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result sql = Effects of fat source and copper on unsaturation of blood and milk triacylglycerol fatty acids in Holstein and Jersey cows.
Effects of fat source and copper on unsaturation of blood and milk triacylglycerol fatty acids in Holstein and Jersey cows.
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char = d;code = 100
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char = r;code = 114
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char = n;code = 110
char = s;code = 115
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char = C;code = 67
char = 1;code = 49
char = 8;code = 56
char = :;code = 58
char = 1;code = 49
char = ,;code = 44
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
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char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = c;code = 99
char = o;code = 111
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char = j;code = 106
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char = g;code = 103
char = a;code = 97
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char = e;code = 101
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = l;code = 108
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = o;code = 111
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char = e;code = 101
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char = c;code = 99
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char = a;code = 97
char = c;code = 99
char = i;code = 105
char = d;code = 100
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char = e;code = 101
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char = e;code = 101
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char = l;code = 108
char = o;code = 111
char = w;code = 119
char = e;code = 101
char = r;code = 114
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char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
char = m;code = 109
char = i;code = 105
char = l;code = 108
char = k;code = 107
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char = f;code = 102
char = a;code = 97
char = t;code = 116
char = ;code = 32
char = o;code = 111
char = f;code = 102
char = ;code = 32
char = J;code = 74
char = e;code = 101
char = r;code = 114
char = s;code = 115
char = e;code = 101
char = y;code = 121
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char = c;code = 99
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char = m;code = 109
char = p;code = 112
char = a;code = 97
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = w;code = 119
char = i;code = 105
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = ;code = 32
char = H;code = 72
char = o;code = 111
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char = s;code = 115
char = t;code = 116
char = e;code = 101
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
char = c;code = 99
char = o;code = 111
char = w;code = 119
char = s;code = 115
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char = G;code = 71
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char = n;code = 110
char = e;code = 101
char = r;code = 114
char = a;code = 97
char = l;code = 108
char = l;code = 108
char = y;code = 121
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char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = e;code = 101
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char = e;code = 101
char = f;code = 102
char = f;code = 102
char = e;code = 101
char = c;code = 99
char = t;code = 116
char = s;code = 115
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char = o;code = 111
char = f;code = 102
char = ;code = 32
char = c;code = 99
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char = p;code = 112
char = p;code = 112
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char = r;code = 114
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char = d;code = 100
char = e;code = 101
char = p;code = 112
char = l;code = 108
char = e;code = 101
char = t;code = 116
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char = o;code = 111
char = n;code = 110
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char = w;code = 119
char = e;code = 101
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = l;code = 108
char = e;code = 101
char = s;code = 115
char = s;code = 115
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = p;code = 112
char = p;code = 112
char = a;code = 97
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = n;code = 110
char = t;code = 116
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char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
char = m;code = 109
char = i;code = 105
char = l;code = 108
char = k;code = 107
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char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = a;code = 97
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
char = p;code = 112
char = l;code = 108
char = a;code = 97
char = s;code = 115
char = m;code = 109
char = a;code = 97
char = .;code = 46
char = ;code = 32
char = C;code = 67
char = o;code = 111
char = p;code = 112
char = p;code = 112
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char = r;code = 114
char = ;code = 32
char = d;code = 100
char = e;code = 101
char = p;code = 112
char = l;code = 108
char = e;code = 101
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = o;code = 111
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = c;code = 99
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = a;code = 97
char = s;code = 115
char = e;code = 101
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = C;code = 67
char = 4;code = 52
char = :;code = 58
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char = ,;code = 44
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char = t;code = 116
char = r;code = 114
char = a;code = 97
char = n;code = 110
char = s;code = 115
char = -;code = 45
char = C;code = 67
char = 1;code = 49
char = 8;code = 56
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char = 1;code = 49
char = ,;code = 44
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = n;code = 110
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = c;code = 99
char = o;code = 111
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char = j;code = 106
char = u;code = 117
char = g;code = 103
char = a;code = 97
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char = e;code = 101
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = l;code = 108
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = o;code = 111
char = l;code = 108
char = e;code = 101
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char = c;code = 99
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char = a;code = 97
char = c;code = 99
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char = d;code = 100
char = ,;code = 44
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
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char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = d;code = 100
char = e;code = 101
char = c;code = 99
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = a;code = 97
char = s;code = 115
char = e;code = 101
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = C;code = 67
char = 1;code = 49
char = 6;code = 54
char = :;code = 58
char = 1;code = 49
char = ;code = 32
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
char = m;code = 109
char = i;code = 105
char = l;code = 108
char = k;code = 107
char = .;code = 46
char = ;code = 32
char = F;code = 70
char = e;code = 101
char = e;code = 101
char = d;code = 100
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = g;code = 103
char = ;code = 32
char = w;code = 119
char = h;code = 104
char = o;code = 111
char = l;code = 108
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = s;code = 115
char = o;code = 111
char = y;code = 121
char = b;code = 98
char = e;code = 101
char = a;code = 97
char = n;code = 110
char = s;code = 115
char = ;code = 32
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = c;code = 99
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = a;code = 97
char = s;code = 115
char = e;code = 101
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = C;code = 67
char = 4;code = 52
char = :;code = 58
char = 0;code = 48
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = o;code = 111
char = ;code = 32
char = C;code = 67
char = 1;code = 49
char = 4;code = 52
char = :;code = 58
char = 0;code = 48
char = ,;code = 44
char = ;code = 32
char = C;code = 67
char = 1;code = 49
char = 8;code = 56
char = :;code = 58
char = 0;code = 48
char = ,;code = 44
char = ;code = 32
char = C;code = 67
char = 1;code = 49
char = 8;code = 56
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char = 2;code = 50
char = ,;code = 44
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
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char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = C;code = 67
char = 1;code = 49
char = 8;code = 56
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char = 3;code = 51
char = ,;code = 44
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
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char = d;code = 100
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char = d;code = 100
char = e;code = 101
char = c;code = 99
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char = e;code = 101
char = a;code = 97
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char = e;code = 101
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = C;code = 67
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char = 4;code = 52
char = :;code = 58
char = 1;code = 49
char = ,;code = 44
char = ;code = 32
char = C;code = 67
char = 1;code = 49
char = 6;code = 54
char = :;code = 58
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char = ,;code = 44
char = ;code = 32
char = C;code = 67
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char = ,;code = 44
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
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char = ;code = 32
char = c;code = 99
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char = s;code = 115
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char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
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char = d;code = 100
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char = t;code = 116
char = r;code = 114
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char = s;code = 115
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char = C;code = 67
char = 1;code = 49
char = 8;code = 56
char = :;code = 58
char = 1;code = 49
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char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
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char = m;code = 109
char = i;code = 105
char = l;code = 108
char = k;code = 107
char = .;code = 46
char = ;code = 32
char = B;code = 66
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char = e;code = 101
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char = ;code = 32
char = f;code = 102
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char = ;code = 32
char = i;code = 105
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char = e;code = 101
char = r;code = 114
char = a;code = 97
char = c;code = 99
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char = i;code = 105
char = o;code = 111
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char = s;code = 115
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char = c;code = 99
char = c;code = 99
char = u;code = 117
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char = e;code = 101
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = f;code = 102
char = o;code = 111
char = r;code = 114
char = ;code = 32
char = C;code = 67
char = 4;code = 52
char = :;code = 58
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char = ,;code = 44
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char = C;code = 67
char = 1;code = 49
char = 4;code = 52
char = :;code = 58
char = 1;code = 49
char = ,;code = 44
char = ;code = 32
char = C;code = 67
char = 1;code = 49
char = 6;code = 54
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char = ,;code = 44
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
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char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = c;code = 99
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char = j;code = 106
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char = g;code = 103
char = a;code = 97
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char = e;code = 101
char = d;code = 100
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char = l;code = 108
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = o;code = 111
char = l;code = 108
char = e;code = 101
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char = c;code = 99
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char = c;code = 99
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char = d;code = 100
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char = i;code = 105
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char = m;code = 109
char = i;code = 105
char = l;code = 108
char = k;code = 107
char = .;code = 46
char = ;code = 32
char = C;code = 67
char = o;code = 111
char = p;code = 112
char = p;code = 112
char = e;code = 101
char = r;code = 114
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char = s;code = 115
char = t;code = 116
char = a;code = 97
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char = u;code = 117
char = s;code = 115
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char = f;code = 102
char = a;code = 97
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char = ;code = 32
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char = u;code = 117
char = r;code = 114
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char = e;code = 101
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char = o;code = 111
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char = c;code = 99
char = u;code = 117
char = r;code = 114
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = f;code = 102
char = o;code = 111
char = r;code = 114
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char = t;code = 116
char = r;code = 114
char = a;code = 97
char = n;code = 110
char = s;code = 115
char = -;code = 45
char = C;code = 67
char = 1;code = 49
char = 8;code = 56
char = :;code = 58
char = 1;code = 49
char = .;code = 46
char = ;code = 32
char = T;code = 84
char = h;code = 104
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = b;code = 98
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char = e;code = 101
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char = c;code = 99
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char = p;code = 112
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char = s;code = 115
char = t;code = 116
char = a;code = 97
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char = u;code = 117
char = s;code = 115
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char = e;code = 101
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char = a;code = 97
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char = i;code = 105
char = o;code = 111
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char = a;code = 97
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char = p;code = 112
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char = e;code = 101
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char = m;code = 109
char = i;code = 105
char = l;code = 108
char = k;code = 107
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char = f;code = 102
char = a;code = 97
char = t;code = 116
char = ;code = 32
char = f;code = 102
char = o;code = 111
char = r;code = 114
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char = C;code = 67
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char = 6;code = 54
char = :;code = 58
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char = a;code = 97
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char = C;code = 67
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char = e;code = 101
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char = m;code = 109
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char = l;code = 108
char = k;code = 107
char = .;code = 46
char = ;code = 32
char = B;code = 66
char = o;code = 111
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = ;code = 32
char = C;code = 67
char = 1;code = 49
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char = t;code = 116
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char = a;code = 97
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char = s;code = 115
char = -;code = 45
char = C;code = 67
char = 1;code = 49
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char = :;code = 58
char = 1;code = 49
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char = w;code = 119
char = e;code = 101
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char = a;code = 97
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char = e;code = 101
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char = b;code = 98
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char = m;code = 109
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char = s;code = 115
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char = e;code = 101
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char = e;code = 101
char = v;code = 118
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char = i;code = 105
char = o;code = 111
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char = o;code = 111
char = f;code = 102
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char = C;code = 67
char = 1;code = 49
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char = :;code = 58
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char = a;code = 97
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char = e;code = 101
char = a;code = 97
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char = u;code = 117
char = r;code = 114
char = a;code = 97
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = o;code = 111
char = n;code = 110
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char = o;code = 111
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char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = r;code = 114
char = a;code = 97
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char = s;code = 115
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char = C;code = 67
char = 1;code = 49
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char = :;code = 58
char = 1;code = 49
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char = a;code = 97
char = c;code = 99
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char = e;code = 101
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char = p;code = 112
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char = a;code = 97
char = t;code = 116
char = e;code = 101
char = a;code = 97
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char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = a;code = 97
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char = c;code = 99
char = o;code = 111
char = u;code = 117
char = l;code = 108
char = d;code = 100
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char = h;code = 104
char = a;code = 97
char = v;code = 118
char = e;code = 101
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char = b;code = 98
char = e;code = 101
char = e;code = 101
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char = c;code = 99
char = a;code = 97
char = u;code = 117
char = s;code = 115
char = e;code = 101
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = b;code = 98
char = y;code = 121
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char = p;code = 112
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char = t;code = 116
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char = a;code = 97
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char = o;code = 111
char = t;code = 116
char = ;code = 32
char = s;code = 115
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char = p;code = 112
char = a;code = 97
char = r;code = 114
char = a;code = 97
char = t;code = 116
char = e;code = 101
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = f;code = 102
char = r;code = 114
char = o;code = 111
char = m;code = 109
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = r;code = 114
char = a;code = 97
char = n;code = 110
char = s;code = 115
char = -;code = 45
char = 1;code = 49
char = 1;code = 49
char = ;code = 32
char = C;code = 67
char = 1;code = 49
char = 8;code = 56
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char = 1;code = 49
char = ;code = 32
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
char = o;code = 111
char = u;code = 117
char = r;code = 114
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = n;code = 110
char = a;code = 97
char = l;code = 108
char = y;code = 121
char = s;code = 115
char = i;code = 105
char = s;code = 115
char = .;code = 46
char = ;code = 32
char = C;code = 67
char = o;code = 111
char = m;code = 109
char = p;code = 112
char = a;code = 97
char = r;code = 114
char = i;code = 105
char = s;code = 115
char = o;code = 111
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
char = o;code = 111
char = f;code = 102
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = p;code = 112
char = l;code = 108
char = a;code = 97
char = s;code = 115
char = m;code = 109
char = a;code = 97
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = r;code = 114
char = i;code = 105
char = a;code = 97
char = c;code = 99
char = y;code = 121
char = l;code = 108
char = g;code = 103
char = l;code = 108
char = y;code = 121
char = c;code = 99
char = e;code = 101
char = r;code = 114
char = o;code = 111
char = l;code = 108
char = ;code = 32
char = f;code = 102
char = a;code = 97
char = t;code = 116
char = t;code = 116
char = y;code = 121
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = c;code = 99
char = i;code = 105
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = p;code = 112
char = r;code = 114
char = o;code = 111
char = f;code = 102
char = i;code = 105
char = l;code = 108
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = w;code = 119
char = i;code = 105
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = m;code = 109
char = i;code = 105
char = l;code = 108
char = k;code = 107
char = ;code = 32
char = f;code = 102
char = a;code = 97
char = t;code = 116
char = ;code = 32
char = p;code = 112
char = r;code = 114
char = o;code = 111
char = f;code = 102
char = i;code = 105
char = l;code = 108
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = w;code = 119
char = a;code = 97
char = s;code = 115
char = ;code = 32
char = u;code = 117
char = s;code = 115
char = e;code = 101
char = f;code = 102
char = u;code = 117
char = l;code = 108
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = o;code = 111
char = ;code = 32
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = t;code = 116
char = e;code = 101
char = r;code = 114
char = p;code = 112
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = t;code = 116
char = ;code = 32
char = s;code = 115
char = e;code = 101
char = p;code = 112
char = a;code = 97
char = r;code = 114
char = a;code = 97
char = t;code = 116
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = e;code = 101
char = v;code = 118
char = e;code = 101
char = n;code = 110
char = t;code = 116
char = s;code = 115
char = ;code = 32
char = o;code = 111
char = f;code = 102
char = ;code = 32
char = b;code = 98
char = i;code = 105
char = o;code = 111
char = h;code = 104
char = y;code = 121
char = d;code = 100
char = r;code = 114
char = o;code = 111
char = g;code = 103
char = e;code = 101
char = n;code = 110
char = a;code = 97
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = o;code = 111
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = r;code = 114
char = u;code = 117
char = m;code = 109
char = e;code = 101
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = n;code = 110
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = d;code = 100
char = e;code = 101
char = s;code = 115
char = a;code = 97
char = t;code = 116
char = u;code = 117
char = r;code = 114
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char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = o;code = 111
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
char = b;code = 98
char = y;code = 121
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = m;code = 109
char = a;code = 97
char = m;code = 109
char = m;code = 109
char = a;code = 97
char = r;code = 114
char = y;code = 121
char = ;code = 32
char = g;code = 103
char = l;code = 108
char = a;code = 97
char = n;code = 110
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char = .;code = 46
char = <;code = 60
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char = /;code = 47
char = >;code = 62
result sql = Fatty acid composition of plasma triacylglycerides and milk fat was analyzed from Holstein and Jersey cows with control or depleted copper status and fed roasted whole soybeans or tallow. Conjugated linoleic acid in plasma was higher in Jersey cows. Dietary fat source influenced the proportions of all fatty acids in plasma and in milk, except for conjugated linoleic acid in milk. Feeding soybeans increased plasma C14:1, C18:0, C18:2, and conjugated linoleic acid, and decreased C14:0, C16:0, C16:1, and cis- and trans-C18:1 compared with feeding tallow. Low copper diets decreased C18:0 and increased cis- and trans-C18:1, and conjugated linoleic acid in plasma. A fat source x copper status interaction occurred for cis-C18:1 in plasma. Proportions of C4:0 to C14:0 were higher, and cis16:1, cis- and trans-C18:1, and conjugated linoleic acid were lower in milk fat of Jersey compared with Holstein cows. Generally, the effects of copper depletion were less apparent in milk than in plasma. Copper depletion increased C4:0, trans-C18:1, and conjugated linoleic acid, and decreased C16:1 in milk. Feeding whole soybeans increased C4:0 to C14:0, C18:0, C18:2, and C18:3, and decreased C14:1, C16:0, C16:1, and cis- and trans-C18:1 in milk. Breed x fat interactions occurred for C4:0, C14:1, C16:1, and conjugated linoleic acid in milk. Copper status x fat source interaction occurred for trans-C18:1. The breed x copper status interaction was apparent in milk fat for C16:1 and C18:0 and conjugated linoleic acid in milk. Both C18:0 and trans-C18:1 were desaturated by mammary tissue; however, whereas desaturation of C18:0 was linear, desaturation of trans-C18:1 reached a plateau that could have been caused by presence of the trans-10 isomer, which is not desaturated and was not separated from trans-11 C18:1 in our analysis. Comparison of the plasma triacylglycerol fatty acid profile with the milk fat profile was useful to interpret separate events of biohydrogenation in the rumen and desaturation by the mammary gland.

Publication: J. Dairy Sci. 2000 Sep ;83(9)::2105-11.
Publication Date: 2000 Sep
Study Author(s): Morales, M S;Palmquist, D L;Weiss, W P;
Institution: Department of Animal Sciences, Ohio Agricultural Research and Development Center, The Ohio State University, Wooster 44691, USA.
Shortcut link to this study:
Fatty acid composition of plasma triacylglycerides and milk fat was analyzed from Holstein and Jersey cows with control or depleted copper status and fed roasted whole soybeans or tallow. Conjugated linoleic acid in plasma was higher in Jersey cows. Dietary fat source influenced the proportions of all fatty acids in plasma and in milk, except for conjugated linoleic acid in milk. Feeding soybeans increased plasma C14:1, C18:0, C18:2, and conjugated linoleic acid, and decreased C14:0, C16:0, C16:1, and cis- and trans-C18:1 compared with feeding tallow. Low copper diets decreased C18:0 and increased cis- and trans-C18:1, and conjugated linoleic acid in plasma. A fat source x copper status interaction occurred for cis-C18:1 in plasma. Proportions of C4:0 to C14:0 were higher, and cis16:1, cis- and trans-C18:1, and conjugated linoleic acid were lower in milk fat of Jersey compared with Holstein cows. Generally, the effects of copper depletion were less apparent in milk than in plasma. Copper depletion increased C4:0, trans-C18:1, and conjugated linoleic acid, and decreased C16:1 in milk. Feeding whole soybeans increased C4:0 to C14:0, C18:0, C18:2, and C18:3, and decreased C14:1, C16:0, C16:1, and cis- and trans-C18:1 in milk. Breed x fat interactions occurred for C4:0, C14:1, C16:1, and conjugated linoleic acid in milk. Copper status x fat source interaction occurred for trans-C18:1. The breed x copper status interaction was apparent in milk fat for C16:1 and C18:0 and conjugated linoleic acid in milk. Both C18:0 and trans-C18:1 were desaturated by mammary tissue; however, whereas desaturation of C18:0 was linear, desaturation of trans-C18:1 reached a plateau that could have been caused by presence of the trans-10 isomer, which is not desaturated and was not separated from trans-11 C18:1 in our analysis. Comparison of the plasma triacylglycerol fatty acid profile with the milk fat profile was useful to interpret separate events of biohydrogenation in the rumen and desaturation by the mammary gland.
PMID: 11003244

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