115 char = f;code = 102 char = u;code = 117 char = l;code = 108 char = ;code = 32 char = a;code = 97 char = u;code = 117 char = g;code = 103 char = m;code = 109 char = e;code = 101 char = n;code = 110 char = t;code = 116 char = a;code = 97 char = t;code = 116 char = i;code = 105 char = o;code = 111 char = n;code = 110 char = ;code = 32 char = w;code = 119 char = a;code = 97 char = s;code = 115 char = ;code = 32 char = s;code = 115 char = i;code = 105 char = g;code = 103 char = n;code = 110 char = i;code = 105 char = f;code = 102 char = i;code = 105 char = c;code = 99 char = a;code = 97 char = n;code = 110 char = t;code = 116 char = l;code = 108 char = y;code = 121 char = ;code = 32 char = r;code = 114 char = e;code = 101 char = d;code = 100 char = u;code = 117 char = c;code = 99 char = e;code = 101 char = d;code = 100 char = ;code = 32 char = w;code = 119 char = i;code = 105 char = t;code = 116 char = h;code = 104 char = ;code = 32 char = p;code = 112 char = u;code = 117 char = l;code = 108 char = s;code = 115 char = a;code = 97 char = t;code = 116 char = i;code = 105 char = l;code = 108 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = O;code = 79 char = T;code = 84 char = ;code = 32 char = c;code = 99 char = o;code = 111 char = m;code = 109 char = p;code = 112 char = a;code = 97 char = r;code = 114 char = e;code = 101 char = d;code = 100 char = ;code = 32 char = w;code = 119 char = i;code = 105 char = t;code = 116 char = h;code = 104 char = ;code = 32 char = c;code = 99 char = o;code = 111 char = n;code = 110 char = t;code = 116 char = i;code = 105 char = n;code = 110 char = u;code = 117 char = o;code = 111 char = u;code = 117 char = s;code = 115 char = ;code = 32 char = O;code = 79 char = T;code = 84 char = .;code = 46 char = ;code = 32 char = T;code = 84 char = h;code = 104 char = u;code = 117 char = s;code = 115 char = ,;code = 44 char = ;code = 32 char = p;code = 112 char = u;code = 117 char = l;code = 108 char = s;code = 115 char = a;code = 97 char = t;code = 116 char = i;code = 105 char = l;code = 108 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = O;code = 79 char = T;code = 84 char = ;code = 32 char = n;code = 110 char = o;code = 111 char = t;code = 116 char = ;code = 32 char = o;code = 111 char = n;code = 110 char = l;code = 108 char = y;code = 121 char = ;code = 32 char = i;code = 105 char = s;code = 115 char = ;code = 32 char = s;code = 115 char = a;code = 97 char = f;code = 102 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = a;code = 97 char = n;code = 110 char = d;code = 100 char = ;code = 32 char = r;code = 114 char = e;code = 101 char = q;code = 113 char = u;code = 117 char = i;code = 105 char = r;code = 114 char = e;code = 101 char = s;code = 115 char = ;code = 32 char = l;code = 108 char = e;code = 101 char = s;code = 115 char = s;code = 115 char = ;code = 32 char = O;code = 79 char = T;code = 84 char = ;code = 32 char = f;code = 102 char = o;code = 111 char = r;code = 114 char = ;code = 32 char = u;code = 117 char = t;code = 116 char = e;code = 101 char = r;code = 114 char = i;code = 105 char = n;code = 110 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = s;code = 115 char = t;code = 116 char = i;code = 105 char = m;code = 109 char = u;code = 117 char = l;code = 108 char = a;code = 97 char = t;code = 116 char = i;code = 105 char = o;code = 111 char = n;code = 110 char = ,;code = 44 char = ;code = 32 char = b;code = 98 char = u;code = 117 char = t;code = 116 char = ;code = 32 char = a;code = 97 char = l;code = 108 char = s;code = 115 char = o;code = 111 char = ;code = 32 char = c;code = 99 char = o;code = 111 char = n;code = 110 char = s;code = 115 char = t;code = 116 char = i;code = 105 char = t;code = 116 char = u;code = 117 char = t;code = 116 char = e;code = 101 char = s;code = 115 char = ;code = 32 char = a;code = 97 char = ;code = 32 char = m;code = 109 char = o;code = 111 char = r;code = 114 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = p;code = 112 char = h;code = 104 char = y;code = 121 char = s;code = 115 char = i;code = 105 char = o;code = 111 char = l;code = 108 char = o;code = 111 char = g;code = 103 char = i;code = 105 char = c;code = 99 char = a;code = 97 char = l;code = 108 char = ;code = 32 char = b;code = 98 char = a;code = 97 char = s;code = 115 char = i;code = 105 char = s;code = 115 char = ;code = 32 char = f;code = 102 char = o;code = 111 char = r;code = 114 char = ;code = 32 char = u;code = 117 char = t;code = 116 char = e;code = 101 char = r;code = 114 char = i;code = 105 char = n;code = 110 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = s;code = 115 char = t;code = 116 char = i;code = 105 char = m;code = 109 char = u;code = 117 char = l;code = 108 char = a;code = 97 char = t;code = 116 char = i;code = 105 char = o;code = 111 char = n;code = 110 char = .;code = 46 char = <;code = 60 char = b;code = 98 char = r;code = 114 char = /;code = 47 char = >;code = 62 result sql = New information and understanding about the physiology of oxytocin (OT) have provided the bases of novel and rational approaches to the induction and augmentation of labor with OT. Based on a half-life of 8-10 min and time to steady state of 20 min, the interval between intravenous OT dose increments during uterine stimulation should be 20-30 min. Feto-maternal blood plasma gradients of OT concentration in spontaneous labor at term indicate a feto-uterine flow of 2-4mU OT/min. Labor can be successfully induced in most women with such physiological doses (2-6 mU/min) of OT given intravenously. Direct and indirect evidence show that OT is released in pulses with the frequency and/or amplitude of the pulses increasing with or during spontaneous labor. Further OT interaction with its receptor renders it occupied and temporarily unavailable. We have therefore employed these observations to induce and augment labor with pulsatile intravenous administration of OT. In a prospective randomized study of 106 patients undergoing labor induction with pulsatile versus continuous administration of OT, the total dose, the average dose/min, and the peak or highest dose required/min were significantly reduced with pulsatile OT compared with continuous OT. These significant differences remained when controlled for parity, Bishop's score of cervical ripeness, and the number of days for induction. Similarly in a prospective randomized study on augmentation of labor by intravenous OT, we found the dose of OT for successful augmentation was significantly reduced with pulsatile OT compared with continuous OT. Thus, pulsatile OT not only is safe and requires less OT for uterine stimulation, but also constitutes a more physiological basis for uterine stimulation.
Publication: Adv. Exp. Med. Biol. 1995 ;395:585-94.
Publication Date: 1995
Study Author(s): Dawood, M Y;
Institution: Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, University of Texas Medical School at Houston 77030, USA.
Shortcut link to this study:
New information and understanding about the physiology of oxytocin (OT) have provided the bases of novel and rational approaches to the induction and augmentation of labor with OT. Based on a half-life of 8-10 min and time to steady state of 20 min, the interval between intravenous OT dose increments during uterine stimulation should be 20-30 min. Feto-maternal blood plasma gradients of OT concentration in spontaneous labor at term indicate a feto-uterine flow of 2-4mU OT/min. Labor can be successfully induced in most women with such physiological doses (2-6 mU/min) of OT given intravenously. Direct and indirect evidence show that OT is released in pulses with the frequency and/or amplitude of the pulses increasing with or during spontaneous labor. Further OT interaction with its receptor renders it occupied and temporarily unavailable. We have therefore employed these observations to induce and augment labor with pulsatile intravenous administration of OT. In a prospective randomized study of 106 patients undergoing labor induction with pulsatile versus continuous administration of OT, the total dose, the average dose/min, and the peak or highest dose required/min were significantly reduced with pulsatile OT compared with continuous OT. These significant differences remained when controlled for parity, Bishop's score of cervical ripeness, and the number of days for induction. Similarly in a prospective randomized study on augmentation of labor by intravenous OT, we found the dose of OT for successful augmentation was significantly reduced with pulsatile OT compared with continuous OT. Thus, pulsatile OT not only is safe and requires less OT for uterine stimulation, but also constitutes a more physiological basis for uterine stimulation.
PMID: 8714022