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result sql = Autocrine prolactin promotes prostate cancer cell growth via Janus kinase-2-signal transducer and activator of transcription-5a/b signaling pathway.
Autocrine prolactin promotes prostate cancer cell growth via Janus kinase-2-signal transducer and activator of transcription-5a/b signaling pathway.
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char = t;code = 116
char = o;code = 111
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char = n;code = 110
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char = ;code = 32
char = P;code = 80
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char = l;code = 108
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char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
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char = d;code = 100
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char = e;code = 101
char = p;code = 112
char = e;code = 101
char = n;code = 110
char = d;code = 100
char = e;code = 101
char = n;code = 110
char = t;code = 116
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char = h;code = 104
char = u;code = 117
char = m;code = 109
char = a;code = 97
char = n;code = 110
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char = r;code = 114
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char = s;code = 115
char = t;code = 116
char = a;code = 97
char = t;code = 116
char = e;code = 101
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char = c;code = 99
char = a;code = 97
char = n;code = 110
char = c;code = 99
char = e;code = 101
char = r;code = 114
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char = c;code = 99
char = e;code = 101
char = l;code = 108
char = l;code = 108
char = s;code = 115
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char = p;code = 112
char = r;code = 114
char = o;code = 111
char = m;code = 109
char = o;code = 111
char = t;code = 116
char = e;code = 101
char = s;code = 115
char = ;code = 32
char = c;code = 99
char = e;code = 101
char = l;code = 108
char = l;code = 108
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char = v;code = 118
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char = a;code = 97
char = b;code = 98
char = i;code = 105
char = l;code = 108
char = i;code = 105
char = t;code = 116
char = y;code = 121
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char = v;code = 118
char = i;code = 105
char = a;code = 97
char = ;code = 32
char = S;code = 83
char = t;code = 116
char = a;code = 97
char = t;code = 116
char = 5;code = 53
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char = s;code = 115
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char = g;code = 103
char = n;code = 110
char = a;code = 97
char = l;code = 108
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
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char = p;code = 112
char = a;code = 97
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char = h;code = 104
char = w;code = 119
char = a;code = 97
char = y;code = 121
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char = ;code = 32
char = F;code = 70
char = u;code = 117
char = r;code = 114
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = e;code = 101
char = r;code = 114
char = m;code = 109
char = o;code = 111
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = ,;code = 44
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char = w;code = 119
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = e;code = 101
char = x;code = 120
char = a;code = 97
char = m;code = 109
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char = n;code = 110
char = e;code = 101
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
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char = u;code = 117
char = n;code = 110
char = i;code = 105
char = q;code = 113
char = u;code = 117
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = c;code = 99
char = l;code = 108
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = i;code = 105
char = c;code = 99
char = a;code = 97
char = l;code = 108
char = ;code = 32
char = m;code = 109
char = a;code = 97
char = t;code = 116
char = e;code = 101
char = r;code = 114
char = i;code = 105
char = a;code = 97
char = l;code = 108
char = ;code = 32
char = o;code = 111
char = f;code = 102
char = ;code = 32
char = h;code = 104
char = u;code = 117
char = m;code = 109
char = a;code = 97
char = n;code = 110
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char = h;code = 104
char = o;code = 111
char = r;code = 114
char = m;code = 109
char = o;code = 111
char = n;code = 110
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = f;code = 102
char = r;code = 114
char = a;code = 97
char = c;code = 99
char = t;code = 116
char = o;code = 111
char = r;code = 114
char = y;code = 121
char = ;code = 32
char = p;code = 112
char = r;code = 114
char = o;code = 111
char = s;code = 115
char = t;code = 116
char = a;code = 97
char = t;code = 116
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = c;code = 99
char = a;code = 97
char = n;code = 110
char = c;code = 99
char = e;code = 101
char = r;code = 114
char = s;code = 115
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = n;code = 110
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = m;code = 109
char = e;code = 101
char = t;code = 116
char = a;code = 97
char = s;code = 115
char = t;code = 116
char = a;code = 97
char = s;code = 115
char = e;code = 101
char = s;code = 115
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = n;code = 110
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = s;code = 115
char = h;code = 104
char = o;code = 111
char = w;code = 119
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = a;code = 97
char = t;code = 116
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = u;code = 117
char = t;code = 116
char = o;code = 111
char = c;code = 99
char = r;code = 114
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = P;code = 80
char = r;code = 114
char = l;code = 108
char = ;code = 32
char = i;code = 105
char = s;code = 115
char = ;code = 32
char = e;code = 101
char = x;code = 120
char = p;code = 112
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = s;code = 115
char = s;code = 115
char = e;code = 101
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
char = 5;code = 53
char = 4;code = 52
char = %;code = 37
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char = o;code = 111
char = f;code = 102
char = ;code = 32
char = h;code = 104
char = o;code = 111
char = r;code = 114
char = m;code = 109
char = o;code = 111
char = n;code = 110
char = e;code = 101
char = -;code = 45
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = f;code = 102
char = r;code = 114
char = a;code = 97
char = c;code = 99
char = t;code = 116
char = o;code = 111
char = r;code = 114
char = y;code = 121
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char = c;code = 99
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char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
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char = c;code = 99
char = a;code = 97
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char = h;code = 104
char = u;code = 117
char = m;code = 109
char = a;code = 97
char = n;code = 110
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char = p;code = 112
char = r;code = 114
char = o;code = 111
char = s;code = 115
char = t;code = 116
char = a;code = 97
char = t;code = 116
char = e;code = 101
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char = c;code = 99
char = a;code = 97
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char = c;code = 99
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char = r;code = 114
char = s;code = 115
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char = a;code = 97
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char = d;code = 100
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char = 6;code = 54
char = 2;code = 50
char = %;code = 37
char = ;code = 32
char = p;code = 112
char = r;code = 114
char = o;code = 111
char = s;code = 115
char = t;code = 116
char = a;code = 97
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char = e;code = 101
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char = c;code = 99
char = a;code = 97
char = n;code = 110
char = c;code = 99
char = e;code = 101
char = r;code = 114
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char = m;code = 109
char = e;code = 101
char = t;code = 116
char = a;code = 97
char = s;code = 115
char = t;code = 116
char = a;code = 97
char = s;code = 115
char = e;code = 101
char = s;code = 115
char = .;code = 46
char = ;code = 32
char = F;code = 70
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = a;code = 97
char = l;code = 108
char = l;code = 108
char = y;code = 121
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char = w;code = 119
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char = d;code = 100
char = e;code = 101
char = m;code = 109
char = o;code = 111
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char = s;code = 115
char = t;code = 116
char = r;code = 114
char = a;code = 97
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char = e;code = 101
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char = t;code = 116
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char = a;code = 97
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char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
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char = t;code = 116
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char = c;code = 99
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char = e;code = 101
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char = P;code = 80
char = r;code = 114
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char = i;code = 105
char = s;code = 115
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char = s;code = 115
char = s;code = 115
char = e;code = 101
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char = b;code = 98
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char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
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char = r;code = 114
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char = a;code = 97
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char = e;code = 101
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char = P;code = 80
char = r;code = 114
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char = g;code = 103
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char = c;code = 99
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char = c;code = 99
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char = u;code = 117
char = m;code = 109
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char = p;code = 112
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char = t;code = 116
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char = v;code = 118
char = i;code = 105
char = v;code = 118
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char = a;code = 97
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char = t;code = 116
char = r;code = 114
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char = h;code = 104
char = u;code = 117
char = m;code = 109
char = a;code = 97
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char = s;code = 115
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char = c;code = 99
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char = m;code = 109
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char = e;code = 101
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char = t;code = 116
char = l;code = 108
char = y;code = 121
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char = o;code = 111
char = f;code = 102
char = ;code = 32
char = p;code = 112
char = i;code = 105
char = t;code = 116
char = u;code = 117
char = i;code = 105
char = t;code = 116
char = a;code = 97
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char = y;code = 121
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char = t;code = 116
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char = a;code = 97
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char = s;code = 115
char = c;code = 99
char = r;code = 114
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char = p;code = 112
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = o;code = 111
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char = f;code = 102
char = a;code = 97
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char = t;code = 116
char = o;code = 111
char = r;code = 114
char = -;code = 45
char = 1;code = 49
char = ;code = 32
char = (;code = 40
char = P;code = 80
char = i;code = 105
char = t;code = 116
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char = 1;code = 49
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char = .;code = 46
char = ;code = 32
char = C;code = 67
char = o;code = 111
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char = l;code = 108
char = e;code = 101
char = c;code = 99
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char = a;code = 97
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char = t;code = 116
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char = r;code = 114
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char = i;code = 105
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char = s;code = 115
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char = e;code = 101
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char = c;code = 99
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char = n;code = 110
char = c;code = 99
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char = r;code = 114
char = .;code = 46
char = ;code = 32
char = T;code = 84
char = h;code = 104
char = e;code = 101
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char = s;code = 115
char = t;code = 116
char = u;code = 117
char = d;code = 100
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char = p;code = 112
char = p;code = 112
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char = o;code = 111
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char = t;code = 116
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char = e;code = 101
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char = u;code = 117
char = s;code = 115
char = e;code = 101
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char = o;code = 111
char = f;code = 102
char = ;code = 32
char = P;code = 80
char = r;code = 114
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char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = c;code = 99
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char = p;code = 112
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char = a;code = 97
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char = i;code = 105
char = s;code = 115
char = t;code = 116
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char = o;code = 111
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char = a;code = 97
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char = u;code = 117
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
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char = a;code = 97
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char = e;code = 101
char = g;code = 103
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char = e;code = 101
char = s;code = 115
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char = b;code = 98
char = l;code = 108
char = o;code = 111
char = c;code = 99
char = k;code = 107
char = ;code = 32
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result sql = The molecular mechanisms that promote progression of localized prostate cancer to hormone-refractory and disseminated disease are poorly understood. Prolactin (Prl) is a local growth factor produced in high-grade prostate cancer, and exogenously added Prl in tissue or explant cultures of normal and malignant prostate is a strong mitogen and survival factor for prostate epithelium. The key signaling proteins that mediate the biological effects of Prl in prostate cancer are Signal Transducer and Activator of Transcription (Stat)-5a/5b via activation of Janus kinase-2. Importantly, inhibition of Stat5a/b in prostate cancer cells induces apoptotic death. Using a specific Prl receptor antagonist (Delta1-9G129R-hPRL), we demonstrate here for the first time that autocrine Prl in androgen-independent human prostate cancer cells promotes cell viability via Stat5 signaling pathway. Furthermore, we examined a unique clinical material of human hormone refractory prostate cancers and metastases and show that autocrine Prl is expressed in 54% of hormone-refractory clinical human prostate cancers and 62% prostate cancer metastases. Finally, we demonstrate that autocrine Prl is expressed from both the proximal and distal promoters of the Prl gene in clinical human prostate cancers and in vivo and in vitro human prostate cancer models, independently of pituitary transcription factor-1 (Pit-1). Collectively, the data provide novel evidence for the concept that autocrine Prl signaling pathway is involved in growth of hormone-refractory and metastatic prostate cancer. The study also provides support for the use of Prl receptor antagonists or other therapeutic strategies to block the Prl-Janus kinase-2-Stat5 signaling pathway in advanced prostate cancer.

Publication: Endocrinology 2007 Jul ;148(7)::3089-101.
Publication Date: 2007 Jul
Study Author(s): Dagvadorj, Ayush;Collins, Sean;Jomain, Jean-Baptiste;Abdulghani, Junaid;Karras, James;Zellweger, Tobias;Li, Hongzhen;Nurmi, Martti;Alanen, Kalle;Mirtti, Tuomas;Visakorpi, Tapio;Bubendorf, Lukas;Goffin, Vincent;Nevalainen, Marja T;
Institution: Department of Cancer Biology, Kimmel Cancer Center, Thomas Jefferson University, BLSB 309B, 233 South 10th Street, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19107, USA, and Department of Surgery, University Hospital of Turku, Finland.
Shortcut link to this study:
The molecular mechanisms that promote progression of localized prostate cancer to hormone-refractory and disseminated disease are poorly understood. Prolactin (Prl) is a local growth factor produced in high-grade prostate cancer, and exogenously added Prl in tissue or explant cultures of normal and malignant prostate is a strong mitogen and survival factor for prostate epithelium. The key signaling proteins that mediate the biological effects of Prl in prostate cancer are Signal Transducer and Activator of Transcription (Stat)-5a/5b via activation of Janus kinase-2. Importantly, inhibition of Stat5a/b in prostate cancer cells induces apoptotic death. Using a specific Prl receptor antagonist (Delta1-9G129R-hPRL), we demonstrate here for the first time that autocrine Prl in androgen-independent human prostate cancer cells promotes cell viability via Stat5 signaling pathway. Furthermore, we examined a unique clinical material of human hormone refractory prostate cancers and metastases and show that autocrine Prl is expressed in 54% of hormone-refractory clinical human prostate cancers and 62% prostate cancer metastases. Finally, we demonstrate that autocrine Prl is expressed from both the proximal and distal promoters of the Prl gene in clinical human prostate cancers and in vivo and in vitro human prostate cancer models, independently of pituitary transcription factor-1 (Pit-1). Collectively, the data provide novel evidence for the concept that autocrine Prl signaling pathway is involved in growth of hormone-refractory and metastatic prostate cancer. The study also provides support for the use of Prl receptor antagonists or other therapeutic strategies to block the Prl-Janus kinase-2-Stat5 signaling pathway in advanced prostate cancer.
PMID: 17412813

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