char = B;code = 66 char = r;code = 114 char = a;code = 97 char = i;code = 105 char = n;code = 110 char = s;code = 115 char = t;code = 116 char = e;code = 101 char = m;code = 109 char = ;code = 32 char = s;code = 115 char = t;code = 116 char = i;code = 105 char = m;code = 109 char = u;code = 117 char = l;code = 108 char = a;code = 97 char = t;code = 116 char = i;code = 105 char = o;code = 111 char = n;code = 110 char = ;code = 32 char = d;code = 100 char = u;code = 117 char = r;code = 114 char = i;code = 105 char = n;code = 110 char = g;code = 103 char = ;code = 32 char = s;code = 115 char = l;code = 108 char = e;code = 101 char = e;code = 101 char = p;code = 112 char = ;code = 32 char = e;code = 101 char = v;code = 118 char = o;code = 111 char = k;code = 107 char = e;code = 101 char = s;code = 115 char = ;code = 32 char = a;code = 97 char = b;code = 98 char = n;code = 110 char = o;code = 111 char = r;code = 114 char = m;code = 109 char = a;code = 97 char = l;code = 108 char = ;code = 32 char = r;code = 114 char = h;code = 104 char = y;code = 121 char = t;code = 116 char = h;code = 104 char = m;code = 109 char = i;code = 105 char = c;code = 99 char = ;code = 32 char = a;code = 97 char = c;code = 99 char = t;code = 116 char = i;code = 105 char = v;code = 118 char = i;code = 105 char = t;code = 116 char = y;code = 121 char = ;code = 32 char = i;code = 105 char = n;code = 110 char = ;code = 32 char = t;code = 116 char = h;code = 104 char = a;code = 97 char = l;code = 108 char = a;code = 97 char = m;code = 109 char = i;code = 105 char = c;code = 99 char = ;code = 32 char = n;code = 110 char = e;code = 101 char = u;code = 117 char = r;code = 114 char = o;code = 111 char = n;code = 110 char = s;code = 115 char = ;code = 32 char = i;code = 105 char = n;code = 110 char = ;code = 32 char = f;code = 102 char = e;code = 101 char = l;code = 108 char = i;code = 105 char = n;code = 110 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = p;code = 112 char = e;code = 101 char = n;code = 110 char = i;code = 105 char = c;code = 99 char = i;code = 105 char = l;code = 108 char = l;code = 108 char = i;code = 105 char = n;code = 110 char = ;code = 32 char = e;code = 101 char = p;code = 112 char = i;code = 105 char = l;code = 108 char = e;code = 101 char = p;code = 112 char = s;code = 115 char = y;code = 121 char = .;code = 46 result sql = Brainstem stimulation during sleep evokes abnormal rhythmic activity in thalamic neurons in feline penicillin epilepsy.
Brainstem stimulation during sleep evokes abnormal rhythmic activity in thalamic neurons in feline penicillin epilepsy.char = S;code = 83 char = o;code = 111 char = m;code = 109 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = p;code = 112 char = e;code = 101 char = r;code = 114 char = i;code = 105 char = o;code = 111 char = d;code = 100 char = s;code = 115 char = ;code = 32 char = i;code = 105 char = n;code = 110 char = ;code = 32 char = t;code = 116 char = h;code = 104 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = s;code = 115 char = l;code = 108 char = e;code = 101 char = e;code = 101 char = p;code = 112 char = -;code = 45 char = w;code = 119 char = a;code = 97 char = k;code = 107 char = i;code = 105 char = n;code = 110 char = g;code = 103 char = ;code = 32 char = c;code = 99 char = y;code = 121 char = c;code = 99 char = l;code = 108 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = a;code = 97 char = r;code = 114 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = m;code = 109 char = o;code = 111 char = r;code = 114 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = s;code = 115 char = e;code = 101 char = i;code = 105 char = z;code = 122 char = u;code = 117 char = r;code = 114 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = p;code = 112 char = r;code = 114 char = o;code = 111 char = n;code = 110 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = t;code = 116 char = h;code = 104 char = a;code = 97 char = n;code = 110 char = ;code = 32 char = o;code = 111 char = t;code = 116 char = h;code = 104 char = e;code = 101 char = r;code = 114 char = s;code = 115 char = .;code = 46 char = ;code = 32 char = I;code = 73 char = n;code = 110 char = ;code = 32 char = a;code = 97 char = b;code = 98 char = s;code = 115 char = e;code = 101 char = n;code = 110 char = c;code = 99 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = e;code = 101 char = p;code = 112 char = i;code = 105 char = l;code = 108 char = e;code = 101 char = p;code = 112 char = s;code = 115 char = y;code = 121 char = ,;code = 44 char = ;code = 32 char = t;code = 116 char = r;code = 114 char = a;code = 97 char = n;code = 110 char = s;code = 115 char = i;code = 105 char = t;code = 116 char = i;code = 105 char = o;code = 111 char = n;code = 110 char = ;code = 32 char = p;code = 112 char = e;code = 101 char = r;code = 114 char = i;code = 105 char = o;code = 111 char = d;code = 100 char = s;code = 115 char = ;code = 32 char = b;code = 98 char = e;code = 101 char = t;code = 116 char = w;code = 119 char = e;code = 101 char = e;code = 101 char = n;code = 110 char = ;code = 32 char = n;code = 110 char = o;code = 111 char = n;code = 110 char = r;code = 114 char = a;code = 97 char = p;code = 112 char = i;code = 105 char = d;code = 100 char = -;code = 45 char = e;code = 101 char = y;code = 121 char = e;code = 101 char = -;code = 45 char = m;code = 109 char = o;code = 111 char = v;code = 118 char = e;code = 101 char = m;code = 109 char = e;code = 101 char = n;code = 110 char = t;code = 116 char = ;code = 32 char = (;code = 40 char = n;code = 110 char = o;code = 111 char = n;code = 110 char = R;code = 82 char = E;code = 69 char = M;code = 77 char = );code = 41 char = ;code = 32 char = s;code = 115 char = l;code = 108 char = e;code = 101 char = e;code = 101 char = p;code = 112 char = ;code = 32 char = a;code = 97 char = n;code = 110 char = d;code = 100 char = ;code = 32 char = w;code = 119 char = a;code = 97 char = k;code = 107 char = i;code = 105 char = n;code = 110 char = g;code = 103 char = ;code = 32 char = o;code = 111 char = r;code = 114 char = ;code = 32 char = R;code = 82 char = E;code = 69 char = M;code = 77 char = ;code = 32 char = s;code = 115 char = l;code = 108 char = e;code = 101 char = e;code = 101 char = p;code = 112 char = ;code = 32 char = c;code = 99 char = a;code = 97 char = n;code = 110 char = ;code = 32 char = b;code = 98 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = m;code = 109 char = o;code = 111 char = r;code = 114 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = s;code = 115 char = e;code = 101 char = i;code = 105 char = z;code = 122 char = u;code = 117 char = r;code = 114 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = p;code = 112 char = r;code = 114 char = o;code = 111 char = n;code = 110 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = t;code = 116 char = h;code = 104 char = a;code = 97 char = t;code = 116 char = ;code = 32 char = s;code = 115 char = t;code = 116 char = a;code = 97 char = b;code = 98 char = l;code = 108 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = s;code = 115 char = t;code = 116 char = a;code = 97 char = t;code = 116 char = e;code = 101 char = s;code = 115 char = .;code = 46 char = ;code = 32 char = O;code = 79 char = n;code = 110 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = f;code = 102 char = e;code = 101 char = a;code = 97 char = t;code = 116 char = u;code = 117 char = r;code = 114 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = o;code = 111 char = f;code = 102 char = ;code = 32 char = t;code = 116 char = r;code = 114 char = a;code = 97 char = n;code = 110 char = s;code = 115 char = i;code = 105 char = t;code = 116 char = i;code = 105 char = o;code = 111 char = n;code = 110 char = ;code = 32 char = p;code = 112 char = e;code = 101 char = r;code = 114 char = i;code = 105 char = o;code = 111 char = d;code = 100 char = s;code = 115 char = ;code = 32 char = t;code = 116 char = h;code = 104 char = a;code = 97 char = t;code = 116 char = ;code = 32 char = i;code = 105 char = s;code = 115 char = ;code = 32 char = h;code = 104 char = y;code = 121 char = p;code = 112 char = o;code = 111 char = t;code = 116 char = h;code = 104 char = e;code = 101 char = s;code = 115 char = i;code = 105 char = z;code = 122 char = e;code = 101 char = d;code = 100 char = ;code = 32 char = t;code = 116 char = o;code = 111 char = ;code = 32 char = p;code = 112 char = r;code = 114 char = o;code = 111 char = m;code = 109 char = o;code = 111 char = t;code = 116 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = s;code = 115 char = e;code = 101 char = i;code = 105 char = z;code = 122 char = u;code = 117 char = r;code = 114 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = a;code = 97 char = c;code = 99 char = t;code = 116 char = i;code = 105 char = v;code = 118 char = i;code = 105 char = t;code = 116 char = y;code = 121 char = ;code = 32 char = i;code = 105 char = s;code = 115 char = ;code = 32 char = t;code = 116 char = h;code = 104 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = p;code = 112 char = r;code = 114 char = e;code = 101 char = s;code = 115 char = e;code = 101 char = n;code = 110 char = c;code = 99 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = o;code = 111 char = f;code = 102 char = ;code = 32 char = c;code = 99 char = o;code = 111 char = i;code = 105 char = n;code = 110 char = c;code = 99 char = i;code = 105 char = d;code = 100 char = e;code = 101 char = n;code = 110 char = t;code = 116 char = ;code = 32 char = a;code = 97 char = c;code = 99 char = t;code = 116 char = i;code = 105 char = v;code = 118 char = i;code = 105 char = t;code = 116 char = y;code = 121 char = ;code = 32 char = i;code = 105 char = n;code = 110 char = ;code = 32 char = a;code = 97 char = s;code = 115 char = c;code = 99 char = e;code = 101 char = n;code = 110 char = d;code = 100 char = i;code = 105 char = n;code = 110 char = g;code = 103 char = ;code = 32 char = b;code = 98 char = r;code = 114 char = a;code = 97 char = i;code = 105 char = n;code = 110 char = s;code = 115 char = t;code = 116 char = e;code = 101 char = m;code = 109 char = ;code = 32 char = r;code = 114 char = e;code = 101 char = t;code = 116 char = i;code = 105 char = c;code = 99 char = u;code = 117 char = l;code = 108 char = a;code = 97 char = r;code = 114 char = ;code = 32 char = f;code = 102 char = o;code = 111 char = r;code = 114 char = m;code = 109 char = a;code = 97 char = t;code = 116 char = i;code = 105 char = o;code = 111 char = n;code = 110 char = ;code = 32 char = (;code = 40 char = R;code = 82 char = F;code = 70 char = );code = 41 char = ;code = 32 char = a;code = 97 char = r;code = 114 char = o;code = 111 char = u;code = 117 char = s;code = 115 char = a;code = 97 char = l;code = 108 char = ;code = 32 char = s;code = 115 char = y;code = 121 char = s;code = 115 char = t;code = 116 char = e;code = 101 char = m;code = 109 char = s;code = 115 char = ;code = 32 char = w;code = 119 char = i;code = 105 char = t;code = 116 char = h;code = 104 char = ;code = 32 char = s;code = 115 char = y;code = 121 char = n;code = 110 char = c;code = 99 char = h;code = 104 char = r;code = 114 char = o;code = 111 char = n;code = 110 char = i;code = 105 char = z;code = 122 char = e;code = 101 char = d;code = 100 char = ;code = 32 char = t;code = 116 char = h;code = 104 char = a;code = 97 char = l;code = 108 char = a;code = 97 char = m;code = 109 char = o;code = 111 char = -;code = 45 char = c;code = 99 char = o;code = 111 char = r;code = 114 char = t;code = 116 char = i;code = 105 char = c;code = 99 char = a;code = 97 char = l;code = 108 char = ;code = 32 char = a;code = 97 char = c;code = 99 char = t;code = 116 char = i;code = 105 char = v;code = 118 char = i;code = 105 char = t;code = 116 char = y;code = 121 char = .;code = 46 char = ;code = 32 char = T;code = 84 char = o;code = 111 char = ;code = 32 char = e;code = 101 char = v;code = 118 char = a;code = 97 char = l;code = 108 char = u;code = 117 char = a;code = 97 char = t;code = 116 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = t;code = 116 char = h;code = 104 char = i;code = 105 char = s;code = 115 char = ;code = 32 char = h;code = 104 char = y;code = 121 char = p;code = 112 char = o;code = 111 char = t;code = 116 char = h;code = 104 char = e;code = 101 char = s;code = 115 char = i;code = 105 char = s;code = 115 char = ;code = 32 char = w;code = 119 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = e;code = 101 char = x;code = 120 char = a;code = 97 char = m;code = 109 char = i;code = 105 char = n;code = 110 char = e;code = 101 char = d;code = 100 char = ;code = 32 char = t;code = 116 char = h;code = 104 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = s;code = 115 char = t;code = 116 char = a;code = 97 char = t;code = 116 char = e;code = 101 char = -;code = 45 char = d;code = 100 char = e;code = 101 char = p;code = 112 char = e;code = 101 char = n;code = 110 char = d;code = 100 char = e;code = 101 char = n;code = 110 char = t;code = 116 char = ;code = 32 char = e;code = 101 char = f;code = 102 char = f;code = 102 char = e;code = 101 char = c;code = 99 char = t;code = 116 char = s;code = 115 char = ;code = 32 char = o;code = 111 char = f;code = 102 char = ;code = 32 char = l;code = 108 char = o;code = 111 char = w;code = 119 char = ;code = 32 char = i;code = 105 char = n;code = 110 char = t;code = 116 char = e;code = 101 char = n;code = 110 char = s;code = 115 char = i;code = 105 char = t;code = 116 char = y;code = 121 char = ;code = 32 char = R;code = 82 char = F;code = 70 char = ;code = 32 char = s;code = 115 char = t;code = 116 char = i;code = 105 char = m;code = 109 char = u;code = 117 char = l;code = 108 char = a;code = 97 char = t;code = 116 char = i;code = 105 char = o;code = 111 char = n;code = 110 char = ;code = 32 char = o;code = 111 char = n;code = 110 char = ;code = 32 char = t;code = 116 char = h;code = 104 char = a;code = 97 char = l;code = 108 char = a;code = 97 char = m;code = 109 char = i;code = 105 char = c;code = 99 char = ;code = 32 char = s;code = 115 char = i;code = 105 char = n;code = 110 char = g;code = 103 char = l;code = 108 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = u;code = 117 char = n;code = 110 char = i;code = 105 char = t;code = 116 char = ;code = 32 char = a;code = 97 char = c;code = 99 char = t;code = 116 char = i;code = 105 char = v;code = 118 char = i;code = 105 char = t;code = 116 char = y;code = 121 char = ;code = 32 char = i;code = 105 char = n;code = 110 char = ;code = 32 char = c;code = 99 char = o;code = 111 char = n;code = 110 char = t;code = 116 char = r;code = 114 char = o;code = 111 char = l;code = 108 char = ;code = 32 char = c;code = 99 char = o;code = 111 char = n;code = 110 char = d;code = 100 char = i;code = 105 char = t;code = 116 char = i;code = 105 char = o;code = 111 char = n;code = 110 char = s;code = 115 char = ;code = 32 char = a;code = 97 char = n;code = 110 char = d;code = 100 char = ;code = 32 char = f;code = 102 char = o;code = 111 char = l;code = 108 char = l;code = 108 char = o;code = 111 char = w;code = 119 char = i;code = 105 char = n;code = 110 char = g;code = 103 char = ;code = 32 char = s;code = 115 char = y;code = 121 char = s;code = 115 char = t;code = 116 char = e;code = 101 char = m;code = 109 char = i;code = 105 char = c;code = 99 char = ;code = 32 char = p;code = 112 char = e;code = 101 char = n;code = 110 char = i;code = 105 char = c;code = 99 char = i;code = 105 char = l;code = 108 char = l;code = 108 char = i;code = 105 char = n;code = 110 char = -;code = 45 char = G;code = 71 char = ;code = 32 char = a;code = 97 char = d;code = 100 char = m;code = 109 char = i;code = 105 char = n;code = 110 char = i;code = 105 char = s;code = 115 char = t;code = 116 char = r;code = 114 char = a;code = 97 char = t;code = 116 char = i;code = 105 char = o;code = 111 char = n;code = 110 char = ;code = 32 char = t;code = 116 char = o;code = 111 char = ;code = 32 char = a;code = 97 char = d;code = 100 char = u;code = 117 char = l;code = 108 char = t;code = 116 char = ;code = 32 char = c;code = 99 char = a;code = 97 char = t;code = 116 char = s;code = 115 char = .;code = 46 char = ;code = 32 char = I;code = 73 char = n;code = 110 char = ;code = 32 char = c;code = 99 char = o;code = 111 char = n;code = 110 char = t;code = 116 char = r;code = 114 char = o;code = 111 char = l;code = 108 char = ;code = 32 char = c;code = 99 char = o;code = 111 char = n;code = 110 char = d;code = 100 char = i;code = 105 char = t;code = 116 char = i;code = 105 char = o;code = 111 char = n;code = 110 char = s;code = 115 char = ,;code = 44 char = ;code = 32 char = R;code = 82 char = F;code = 70 char = ;code = 32 char = s;code = 115 char = t;code = 116 char = i;code = 105 char = m;code = 109 char = u;code = 117 char = l;code = 108 char = a;code = 97 char = t;code = 116 char = i;code = 105 char = o;code = 111 char = n;code = 110 char = ;code = 32 char = d;code = 100 char = u;code = 117 char = r;code = 114 char = i;code = 105 char = n;code = 110 char = g;code = 103 char = ;code = 32 char = w;code = 119 char = a;code = 97 char = k;code = 107 char = i;code = 105 char = n;code = 110 char = g;code = 103 char = ;code = 32 char = a;code = 97 char = n;code = 110 char = d;code = 100 char = ;code = 32 char = R;code = 82 char = E;code = 69 char = M;code = 77 char = ;code = 32 char = s;code = 115 char = l;code = 108 char = e;code = 101 char = e;code = 101 char = p;code = 112 char = ;code = 32 char = t;code = 116 char = y;code = 121 char = p;code = 112 char = i;code = 105 char = c;code = 99 char = a;code = 97 char = l;code = 108 char = l;code = 108 char = y;code = 121 char = ;code = 32 char = e;code = 101 char = v;code = 118 char = o;code = 111 char = k;code = 107 char = e;code = 101 char = d;code = 100 char = ;code = 32 char = a;code = 97 char = ;code = 32 char = s;code = 115 char = h;code = 104 char = o;code = 111 char = r;code = 114 char = t;code = 116 char = -;code = 45 char = l;code = 108 char = a;code = 97 char = t;code = 116 char = e;code = 101 char = n;code = 110 char = c;code = 99 char = y;code = 121 char = ;code = 32 char = a;code = 97 char = c;code = 99 char = t;code = 116 char = i;code = 105 char = o;code = 111 char = n;code = 110 char = ;code = 32 char = p;code = 112 char = o;code = 111 char = t;code = 116 char = e;code = 101 char = n;code = 110 char = t;code = 116 char = i;code = 105 char = a;code = 97 char = l;code = 108 char = ;code = 32 char = i;code = 105 char = n;code = 110 char = ;code = 32 char = t;code = 116 char = h;code = 104 char = a;code = 97 char = l;code = 108 char = a;code = 97 char = m;code = 109 char = i;code = 105 char = c;code = 99 char = ;code = 32 char = n;code = 110 char = e;code = 101 char = u;code = 117 char = r;code = 114 char = o;code = 111 char = n;code = 110 char = s;code = 115 char = .;code = 46 char = ;code = 32 char = T;code = 84 char = h;code = 104 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = s;code = 115 char = a;code = 97 char = m;code = 109 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = s;code = 115 char = t;code = 116 char = i;code = 105 char = m;code = 109 char = u;code = 117 char = l;code = 108 char = a;code = 97 char = t;code = 116 char = i;code = 105 char = o;code = 111 char = n;code = 110 char = ;code = 32 char = d;code = 100 char = u;code = 117 char = r;code = 114 char = i;code = 105 char = n;code = 110 char = g;code = 103 char = ;code = 32 char = n;code = 110 char = o;code = 111 char = n;code = 110 char = R;code = 82 char = E;code = 69 char = M;code = 77 char = ;code = 32 char = s;code = 115 char = l;code = 108 char = e;code = 101 char = e;code = 101 char = p;code = 112 char = ;code = 32 char = c;code = 99 char = o;code = 111 char = m;code = 109 char = m;code = 109 char = o;code = 111 char = n;code = 110 char = l;code = 108 char = y;code = 121 char = ;code = 32 char = e;code = 101 char = v;code = 118 char = o;code = 111 char = k;code = 107 char = e;code = 101 char = d;code = 100 char = ;code = 32 char = a;code = 97 char = ;code = 32 char = h;code = 104 char = i;code = 105 char = g;code = 103 char = h;code = 104 char = ;code = 32 char = f;code = 102 char = r;code = 114 char = e;code = 101 char = q;code = 113 char = u;code = 117 char = e;code = 101 char = n;code = 110 char = c;code = 99 char = y;code = 121 char = ;code = 32 char = b;code = 98 char = u;code = 117 char = r;code = 114 char = s;code = 115 char = t;code = 116 char = ;code = 32 char = o;code = 111 char = f;code = 102 char = ;code = 32 char = a;code = 97 char = c;code = 99 char = t;code = 116 char = i;code = 105 char = o;code = 111 char = n;code = 110 char = ;code = 32 char = p;code = 112 char = o;code = 111 char = t;code = 116 char = e;code = 101 char = n;code = 110 char = t;code = 116 char = i;code = 105 char = a;code = 97 char = l;code = 108 char = s;code = 115 char = ;code = 32 char = f;code = 102 char = o;code = 111 char = l;code = 108 char = l;code = 108 char = o;code = 111 char = w;code = 119 char = e;code = 101 char = d;code = 100 char = ;code = 32 char = b;code = 98 char = y;code = 121 char = ;code = 32 char = a;code = 97 char = ;code = 32 char = p;code = 112 char = e;code = 101 char = r;code = 114 char = i;code = 105 char = o;code = 111 char = d;code = 100 char = ;code = 32 char = o;code = 111 char = f;code = 102 char = ;code = 32 char = s;code = 115 char = u;code = 117 char = p;code = 112 char = p;code = 112 char = r;code = 114 char = e;code = 101 char = s;code = 115 char = s;code = 115 char = e;code = 101 char = d;code = 100 char = ;code = 32 char = d;code = 100 char = i;code = 105 char = s;code = 115 char = c;code = 99 char = h;code = 104 char = a;code = 97 char = r;code = 114 char = g;code = 103 char = e;code = 101 char = .;code = 46 char = ;code = 32 char = I;code = 73 char = n;code = 110 char = ;code = 32 char = 1;code = 49 char = 6;code = 54 char = /;code = 47 char = 2;code = 50 char = 6;code = 54 char = ;code = 32 char = n;code = 110 char = e;code = 101 char = u;code = 117 char = r;code = 114 char = o;code = 111 char = n;code = 110 char = s;code = 115 char = ,;code = 44 char = ;code = 32 char = a;code = 97 char = ;code = 32 char = s;code = 115 char = e;code = 101 char = c;code = 99 char = o;code = 111 char = n;code = 110 char = d;code = 100 char = ;code = 32 char = r;code = 114 char = e;code = 101 char = b;code = 98 char = o;code = 111 char = u;code = 117 char = n;code = 110 char = d;code = 100 char = ;code = 32 char = b;code = 98 char = u;code = 117 char = r;code = 114 char = s;code = 115 char = t;code = 116 char = ;code = 32 char = o;code = 111 char = f;code = 102 char = ;code = 32 char = a;code = 97 char = c;code = 99 char = t;code = 116 char = i;code = 105 char = o;code = 111 char = n;code = 110 char = ;code = 32 char = p;code = 112 char = o;code = 111 char = t;code = 116 char = e;code = 101 char = n;code = 110 char = t;code = 116 char = i;code = 105 char = a;code = 97 char = l;code = 108 char = s;code = 115 char = ;code = 32 char = f;code = 102 char = o;code = 111 char = l;code = 108 char = l;code = 108 char = o;code = 111 char = w;code = 119 char = e;code = 101 char = d;code = 100 char = ;code = 32 char = t;code = 116 char = h;code = 104 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = p;code = 112 char = e;code = 101 char = r;code = 114 char = i;code = 105 char = o;code = 111 char = d;code = 100 char = ;code = 32 char = o;code = 111 char = f;code = 102 char = ;code = 32 char = d;code = 100 char = i;code = 105 char = s;code = 115 char = c;code = 99 char = h;code = 104 char = a;code = 97 char = r;code = 114 char = g;code = 103 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = s;code = 115 char = u;code = 117 char = p;code = 112 char = p;code = 112 char = r;code = 114 char = e;code = 101 char = s;code = 115 char = s;code = 115 char = i;code = 105 char = o;code = 111 char = n;code = 110 char = .;code = 46 char = ;code = 32 char = T;code = 84 char = h;code = 104 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = a;code = 97 char = v;code = 118 char = e;code = 101 char = r;code = 114 char = a;code = 97 char = g;code = 103 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = i;code = 105 char = n;code = 110 char = t;code = 116 char = e;code = 101 char = r;code = 114 char = v;code = 118 char = a;code = 97 char = l;code = 108 char = ;code = 32 char = b;code = 98 char = e;code = 101 char = t;code = 116 char = w;code = 119 char = e;code = 101 char = e;code = 101 char = n;code = 110 char = ;code = 32 char = t;code = 116 char = h;code = 104 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = i;code = 105 char = n;code = 110 char = i;code = 105 char = t;code = 116 char = i;code = 105 char = a;code = 97 char = l;code = 108 char = ;code = 32 char = a;code = 97 char = n;code = 110 char = d;code = 100 char = ;code = 32 char = r;code = 114 char = e;code = 101 char = b;code = 98 char = o;code = 111 char = u;code = 117 char = n;code = 110 char = d;code = 100 char = ;code = 32 char = b;code = 98 char = u;code = 117 char = r;code = 114 char = s;code = 115 char = t;code = 116 char = s;code = 115 char = ;code = 32 char = w;code = 119 char = a;code = 97 char = s;code = 115 char = ;code = 32 char = 7;code = 55 char = 5;code = 53 char = .;code = 46 char = 1;code = 49 char = ;code = 32 char = +;code = 43 char = /;code = 47 char = -;code = 45 char = ;code = 32 char = 6;code = 54 char = .;code = 46 char = 0;code = 48 char = ;code = 32 char = m;code = 109 char = s;code = 115 char = ,;code = 44 char = ;code = 32 char = w;code = 119 char = h;code = 104 char = i;code = 105 char = c;code = 99 char = h;code = 104 char = ;code = 32 char = w;code = 119 char = a;code = 97 char = s;code = 115 char = ;code = 32 char = s;code = 115 char = i;code = 105 char = m;code = 109 char = i;code = 105 char = l;code = 108 char = a;code = 97 char = r;code = 114 char = ;code = 32 char = t;code = 116 char = o;code = 111 char = ;code = 32 char = t;code = 116 char = h;code = 104 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = i;code = 105 char = n;code = 110 char = t;code = 116 char = e;code = 101 char = r;code = 114 char = b;code = 98 char = u;code = 117 char = r;code = 114 char = s;code = 115 char = t;code = 116 char = ;code = 32 char = i;code = 105 char = n;code = 110 char = t;code = 116 char = e;code = 101 char = r;code = 114 char = v;code = 118 char = a;code = 97 char = l;code = 108 char = ;code = 32 char = r;code = 114 char = e;code = 101 char = c;code = 99 char = o;code = 111 char = r;code = 114 char = d;code = 100 char = e;code = 101 char = d;code = 100 char = ;code = 32 char = i;code = 105 char = n;code = 110 char = ;code = 32 char = t;code = 116 char = h;code = 104 char = e;code = 101 char = s;code = 115 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = s;code = 115 char = a;code = 97 char = m;code = 109 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = c;code = 99 char = e;code = 101 char = l;code = 108 char = l;code = 108 char = s;code = 115 char = ;code = 32 char = d;code = 100 char = u;code = 117 char = r;code = 114 char = i;code = 105 char = n;code = 110 char = g;code = 103 char = ;code = 32 char = s;code = 115 char = p;code = 112 char = o;code = 111 char = n;code = 110 char = t;code = 116 char = a;code = 97 char = n;code = 110 char = e;code = 101 char = o;code = 111 char = u;code = 117 char = s;code = 115 char = ;code = 32 char = E;code = 69 char = E;code = 69 char = G;code = 71 char = ;code = 32 char = s;code = 115 char = p;code = 112 char = i;code = 105 char = n;code = 110 char = d;code = 100 char = l;code = 108 char = e;code = 101 char = s;code = 115 char = .;code = 46 char = ;code = 32 char = F;code = 70 char = o;code = 111 char = l;code = 108 char = l;code = 108 char = o;code = 111 char = w;code = 119 char = i;code = 105 char = n;code = 110 char = g;code = 103 char = ;code = 32 char = a;code = 97 char = d;code = 100 char = m;code = 109 char = i;code = 105 char = n;code = 110 char = i;code = 105 char = s;code = 115 char = t;code = 116 char = r;code = 114 char = a;code = 97 char = t;code = 116 char = i;code = 105 char = o;code = 111 char = n;code = 110 char = ;code = 32 char = o;code = 111 char = f;code = 102 char = ;code = 32 char = p;code = 112 char = e;code = 101 char = n;code = 110 char = i;code = 105 char = c;code = 99 char = i;code = 105 char = l;code = 108 char = l;code = 108 char = i;code = 105 char = n;code = 110 char = -;code = 45 char = G;code = 71 char = ,;code = 44 char = ;code = 32 char = R;code = 82 char = F;code = 70 char = ;code = 32 char = s;code = 115 char = t;code = 116 char = i;code = 105 char = m;code = 109 char = u;code = 117 char = l;code = 108 char = a;code = 97 char = t;code = 116 char = i;code = 105 char = o;code = 111 char = n;code = 110 char = ;code = 32 char = d;code = 100 char = u;code = 117 char = r;code = 114 char = i;code = 105 char = n;code = 110 char = g;code = 103 char = ;code = 32 char = n;code = 110 char = o;code = 111 char = n;code = 110 char = R;code = 82 char = E;code = 69 char = M;code = 77 char = ;code = 32 char = s;code = 115 char = l;code = 108 char = e;code = 101 char = e;code = 101 char = p;code = 112 char = ;code = 32 char = e;code = 101 char = v;code = 118 char = o;code = 111 char = k;code = 107 char = e;code = 101 char = d;code = 100 char = ;code = 32 char = h;code = 104 char = i;code = 105 char = g;code = 103 char = h;code = 104 char = ;code = 32 char = f;code = 102 char = r;code = 114 char = e;code = 101 char = q;code = 113 char = u;code = 117 char = e;code = 101 char = n;code = 110 char = c;code = 99 char = y;code = 121 char = ;code = 32 char = b;code = 98 char = u;code = 117 char = r;code = 114 char = s;code = 115 char = t;code = 116 char = ;code = 32 char = f;code = 102 char = i;code = 105 char = r;code = 114 char = i;code = 105 char = n;code = 110 char = g;code = 103 char = ,;code = 44 char = ;code = 32 char = f;code = 102 char = o;code = 111 char = l;code = 108 char = l;code = 108 char = o;code = 111 char = w;code = 119 char = e;code = 101 char = d;code = 100 char = ;code = 32 char = b;code = 98 char = y;code = 121 char = ;code = 32 char = 1;code = 49 char = -;code = 45 char = 2;code = 50 char = ;code = 32 char = r;code = 114 char = e;code = 101 char = b;code = 98 char = o;code = 111 char = u;code = 117 char = n;code = 110 char = d;code = 100 char = ;code = 32 char = b;code = 98 char = u;code = 117 char = r;code = 114 char = s;code = 115 char = t;code = 116 char = s;code = 115 char = ;code = 32 char = i;code = 105 char = n;code = 110 char = ;code = 32 char = 2;code = 50 char = 1;code = 49 char = /;code = 47 char = 2;code = 50 char = 2;code = 50 char = ;code = 32 char = t;code = 116 char = h;code = 104 char = a;code = 97 char = l;code = 108 char = a;code = 97 char = m;code = 109 char = i;code = 105 char = c;code = 99 char = ;code = 32 char = n;code = 110 char = e;code = 101 char = u;code = 117 char = r;code = 114 char = o;code = 111 char = n;code = 110 char = s;code = 115 char = .;code = 46 char = ;code = 32 char = T;code = 84 char = h;code = 104 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = a;code = 97 char = v;code = 118 char = e;code = 101 char = r;code = 114 char = a;code = 97 char = g;code = 103 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = e;code = 101 char = v;code = 118 char = o;code = 111 char = k;code = 107 char = e;code = 101 char = d;code = 100 char = ;code = 32 char = i;code = 105 char = n;code = 110 char = t;code = 116 char = e;code = 101 char = r;code = 114 char = b;code = 98 char = u;code = 117 char = r;code = 114 char = s;code = 115 char = t;code = 116 char = ;code = 32 char = i;code = 105 char = n;code = 110 char = t;code = 116 char = e;code = 101 char = r;code = 114 char = v;code = 118 char = a;code = 97 char = l;code = 108 char = ;code = 32 char = w;code = 119 char = a;code = 97 char = s;code = 115 char = ;code = 32 char = 1;code = 49 char = 5;code = 53 char = 2;code = 50 char = .;code = 46 char = 5;code = 53 char = ;code = 32 char = +;code = 43 char = /;code = 47 char = -;code = 45 char = ;code = 32 char = 7;code = 55 char = .;code = 46 char = 3;code = 51 char = ;code = 32 char = m;code = 109 char = s;code = 115 char = ,;code = 44 char = ;code = 32 char = a;code = 97 char = ;code = 32 char = v;code = 118 char = a;code = 97 char = l;code = 108 char = u;code = 117 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = c;code = 99 char = o;code = 111 char = m;code = 109 char = p;code = 112 char = a;code = 97 char = r;code = 114 char = a;code = 97 char = b;code = 98 char = l;code = 108 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = t;code = 116 char = o;code = 111 char = ;code = 32 char = t;code = 116 char = h;code = 104 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = i;code = 105 char = n;code = 110 char = t;code = 116 char = e;code = 101 char = r;code = 114 char = b;code = 98 char = u;code = 117 char = r;code = 114 char = s;code = 115 char = t;code = 116 char = ;code = 32 char = i;code = 105 char = n;code = 110 char = t;code = 116 char = e;code = 101 char = r;code = 114 char = v;code = 118 char = a;code = 97 char = l;code = 108 char = ;code = 32 char = d;code = 100 char = i;code = 105 char = s;code = 115 char = p;code = 112 char = l;code = 108 char = a;code = 97 char = y;code = 121 char = e;code = 101 char = d;code = 100 char = ;code = 32 char = b;code = 98 char = y;code = 121 char = ;code = 32 char = t;code = 116 char = h;code = 104 char = e;code = 101 char = s;code = 115 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = s;code = 115 char = a;code = 97 char = m;code = 109 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = c;code = 99 char = e;code = 101 char = l;code = 108 char = l;code = 108 char = s;code = 115 char = ;code = 32 char = d;code = 100 char = u;code = 117 char = r;code = 114 char = i;code = 105 char = n;code = 110 char = g;code = 103 char = ;code = 32 char = s;code = 115 char = p;code = 112 char = o;code = 111 char = n;code = 110 char = t;code = 116 char = a;code = 97 char = n;code = 110 char = e;code = 101 char = o;code = 111 char = u;code = 117 char = s;code = 115 char = ;code = 32 char = s;code = 115 char = p;code = 112 char = i;code = 105 char = k;code = 107 char = e;code = 101 char = -;code = 45 char = w;code = 119 char = a;code = 97 char = v;code = 118 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = s;code = 115 char = e;code = 101 char = i;code = 105 char = z;code = 122 char = u;code = 117 char = r;code = 114 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = a;code = 97 char = c;code = 99 char = t;code = 116 char = i;code = 105 char = v;code = 118 char = i;code = 105 char = t;code = 116 char = y;code = 121 char = ;code = 32 char = (;code = 40 char = 1;code = 49 char = 5;code = 53 char = 7;code = 55 char = .;code = 46 char = 8;code = 56 char = ;code = 32 char = +;code = 43 char = /;code = 47 char = -;code = 45 char = ;code = 32 char = 8;code = 56 char = .;code = 46 char = 7;code = 55 char = ;code = 32 char = m;code = 109 char = s;code = 115 char = );code = 41 char = .;code = 46 char = ;code = 32 char = R;code = 82 char = F;code = 70 char = -;code = 45 char = e;code = 101 char = v;code = 118 char = o;code = 111 char = k;code = 107 char = e;code = 101 char = d;code = 100 char = ;code = 32 char = r;code = 114 char = h;code = 104 char = y;code = 121 char = t;code = 116 char = h;code = 104 char = m;code = 109 char = i;code = 105 char = c;code = 99 char = ;code = 32 char = d;code = 100 char = i;code = 105 char = s;code = 115 char = c;code = 99 char = h;code = 104 char = a;code = 97 char = r;code = 114 char = g;code = 103 char = e;code = 101 char = s;code = 115 char = ;code = 32 char = w;code = 119 char = e;code = 101 char = r;code = 114 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = d;code = 100 char = e;code = 101 char = p;code = 112 char = e;code = 101 char = n;code = 110 char = d;code = 100 char = e;code = 101 char = n;code = 110 char = t;code = 116 char = ;code = 32 char = u;code = 117 char = p;code = 112 char = o;code = 111 char = n;code = 110 char = ;code = 32 char = t;code = 116 char = h;code = 104 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = p;code = 112 char = r;code = 114 char = e;code = 101 char = s;code = 115 char = e;code = 101 char = n;code = 110 char = c;code = 99 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = o;code = 111 char = f;code = 102 char = ;code = 32 char = t;code = 116 char = h;code = 104 char = a;code = 97 char = l;code = 108 char = a;code = 97 char = m;code = 109 char = o;code = 111 char = c;code = 99 char = o;code = 111 char = r;code = 114 char = t;code = 116 char = i;code = 105 char = c;code = 99 char = a;code = 97 char = l;code = 108 char = ;code = 32 char = s;code = 115 char = y;code = 121 char = n;code = 110 char = c;code = 99 char = h;code = 104 char = r;code = 114 char = o;code = 111 char = n;code = 110 char = i;code = 105 char = z;code = 122 char = a;code = 97 char = t;code = 116 char = i;code = 105 char = o;code = 111 char = n;code = 110 char = ,;code = 44 char = ;code = 32 char = a;code = 97 char = s;code = 115 char = ;code = 32 char = r;code = 114 char = e;code = 101 char = s;code = 115 char = p;code = 112 char = o;code = 111 char = n;code = 110 char = s;code = 115 char = e;code = 101 char = s;code = 115 char = ;code = 32 char = e;code = 101 char = v;code = 118 char = o;code = 111 char = k;code = 107 char = e;code = 101 char = d;code = 100 char = ;code = 32 char = d;code = 100 char = u;code = 117 char = r;code = 114 char = i;code = 105 char = n;code = 110 char = g;code = 103 char = ;code = 32 char = w;code = 119 char = a;code = 97 char = k;code = 107 char = i;code = 105 char = n;code = 110 char = g;code = 103 char = ;code = 32 char = a;code = 97 char = n;code = 110 char = d;code = 100 char = ;code = 32 char = R;code = 82 char = E;code = 69 char = M;code = 77 char = ;code = 32 char = s;code = 115 char = l;code = 108 char = e;code = 101 char = e;code = 101 char = p;code = 112 char = ;code = 32 char = i;code = 105 char = n;code = 110 char = ;code = 32 char = p;code = 112 char = e;code = 101 char = n;code = 110 char = i;code = 105 char = c;code = 99 char = i;code = 105 char = l;code = 108 char = l;code = 108 char = i;code = 105 char = n;code = 110 char = ;code = 32 char = t;code = 116 char = r;code = 114 char = e;code = 101 char = a;code = 97 char = t;code = 116 char = e;code = 101 char = d;code = 100 char = ;code = 32 char = c;code = 99 char = a;code = 97 char = t;code = 116 char = s;code = 115 char = ;code = 32 char = w;code = 119 char = e;code = 101 char = r;code = 114 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = s;code = 115 char = i;code = 105 char = m;code = 109 char = i;code = 105 char = l;code = 108 char = a;code = 97 char = r;code = 114 char = ;code = 32 char = t;code = 116 char = o;code = 111 char = ;code = 32 char = t;code = 116 char = h;code = 104 char = o;code = 111 char = s;code = 115 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = o;code = 111 char = b;code = 98 char = s;code = 115 char = e;code = 101 char = r;code = 114 char = v;code = 118 char = e;code = 101 char = d;code = 100 char = ;code = 32 char = i;code = 105 char = n;code = 110 char = ;code = 32 char = c;code = 99 char = o;code = 111 char = n;code = 110 char = t;code = 116 char = r;code = 114 char = o;code = 111 char = l;code = 108 char = ;code = 32 char = c;code = 99 char = o;code = 111 char = n;code = 110 char = d;code = 100 char = i;code = 105 char = t;code = 116 char = i;code = 105 char = o;code = 111 char = n;code = 110 char = s;code = 115 char = .;code = 46 char = <;code = 60 char = b;code = 98 char = r;code = 114 char = /;code = 47 char = >;code = 62 result sql = Some periods in the sleep-waking cycle are more seizure prone than others. In absence epilepsy, transition periods between nonrapid-eye-movement (nonREM) sleep and waking or REM sleep can be more seizure prone that stable states. One feature of transition periods that is hypothesized to promote seizure activity is the presence of coincident activity in ascending brainstem reticular formation (RF) arousal systems with synchronized thalamo-cortical activity. To evaluate this hypothesis we examined the state-dependent effects of low intensity RF stimulation on thalamic single unit activity in control conditions and following systemic penicillin-G administration to adult cats. In control conditions, RF stimulation during waking and REM sleep typically evoked a short-latency action potential in thalamic neurons. The same stimulation during nonREM sleep commonly evoked a high frequency burst of action potentials followed by a period of suppressed discharge. In 16/26 neurons, a second rebound burst of action potentials followed the period of discharge suppression. The average interval between the initial and rebound bursts was 75.1 +/- 6.0 ms, which was similar to the interburst interval recorded in these same cells during spontaneous EEG spindles. Following administration of penicillin-G, RF stimulation during nonREM sleep evoked high frequency burst firing, followed by 1-2 rebound bursts in 21/22 thalamic neurons. The average evoked interburst interval was 152.5 +/- 7.3 ms, a value comparable to the interburst interval displayed by these same cells during spontaneous spike-wave seizure activity (157.8 +/- 8.7 ms). RF-evoked rhythmic discharges were dependent upon the presence of thalamocortical synchronization, as responses evoked during waking and REM sleep in penicillin treated cats were similar to those observed in control conditions.
Publication: Brain Res. 1996 Mar 25 ;713(1-2)::253-60.
Publication Date: 1996 Mar 25
Study Author(s): Szymusiak, R;Shouse, M N;McGinty, D;
Institution: Department of Medicine, Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Sepulveda, CA, USA.
Shortcut link to this study:
Some periods in the sleep-waking cycle are more seizure prone than others. In absence epilepsy, transition periods between nonrapid-eye-movement (nonREM) sleep and waking or REM sleep can be more seizure prone that stable states. One feature of transition periods that is hypothesized to promote seizure activity is the presence of coincident activity in ascending brainstem reticular formation (RF) arousal systems with synchronized thalamo-cortical activity. To evaluate this hypothesis we examined the state-dependent effects of low intensity RF stimulation on thalamic single unit activity in control conditions and following systemic penicillin-G administration to adult cats. In control conditions, RF stimulation during waking and REM sleep typically evoked a short-latency action potential in thalamic neurons. The same stimulation during nonREM sleep commonly evoked a high frequency burst of action potentials followed by a period of suppressed discharge. In 16/26 neurons, a second rebound burst of action potentials followed the period of discharge suppression. The average interval between the initial and rebound bursts was 75.1 +/- 6.0 ms, which was similar to the interburst interval recorded in these same cells during spontaneous EEG spindles. Following administration of penicillin-G, RF stimulation during nonREM sleep evoked high frequency burst firing, followed by 1-2 rebound bursts in 21/22 thalamic neurons. The average evoked interburst interval was 152.5 +/- 7.3 ms, a value comparable to the interburst interval displayed by these same cells during spontaneous spike-wave seizure activity (157.8 +/- 8.7 ms). RF-evoked rhythmic discharges were dependent upon the presence of thalamocortical synchronization, as responses evoked during waking and REM sleep in penicillin treated cats were similar to those observed in control conditions.
PMID: 8724998