|
|
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result sql = The antiproliferative effect of Quercetin in cancer cells is mediated via inhibition of the PI3K-Akt/PKB pathway.
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char = w;code = 119
char = i;code = 105
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = ;code = 32
char = Q;code = 81
char = u;code = 117
char = ;code = 32
char = o;code = 111
char = r;code = 114
char = ;code = 32
char = L;code = 76
char = Y;code = 89
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = n;code = 110
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = n;code = 110
char = a;code = 97
char = l;code = 108
char = y;code = 121
char = z;code = 122
char = e;code = 101
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = f;code = 102
char = o;code = 111
char = r;code = 114
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = c;code = 99
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = v;code = 118
char = a;code = 97
char = t;code = 116
char = e;code = 101
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = l;code = 108
char = e;code = 101
char = v;code = 118
char = e;code = 101
char = l;code = 108
char = s;code = 115
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char = o;code = 111
char = f;code = 102
char = ;code = 32
char = A;code = 65
char = k;code = 107
char = t;code = 116
char = ;code = 32
char = b;code = 98
char = y;code = 121
char = ;code = 32
char = m;code = 109
char = e;code = 101
char = a;code = 97
char = s;code = 115
char = u;code = 117
char = r;code = 114
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = g;code = 103
char = ;code = 32
char = p;code = 112
char = h;code = 104
char = o;code = 111
char = s;code = 115
char = p;code = 112
char = h;code = 104
char = o;code = 111
char = -;code = 45
char = A;code = 65
char = k;code = 107
char = t;code = 116
char = ;code = 32
char = (;code = 40
char = p;code = 112
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char = A;code = 65
char = k;code = 107
char = t;code = 116
char = );code = 41
char = ;code = 32
char = l;code = 108
char = e;code = 101
char = v;code = 118
char = e;code = 101
char = l;code = 108
char = s;code = 115
char = ;code = 32
char = u;code = 117
char = s;code = 115
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = g;code = 103
char = ;code = 32
char = i;code = 105
char = m;code = 109
char = m;code = 109
char = u;code = 117
char = n;code = 110
char = o;code = 111
char = b;code = 98
char = l;code = 108
char = o;code = 111
char = t;code = 116
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = g;code = 103
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = n;code = 110
char = a;code = 97
char = l;code = 108
char = y;code = 121
char = s;code = 115
char = i;code = 105
char = s;code = 115
char = .;code = 46
char = ;code = 32
char = T;code = 84
char = o;code = 111
char = ;code = 32
char = d;code = 100
char = e;code = 101
char = t;code = 116
char = e;code = 101
char = c;code = 99
char = t;code = 116
char = ;code = 32
char = p;code = 112
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char = A;code = 65
char = k;code = 107
char = t;code = 116
char = ,;code = 44
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = T;code = 84
char = 4;code = 52
char = 7;code = 55
char = D;code = 68
char = ;code = 32
char = c;code = 99
char = e;code = 101
char = l;code = 108
char = l;code = 108
char = s;code = 115
char = ;code = 32
char = w;code = 119
char = e;code = 101
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = a;code = 97
char = t;code = 116
char = e;code = 101
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = w;code = 119
char = i;code = 105
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = ;code = 32
char = E;code = 69
char = G;code = 71
char = F;code = 70
char = ;code = 32
char = p;code = 112
char = r;code = 114
char = i;code = 105
char = o;code = 111
char = r;code = 114
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = o;code = 111
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = a;code = 97
char = t;code = 116
char = m;code = 109
char = e;code = 101
char = n;code = 110
char = t;code = 116
char = ;code = 32
char = w;code = 119
char = i;code = 105
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = ;code = 32
char = o;code = 111
char = r;code = 114
char = ;code = 32
char = w;code = 119
char = i;code = 105
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = o;code = 111
char = u;code = 117
char = t;code = 116
char = ;code = 32
char = Q;code = 81
char = u;code = 117
char = ;code = 32
char = o;code = 111
char = r;code = 114
char = ;code = 32
char = L;code = 76
char = Y;code = 89
char = ;code = 32
char = C;code = 67
char = e;code = 101
char = l;code = 108
char = l;code = 108
char = ;code = 32
char = p;code = 112
char = r;code = 114
char = o;code = 111
char = l;code = 108
char = i;code = 105
char = f;code = 102
char = e;code = 101
char = r;code = 114
char = a;code = 97
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = o;code = 111
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = f;code = 102
char = t;code = 116
char = e;code = 101
char = r;code = 114
char = ;code = 32
char = 2;code = 50
char = 4;code = 52
char = -;code = 45
char = h;code = 104
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = a;code = 97
char = t;code = 116
char = m;code = 109
char = e;code = 101
char = n;code = 110
char = t;code = 116
char = ;code = 32
char = w;code = 119
char = i;code = 105
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = ;code = 32
char = Q;code = 81
char = u;code = 117
char = ;code = 32
char = o;code = 111
char = r;code = 114
char = ;code = 32
char = L;code = 76
char = Y;code = 89
char = ;code = 32
char = w;code = 119
char = a;code = 97
char = s;code = 115
char = ;code = 32
char = q;code = 113
char = u;code = 117
char = a;code = 97
char = n;code = 110
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = f;code = 102
char = i;code = 105
char = e;code = 101
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = b;code = 98
char = y;code = 121
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = 3;code = 51
char = -;code = 45
char = (;code = 40
char = 4;code = 52
char = ,;code = 44
char = ;code = 32
char = 5;code = 53
char = -;code = 45
char = d;code = 100
char = i;code = 105
char = m;code = 109
char = e;code = 101
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = y;code = 121
char = l;code = 108
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = i;code = 105
char = a;code = 97
char = z;code = 122
char = o;code = 111
char = l;code = 108
char = -;code = 45
char = 2;code = 50
char = -;code = 45
char = y;code = 121
char = l;code = 108
char = );code = 41
char = -;code = 45
char = 2;code = 50
char = ,;code = 44
char = ;code = 32
char = 5;code = 53
char = -;code = 45
char = d;code = 100
char = i;code = 105
char = p;code = 112
char = h;code = 104
char = e;code = 101
char = n;code = 110
char = y;code = 121
char = l;code = 108
char = t;code = 116
char = e;code = 101
char = t;code = 116
char = r;code = 114
char = a;code = 97
char = z;code = 122
char = o;code = 111
char = l;code = 108
char = i;code = 105
char = u;code = 117
char = m;code = 109
char = ;code = 32
char = b;code = 98
char = r;code = 114
char = o;code = 111
char = m;code = 109
char = i;code = 105
char = d;code = 100
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = (;code = 40
char = M;code = 77
char = T;code = 84
char = T;code = 84
char = );code = 41
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = s;code = 115
char = s;code = 115
char = a;code = 97
char = y;code = 121
char = .;code = 46
char = <;code = 60
char = b;code = 98
char = r;code = 114
char = /;code = 47
char = >;code = 62
char = <;code = 60
char = b;code = 98
char = r;code = 114
char = /;code = 47
char = >;code = 62
char = <;code = 60
char = b;code = 98
char = >;code = 62
char = R;code = 82
char = E;code = 69
char = S;code = 83
char = U;code = 85
char = L;code = 76
char = T;code = 84
char = S;code = 83
char = ;code = 32
char = :;code = 58
char = ;code = 32
char = <;code = 60
char = /;code = 47
char = b;code = 98
char = >;code = 62
char = T;code = 84
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = a;code = 97
char = t;code = 116
char = m;code = 109
char = e;code = 101
char = n;code = 110
char = t;code = 116
char = ;code = 32
char = w;code = 119
char = i;code = 105
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = ;code = 32
char = Q;code = 81
char = u;code = 117
char = ;code = 32
char = (;code = 40
char = 2;code = 50
char = 5;code = 53
char = ;code = 32
char = m;code = 109
char = i;code = 105
char = c;code = 99
char = r;code = 114
char = o;code = 111
char = M;code = 77
char = );code = 41
char = ;code = 32
char = f;code = 102
char = o;code = 111
char = r;code = 114
char = ;code = 32
char = 0;code = 48
char = .;code = 46
char = 5;code = 53
char = ,;code = 44
char = ;code = 32
char = 1;code = 49
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = n;code = 110
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = 3;code = 51
char = ;code = 32
char = h;code = 104
char = ;code = 32
char = c;code = 99
char = o;code = 111
char = m;code = 109
char = p;code = 112
char = l;code = 108
char = e;code = 101
char = t;code = 116
char = e;code = 101
char = l;code = 108
char = y;code = 121
char = ;code = 32
char = s;code = 115
char = u;code = 117
char = p;code = 112
char = p;code = 112
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = s;code = 115
char = s;code = 115
char = e;code = 101
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = c;code = 99
char = o;code = 111
char = n;code = 110
char = s;code = 115
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = t;code = 116
char = u;code = 117
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = v;code = 118
char = e;code = 101
char = l;code = 108
char = y;code = 121
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = c;code = 99
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = v;code = 118
char = a;code = 97
char = t;code = 116
char = e;code = 101
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = A;code = 65
char = k;code = 107
char = t;code = 116
char = /;code = 47
char = P;code = 80
char = K;code = 75
char = B;code = 66
char = ;code = 32
char = p;code = 112
char = h;code = 104
char = o;code = 111
char = s;code = 115
char = p;code = 112
char = h;code = 104
char = o;code = 111
char = r;code = 114
char = y;code = 121
char = l;code = 108
char = a;code = 97
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = o;code = 111
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = t;code = 116
char = ;code = 32
char = S;code = 83
char = e;code = 101
char = r;code = 114
char = -;code = 45
char = 4;code = 52
char = 7;code = 55
char = 3;code = 51
char = ;code = 32
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
char = H;code = 72
char = C;code = 67
char = C;code = 67
char = 1;code = 49
char = 9;code = 57
char = 3;code = 51
char = 7;code = 55
char = ;code = 32
char = c;code = 99
char = e;code = 101
char = l;code = 108
char = l;code = 108
char = s;code = 115
char = .;code = 46
char = ;code = 32
char = P;code = 80
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = -;code = 45
char = e;code = 101
char = x;code = 120
char = p;code = 112
char = o;code = 111
char = s;code = 115
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = g;code = 103
char = ;code = 32
char = T;code = 84
char = 4;code = 52
char = 7;code = 55
char = D;code = 68
char = ;code = 32
char = c;code = 99
char = e;code = 101
char = l;code = 108
char = l;code = 108
char = s;code = 115
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = o;code = 111
char = ;code = 32
char = Q;code = 81
char = u;code = 117
char = ;code = 32
char = (;code = 40
char = 2;code = 50
char = 5;code = 53
char = ;code = 32
char = m;code = 109
char = i;code = 105
char = c;code = 99
char = r;code = 114
char = o;code = 111
char = M;code = 77
char = );code = 41
char = ;code = 32
char = o;code = 111
char = r;code = 114
char = ;code = 32
char = L;code = 76
char = Y;code = 89
char = ;code = 32
char = (;code = 40
char = 1;code = 49
char = 0;code = 48
char = ;code = 32
char = m;code = 109
char = i;code = 105
char = c;code = 99
char = r;code = 114
char = o;code = 111
char = M;code = 77
char = );code = 41
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = b;code = 98
char = r;code = 114
char = o;code = 111
char = g;code = 103
char = a;code = 97
char = t;code = 116
char = e;code = 101
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = E;code = 69
char = G;code = 71
char = F;code = 70
char = -;code = 45
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = d;code = 100
char = u;code = 117
char = c;code = 99
char = e;code = 101
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = A;code = 65
char = k;code = 107
char = t;code = 116
char = /;code = 47
char = P;code = 80
char = K;code = 75
char = B;code = 66
char = ;code = 32
char = p;code = 112
char = h;code = 104
char = o;code = 111
char = s;code = 115
char = p;code = 112
char = h;code = 104
char = o;code = 111
char = r;code = 114
char = y;code = 121
char = l;code = 108
char = a;code = 97
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = o;code = 111
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = t;code = 116
char = ;code = 32
char = S;code = 83
char = e;code = 101
char = r;code = 114
char = -;code = 45
char = 4;code = 52
char = 7;code = 55
char = 3;code = 51
char = .;code = 46
char = ;code = 32
char = B;code = 66
char = o;code = 111
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = ;code = 32
char = Q;code = 81
char = u;code = 117
char = ;code = 32
char = (;code = 40
char = 1;code = 49
char = 0;code = 48
char = 0;code = 48
char = ;code = 32
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char = i;code = 105
char = c;code = 99
char = r;code = 114
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char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
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char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = L;code = 76
char = Y;code = 89
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char = (;code = 40
char = 5;code = 53
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char = m;code = 109
char = i;code = 105
char = c;code = 99
char = r;code = 114
char = o;code = 111
char = M;code = 77
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char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = a;code = 97
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char = m;code = 109
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char = n;code = 110
char = t;code = 116
char = s;code = 115
char = ;code = 32
char = f;code = 102
char = o;code = 111
char = r;code = 114
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char = 2;code = 50
char = 4;code = 52
char = ;code = 32
char = h;code = 104
char = ;code = 32
char = s;code = 115
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char = g;code = 103
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char = f;code = 102
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char = c;code = 99
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char = t;code = 116
char = l;code = 108
char = y;code = 121
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char = d;code = 100
char = e;code = 101
char = c;code = 99
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = a;code = 97
char = s;code = 115
char = e;code = 101
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = c;code = 99
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char = l;code = 108
char = l;code = 108
char = ;code = 32
char = p;code = 112
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char = o;code = 111
char = l;code = 108
char = i;code = 105
char = f;code = 102
char = e;code = 101
char = r;code = 114
char = a;code = 97
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = o;code = 111
char = n;code = 110
char = ,;code = 44
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = s;code = 115
char = ;code = 32
char = s;code = 115
char = h;code = 104
char = o;code = 111
char = w;code = 119
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
char = b;code = 98
char = y;code = 121
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = M;code = 77
char = T;code = 84
char = T;code = 84
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = s;code = 115
char = s;code = 115
char = a;code = 97
char = y;code = 121
char = .;code = 46
char = <;code = 60
char = b;code = 98
char = r;code = 114
char = /;code = 47
char = >;code = 62
char = <;code = 60
char = b;code = 98
char = r;code = 114
char = /;code = 47
char = >;code = 62
char = <;code = 60
char = b;code = 98
char = >;code = 62
char = C;code = 67
char = O;code = 79
char = N;code = 78
char = C;code = 67
char = L;code = 76
char = U;code = 85
char = S;code = 83
char = I;code = 73
char = O;code = 79
char = N;code = 78
char = ;code = 32
char = :;code = 58
char = ;code = 32
char = <;code = 60
char = /;code = 47
char = b;code = 98
char = >;code = 62
char = P;code = 80
char = h;code = 104
char = a;code = 97
char = r;code = 114
char = m;code = 109
char = a;code = 97
char = c;code = 99
char = o;code = 111
char = l;code = 108
char = o;code = 111
char = g;code = 103
char = i;code = 105
char = c;code = 99
char = a;code = 97
char = l;code = 108
char = l;code = 108
char = y;code = 121
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char = s;code = 115
char = a;code = 97
char = f;code = 102
char = e;code = 101
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char = d;code = 100
char = o;code = 111
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char = e;code = 101
char = s;code = 115
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char = o;code = 111
char = f;code = 102
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
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char = e;code = 101
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char = n;code = 110
char = a;code = 97
char = t;code = 116
char = u;code = 117
char = r;code = 114
char = a;code = 97
char = l;code = 108
char = l;code = 108
char = y;code = 121
char = ;code = 32
char = o;code = 111
char = c;code = 99
char = c;code = 99
char = u;code = 117
char = r;code = 114
char = r;code = 114
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = g;code = 103
char = ;code = 32
char = b;code = 98
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char = o;code = 111
char = f;code = 102
char = l;code = 108
char = a;code = 97
char = v;code = 118
char = o;code = 111
char = n;code = 110
char = o;code = 111
char = i;code = 105
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = Q;code = 81
char = u;code = 117
char = ;code = 32
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = h;code = 104
char = i;code = 105
char = b;code = 98
char = i;code = 105
char = t;code = 116
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = P;code = 80
char = I;code = 73
char = 3;code = 51
char = K;code = 75
char = -;code = 45
char = A;code = 65
char = k;code = 107
char = t;code = 116
char = /;code = 47
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char = m;code = 109
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char = l;code = 108
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char = a;code = 97
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char = l;code = 108
char = e;code = 101
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char = l;code = 108
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char = r;code = 114
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char = n;code = 110
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char = e;code = 101
char = f;code = 102
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char = t;code = 116
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char = a;code = 97
char = g;code = 103
char = a;code = 97
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
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char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = u;code = 117
char = m;code = 109
char = o;code = 111
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char = g;code = 103
char = e;code = 101
char = n;code = 110
char = e;code = 101
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char = i;code = 105
char = s;code = 115
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char = c;code = 99
char = a;code = 97
char = n;code = 110
char = c;code = 99
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char = r;code = 114
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result sql = BACKGROUND : The tumor suppressor gene PTEN, mutated in 40-50% of patients with brain tumors, especially those with glioblastomas, maps to chromosome 10q23.3 and encodes a dual-specificity phosphatase. PTEN exerts its effects partly via inhibition of protein tyrosine kinase B (Akt/Protein Kinase B), which is involved in the phosphatidylinositol (PtdIns) 3-kinase (PI3K)-mediated cell-survival pathway. The naturally occurring bioflavonoid Quercetin (Qu) shares structural homology with the commercially available selective PI3K inhibitor, LY 294002 (LY). Here, the effects of Qu on the Akt/PKB pathway were evaluated.
MATERIALS AND METHODS : The human breast carcinoma cell lines, HCC1937, with homozygous deletion of the PTEN gene, and T47D, with intact PTEN, were time-treated with Qu or LY and analyzed for activated levels of Akt by measuring phospho-Akt (p-Akt) levels using immunoblotting analysis. To detect p-Akt, the T47D cells were treated with EGF prior to treatment with or without Qu or LY Cell proliferation after 24-h treatment with Qu or LY was quantified by the 3-(4, 5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2, 5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay.
RESULTS : Treatment with Qu (25 microM) for 0.5, 1 and 3 h completely suppressed constitutively activated Akt/PKB phosphorylation at Ser-473 in HCC1937 cells. Pre-exposing T47D cells to Qu (25 microM) or LY (10 microM) abrogated EGF-induced Akt/PKB phosphorylation at Ser-473. Both Qu (100 microM) and LY (50 microM) treatments for 24 h significantly decreased cell proliferation, as shown by the MTT assay.
CONCLUSION : Pharmacologically safe doses of the naturally occurring bioflavonoid Qu inhibit the PI3K-Akt/PKB pathway, in a manner similar to that of the commercially available LY. Overall, our results indicated that Qu inhibited the constitutively activated-Akt/PKB pathway in PTEN-null cancer cells, and suggest that this compound may have therapeutic benefit against tumorigenesis and cancer progression.
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char = p;code = 112
char = r;code = 114
char = o;code = 111
char = l;code = 108
char = i;code = 105
char = f;code = 102
char = e;code = 101
char = r;code = 114
char = a;code = 97
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = v;code = 118
char = e;code = 101
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char = e;code = 101
char = f;code = 102
char = f;code = 102
char = e;code = 101
char = c;code = 99
char = t;code = 116
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char = o;code = 111
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char = Q;code = 81
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char = c;code = 99
char = e;code = 101
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char = i;code = 105
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char = c;code = 99
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char = c;code = 99
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char = l;code = 108
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char = i;code = 105
char = b;code = 98
char = i;code = 105
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char = i;code = 105
char = o;code = 111
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
char = o;code = 111
char = f;code = 102
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = P;code = 80
char = I;code = 73
char = 3;code = 51
char = K;code = 75
char = -;code = 45
char = A;code = 65
char = k;code = 107
char = t;code = 116
char = /;code = 47
char = P;code = 80
char = K;code = 75
char = B;code = 66
char = ;code = 32
char = p;code = 112
char = a;code = 97
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = w;code = 119
char = a;code = 97
char = y;code = 121
char = .;code = 46
result sql = The antiproliferative effect of Quercetin in cancer cells is mediated via inhibition of the PI3K-Akt/PKB pathway.
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char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
char = (;code = 40
char = Q;code = 81
char = u;code = 117
char = );code = 41
char = ;code = 32
char = s;code = 115
char = h;code = 104
char = a;code = 97
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = s;code = 115
char = ;code = 32
char = s;code = 115
char = t;code = 116
char = r;code = 114
char = u;code = 117
char = c;code = 99
char = t;code = 116
char = u;code = 117
char = r;code = 114
char = a;code = 97
char = l;code = 108
char = ;code = 32
char = h;code = 104
char = o;code = 111
char = m;code = 109
char = o;code = 111
char = l;code = 108
char = o;code = 111
char = g;code = 103
char = y;code = 121
char = ;code = 32
char = w;code = 119
char = i;code = 105
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = c;code = 99
char = o;code = 111
char = m;code = 109
char = m;code = 109
char = e;code = 101
char = r;code = 114
char = c;code = 99
char = i;code = 105
char = a;code = 97
char = l;code = 108
char = l;code = 108
char = y;code = 121
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = v;code = 118
char = a;code = 97
char = i;code = 105
char = l;code = 108
char = a;code = 97
char = b;code = 98
char = l;code = 108
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = s;code = 115
char = e;code = 101
char = l;code = 108
char = e;code = 101
char = c;code = 99
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = v;code = 118
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = P;code = 80
char = I;code = 73
char = 3;code = 51
char = K;code = 75
char = ;code = 32
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = h;code = 104
char = i;code = 105
char = b;code = 98
char = i;code = 105
char = t;code = 116
char = o;code = 111
char = r;code = 114
char = ,;code = 44
char = ;code = 32
char = L;code = 76
char = Y;code = 89
char = ;code = 32
char = 2;code = 50
char = 9;code = 57
char = 4;code = 52
char = 0;code = 48
char = 0;code = 48
char = 2;code = 50
char = ;code = 32
char = (;code = 40
char = L;code = 76
char = Y;code = 89
char = );code = 41
char = .;code = 46
char = ;code = 32
char = H;code = 72
char = e;code = 101
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = ,;code = 44
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = e;code = 101
char = f;code = 102
char = f;code = 102
char = e;code = 101
char = c;code = 99
char = t;code = 116
char = s;code = 115
char = ;code = 32
char = o;code = 111
char = f;code = 102
char = ;code = 32
char = Q;code = 81
char = u;code = 117
char = ;code = 32
char = o;code = 111
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = A;code = 65
char = k;code = 107
char = t;code = 116
char = /;code = 47
char = P;code = 80
char = K;code = 75
char = B;code = 66
char = ;code = 32
char = p;code = 112
char = a;code = 97
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = w;code = 119
char = a;code = 97
char = y;code = 121
char = ;code = 32
char = w;code = 119
char = e;code = 101
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = e;code = 101
char = v;code = 118
char = a;code = 97
char = l;code = 108
char = u;code = 117
char = a;code = 97
char = t;code = 116
char = e;code = 101
char = d;code = 100
char = .;code = 46
char = <;code = 60
char = b;code = 98
char = r;code = 114
char = /;code = 47
char = >;code = 62
char = <;code = 60
char = b;code = 98
char = r;code = 114
char = /;code = 47
char = >;code = 62
char = <;code = 60
char = b;code = 98
char = >;code = 62
char = M;code = 77
char = A;code = 65
char = T;code = 84
char = E;code = 69
char = R;code = 82
char = I;code = 73
char = A;code = 65
char = L;code = 76
char = S;code = 83
char = ;code = 32
char = A;code = 65
char = N;code = 78
char = D;code = 68
char = ;code = 32
char = M;code = 77
char = E;code = 69
char = T;code = 84
char = H;code = 72
char = O;code = 79
char = D;code = 68
char = S;code = 83
char = ;code = 32
char = :;code = 58
char = ;code = 32
char = <;code = 60
char = /;code = 47
char = b;code = 98
char = >;code = 62
char = T;code = 84
char = h;code = 104
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = h;code = 104
char = u;code = 117
char = m;code = 109
char = a;code = 97
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
char = b;code = 98
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = a;code = 97
char = s;code = 115
char = t;code = 116
char = ;code = 32
char = c;code = 99
char = a;code = 97
char = r;code = 114
char = c;code = 99
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = o;code = 111
char = m;code = 109
char = a;code = 97
char = ;code = 32
char = c;code = 99
char = e;code = 101
char = l;code = 108
char = l;code = 108
char = ;code = 32
char = l;code = 108
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = e;code = 101
char = s;code = 115
char = ,;code = 44
char = ;code = 32
char = H;code = 72
char = C;code = 67
char = C;code = 67
char = 1;code = 49
char = 9;code = 57
char = 3;code = 51
char = 7;code = 55
char = ,;code = 44
char = ;code = 32
char = w;code = 119
char = i;code = 105
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = ;code = 32
char = h;code = 104
char = o;code = 111
char = m;code = 109
char = o;code = 111
char = z;code = 122
char = y;code = 121
char = g;code = 103
char = o;code = 111
char = u;code = 117
char = s;code = 115
char = ;code = 32
char = d;code = 100
char = e;code = 101
char = l;code = 108
char = e;code = 101
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = o;code = 111
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
char = o;code = 111
char = f;code = 102
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = P;code = 80
char = T;code = 84
char = E;code = 69
char = N;code = 78
char = ;code = 32
char = g;code = 103
char = e;code = 101
char = n;code = 110
char = e;code = 101
char = ,;code = 44
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = n;code = 110
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = T;code = 84
char = 4;code = 52
char = 7;code = 55
char = D;code = 68
char = ,;code = 44
char = ;code = 32
char = w;code = 119
char = i;code = 105
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = ;code = 32
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = t;code = 116
char = a;code = 97
char = c;code = 99
char = t;code = 116
char = ;code = 32
char = P;code = 80
char = T;code = 84
char = E;code = 69
char = N;code = 78
char = ,;code = 44
char = ;code = 32
char = w;code = 119
char = e;code = 101
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = m;code = 109
char = e;code = 101
char = -;code = 45
char = t;code = 116
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = a;code = 97
char = t;code = 116
char = e;code = 101
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = w;code = 119
char = i;code = 105
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = ;code = 32
char = Q;code = 81
char = u;code = 117
char = ;code = 32
char = o;code = 111
char = r;code = 114
char = ;code = 32
char = L;code = 76
char = Y;code = 89
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = n;code = 110
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = n;code = 110
char = a;code = 97
char = l;code = 108
char = y;code = 121
char = z;code = 122
char = e;code = 101
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = f;code = 102
char = o;code = 111
char = r;code = 114
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = c;code = 99
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = v;code = 118
char = a;code = 97
char = t;code = 116
char = e;code = 101
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = l;code = 108
char = e;code = 101
char = v;code = 118
char = e;code = 101
char = l;code = 108
char = s;code = 115
char = ;code = 32
char = o;code = 111
char = f;code = 102
char = ;code = 32
char = A;code = 65
char = k;code = 107
char = t;code = 116
char = ;code = 32
char = b;code = 98
char = y;code = 121
char = ;code = 32
char = m;code = 109
char = e;code = 101
char = a;code = 97
char = s;code = 115
char = u;code = 117
char = r;code = 114
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = g;code = 103
char = ;code = 32
char = p;code = 112
char = h;code = 104
char = o;code = 111
char = s;code = 115
char = p;code = 112
char = h;code = 104
char = o;code = 111
char = -;code = 45
char = A;code = 65
char = k;code = 107
char = t;code = 116
char = ;code = 32
char = (;code = 40
char = p;code = 112
char = -;code = 45
char = A;code = 65
char = k;code = 107
char = t;code = 116
char = );code = 41
char = ;code = 32
char = l;code = 108
char = e;code = 101
char = v;code = 118
char = e;code = 101
char = l;code = 108
char = s;code = 115
char = ;code = 32
char = u;code = 117
char = s;code = 115
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = g;code = 103
char = ;code = 32
char = i;code = 105
char = m;code = 109
char = m;code = 109
char = u;code = 117
char = n;code = 110
char = o;code = 111
char = b;code = 98
char = l;code = 108
char = o;code = 111
char = t;code = 116
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = g;code = 103
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = n;code = 110
char = a;code = 97
char = l;code = 108
char = y;code = 121
char = s;code = 115
char = i;code = 105
char = s;code = 115
char = .;code = 46
char = ;code = 32
char = T;code = 84
char = o;code = 111
char = ;code = 32
char = d;code = 100
char = e;code = 101
char = t;code = 116
char = e;code = 101
char = c;code = 99
char = t;code = 116
char = ;code = 32
char = p;code = 112
char = -;code = 45
char = A;code = 65
char = k;code = 107
char = t;code = 116
char = ,;code = 44
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = T;code = 84
char = 4;code = 52
char = 7;code = 55
char = D;code = 68
char = ;code = 32
char = c;code = 99
char = e;code = 101
char = l;code = 108
char = l;code = 108
char = s;code = 115
char = ;code = 32
char = w;code = 119
char = e;code = 101
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = a;code = 97
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char = e;code = 101
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = w;code = 119
char = i;code = 105
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = ;code = 32
char = E;code = 69
char = G;code = 71
char = F;code = 70
char = ;code = 32
char = p;code = 112
char = r;code = 114
char = i;code = 105
char = o;code = 111
char = r;code = 114
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = o;code = 111
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = a;code = 97
char = t;code = 116
char = m;code = 109
char = e;code = 101
char = n;code = 110
char = t;code = 116
char = ;code = 32
char = w;code = 119
char = i;code = 105
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = ;code = 32
char = o;code = 111
char = r;code = 114
char = ;code = 32
char = w;code = 119
char = i;code = 105
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = o;code = 111
char = u;code = 117
char = t;code = 116
char = ;code = 32
char = Q;code = 81
char = u;code = 117
char = ;code = 32
char = o;code = 111
char = r;code = 114
char = ;code = 32
char = L;code = 76
char = Y;code = 89
char = ;code = 32
char = C;code = 67
char = e;code = 101
char = l;code = 108
char = l;code = 108
char = ;code = 32
char = p;code = 112
char = r;code = 114
char = o;code = 111
char = l;code = 108
char = i;code = 105
char = f;code = 102
char = e;code = 101
char = r;code = 114
char = a;code = 97
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = o;code = 111
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = f;code = 102
char = t;code = 116
char = e;code = 101
char = r;code = 114
char = ;code = 32
char = 2;code = 50
char = 4;code = 52
char = -;code = 45
char = h;code = 104
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char = t;code = 116
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = a;code = 97
char = t;code = 116
char = m;code = 109
char = e;code = 101
char = n;code = 110
char = t;code = 116
char = ;code = 32
char = w;code = 119
char = i;code = 105
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = ;code = 32
char = Q;code = 81
char = u;code = 117
char = ;code = 32
char = o;code = 111
char = r;code = 114
char = ;code = 32
char = L;code = 76
char = Y;code = 89
char = ;code = 32
char = w;code = 119
char = a;code = 97
char = s;code = 115
char = ;code = 32
char = q;code = 113
char = u;code = 117
char = a;code = 97
char = n;code = 110
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = f;code = 102
char = i;code = 105
char = e;code = 101
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = b;code = 98
char = y;code = 121
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = 3;code = 51
char = -;code = 45
char = (;code = 40
char = 4;code = 52
char = ,;code = 44
char = ;code = 32
char = 5;code = 53
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char = i;code = 105
char = m;code = 109
char = e;code = 101
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = y;code = 121
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char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = i;code = 105
char = a;code = 97
char = z;code = 122
char = o;code = 111
char = l;code = 108
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char = 2;code = 50
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char = l;code = 108
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char = ,;code = 44
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char = p;code = 112
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char = t;code = 116
char = e;code = 101
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char = r;code = 114
char = a;code = 97
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char = o;code = 111
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char = i;code = 105
char = u;code = 117
char = m;code = 109
char = ;code = 32
char = b;code = 98
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char = m;code = 109
char = i;code = 105
char = d;code = 100
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = (;code = 40
char = M;code = 77
char = T;code = 84
char = T;code = 84
char = );code = 41
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
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char = s;code = 115
char = a;code = 97
char = y;code = 121
char = .;code = 46
char = <;code = 60
char = b;code = 98
char = r;code = 114
char = /;code = 47
char = >;code = 62
char = <;code = 60
char = b;code = 98
char = r;code = 114
char = /;code = 47
char = >;code = 62
char = <;code = 60
char = b;code = 98
char = >;code = 62
char = R;code = 82
char = E;code = 69
char = S;code = 83
char = U;code = 85
char = L;code = 76
char = T;code = 84
char = S;code = 83
char = ;code = 32
char = :;code = 58
char = ;code = 32
char = <;code = 60
char = /;code = 47
char = b;code = 98
char = >;code = 62
char = T;code = 84
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = a;code = 97
char = t;code = 116
char = m;code = 109
char = e;code = 101
char = n;code = 110
char = t;code = 116
char = ;code = 32
char = w;code = 119
char = i;code = 105
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = ;code = 32
char = Q;code = 81
char = u;code = 117
char = ;code = 32
char = (;code = 40
char = 2;code = 50
char = 5;code = 53
char = ;code = 32
char = m;code = 109
char = i;code = 105
char = c;code = 99
char = r;code = 114
char = o;code = 111
char = M;code = 77
char = );code = 41
char = ;code = 32
char = f;code = 102
char = o;code = 111
char = r;code = 114
char = ;code = 32
char = 0;code = 48
char = .;code = 46
char = 5;code = 53
char = ,;code = 44
char = ;code = 32
char = 1;code = 49
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = n;code = 110
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = 3;code = 51
char = ;code = 32
char = h;code = 104
char = ;code = 32
char = c;code = 99
char = o;code = 111
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char = p;code = 112
char = l;code = 108
char = e;code = 101
char = t;code = 116
char = e;code = 101
char = l;code = 108
char = y;code = 121
char = ;code = 32
char = s;code = 115
char = u;code = 117
char = p;code = 112
char = p;code = 112
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = s;code = 115
char = s;code = 115
char = e;code = 101
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = c;code = 99
char = o;code = 111
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char = s;code = 115
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char = i;code = 105
char = t;code = 116
char = u;code = 117
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = v;code = 118
char = e;code = 101
char = l;code = 108
char = y;code = 121
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = c;code = 99
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = v;code = 118
char = a;code = 97
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char = e;code = 101
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = A;code = 65
char = k;code = 107
char = t;code = 116
char = /;code = 47
char = P;code = 80
char = K;code = 75
char = B;code = 66
char = ;code = 32
char = p;code = 112
char = h;code = 104
char = o;code = 111
char = s;code = 115
char = p;code = 112
char = h;code = 104
char = o;code = 111
char = r;code = 114
char = y;code = 121
char = l;code = 108
char = a;code = 97
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = o;code = 111
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = t;code = 116
char = ;code = 32
char = S;code = 83
char = e;code = 101
char = r;code = 114
char = -;code = 45
char = 4;code = 52
char = 7;code = 55
char = 3;code = 51
char = ;code = 32
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
char = H;code = 72
char = C;code = 67
char = C;code = 67
char = 1;code = 49
char = 9;code = 57
char = 3;code = 51
char = 7;code = 55
char = ;code = 32
char = c;code = 99
char = e;code = 101
char = l;code = 108
char = l;code = 108
char = s;code = 115
char = .;code = 46
char = ;code = 32
char = P;code = 80
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = -;code = 45
char = e;code = 101
char = x;code = 120
char = p;code = 112
char = o;code = 111
char = s;code = 115
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = g;code = 103
char = ;code = 32
char = T;code = 84
char = 4;code = 52
char = 7;code = 55
char = D;code = 68
char = ;code = 32
char = c;code = 99
char = e;code = 101
char = l;code = 108
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result sql = BACKGROUND : The tumor suppressor gene PTEN, mutated in 40-50% of patients with brain tumors, especially those with glioblastomas, maps to chromosome 10q23.3 and encodes a dual-specificity phosphatase. PTEN exerts its effects partly via inhibition of protein tyrosine kinase B (Akt/Protein Kinase B), which is involved in the phosphatidylinositol (PtdIns) 3-kinase (PI3K)-mediated cell-survival pathway. The naturally occurring bioflavonoid Quercetin (Qu) shares structural homology with the commercially available selective PI3K inhibitor, LY 294002 (LY). Here, the effects of Qu on the Akt/PKB pathway were evaluated.
MATERIALS AND METHODS : The human breast carcinoma cell lines, HCC1937, with homozygous deletion of the PTEN gene, and T47D, with intact PTEN, were time-treated with Qu or LY and analyzed for activated levels of Akt by measuring phospho-Akt (p-Akt) levels using immunoblotting analysis. To detect p-Akt, the T47D cells were treated with EGF prior to treatment with or without Qu or LY Cell proliferation after 24-h treatment with Qu or LY was quantified by the 3-(4, 5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2, 5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay.
RESULTS : Treatment with Qu (25 microM) for 0.5, 1 and 3 h completely suppressed constitutively activated Akt/PKB phosphorylation at Ser-473 in HCC1937 cells. Pre-exposing T47D cells to Qu (25 microM) or LY (10 microM) abrogated EGF-induced Akt/PKB phosphorylation at Ser-473. Both Qu (100 microM) and LY (50 microM) treatments for 24 h significantly decreased cell proliferation, as shown by the MTT assay.
CONCLUSION : Pharmacologically safe doses of the naturally occurring bioflavonoid Qu inhibit the PI3K-Akt/PKB pathway, in a manner similar to that of the commercially available LY. Overall, our results indicated that Qu inhibited the constitutively activated-Akt/PKB pathway in PTEN-null cancer cells, and suggest that this compound may have therapeutic benefit against tumorigenesis and cancer progression.
Publication: Anticancer Res. 2006 Mar-Apr ;26(2A)::1177-81.
Publication Date: 2006 Mar-Apr
Study Author(s): Gulati, Nicholas;Laudet, Beatrice;Zohrabian, Vahe Michael;Murali, Raj;Jhanwar-Uniyal, Meena;
Institution: Department of Neurosurgery, New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY 10595, USA.
Shortcut link to this study:
Publication Date: 2006 Mar-Apr
Study Author(s): Gulati, Nicholas;Laudet, Beatrice;Zohrabian, Vahe Michael;Murali, Raj;Jhanwar-Uniyal, Meena;
Institution: Department of Neurosurgery, New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY 10595, USA.
Shortcut link to this study:
BACKGROUND : The tumor suppressor gene PTEN, mutated in 40-50% of patients with brain tumors, especially those with glioblastomas, maps to chromosome 10q23.3 and encodes a dual-specificity phosphatase. PTEN exerts its effects partly via inhibition of protein tyrosine kinase B (Akt/Protein Kinase B), which is involved in the phosphatidylinositol (PtdIns) 3-kinase (PI3K)-mediated cell-survival pathway. The naturally occurring bioflavonoid Quercetin (Qu) shares structural homology with the commercially available selective PI3K inhibitor, LY 294002 (LY). Here, the effects of Qu on the Akt/PKB pathway were evaluated.
MATERIALS AND METHODS : The human breast carcinoma cell lines, HCC1937, with homozygous deletion of the PTEN gene, and T47D, with intact PTEN, were time-treated with Qu or LY and analyzed for activated levels of Akt by measuring phospho-Akt (p-Akt) levels using immunoblotting analysis. To detect p-Akt, the T47D cells were treated with EGF prior to treatment with or without Qu or LY Cell proliferation after 24-h treatment with Qu or LY was quantified by the 3-(4, 5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2, 5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay.
RESULTS : Treatment with Qu (25 microM) for 0.5, 1 and 3 h completely suppressed constitutively activated Akt/PKB phosphorylation at Ser-473 in HCC1937 cells. Pre-exposing T47D cells to Qu (25 microM) or LY (10 microM) abrogated EGF-induced Akt/PKB phosphorylation at Ser-473. Both Qu (100 microM) and LY (50 microM) treatments for 24 h significantly decreased cell proliferation, as shown by the MTT assay.
CONCLUSION : Pharmacologically safe doses of the naturally occurring bioflavonoid Qu inhibit the PI3K-Akt/PKB pathway, in a manner similar to that of the commercially available LY. Overall, our results indicated that Qu inhibited the constitutively activated-Akt/PKB pathway in PTEN-null cancer cells, and suggest that this compound may have therapeutic benefit against tumorigenesis and cancer progression.
MATERIALS AND METHODS : The human breast carcinoma cell lines, HCC1937, with homozygous deletion of the PTEN gene, and T47D, with intact PTEN, were time-treated with Qu or LY and analyzed for activated levels of Akt by measuring phospho-Akt (p-Akt) levels using immunoblotting analysis. To detect p-Akt, the T47D cells were treated with EGF prior to treatment with or without Qu or LY Cell proliferation after 24-h treatment with Qu or LY was quantified by the 3-(4, 5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2, 5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay.
RESULTS : Treatment with Qu (25 microM) for 0.5, 1 and 3 h completely suppressed constitutively activated Akt/PKB phosphorylation at Ser-473 in HCC1937 cells. Pre-exposing T47D cells to Qu (25 microM) or LY (10 microM) abrogated EGF-induced Akt/PKB phosphorylation at Ser-473. Both Qu (100 microM) and LY (50 microM) treatments for 24 h significantly decreased cell proliferation, as shown by the MTT assay.
CONCLUSION : Pharmacologically safe doses of the naturally occurring bioflavonoid Qu inhibit the PI3K-Akt/PKB pathway, in a manner similar to that of the commercially available LY. Overall, our results indicated that Qu inhibited the constitutively activated-Akt/PKB pathway in PTEN-null cancer cells, and suggest that this compound may have therapeutic benefit against tumorigenesis and cancer progression.
PMID: 16619521
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