char = B;code = 66 char = e;code = 101 char = t;code = 116 char = a;code = 97 char = -;code = 45 char = c;code = 99 char = a;code = 97 char = r;code = 114 char = o;code = 111 char = t;code = 116 char = e;code = 101 char = n;code = 110 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = p;code = 112 char = r;code = 114 char = o;code = 111 char = t;code = 116 char = e;code = 101 char = c;code = 99 char = t;code = 116 char = s;code = 115 char = ;code = 32 char = r;code = 114 char = a;code = 97 char = t;code = 116 char = s;code = 115 char = ;code = 32 char = a;code = 97 char = g;code = 103 char = a;code = 97 char = i;code = 105 char = n;code = 110 char = s;code = 115 char = t;code = 116 char = ;code = 32 char = b;code = 98 char = r;code = 114 char = o;code = 111 char = n;code = 110 char = c;code = 99 char = h;code = 104 char = i;code = 105 char = t;code = 116 char = i;code = 105 char = s;code = 115 char = ;code = 32 char = i;code = 105 char = n;code = 110 char = d;code = 100 char = u;code = 117 char = c;code = 99 char = e;code = 101 char = d;code = 100 char = ;code = 32 char = b;code = 98 char = y;code = 121 char = ;code = 32 char = c;code = 99 char = i;code = 105 char = g;code = 103 char = a;code = 97 char = r;code = 114 char = e;code = 101 char = t;code = 116 char = t;code = 116 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = s;code = 115 char = m;code = 109 char = o;code = 111 char = k;code = 107 char = i;code = 105 char = n;code = 110 char = g;code = 103 char = .;code = 46 result sql = Beta-carotene protects rats against bronchitis induced by cigarette smoking.
Beta-carotene protects rats against bronchitis induced by cigarette smoking.char = <;code = 60 char = b;code = 98 char = >;code = 62 char = O;code = 79 char = B;code = 66 char = J;code = 74 char = E;code = 69 char = C;code = 67 char = T;code = 84 char = I;code = 73 char = V;code = 86 char = E;code = 69 char = ;code = 32 char = :;code = 58 char = ;code = 32 char = <;code = 60 char = /;code = 47 char = b;code = 98 char = >;code = 62 char = T;code = 84 char = o;code = 111 char = ;code = 32 char = i;code = 105 char = n;code = 110 char = v;code = 118 char = e;code = 101 char = s;code = 115 char = t;code = 116 char = i;code = 105 char = g;code = 103 char = a;code = 97 char = t;code = 116 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = t;code = 116 char = h;code = 104 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = p;code = 112 char = r;code = 114 char = o;code = 111 char = t;code = 116 char = e;code = 101 char = c;code = 99 char = t;code = 116 char = i;code = 105 char = v;code = 118 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = e;code = 101 char = f;code = 102 char = f;code = 102 char = e;code = 101 char = c;code = 99 char = t;code = 116 char = s;code = 115 char = ;code = 32 char = o;code = 111 char = f;code = 102 char = ;code = 32 char = b;code = 98 char = e;code = 101 char = t;code = 116 char = a;code = 97 char = -;code = 45 char = c;code = 99 char = a;code = 97 char = r;code = 114 char = o;code = 111 char = t;code = 116 char = e;code = 101 char = n;code = 110 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = i;code = 105 char = n;code = 110 char = ;code = 32 char = r;code = 114 char = a;code = 97 char = t;code = 116 char = s;code = 115 char = ;code = 32 char = a;code = 97 char = g;code = 103 char = a;code = 97 char = i;code = 105 char = n;code = 110 char = s;code = 115 char = t;code = 116 char = ;code = 32 char = t;code = 116 char = h;code = 104 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = d;code = 100 char = e;code = 101 char = v;code = 118 char = e;code = 101 char = l;code = 108 char = o;code = 111 char = p;code = 112 char = m;code = 109 char = e;code = 101 char = n;code = 110 char = t;code = 116 char = ;code = 32 char = o;code = 111 char = f;code = 102 char = ;code = 32 char = c;code = 99 char = h;code = 104 char = r;code = 114 char = o;code = 111 char = n;code = 110 char = i;code = 105 char = c;code = 99 char = ;code = 32 char = b;code = 98 char = r;code = 114 char = o;code = 111 char = n;code = 110 char = c;code = 99 char = h;code = 104 char = i;code = 105 char = t;code = 116 char = i;code = 105 char = s;code = 115 char = ;code = 32 char = i;code = 105 char = n;code = 110 char = d;code = 100 char = u;code = 117 char = c;code = 99 char = e;code = 101 char = d;code = 100 char = ;code = 32 char = b;code = 98 char = y;code = 121 char = ;code = 32 char = c;code = 99 char = i;code = 105 char = g;code = 103 char = a;code = 97 char = r;code = 114 char = e;code = 101 char = t;code = 116 char = t;code = 116 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = s;code = 115 char = m;code = 109 char = o;code = 111 char = k;code = 107 char = i;code = 105 char = n;code = 110 char = g;code = 103 char = .;code = 46 char = <;code = 60 char = b;code = 98 char = r;code = 114 char = /;code = 47 char = >;code = 62 char = <;code = 60 char = b;code = 98 char = r;code = 114 char = /;code = 47 char = >;code = 62 char = <;code = 60 char = b;code = 98 char = >;code = 62 char = M;code = 77 char = E;code = 69 char = T;code = 84 char = H;code = 72 char = O;code = 79 char = D;code = 68 char = S;code = 83 char = ;code = 32 char = :;code = 58 char = ;code = 32 char = <;code = 60 char = /;code = 47 char = b;code = 98 char = >;code = 62 char = F;code = 70 char = o;code = 111 char = r;code = 114 char = t;code = 116 char = y;code = 121 char = -;code = 45 char = t;code = 116 char = w;code = 119 char = o;code = 111 char = ;code = 32 char = M;code = 77 char = a;code = 97 char = l;code = 108 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = W;code = 87 char = i;code = 105 char = s;code = 115 char = t;code = 116 char = a;code = 97 char = r;code = 114 char = ;code = 32 char = r;code = 114 char = a;code = 97 char = t;code = 116 char = s;code = 115 char = ;code = 32 char = w;code = 119 char = e;code = 101 char = r;code = 114 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = r;code = 114 char = a;code = 97 char = n;code = 110 char = d;code = 100 char = o;code = 111 char = m;code = 109 char = l;code = 108 char = y;code = 121 char = ;code = 32 char = d;code = 100 char = i;code = 105 char = v;code = 118 char = i;code = 105 char = d;code = 100 char = e;code = 101 char = d;code = 100 char = ;code = 32 char = i;code = 105 char = n;code = 110 char = t;code = 116 char = o;code = 111 char = ;code = 32 char = t;code = 116 char = h;code = 104 char = r;code = 114 char = e;code = 101 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = s;code = 115 char = t;code = 116 char = u;code = 117 char = d;code = 100 char = y;code = 121 char = ;code = 32 char = g;code = 103 char = r;code = 114 char = o;code = 111 char = u;code = 117 char = p;code = 112 char = s;code = 115 char = :;code = 58 char = ;code = 32 char = (;code = 40 char = 1;code = 49 char = );code = 41 char = ;code = 32 char = c;code = 99 char = o;code = 111 char = n;code = 110 char = t;code = 116 char = r;code = 114 char = o;code = 111 char = l;code = 108 char = ;code = 32 char = (;code = 40 char = n;code = 110 char = ;code = 32 char = =;code = 61 char = ;code = 32 char = 1;code = 49 char = 5;code = 53 char = );code = 41 char = ,;code = 44 char = ;code = 32 char = a;code = 97 char = n;code = 110 char = i;code = 105 char = m;code = 109 char = a;code = 97 char = l;code = 108 char = s;code = 115 char = ;code = 32 char = u;code = 117 char = n;code = 110 char = d;code = 100 char = e;code = 101 char = r;code = 114 char = w;code = 119 char = e;code = 101 char = n;code = 110 char = t;code = 116 char = ;code = 32 char = n;code = 110 char = o;code = 111 char = ;code = 32 char = t;code = 116 char = r;code = 114 char = e;code = 101 char = a;code = 97 char = t;code = 116 char = m;code = 109 char = e;code = 101 char = n;code = 110 char = t;code = 116 char = ;;code = 59 char = ;code = 32 char = (;code = 40 char = 2;code = 50 char = );code = 41 char = ;code = 32 char = c;code = 99 char = i;code = 105 char = g;code = 103 char = a;code = 97 char = r;code = 114 char = e;code = 101 char = t;code = 116 char = t;code = 116 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = s;code = 115 char = m;code = 109 char = o;code = 111 char = k;code = 107 char = i;code = 105 char = n;code = 110 char = g;code = 103 char = ;code = 32 char = (;code = 40 char = n;code = 110 char = ;code = 32 char = =;code = 61 char = ;code = 32 char = 1;code = 49 char = 5;code = 53 char = );code = 41 char = ,;code = 44 char = ;code = 32 char = a;code = 97 char = n;code = 110 char = i;code = 105 char = m;code = 109 char = a;code = 97 char = l;code = 108 char = s;code = 115 char = ;code = 32 char = d;code = 100 char = e;code = 101 char = v;code = 118 char = e;code = 101 char = l;code = 108 char = o;code = 111 char = p;code = 112 char = e;code = 101 char = d;code = 100 char = ;code = 32 char = c;code = 99 char = h;code = 104 char = r;code = 114 char = o;code = 111 char = n;code = 110 char = i;code = 105 char = c;code = 99 char = ;code = 32 char = b;code = 98 char = r;code = 114 char = o;code = 111 char = n;code = 110 char = c;code = 99 char = h;code = 104 char = i;code = 105 char = t;code = 116 char = i;code = 105 char = s;code = 115 char = ;code = 32 char = t;code = 116 char = h;code = 104 char = r;code = 114 char = o;code = 111 char = u;code = 117 char = g;code = 103 char = h;code = 104 char = ;code = 32 char = l;code = 108 char = o;code = 111 char = n;code = 110 char = g;code = 103 char = -;code = 45 char = t;code = 116 char = e;code = 101 char = r;code = 114 char = m;code = 109 char = ;code = 32 char = c;code = 99 char = i;code = 105 char = g;code = 103 char = a;code = 97 char = r;code = 114 char = e;code = 101 char = t;code = 116 char = t;code = 116 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = s;code = 115 char = m;code = 109 char = o;code = 111 char = k;code = 107 char = i;code = 105 char = n;code = 110 char = g;code = 103 char = ;code = 32 char = t;code = 116 char = w;code = 119 char = i;code = 105 char = c;code = 99 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = a;code = 97 char = ;code = 32 char = d;code = 100 char = a;code = 97 char = y;code = 121 char = ;code = 32 char = f;code = 102 char = o;code = 111 char = r;code = 114 char = ;code = 32 char = 7;code = 55 char = 5;code = 53 char = ;code = 32 char = d;code = 100 char = ;;code = 59 char = ;code = 32 char = (;code = 40 char = 3;code = 51 char = );code = 41 char = ;code = 32 char = b;code = 98 char = e;code = 101 char = t;code = 116 char = a;code = 97 char = -;code = 45 char = c;code = 99 char = a;code = 97 char = r;code = 114 char = o;code = 111 char = t;code = 116 char = e;code = 101 char = n;code = 110 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = p;code = 112 char = l;code = 108 char = u;code = 117 char = s;code = 115 char = ;code = 32 char = c;code = 99 char = i;code = 105 char = g;code = 103 char = a;code = 97 char = r;code = 114 char = e;code = 101 char = t;code = 116 char = t;code = 116 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = s;code = 115 char = m;code = 109 char = o;code = 111 char = k;code = 107 char = i;code = 105 char = n;code = 110 char = g;code = 103 char = ;code = 32 char = a;code = 97 char = n;code = 110 char = i;code = 105 char = m;code = 109 char = a;code = 97 char = l;code = 108 char = s;code = 115 char = ;code = 32 char = (;code = 40 char = n;code = 110 char = ;code = 32 char = =;code = 61 char = ;code = 32 char = 1;code = 49 char = 2;code = 50 char = );code = 41 char = ;code = 32 char = w;code = 119 char = e;code = 101 char = r;code = 114 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = g;code = 103 char = i;code = 105 char = v;code = 118 char = e;code = 101 char = n;code = 110 char = ;code = 32 char = 1;code = 49 char = ;code = 32 char = m;code = 109 char = l;code = 108 char = ;code = 32 char = o;code = 111 char = r;code = 114 char = ;code = 32 char = 1;code = 49 char = 5;code = 53 char = ;code = 32 char = m;code = 109 char = g;code = 103 char = /;code = 47 char = k;code = 107 char = g;code = 103 char = ;code = 32 char = b;code = 98 char = e;code = 101 char = t;code = 116 char = a;code = 97 char = -;code = 45 char = c;code = 99 char = a;code = 97 char = r;code = 114 char = o;code = 111 char = t;code = 116 char = e;code = 101 char = n;code = 110 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = o;code = 111 char = r;code = 114 char = a;code = 97 char = l;code = 108 char = l;code = 108 char = y;code = 121 char = ;code = 32 char = e;code = 101 char = v;code = 118 char = e;code = 101 char = r;code = 114 char = y;code = 121 char = ;code = 32 char = d;code = 100 char = a;code = 97 char = y;code = 121 char = ;code = 32 char = j;code = 106 char = u;code = 117 char = s;code = 115 char = t;code = 116 char = ;code = 32 char = b;code = 98 char = e;code = 101 char = f;code = 102 char = o;code = 111 char = r;code = 114 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = c;code = 99 char = i;code = 105 char = g;code = 103 char = a;code = 97 char = r;code = 114 char = e;code = 101 char = t;code = 116 char = t;code = 116 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = s;code = 115 char = m;code = 109 char = o;code = 111 char = k;code = 107 char = i;code = 105 char = n;code = 110 char = g;code = 103 char = .;code = 46 char = ;code = 32 char = T;code = 84 char = h;code = 104 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = l;code = 108 char = e;code = 101 char = v;code = 118 char = e;code = 101 char = l;code = 108 char = s;code = 115 char = ;code = 32 char = o;code = 111 char = f;code = 102 char = ;code = 32 char = I;code = 73 char = L;code = 76 char = -;code = 45 char = 6;code = 54 char = ,;code = 44 char = ;code = 32 char = I;code = 73 char = L;code = 76 char = -;code = 45 char = 8;code = 56 char = ,;code = 44 char = ;code = 32 char = N;code = 78 char = O;code = 79 char = ,;code = 44 char = ;code = 32 char = s;code = 115 char = u;code = 117 char = p;code = 112 char = e;code = 101 char = r;code = 114 char = o;code = 111 char = x;code = 120 char = i;code = 105 char = d;code = 100 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = d;code = 100 char = i;code = 105 char = s;code = 115 char = m;code = 109 char = u;code = 117 char = t;code = 116 char = a;code = 97 char = s;code = 115 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = (;code = 40 char = S;code = 83 char = O;code = 79 char = D;code = 68 char = );code = 41 char = ;code = 32 char = a;code = 97 char = n;code = 110 char = d;code = 100 char = ;code = 32 char = l;code = 108 char = i;code = 105 char = p;code = 112 char = o;code = 111 char = p;code = 112 char = e;code = 101 char = r;code = 114 char = o;code = 111 char = x;code = 120 char = i;code = 105 char = d;code = 100 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = (;code = 40 char = L;code = 76 char = P;code = 80 char = O;code = 79 char = );code = 41 char = ;code = 32 char = i;code = 105 char = n;code = 110 char = ;code = 32 char = s;code = 115 char = e;code = 101 char = r;code = 114 char = u;code = 117 char = m;code = 109 char = ,;code = 44 char = ;code = 32 char = b;code = 98 char = r;code = 114 char = o;code = 111 char = n;code = 110 char = c;code = 99 char = h;code = 104 char = o;code = 111 char = a;code = 97 char = l;code = 108 char = v;code = 118 char = e;code = 101 char = o;code = 111 char = l;code = 108 char = a;code = 97 char = r;code = 114 char = ;code = 32 char = l;code = 108 char = a;code = 97 char = v;code = 118 char = a;code = 97 char = g;code = 103 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = f;code = 102 char = l;code = 108 char = u;code = 117 char = i;code = 105 char = d;code = 100 char = ;code = 32 char = (;code = 40 char = B;code = 66 char = A;code = 65 char = L;code = 76 char = F;code = 70 char = );code = 41 char = ;code = 32 char = a;code = 97 char = n;code = 110 char = d;code = 100 char = ;code = 32 char = l;code = 108 char = u;code = 117 char = n;code = 110 char = g;code = 103 char = ;code = 32 char = t;code = 116 char = i;code = 105 char = s;code = 115 char = s;code = 115 char = u;code = 117 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = w;code = 119 char = e;code = 101 char = r;code = 114 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = m;code = 109 char = e;code = 101 char = a;code = 97 char = s;code = 115 char = u;code = 117 char = r;code = 114 char = e;code = 101 char = d;code = 100 char = ;code = 32 char = a;code = 97 char = n;code = 110 char = d;code = 100 char = ;code = 32 char = t;code = 116 char = h;code = 104 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = p;code = 112 char = a;code = 97 char = t;code = 116 char = h;code = 104 char = o;code = 111 char = l;code = 108 char = o;code = 111 char = g;code = 103 char = i;code = 105 char = c;code = 99 char = a;code = 97 char = l;code = 108 char = ;code = 32 char = c;code = 99 char = h;code = 104 char = a;code = 97 char = n;code = 110 char = g;code = 103 char = e;code = 101 char = s;code = 115 char = ;code = 32 char = t;code = 116 char = o;code = 111 char = ;code = 32 char = l;code = 108 char = u;code = 117 char = n;code = 110 char = g;code = 103 char = ;code = 32 char = t;code = 116 char = i;code = 105 char = s;code = 115 char = s;code = 115 char = u;code = 117 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = w;code = 119 char = e;code = 101 char = r;code = 114 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = a;code = 97 char = n;code = 110 char = a;code = 97 char = l;code = 108 char = y;code = 121 char = z;code = 122 char = e;code = 101 char = d;code = 100 char = ;code = 32 char = u;code = 117 char = s;code = 115 char = i;code = 105 char = n;code = 110 char = g;code = 103 char = ;code = 32 char = l;code = 108 char = i;code = 105 char = g;code = 103 char = h;code = 104 char = t;code = 116 char = ;code = 32 char = m;code = 109 char = i;code = 105 char = c;code = 99 char = r;code = 114 char = o;code = 111 char = s;code = 115 char = c;code = 99 char = o;code = 111 char = p;code = 112 char = y;code = 121 char = .;code = 46 char = <;code = 60 char = b;code = 98 char = r;code = 114 char = /;code = 47 char = >;code = 62 char = <;code = 60 char = b;code = 98 char = r;code = 114 char = /;code = 47 char = >;code = 62 char = <;code = 60 char = b;code = 98 char = >;code = 62 char = R;code = 82 char = E;code = 69 char = S;code = 83 char = U;code = 85 char = L;code = 76 char = T;code = 84 char = S;code = 83 char = ;code = 32 char = :;code = 58 char = ;code = 32 char = <;code = 60 char = /;code = 47 char = b;code = 98 char = >;code = 62 char = L;code = 76 char = o;code = 111 char = n;code = 110 char = g;code = 103 char = -;code = 45 char = t;code = 116 char = e;code = 101 char = r;code = 114 char = m;code = 109 char = ;code = 32 char = c;code = 99 char = i;code = 105 char = g;code = 103 char = a;code = 97 char = r;code = 114 char = e;code = 101 char = t;code = 116 char = t;code = 116 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = s;code = 115 char = m;code = 109 char = o;code = 111 char = k;code = 107 char = i;code = 105 char = n;code = 110 char = g;code = 103 char = ;code = 32 char = c;code = 99 char = a;code = 97 char = u;code = 117 char = s;code = 115 char = e;code = 101 char = d;code = 100 char = ;code = 32 char = a;code = 97 char = n;code = 110 char = ;code = 32 char = o;code = 111 char = b;code = 98 char = v;code = 118 char = i;code = 105 char = o;code = 111 char = u;code = 117 char = s;code = 115 char = ;code = 32 char = i;code = 105 char = n;code = 110 char = c;code = 99 char = r;code = 114 char = e;code = 101 char = a;code = 97 char = s;code = 115 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = i;code = 105 char = n;code = 110 char = ;code = 32 char = t;code = 116 char = h;code = 104 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = a;code = 97 char = m;code = 109 char = o;code = 111 char = u;code = 117 char = n;code = 110 char = t;code = 116 char = ;code = 32 char = o;code = 111 char = f;code = 102 char = ;code = 32 char = I;code = 73 char = L;code = 76 char = -;code = 45 char = 6;code = 54 char = ,;code = 44 char = ;code = 32 char = I;code = 73 char = L;code = 76 char = -;code = 45 char = 8;code = 56 char = ;code = 32 char = a;code = 97 char = n;code = 110 char = d;code = 100 char = ;code = 32 char = L;code = 76 char = P;code = 80 char = O;code = 79 char = ;code = 32 char = a;code = 97 char = n;code = 110 char = d;code = 100 char = ;code = 32 char = a;code = 97 char = ;code = 32 char = s;code = 115 char = h;code = 104 char = a;code = 97 char = r;code = 114 char = p;code = 112 char = ;code = 32 char = d;code = 100 char = e;code = 101 char = c;code = 99 char = r;code = 114 char = e;code = 101 char = a;code = 97 char = s;code = 115 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = i;code = 105 char = n;code = 110 char = ;code = 32 char = t;code = 116 char = h;code = 104 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = l;code = 108 char = e;code = 101 char = v;code = 118 char = e;code = 101 char = l;code = 108 char = s;code = 115 char = ;code = 32 char = o;code = 111 char = f;code = 102 char = ;code = 32 char = N;code = 78 char = O;code = 79 char = ;code = 32 char = a;code = 97 char = n;code = 110 char = d;code = 100 char = ;code = 32 char = S;code = 83 char = O;code = 79 char = D;code = 68 char = ;code = 32 char = i;code = 105 char = n;code = 110 char = ;code = 32 char = s;code = 115 char = m;code = 109 char = o;code = 111 char = k;code = 107 char = i;code = 105 char = n;code = 110 char = g;code = 103 char = ;code = 32 char = a;code = 97 char = n;code = 110 char = i;code = 105 char = m;code = 109 char = a;code = 97 char = l;code = 108 char = s;code = 115 char = ;code = 32 char = c;code = 99 char = o;code = 111 char = m;code = 109 char = p;code = 112 char = a;code = 97 char = r;code = 114 char = e;code = 101 char = d;code = 100 char = ;code = 32 char = t;code = 116 char = o;code = 111 char = ;code = 32 char = c;code = 99 char = o;code = 111 char = n;code = 110 char = t;code = 116 char = r;code = 114 char = o;code = 111 char = l;code = 108 char = s;code = 115 char = .;code = 46 char = ;code = 32 char = b;code = 98 char = e;code = 101 char = t;code = 116 char = a;code = 97 char = -;code = 45 char = c;code = 99 char = a;code = 97 char = r;code = 114 char = o;code = 111 char = t;code = 116 char = e;code = 101 char = n;code = 110 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = i;code = 105 char = n;code = 110 char = t;code = 116 char = a;code = 97 char = k;code = 107 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = r;code = 114 char = e;code = 101 char = v;code = 118 char = e;code = 101 char = r;code = 114 char = s;code = 115 char = e;code = 101 char = d;code = 100 char = ;code = 32 char = a;code = 97 char = l;code = 108 char = l;code = 108 char = ;code = 32 char = t;code = 116 char = h;code = 104 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = c;code = 99 char = h;code = 104 char = a;code = 97 char = n;code = 110 char = g;code = 103 char = e;code = 101 char = s;code = 115 char = ;code = 32 char = i;code = 105 char = n;code = 110 char = d;code = 100 char = u;code = 117 char = c;code = 99 char = e;code = 101 char = d;code = 100 char = ;code = 32 char = b;code = 98 char = y;code = 121 char = ;code = 32 char = s;code = 115 char = m;code = 109 char = o;code = 111 char = k;code = 107 char = i;code = 105 char = n;code = 110 char = g;code = 103 char = ;code = 32 char = a;code = 97 char = n;code = 110 char = d;code = 100 char = ;code = 32 char = a;code = 97 char = l;code = 108 char = l;code = 108 char = e;code = 101 char = v;code = 118 char = i;code = 105 char = a;code = 97 char = t;code = 116 char = e;code = 101 char = d;code = 100 char = ;code = 32 char = t;code = 116 char = h;code = 104 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = p;code = 112 char = a;code = 97 char = t;code = 116 char = h;code = 104 char = o;code = 111 char = l;code = 108 char = o;code = 111 char = g;code = 103 char = i;code = 105 char = c;code = 99 char = a;code = 97 char = l;code = 108 char = ;code = 32 char = c;code = 99 char = h;code = 104 char = a;code = 97 char = n;code = 110 char = g;code = 103 char = e;code = 101 char = s;code = 115 char = ;code = 32 char = c;code = 99 char = a;code = 97 char = u;code = 117 char = s;code = 115 char = e;code = 101 char = d;code = 100 char = ;code = 32 char = b;code = 98 char = y;code = 121 char = ;code = 32 char = c;code = 99 char = h;code = 104 char = r;code = 114 char = o;code = 111 char = n;code = 110 char = i;code = 105 char = c;code = 99 char = ;code = 32 char = b;code = 98 char = r;code = 114 char = o;code = 111 char = n;code = 110 char = c;code = 99 char = h;code = 104 char = i;code = 105 char = t;code = 116 char = i;code = 105 char = s;code = 115 char = .;code = 46 char = <;code = 60 char = b;code = 98 char = r;code = 114 char = /;code = 47 char = >;code = 62 char = <;code = 60 char = b;code = 98 char = r;code = 114 char = /;code = 47 char = >;code = 62 char = <;code = 60 char = b;code = 98 char = >;code = 62 char = C;code = 67 char = O;code = 79 char = N;code = 78 char = C;code = 67 char = L;code = 76 char = U;code = 85 char = S;code = 83 char = I;code = 73 char = O;code = 79 char = N;code = 78 char = S;code = 83 char = ;code = 32 char = :;code = 58 char = ;code = 32 char = <;code = 60 char = /;code = 47 char = b;code = 98 char = >;code = 62 char = Q;code = 81 char = u;code = 117 char = a;code = 97 char = n;code = 110 char = t;code = 116 char = i;code = 105 char = t;code = 116 char = a;code = 97 char = t;code = 116 char = i;code = 105 char = v;code = 118 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = o;code = 111 char = r;code = 114 char = a;code = 97 char = l;code = 108 char = ;code = 32 char = i;code = 105 char = n;code = 110 char = t;code = 116 char = a;code = 97 char = k;code = 107 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = o;code = 111 char = f;code = 102 char = ;code = 32 char = b;code = 98 char = e;code = 101 char = t;code = 116 char = a;code = 97 char = -;code = 45 char = c;code = 99 char = a;code = 97 char = r;code = 114 char = o;code = 111 char = t;code = 116 char = e;code = 101 char = n;code = 110 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = h;code = 104 char = a;code = 97 char = d;code = 100 char = ;code = 32 char = p;code = 112 char = r;code = 114 char = o;code = 111 char = t;code = 116 char = e;code = 101 char = c;code = 99 char = t;code = 116 char = i;code = 105 char = v;code = 118 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = e;code = 101 char = f;code = 102 char = f;code = 102 char = e;code = 101 char = c;code = 99 char = t;code = 116 char = s;code = 115 char = ;code = 32 char = a;code = 97 char = g;code = 103 char = a;code = 97 char = i;code = 105 char = n;code = 110 char = s;code = 115 char = t;code = 116 char = ;code = 32 char = c;code = 99 char = h;code = 104 char = r;code = 114 char = o;code = 111 char = n;code = 110 char = i;code = 105 char = c;code = 99 char = ;code = 32 char = b;code = 98 char = r;code = 114 char = o;code = 111 char = n;code = 110 char = c;code = 99 char = h;code = 104 char = i;code = 105 char = t;code = 116 char = i;code = 105 char = s;code = 115 char = ;code = 32 char = i;code = 105 char = n;code = 110 char = d;code = 100 char = u;code = 117 char = c;code = 99 char = e;code = 101 char = d;code = 100 char = ;code = 32 char = b;code = 98 char = y;code = 121 char = ;code = 32 char = l;code = 108 char = o;code = 111 char = n;code = 110 char = g;code = 103 char = -;code = 45 char = t;code = 116 char = e;code = 101 char = r;code = 114 char = m;code = 109 char = ;code = 32 char = c;code = 99 char = i;code = 105 char = g;code = 103 char = a;code = 97 char = r;code = 114 char = e;code = 101 char = t;code = 116 char = t;code = 116 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = s;code = 115 char = m;code = 109 char = o;code = 111 char = k;code = 107 char = i;code = 105 char = n;code = 110 char = g;code = 103 char = ,;code = 44 char = ;code = 32 char = w;code = 119 char = h;code = 104 char = i;code = 105 char = c;code = 99 char = h;code = 104 char = ;code = 32 char = w;code = 119 char = a;code = 97 char = s;code = 115 char = ;code = 32 char = a;code = 97 char = s;code = 115 char = s;code = 115 char = o;code = 111 char = c;code = 99 char = i;code = 105 char = a;code = 97 char = t;code = 116 char = e;code = 101 char = d;code = 100 char = ;code = 32 char = w;code = 119 char = i;code = 105 char = t;code = 116 char = h;code = 104 char = ;code = 32 char = t;code = 116 char = h;code = 104 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = i;code = 105 char = n;code = 110 char = c;code = 99 char = r;code = 114 char = e;code = 101 char = a;code = 97 char = s;code = 115 char = e;code = 101 char = d;code = 100 char = ;code = 32 char = p;code = 112 char = r;code = 114 char = o;code = 111 char = d;code = 100 char = u;code = 117 char = c;code = 99 char = t;code = 116 char = i;code = 105 char = o;code = 111 char = n;code = 110 char = ;code = 32 char = o;code = 111 char = f;code = 102 char = ;code = 32 char = N;code = 78 char = O;code = 79 char = ,;code = 44 char = ;code = 32 char = t;code = 116 char = h;code = 104 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = c;code = 99 char = l;code = 108 char = e;code = 101 char = a;code = 97 char = r;code = 114 char = a;code = 97 char = n;code = 110 char = c;code = 99 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = o;code = 111 char = f;code = 102 char = ;code = 32 char = s;code = 115 char = o;code = 111 char = m;code = 109 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = o;code = 111 char = x;code = 120 char = i;code = 105 char = d;code = 100 char = a;code = 97 char = t;code = 116 char = i;code = 105 char = v;code = 118 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = f;code = 102 char = r;code = 114 char = e;code = 101 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = r;code = 114 char = a;code = 97 char = d;code = 100 char = i;code = 105 char = c;code = 99 char = a;code = 97 char = l;code = 108 char = s;code = 115 char = ;code = 32 char = (;code = 40 char = O;code = 79 char = F;code = 70 char = R;code = 82 char = );code = 41 char = ;code = 32 char = a;code = 97 char = n;code = 110 char = d;code = 100 char = ;code = 32 char = t;code = 116 char = h;code = 104 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = a;code = 97 char = l;code = 108 char = l;code = 108 char = e;code = 101 char = v;code = 118 char = i;code = 105 char = a;code = 97 char = t;code = 116 char = i;code = 105 char = o;code = 111 char = n;code = 110 char = ;code = 32 char = o;code = 111 char = f;code = 102 char = ;code = 32 char = c;code = 99 char = h;code = 104 char = r;code = 114 char = o;code = 111 char = n;code = 110 char = i;code = 105 char = c;code = 99 char = ;code = 32 char = i;code = 105 char = n;code = 110 char = f;code = 102 char = l;code = 108 char = a;code = 97 char = m;code = 109 char = m;code = 109 char = a;code = 97 char = t;code = 116 char = i;code = 105 char = o;code = 111 char = n;code = 110 char = .;code = 46 result sql = OBJECTIVE : To investigate the protective effects of beta-carotene in rats against the development of chronic bronchitis induced by cigarette smoking.METHODS : Forty-two Male Wistar rats were randomly divided into three study groups: (1) control (n = 15), animals underwent no treatment; (2) cigarette smoking (n = 15), animals developed chronic bronchitis through long-term cigarette smoking twice a day for 75 d; (3) beta-carotene plus cigarette smoking animals (n = 12) were given 1 ml or 15 mg/kg beta-carotene orally every day just before cigarette smoking. The levels of IL-6, IL-8, NO, superoxide dismutase (SOD) and lipoperoxide (LPO) in serum, bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) and lung tissue were measured and the pathological changes to lung tissue were analyzed using light microscopy.RESULTS : Long-term cigarette smoking caused an obvious increase in the amount of IL-6, IL-8 and LPO and a sharp decrease in the levels of NO and SOD in smoking animals compared to controls. beta-carotene intake reversed all the changes induced by smoking and alleviated the pathological changes caused by chronic bronchitis.CONCLUSIONS : Quantitative oral intake of beta-carotene had protective effects against chronic bronchitis induced by long-term cigarette smoking, which was associated with the increased production of NO, the clearance of some oxidative free radicals (OFR) and the alleviation of chronic inflammation.
Publication: Chin. Med. J. 2003 Apr ;116(4)::514-6.
Publication Date: 2003 Apr
Study Author(s): Pang, Baosen;Wang, Chen;Weng, Xinzhi;Tang, Xiaonai;Zhang, Hongyu;Niu, Shujie;Mao, Yanling;Xin, Ping;Huang, Xiuxia;Zhang, Haiyan;Zhu, Jin;
Institution: Beijing Institute of Respiratory Medicine, Beijing Chaoyang Hospita, Capital University of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100020, China.
Shortcut link to this study:
OBJECTIVE : To investigate the protective effects of beta-carotene in rats against the development of chronic bronchitis induced by cigarette smoking.METHODS : Forty-two Male Wistar rats were randomly divided into three study groups: (1) control (n = 15), animals underwent no treatment; (2) cigarette smoking (n = 15), animals developed chronic bronchitis through long-term cigarette smoking twice a day for 75 d; (3) beta-carotene plus cigarette smoking animals (n = 12) were given 1 ml or 15 mg/kg beta-carotene orally every day just before cigarette smoking. The levels of IL-6, IL-8, NO, superoxide dismutase (SOD) and lipoperoxide (LPO) in serum, bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) and lung tissue were measured and the pathological changes to lung tissue were analyzed using light microscopy.RESULTS : Long-term cigarette smoking caused an obvious increase in the amount of IL-6, IL-8 and LPO and a sharp decrease in the levels of NO and SOD in smoking animals compared to controls. beta-carotene intake reversed all the changes induced by smoking and alleviated the pathological changes caused by chronic bronchitis.CONCLUSIONS : Quantitative oral intake of beta-carotene had protective effects against chronic bronchitis induced by long-term cigarette smoking, which was associated with the increased production of NO, the clearance of some oxidative free radicals (OFR) and the alleviation of chronic inflammation.
PMID: 12875713