char = G;code = 71
char = l;code = 108
char = u;code = 117
char = t;code = 116
char = a;code = 97
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = i;code = 105
char = o;code = 111
char = n;code = 110
char = e;code = 101
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char = S;code = 83
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char = t;code = 116
char = r;code = 114
char = a;code = 97
char = n;code = 110
char = s;code = 115
char = f;code = 102
char = e;code = 101
char = r;code = 114
char = a;code = 97
char = s;code = 115
char = e;code = 101
char = s;code = 115
char = ;code = 32
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
char = w;code = 119
char = i;code = 105
char = l;code = 108
char = d;code = 100
char = -;code = 45
char = t;code = 116
char = y;code = 121
char = p;code = 112
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = n;code = 110
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = d;code = 100
char = o;code = 111
char = x;code = 120
char = o;code = 111
char = r;code = 114
char = u;code = 117
char = b;code = 98
char = i;code = 105
char = c;code = 99
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = -;code = 45
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = s;code = 115
char = i;code = 105
char = s;code = 115
char = t;code = 116
char = a;code = 97
char = n;code = 110
char = t;code = 116
char = ;code = 32
char = M;code = 77
char = C;code = 67
char = F;code = 70
char = -;code = 45
char = 7;code = 55
char = ;code = 32
char = h;code = 104
char = u;code = 117
char = m;code = 109
char = a;code = 97
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
char = b;code = 98
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = a;code = 97
char = s;code = 115
char = t;code = 116
char = ;code = 32
char = c;code = 99
char = a;code = 97
char = n;code = 110
char = c;code = 99
char = e;code = 101
char = r;code = 114
char = ;code = 32
char = c;code = 99
char = e;code = 101
char = l;code = 108
char = l;code = 108
char = ;code = 32
char = l;code = 108
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = e;code = 101
char = s;code = 115
char = .;code = 46
result sql = Glutathione S-transferases in wild-type and doxorubicin-resistant MCF-7 human breast cancer cell lines.
Glutathione S-transferases in wild-type and doxorubicin-resistant MCF-7 human breast cancer cell lines.
char = 1;code = 49
char = .;code = 46
char = ;code = 32
char = O;code = 79
char = v;code = 118
char = e;code = 101
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = x;code = 120
char = p;code = 112
char = r;code = 114
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char = s;code = 115
char = s;code = 115
char = i;code = 105
char = o;code = 111
char = n;code = 110
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char = o;code = 111
char = f;code = 102
char = ;code = 32
char = g;code = 103
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char = u;code = 117
char = t;code = 116
char = a;code = 97
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = i;code = 105
char = o;code = 111
char = n;code = 110
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = S;code = 83
char = -;code = 45
char = t;code = 116
char = r;code = 114
char = a;code = 97
char = n;code = 110
char = s;code = 115
char = f;code = 102
char = e;code = 101
char = r;code = 114
char = a;code = 97
char = s;code = 115
char = e;code = 101
char = s;code = 115
char = ;code = 32
char = (;code = 40
char = G;code = 71
char = S;code = 83
char = T;code = 84
char = );code = 41
char = ;code = 32
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
char = b;code = 98
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = a;code = 97
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char = t;code = 116
char = ;code = 32
char = c;code = 99
char = a;code = 97
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char = c;code = 99
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char = e;code = 101
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char = l;code = 108
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char = i;code = 105
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char = h;code = 104
char = y;code = 121
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char = z;code = 122
char = e;code = 101
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = o;code = 111
char = ;code = 32
char = b;code = 98
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char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
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char = c;code = 99
char = o;code = 111
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char = p;code = 112
char = o;code = 111
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char = o;code = 111
char = f;code = 102
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = e;code = 101
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char = m;code = 109
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char = i;code = 105
char = f;code = 102
char = a;code = 97
char = c;code = 99
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char = a;code = 97
char = l;code = 108
char = ;code = 32
char = d;code = 100
char = o;code = 111
char = x;code = 120
char = o;code = 111
char = r;code = 114
char = u;code = 117
char = b;code = 98
char = i;code = 105
char = c;code = 99
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = -;code = 45
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
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char = s;code = 115
char = t;code = 116
char = a;code = 97
char = n;code = 110
char = t;code = 116
char = ;code = 32
char = p;code = 112
char = h;code = 104
char = e;code = 101
char = n;code = 110
char = o;code = 111
char = t;code = 116
char = y;code = 121
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char = e;code = 101
char = .;code = 46
char = ;code = 32
char = 2;code = 50
char = .;code = 46
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char = W;code = 87
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char = a;code = 97
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char = s;code = 115
char = s;code = 115
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char = o;code = 111
char = n;code = 110
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char = o;code = 111
char = f;code = 102
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char = G;code = 71
char = S;code = 83
char = T;code = 84
char = ;code = 32
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char = y;code = 121
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char = e;code = 101
char = s;code = 115
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char = a;code = 97
char = t;code = 116
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = e;code = 101
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char = c;code = 99
char = a;code = 97
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char = a;code = 97
char = l;code = 108
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char = a;code = 97
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char = a;code = 97
char = n;code = 110
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = m;code = 109
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char = N;code = 78
char = A;code = 65
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char = e;code = 101
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char = i;code = 105
char = l;code = 108
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char = e;code = 101
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char = M;code = 77
char = C;code = 67
char = F;code = 70
char = -;code = 45
char = 7;code = 55
char = ;code = 32
char = (;code = 40
char = M;code = 77
char = C;code = 67
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char = /;code = 47
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char = T;code = 84
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char = h;code = 104
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char = m;code = 109
char = a;code = 97
char = n;code = 110
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char = b;code = 98
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char = e;code = 101
char = a;code = 97
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char = ;code = 32
char = c;code = 99
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char = n;code = 110
char = c;code = 99
char = e;code = 101
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char = c;code = 99
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char = l;code = 108
char = l;code = 108
char = s;code = 115
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char = a;code = 97
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char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
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char = l;code = 108
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char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = s;code = 115
char = e;code = 101
char = l;code = 108
char = e;code = 101
char = c;code = 99
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char = e;code = 101
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
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char = r;code = 114
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char = s;code = 115
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char = d;code = 100
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char = o;code = 111
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char = c;code = 99
char = i;code = 105
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char = ;code = 32
char = (;code = 40
char = M;code = 77
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char = A;code = 65
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char = R;code = 82
char = );code = 41
char = ,;code = 44
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char = w;code = 119
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char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
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char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = e;code = 101
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char = g;code = 103
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char = a;code = 97
char = l;code = 108
char = ;code = 32
char = o;code = 111
char = f;code = 102
char = ;code = 32
char = m;code = 109
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char = d;code = 100
char = u;code = 117
char = l;code = 108
char = a;code = 97
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
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char = ;code = 32
char = G;code = 71
char = S;code = 83
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char = i;code = 105
char = v;code = 118
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char = o;code = 111
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char = .;code = 46
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char = 3;code = 51
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char = T;code = 84
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char = c;code = 99
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char = 0;code = 48
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char = r;code = 114
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char = M;code = 77
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char = M;code = 77
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result sql = 1. Overexpression of glutathione S-transferases (GST) in breast cancer cells is hypothesized to be a component of the multifactorial doxorubicin-resistant phenotype. 2. We have characterized the expression of GST enzymes at the catalytic activity, protein and mRNA levels in wild-type MCF-7 (MCF-7/WT) human breast cancer cells and a line selected for resistance to doxorubicin (MCF-7/ADR), with the goal of modulating GST activity to overcome resistance. 3. The MCF-7/ADR cells were 30-65-fold more resistant to doxorubicin than the MCF-7/WT cells. 4. Total cytosolic GST catalytic activity was elevated 23-fold in the MCF-7/ADR cells as compared with the MCF-7/WT cells, and the MCF-7/ADR cells also showed 3-fold increases in catalytic activity toward GST mu and alpha class-selective substrates. Neither cell line showed detectable catalytic activity with a GST mu class-selective substrate. 5. MCF-7/ADR cells showed pronounced overexpression of GST mu protein and GST P1 mRNA in comparison with the wild-type cell line. Neither cell line displayed detectable GST alpha or mu at the protein level. 6. A glutathione analogue that functions as a selective GST alpha inhibitor was more potent at inhibiting total cytosolic GST catalytic activity in the MCF-7/ADR cell line than GST alpha and mu class-selective inhibitory glutathione analogues and the non-selective GST inhibitor ethacrynic acid. 7. The multidrug resistance-associated protein, which can function as a glutathione-conjugate transporter, appeared weakly overexpressed in the MCF-7/ADR cells in comparison with the MCF-7/WT cells.

Publication: Xenobiotica 1999 Feb ;29(2)::155-70.
Publication Date: 1999 Feb
Study Author(s): Wang, K;Ramji, S;Bhathena, A;Lee, C;Riddick, D S;
Institution: Department of Pharmacology, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
Shortcut link to this study:
1. Overexpression of glutathione S-transferases (GST) in breast cancer cells is hypothesized to be a component of the multifactorial doxorubicin-resistant phenotype. 2. We have characterized the expression of GST enzymes at the catalytic activity, protein and mRNA levels in wild-type MCF-7 (MCF-7/WT) human breast cancer cells and a line selected for resistance to doxorubicin (MCF-7/ADR), with the goal of modulating GST activity to overcome resistance. 3. The MCF-7/ADR cells were 30-65-fold more resistant to doxorubicin than the MCF-7/WT cells. 4. Total cytosolic GST catalytic activity was elevated 23-fold in the MCF-7/ADR cells as compared with the MCF-7/WT cells, and the MCF-7/ADR cells also showed 3-fold increases in catalytic activity toward GST mu and alpha class-selective substrates. Neither cell line showed detectable catalytic activity with a GST mu class-selective substrate. 5. MCF-7/ADR cells showed pronounced overexpression of GST mu protein and GST P1 mRNA in comparison with the wild-type cell line. Neither cell line displayed detectable GST alpha or mu at the protein level. 6. A glutathione analogue that functions as a selective GST alpha inhibitor was more potent at inhibiting total cytosolic GST catalytic activity in the MCF-7/ADR cell line than GST alpha and mu class-selective inhibitory glutathione analogues and the non-selective GST inhibitor ethacrynic acid. 7. The multidrug resistance-associated protein, which can function as a glutathione-conjugate transporter, appeared weakly overexpressed in the MCF-7/ADR cells in comparison with the MCF-7/WT cells.
PMID: 10199592

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