char = S;code = 83 char = u;code = 117 char = s;code = 115 char = c;code = 99 char = e;code = 101 char = p;code = 112 char = t;code = 116 char = i;code = 105 char = b;code = 98 char = i;code = 105 char = l;code = 108 char = i;code = 105 char = t;code = 116 char = y;code = 121 char = ;code = 32 char = t;code = 116 char = o;code = 111 char = ;code = 32 char = g;code = 103 char = u;code = 117 char = t;code = 116 char = ;code = 32 char = l;code = 108 char = e;code = 101 char = a;code = 97 char = k;code = 107 char = i;code = 105 char = n;code = 110 char = e;code = 101 char = s;code = 115 char = s;code = 115 char = :;code = 58 char = ;code = 32 char = a;code = 97 char = ;code = 32 char = p;code = 112 char = o;code = 111 char = s;code = 115 char = s;code = 115 char = i;code = 105 char = b;code = 98 char = l;code = 108 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = m;code = 109 char = e;code = 101 char = c;code = 99 char = h;code = 104 char = a;code = 97 char = n;code = 110 char = i;code = 105 char = s;code = 115 char = m;code = 109 char = ;code = 32 char = f;code = 102 char = o;code = 111 char = r;code = 114 char = ;code = 32 char = e;code = 101 char = n;code = 110 char = d;code = 100 char = o;code = 111 char = t;code = 116 char = o;code = 111 char = x;code = 120 char = a;code = 97 char = e;code = 101 char = m;code = 109 char = i;code = 105 char = a;code = 97 char = ;code = 32 char = i;code = 105 char = n;code = 110 char = ;code = 32 char = n;code = 110 char = o;code = 111 char = n;code = 110 char = -;code = 45 char = a;code = 97 char = l;code = 108 char = c;code = 99 char = o;code = 111 char = h;code = 104 char = o;code = 111 char = l;code = 108 char = i;code = 105 char = c;code = 99 char = ;code = 32 char = s;code = 115 char = t;code = 116 char = e;code = 101 char = a;code = 97 char = t;code = 116 char = o;code = 111 char = h;code = 104 char = e;code = 101 char = p;code = 112 char = a;code = 97 char = t;code = 116 char = i;code = 105 char = t;code = 116 char = i;code = 105 char = s;code = 115 char = .;code = 46 result sql = Susceptibility to gut leakiness: a possible mechanism for endotoxaemia in non-alcoholic steatohepatitis.
Susceptibility to gut leakiness: a possible mechanism for endotoxaemia in non-alcoholic steatohepatitis.char = <;code = 60 char = b;code = 98 char = >;code = 62 char = I;code = 73 char = N;code = 78 char = T;code = 84 char = R;code = 82 char = O;code = 79 char = D;code = 68 char = U;code = 85 char = C;code = 67 char = T;code = 84 char = I;code = 73 char = O;code = 79 char = N;code = 78 char = ;code = 32 char = :;code = 58 char = ;code = 32 char = <;code = 60 char = /;code = 47 char = b;code = 98 char = >;code = 62 char = O;code = 79 char = n;code = 110 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = o;code = 111 char = f;code = 102 char = ;code = 32 char = t;code = 116 char = h;code = 104 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = p;code = 112 char = r;code = 114 char = o;code = 111 char = p;code = 112 char = o;code = 111 char = s;code = 115 char = e;code = 101 char = d;code = 100 char = ;code = 32 char = s;code = 115 char = e;code = 101 char = c;code = 99 char = o;code = 111 char = n;code = 110 char = d;code = 100 char = ;code = 32 char = h;code = 104 char = i;code = 105 char = t;code = 116 char = ;code = 32 char = m;code = 109 char = e;code = 101 char = c;code = 99 char = h;code = 104 char = a;code = 97 char = n;code = 110 char = i;code = 105 char = s;code = 115 char = m;code = 109 char = s;code = 115 char = ;code = 32 char = i;code = 105 char = n;code = 110 char = ;code = 32 char = t;code = 116 char = h;code = 104 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = p;code = 112 char = a;code = 97 char = t;code = 116 char = h;code = 104 char = o;code = 111 char = p;code = 112 char = h;code = 104 char = y;code = 121 char = s;code = 115 char = i;code = 105 char = o;code = 111 char = l;code = 108 char = o;code = 111 char = g;code = 103 char = y;code = 121 char = ;code = 32 char = o;code = 111 char = f;code = 102 char = ;code = 32 char = n;code = 110 char = o;code = 111 char = n;code = 110 char = -;code = 45 char = a;code = 97 char = l;code = 108 char = c;code = 99 char = o;code = 111 char = h;code = 104 char = o;code = 111 char = l;code = 108 char = i;code = 105 char = c;code = 99 char = ;code = 32 char = s;code = 115 char = t;code = 116 char = e;code = 101 char = a;code = 97 char = t;code = 116 char = o;code = 111 char = h;code = 104 char = e;code = 101 char = p;code = 112 char = a;code = 97 char = t;code = 116 char = i;code = 105 char = t;code = 116 char = i;code = 105 char = s;code = 115 char = ;code = 32 char = (;code = 40 char = N;code = 78 char = A;code = 65 char = S;code = 83 char = H;code = 72 char = );code = 41 char = ;code = 32 char = i;code = 105 char = s;code = 115 char = ;code = 32 char = h;code = 104 char = e;code = 101 char = p;code = 112 char = a;code = 97 char = t;code = 116 char = i;code = 105 char = c;code = 99 char = ;code = 32 char = o;code = 111 char = x;code = 120 char = i;code = 105 char = d;code = 100 char = a;code = 97 char = t;code = 116 char = i;code = 105 char = v;code = 118 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = s;code = 115 char = t;code = 116 char = r;code = 114 char = e;code = 101 char = s;code = 115 char = s;code = 115 char = ;code = 32 char = t;code = 116 char = r;code = 114 char = i;code = 105 char = g;code = 103 char = g;code = 103 char = e;code = 101 char = r;code = 114 char = e;code = 101 char = d;code = 100 char = ;code = 32 char = b;code = 98 char = y;code = 121 char = ;code = 32 char = e;code = 101 char = l;code = 108 char = e;code = 101 char = v;code = 118 char = a;code = 97 char = t;code = 116 char = e;code = 101 char = d;code = 100 char = ;code = 32 char = l;code = 108 char = e;code = 101 char = v;code = 118 char = e;code = 101 char = l;code = 108 char = s;code = 115 char = ;code = 32 char = o;code = 111 char = f;code = 102 char = ;code = 32 char = e;code = 101 char = n;code = 110 char = d;code = 100 char = o;code = 111 char = t;code = 116 char = o;code = 111 char = x;code = 120 char = i;code = 105 char = n;code = 110 char = .;code = 46 char = ;code = 32 char = W;code = 87 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = i;code = 105 char = n;code = 110 char = v;code = 118 char = e;code = 101 char = s;code = 115 char = t;code = 116 char = i;code = 105 char = g;code = 103 char = a;code = 97 char = t;code = 116 char = e;code = 101 char = d;code = 100 char = ;code = 32 char = o;code = 111 char = n;code = 110 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = p;code = 112 char = o;code = 111 char = s;code = 115 char = s;code = 115 char = i;code = 105 char = b;code = 98 char = l;code = 108 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = m;code = 109 char = e;code = 101 char = c;code = 99 char = h;code = 104 char = a;code = 97 char = n;code = 110 char = i;code = 105 char = s;code = 115 char = m;code = 109 char = ;code = 32 char = f;code = 102 char = o;code = 111 char = r;code = 114 char = ;code = 32 char = t;code = 116 char = h;code = 104 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = e;code = 101 char = n;code = 110 char = d;code = 100 char = o;code = 111 char = t;code = 116 char = o;code = 111 char = x;code = 120 char = a;code = 97 char = e;code = 101 char = m;code = 109 char = i;code = 105 char = a;code = 97 char = -;code = 45 char = -;code = 45 char = d;code = 100 char = i;code = 105 char = s;code = 115 char = r;code = 114 char = u;code = 117 char = p;code = 112 char = t;code = 116 char = i;code = 105 char = o;code = 111 char = n;code = 110 char = ;code = 32 char = o;code = 111 char = f;code = 102 char = ;code = 32 char = i;code = 105 char = n;code = 110 char = t;code = 116 char = e;code = 101 char = s;code = 115 char = t;code = 116 char = i;code = 105 char = n;code = 110 char = a;code = 97 char = l;code = 108 char = ;code = 32 char = b;code = 98 char = a;code = 97 char = r;code = 114 char = r;code = 114 char = i;code = 105 char = e;code = 101 char = r;code = 114 char = ;code = 32 char = i;code = 105 char = n;code = 110 char = t;code = 116 char = e;code = 101 char = g;code = 103 char = r;code = 114 char = i;code = 105 char = t;code = 116 char = y;code = 121 char = .;code = 46 char = <;code = 60 char = b;code = 98 char = r;code = 114 char = /;code = 47 char = >;code = 62 char = <;code = 60 char = b;code = 98 char = r;code = 114 char = /;code = 47 char = >;code = 62 char = <;code = 60 char = b;code = 98 char = >;code = 62 char = M;code = 77 char = E;code = 69 char = T;code = 84 char = H;code = 72 char = O;code = 79 char = D;code = 68 char = S;code = 83 char = ;code = 32 char = :;code = 58 char = ;code = 32 char = <;code = 60 char = /;code = 47 char = b;code = 98 char = >;code = 62 char = W;code = 87 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = e;code = 101 char = n;code = 110 char = r;code = 114 char = o;code = 111 char = l;code = 108 char = l;code = 108 char = e;code = 101 char = d;code = 100 char = ;code = 32 char = 1;code = 49 char = 6;code = 54 char = ;code = 32 char = s;code = 115 char = u;code = 117 char = b;code = 98 char = j;code = 106 char = e;code = 101 char = c;code = 99 char = t;code = 116 char = s;code = 115 char = ;code = 32 char = w;code = 119 char = i;code = 105 char = t;code = 116 char = h;code = 104 char = ;code = 32 char = f;code = 102 char = a;code = 97 char = t;code = 116 char = t;code = 116 char = y;code = 121 char = ;code = 32 char = l;code = 108 char = i;code = 105 char = v;code = 118 char = e;code = 101 char = r;code = 114 char = ;code = 32 char = (;code = 40 char = 1;code = 49 char = 0;code = 48 char = ;code = 32 char = N;code = 78 char = A;code = 65 char = S;code = 83 char = H;code = 72 char = ;;code = 59 char = ;code = 32 char = 6;code = 54 char = ;code = 32 char = s;code = 115 char = t;code = 116 char = e;code = 101 char = a;code = 97 char = t;code = 116 char = o;code = 111 char = s;code = 115 char = i;code = 105 char = s;code = 115 char = );code = 41 char = ;code = 32 char = a;code = 97 char = n;code = 110 char = d;code = 100 char = ;code = 32 char = 1;code = 49 char = 2;code = 50 char = ;code = 32 char = h;code = 104 char = e;code = 101 char = a;code = 97 char = l;code = 108 char = t;code = 116 char = h;code = 104 char = y;code = 121 char = ;code = 32 char = s;code = 115 char = u;code = 117 char = b;code = 98 char = j;code = 106 char = e;code = 101 char = c;code = 99 char = t;code = 116 char = s;code = 115 char = .;code = 46 char = ;code = 32 char = S;code = 83 char = t;code = 116 char = e;code = 101 char = a;code = 97 char = t;code = 116 char = o;code = 111 char = s;code = 115 char = i;code = 105 char = s;code = 115 char = ;code = 32 char = a;code = 97 char = n;code = 110 char = d;code = 100 char = ;code = 32 char = N;code = 78 char = A;code = 65 char = S;code = 83 char = H;code = 72 char = ;code = 32 char = w;code = 119 char = e;code = 101 char = r;code = 114 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = d;code = 100 char = i;code = 105 char = a;code = 97 char = g;code = 103 char = n;code = 110 char = o;code = 111 char = s;code = 115 char = e;code = 101 char = d;code = 100 char = ;code = 32 char = b;code = 98 char = y;code = 121 char = ;code = 32 char = l;code = 108 char = i;code = 105 char = v;code = 118 char = e;code = 101 char = r;code = 114 char = ;code = 32 char = b;code = 98 char = i;code = 105 char = o;code = 111 char = p;code = 112 char = s;code = 115 char = y;code = 121 char = ;code = 32 char = u;code = 117 char = s;code = 115 char = i;code = 105 char = n;code = 110 char = g;code = 103 char = ;code = 32 char = t;code = 116 char = h;code = 104 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = B;code = 66 char = r;code = 114 char = u;code = 117 char = n;code = 110 char = t;code = 116 char = ;code = 32 char = c;code = 99 char = r;code = 114 char = i;code = 105 char = t;code = 116 char = e;code = 101 char = r;code = 114 char = i;code = 105 char = a;code = 97 char = .;code = 46 char = ;code = 32 char = G;code = 71 char = a;code = 97 char = s;code = 115 char = t;code = 116 char = r;code = 114 char = o;code = 111 char = i;code = 105 char = n;code = 110 char = t;code = 116 char = e;code = 101 char = s;code = 115 char = t;code = 116 char = i;code = 105 char = n;code = 110 char = a;code = 97 char = l;code = 108 char = ;code = 32 char = p;code = 112 char = e;code = 101 char = r;code = 114 char = m;code = 109 char = e;code = 101 char = a;code = 97 char = b;code = 98 char = i;code = 105 char = l;code = 108 char = i;code = 105 char = t;code = 116 char = y;code = 121 char = ;code = 32 char = w;code = 119 char = a;code = 97 char = s;code = 115 char = ;code = 32 char = m;code = 109 char = e;code = 101 char = a;code = 97 char = s;code = 115 char = u;code = 117 char = r;code = 114 char = e;code = 101 char = d;code = 100 char = ;code = 32 char = u;code = 117 char = s;code = 115 char = i;code = 105 char = n;code = 110 char = g;code = 103 char = ;code = 32 char = u;code = 117 char = r;code = 114 char = i;code = 105 char = n;code = 110 char = a;code = 97 char = r;code = 114 char = y;code = 121 char = ;code = 32 char = e;code = 101 char = x;code = 120 char = c;code = 99 char = r;code = 114 char = e;code = 101 char = t;code = 116 char = i;code = 105 char = o;code = 111 char = n;code = 110 char = ;code = 32 char = o;code = 111 char = f;code = 102 char = ;code = 32 char = 5;code = 53 char = -;code = 45 char = h;code = 104 char = ;code = 32 char = l;code = 108 char = a;code = 97 char = c;code = 99 char = t;code = 116 char = u;code = 117 char = l;code = 108 char = o;code = 111 char = s;code = 115 char = e;code = 101 char = /;code = 47 char = m;code = 109 char = a;code = 97 char = n;code = 110 char = n;code = 110 char = i;code = 105 char = t;code = 116 char = o;code = 111 char = l;code = 108 char = ;code = 32 char = (;code = 40 char = L;code = 76 char = /;code = 47 char = M;code = 77 char = );code = 41 char = ;code = 32 char = r;code = 114 char = a;code = 97 char = t;code = 116 char = i;code = 105 char = o;code = 111 char = ;code = 32 char = a;code = 97 char = n;code = 110 char = d;code = 100 char = ;code = 32 char = 2;code = 50 char = 4;code = 52 char = -;code = 45 char = h;code = 104 char = ;code = 32 char = s;code = 115 char = u;code = 117 char = c;code = 99 char = r;code = 114 char = a;code = 97 char = l;code = 108 char = o;code = 111 char = s;code = 115 char = e;code = 101 char = .;code = 46 char = ;code = 32 char = P;code = 80 char = e;code = 101 char = r;code = 114 char = m;code = 109 char = e;code = 101 char = a;code = 97 char = b;code = 98 char = i;code = 105 char = l;code = 108 char = i;code = 105 char = t;code = 116 char = y;code = 121 char = ;code = 32 char = t;code = 116 char = e;code = 101 char = s;code = 115 char = t;code = 116 char = i;code = 105 char = n;code = 110 char = g;code = 103 char = ;code = 32 char = w;code = 119 char = a;code = 97 char = s;code = 115 char = ;code = 32 char = r;code = 114 char = e;code = 101 char = p;code = 112 char = e;code = 101 char = a;code = 97 char = t;code = 116 char = e;code = 101 char = d;code = 100 char = ;code = 32 char = a;code = 97 char = f;code = 102 char = t;code = 116 char = e;code = 101 char = r;code = 114 char = ;code = 32 char = a;code = 97 char = s;code = 115 char = p;code = 112 char = i;code = 105 char = r;code = 114 char = i;code = 105 char = n;code = 110 char = ;code = 32 char = c;code = 99 char = h;code = 104 char = a;code = 97 char = l;code = 108 char = l;code = 108 char = e;code = 101 char = n;code = 110 char = g;code = 103 char = e;code = 101 char = .;code = 46 char = <;code = 60 char = b;code = 98 char = r;code = 114 char = /;code = 47 char = >;code = 62 char = <;code = 60 char = b;code = 98 char = r;code = 114 char = /;code = 47 char = >;code = 62 char = <;code = 60 char = b;code = 98 char = >;code = 62 char = R;code = 82 char = E;code = 69 char = S;code = 83 char = U;code = 85 char = L;code = 76 char = T;code = 84 char = S;code = 83 char = ;code = 32 char = :;code = 58 char = ;code = 32 char = <;code = 60 char = /;code = 47 char = b;code = 98 char = >;code = 62 char = G;code = 71 char = r;code = 114 char = o;code = 111 char = u;code = 117 char = p;code = 112 char = s;code = 115 char = ;code = 32 char = h;code = 104 char = a;code = 97 char = d;code = 100 char = ;code = 32 char = s;code = 115 char = i;code = 105 char = m;code = 109 char = i;code = 105 char = l;code = 108 char = a;code = 97 char = r;code = 114 char = ;code = 32 char = b;code = 98 char = a;code = 97 char = s;code = 115 char = e;code = 101 char = l;code = 108 char = i;code = 105 char = n;code = 110 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = u;code = 117 char = r;code = 114 char = i;code = 105 char = n;code = 110 char = a;code = 97 char = r;code = 114 char = y;code = 121 char = ;code = 32 char = 0;code = 48 char = -;code = 45 char = 5;code = 53 char = ;code = 32 char = h;code = 104 char = ;code = 32 char = L;code = 76 char = /;code = 47 char = M;code = 77 char = ;code = 32 char = r;code = 114 char = a;code = 97 char = t;code = 116 char = i;code = 105 char = o;code = 111 char = ;code = 32 char = (;code = 40 char = s;code = 115 char = m;code = 109 char = a;code = 97 char = l;code = 108 char = l;code = 108 char = ;code = 32 char = b;code = 98 char = o;code = 111 char = w;code = 119 char = e;code = 101 char = l;code = 108 char = ;code = 32 char = p;code = 112 char = e;code = 101 char = r;code = 114 char = m;code = 109 char = e;code = 101 char = a;code = 97 char = b;code = 98 char = i;code = 105 char = l;code = 108 char = i;code = 105 char = t;code = 116 char = y;code = 121 char = );code = 41 char = ;code = 32 char = a;code = 97 char = n;code = 110 char = d;code = 100 char = ;code = 32 char = 0;code = 48 char = -;code = 45 char = 2;code = 50 char = 4;code = 52 char = ;code = 32 char = h;code = 104 char = ;code = 32 char = s;code = 115 char = u;code = 117 char = c;code = 99 char = r;code = 114 char = a;code = 97 char = l;code = 108 char = o;code = 111 char = s;code = 115 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = (;code = 40 char = w;code = 119 char = h;code = 104 char = o;code = 111 char = l;code = 108 char = e;code = 101 char = -;code = 45 char = g;code = 103 char = u;code = 117 char = t;code = 116 char = ;code = 32 char = p;code = 112 char = e;code = 101 char = r;code = 114 char = m;code = 109 char = e;code = 101 char = a;code = 97 char = b;code = 98 char = i;code = 105 char = l;code = 108 char = i;code = 105 char = t;code = 116 char = y;code = 121 char = );code = 41 char = .;code = 46 char = ;code = 32 char = A;code = 65 char = s;code = 115 char = p;code = 112 char = i;code = 105 char = r;code = 114 char = i;code = 105 char = n;code = 110 char = ;code = 32 char = i;code = 105 char = n;code = 110 char = c;code = 99 char = r;code = 114 char = e;code = 101 char = a;code = 97 char = s;code = 115 char = e;code = 101 char = d;code = 100 char = ;code = 32 char = 0;code = 48 char = -;code = 45 char = 5;code = 53 char = ;code = 32 char = h;code = 104 char = ;code = 32 char = u;code = 117 char = r;code = 114 char = i;code = 105 char = n;code = 110 char = a;code = 97 char = r;code = 114 char = y;code = 121 char = ;code = 32 char = L;code = 76 char = /;code = 47 char = M;code = 77 char = ;code = 32 char = i;code = 105 char = n;code = 110 char = ;code = 32 char = m;code = 109 char = o;code = 111 char = s;code = 115 char = t;code = 116 char = ;code = 32 char = s;code = 115 char = u;code = 117 char = b;code = 98 char = j;code = 106 char = e;code = 101 char = c;code = 99 char = t;code = 116 char = s;code = 115 char = .;code = 46 char = ;code = 32 char = I;code = 73 char = n;code = 110 char = ;code = 32 char = c;code = 99 char = o;code = 111 char = n;code = 110 char = t;code = 116 char = r;code = 114 char = a;code = 97 char = s;code = 115 char = t;code = 116 char = ,;code = 44 char = ;code = 32 char = a;code = 97 char = s;code = 115 char = p;code = 112 char = i;code = 105 char = r;code = 114 char = i;code = 105 char = n;code = 110 char = ;code = 32 char = s;code = 115 char = i;code = 105 char = g;code = 103 char = n;code = 110 char = i;code = 105 char = f;code = 102 char = i;code = 105 char = c;code = 99 char = a;code = 97 char = n;code = 110 char = t;code = 116 char = l;code = 108 char = y;code = 121 char = ;code = 32 char = i;code = 105 char = n;code = 110 char = c;code = 99 char = r;code = 114 char = e;code = 101 char = a;code = 97 char = s;code = 115 char = e;code = 101 char = d;code = 100 char = ;code = 32 char = w;code = 119 char = h;code = 104 char = o;code = 111 char = l;code = 108 char = e;code = 101 char = -;code = 45 char = g;code = 103 char = u;code = 117 char = t;code = 116 char = ;code = 32 char = p;code = 112 char = e;code = 101 char = r;code = 114 char = m;code = 109 char = e;code = 101 char = a;code = 97 char = b;code = 98 char = i;code = 105 char = l;code = 108 char = i;code = 105 char = t;code = 116 char = y;code = 121 char = ;code = 32 char = o;code = 111 char = n;code = 110 char = l;code = 108 char = y;code = 121 char = ;code = 32 char = i;code = 105 char = n;code = 110 char = ;code = 32 char = N;code = 78 char = A;code = 65 char = S;code = 83 char = H;code = 72 char = ;code = 32 char = s;code = 115 char = u;code = 117 char = b;code = 98 char = j;code = 106 char = e;code = 101 char = c;code = 99 char = t;code = 116 char = s;code = 115 char = .;code = 46 char = ;code = 32 char = I;code = 73 char = n;code = 110 char = ;code = 32 char = f;code = 102 char = a;code = 97 char = c;code = 99 char = t;code = 116 char = ,;code = 44 char = ;code = 32 char = t;code = 116 char = h;code = 104 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = m;code = 109 char = a;code = 97 char = j;code = 106 char = o;code = 111 char = r;code = 114 char = ;code = 32 char = i;code = 105 char = n;code = 110 char = c;code = 99 char = r;code = 114 char = e;code = 101 char = a;code = 97 char = s;code = 115 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = i;code = 105 char = n;code = 110 char = ;code = 32 char = t;code = 116 char = h;code = 104 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = u;code = 117 char = r;code = 114 char = i;code = 105 char = n;code = 110 char = a;code = 97 char = r;code = 114 char = y;code = 121 char = ;code = 32 char = s;code = 115 char = u;code = 117 char = c;code = 99 char = r;code = 114 char = a;code = 97 char = l;code = 108 char = o;code = 111 char = s;code = 115 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = o;code = 111 char = c;code = 99 char = c;code = 99 char = u;code = 117 char = r;code = 114 char = r;code = 114 char = e;code = 101 char = d;code = 100 char = ;code = 32 char = i;code = 105 char = n;code = 110 char = ;code = 32 char = t;code = 116 char = h;code = 104 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = 6;code = 54 char = -;code = 45 char = 2;code = 50 char = 4;code = 52 char = ;code = 32 char = h;code = 104 char = ;code = 32 char = s;code = 115 char = a;code = 97 char = m;code = 109 char = p;code = 112 char = l;code = 108 char = e;code = 101 char = s;code = 115 char = ,;code = 44 char = ;code = 32 char = w;code = 119 char = h;code = 104 char = i;code = 105 char = c;code = 99 char = h;code = 104 char = ;code = 32 char = p;code = 112 char = o;code = 111 char = i;code = 105 char = n;code = 110 char = t;code = 116 char = s;code = 115 char = ;code = 32 char = t;code = 116 char = o;code = 111 char = w;code = 119 char = a;code = 97 char = r;code = 114 char = d;code = 100 char = s;code = 115 char = ;code = 32 char = t;code = 116 char = h;code = 104 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = c;code = 99 char = o;code = 111 char = l;code = 108 char = o;code = 111 char = n;code = 110 char = ;code = 32 char = a;code = 97 char = s;code = 115 char = ;code = 32 char = t;code = 116 char = h;code = 104 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = m;code = 109 char = a;code = 97 char = j;code = 106 char = o;code = 111 char = r;code = 114 char = ;code = 32 char = s;code = 115 char = i;code = 105 char = t;code = 116 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = r;code = 114 char = e;code = 101 char = s;code = 115 char = p;code = 112 char = o;code = 111 char = n;code = 110 char = s;code = 115 char = i;code = 105 char = b;code = 98 char = l;code = 108 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = f;code = 102 char = o;code = 111 char = r;code = 114 char = ;code = 32 char = a;code = 97 char = s;code = 115 char = p;code = 112 char = i;code = 105 char = r;code = 114 char = i;code = 105 char = n;code = 110 char = -;code = 45 char = i;code = 105 char = n;code = 110 char = d;code = 100 char = u;code = 117 char = c;code = 99 char = e;code = 101 char = d;code = 100 char = ;code = 32 char = l;code = 108 char = e;code = 101 char = a;code = 97 char = k;code = 107 char = i;code = 105 char = n;code = 110 char = e;code = 101 char = s;code = 115 char = s;code = 115 char = ;code = 32 char = i;code = 105 char = n;code = 110 char = ;code = 32 char = N;code = 78 char = A;code = 65 char = S;code = 83 char = H;code = 72 char = ;code = 32 char = p;code = 112 char = a;code = 97 char = t;code = 116 char = i;code = 105 char = e;code = 101 char = n;code = 110 char = t;code = 116 char = s;code = 115 char = .;code = 46 char = ;code = 32 char = S;code = 83 char = e;code = 101 char = r;code = 114 char = u;code = 117 char = m;code = 109 char = ;code = 32 char = e;code = 101 char = n;code = 110 char = d;code = 100 char = o;code = 111 char = t;code = 116 char = o;code = 111 char = x;code = 120 char = i;code = 105 char = n;code = 110 char = ;code = 32 char = l;code = 108 char = e;code = 101 char = v;code = 118 char = e;code = 101 char = l;code = 108 char = s;code = 115 char = ;code = 32 char = w;code = 119 char = e;code = 101 char = r;code = 114 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = s;code = 115 char = i;code = 105 char = g;code = 103 char = n;code = 110 char = i;code = 105 char = f;code = 102 char = i;code = 105 char = c;code = 99 char = a;code = 97 char = n;code = 110 char = t;code = 116 char = l;code = 108 char = y;code = 121 char = ;code = 32 char = h;code = 104 char = i;code = 105 char = g;code = 103 char = h;code = 104 char = e;code = 101 char = r;code = 114 char = ;code = 32 char = i;code = 105 char = n;code = 110 char = ;code = 32 char = N;code = 78 char = A;code = 65 char = S;code = 83 char = H;code = 72 char = ;code = 32 char = s;code = 115 char = u;code = 117 char = b;code = 98 char = j;code = 106 char = e;code = 101 char = c;code = 99 char = t;code = 116 char = s;code = 115 char = .;code = 46 char = <;code = 60 char = b;code = 98 char = r;code = 114 char = /;code = 47 char = >;code = 62 char = <;code = 60 char = b;code = 98 char = r;code = 114 char = /;code = 47 char = >;code = 62 char = <;code = 60 char = b;code = 98 char = >;code = 62 char = D;code = 68 char = I;code = 73 char = S;code = 83 char = C;code = 67 char = U;code = 85 char = S;code = 83 char = S;code = 83 char = I;code = 73 char = O;code = 79 char = N;code = 78 char = ;code = 32 char = :;code = 58 char = ;code = 32 char = <;code = 60 char = /;code = 47 char = b;code = 98 char = >;code = 62 char = O;code = 79 char = u;code = 117 char = r;code = 114 char = ;code = 32 char = f;code = 102 char = i;code = 105 char = n;code = 110 char = d;code = 100 char = i;code = 105 char = n;code = 110 char = g;code = 103 char = s;code = 115 char = ;code = 32 char = s;code = 115 char = u;code = 117 char = g;code = 103 char = g;code = 103 char = e;code = 101 char = s;code = 115 char = t;code = 116 char = ;code = 32 char = t;code = 116 char = h;code = 104 char = a;code = 97 char = t;code = 116 char = ;code = 32 char = a;code = 97 char = s;code = 115 char = p;code = 112 char = i;code = 105 char = r;code = 114 char = i;code = 105 char = n;code = 110 char = ;code = 32 char = a;code = 97 char = c;code = 99 char = t;code = 116 char = s;code = 115 char = ;code = 32 char = o;code = 111 char = n;code = 110 char = ;code = 32 char = t;code = 116 char = h;code = 104 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = c;code = 99 char = o;code = 111 char = l;code = 108 char = o;code = 111 char = n;code = 110 char = ;code = 32 char = t;code = 116 char = o;code = 111 char = ;code = 32 char = u;code = 117 char = n;code = 110 char = m;code = 109 char = a;code = 97 char = s;code = 115 char = k;code = 107 char = ;code = 32 char = a;code = 97 char = ;code = 32 char = s;code = 115 char = u;code = 117 char = s;code = 115 char = c;code = 99 char = e;code = 101 char = p;code = 112 char = t;code = 116 char = i;code = 105 char = b;code = 98 char = i;code = 105 char = l;code = 108 char = i;code = 105 char = t;code = 116 char = y;code = 121 char = ;code = 32 char = t;code = 116 char = o;code = 111 char = ;code = 32 char = g;code = 103 char = u;code = 117 char = t;code = 116 char = ;code = 32 char = l;code = 108 char = e;code = 101 char = a;code = 97 char = k;code = 107 char = i;code = 105 char = n;code = 110 char = e;code = 101 char = s;code = 115 char = s;code = 115 char = ;code = 32 char = i;code = 105 char = n;code = 110 char = ;code = 32 char = p;code = 112 char = a;code = 97 char = t;code = 116 char = i;code = 105 char = e;code = 101 char = n;code = 110 char = t;code = 116 char = s;code = 115 char = ;code = 32 char = w;code = 119 char = i;code = 105 char = t;code = 116 char = h;code = 104 char = ;code = 32 char = N;code = 78 char = A;code = 65 char = S;code = 83 char = H;code = 72 char = .;code = 46 char = ;code = 32 char = T;code = 84 char = h;code = 104 char = i;code = 105 char = s;code = 115 char = ;code = 32 char = e;code = 101 char = f;code = 102 char = f;code = 102 char = e;code = 101 char = c;code = 99 char = t;code = 116 char = ;code = 32 char = m;code = 109 char = a;code = 97 char = y;code = 121 char = ;code = 32 char = b;code = 98 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = t;code = 116 char = h;code = 104 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = u;code = 117 char = n;code = 110 char = d;code = 100 char = e;code = 101 char = r;code = 114 char = l;code = 108 char = y;code = 121 char = i;code = 105 char = n;code = 110 char = g;code = 103 char = ;code = 32 char = m;code = 109 char = e;code = 101 char = c;code = 99 char = h;code = 104 char = a;code = 97 char = n;code = 110 char = i;code = 105 char = s;code = 115 char = m;code = 109 char = ;code = 32 char = f;code = 102 char = o;code = 111 char = r;code = 114 char = ;code = 32 char = i;code = 105 char = n;code = 110 char = c;code = 99 char = r;code = 114 char = e;code = 101 char = a;code = 97 char = s;code = 115 char = e;code = 101 char = d;code = 100 char = ;code = 32 char = s;code = 115 char = e;code = 101 char = r;code = 114 char = u;code = 117 char = m;code = 109 char = ;code = 32 char = e;code = 101 char = n;code = 110 char = d;code = 100 char = o;code = 111 char = t;code = 116 char = o;code = 111 char = x;code = 120 char = i;code = 105 char = n;code = 110 char = ,;code = 44 char = ;code = 32 char = w;code = 119 char = h;code = 104 char = i;code = 105 char = c;code = 99 char = h;code = 104 char = ;code = 32 char = i;code = 105 char = s;code = 115 char = ;code = 32 char = t;code = 116 char = h;code = 104 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = s;code = 115 char = e;code = 101 char = c;code = 99 char = o;code = 111 char = n;code = 110 char = d;code = 100 char = ;code = 32 char = h;code = 104 char = i;code = 105 char = t;code = 116 char = ;code = 32 char = (;code = 40 char = a;code = 97 char = f;code = 102 char = t;code = 116 char = e;code = 101 char = r;code = 114 char = ;code = 32 char = a;code = 97 char = l;code = 108 char = t;code = 116 char = e;code = 101 char = r;code = 114 char = e;code = 101 char = d;code = 100 char = ;code = 32 char = l;code = 108 char = i;code = 105 char = p;code = 112 char = i;code = 105 char = d;code = 100 char = ;code = 32 char = m;code = 109 char = e;code = 101 char = t;code = 116 char = a;code = 97 char = b;code = 98 char = o;code = 111 char = l;code = 108 char = i;code = 105 char = s;code = 115 char = m;code = 109 char = );code = 41 char = ;code = 32 char = t;code = 116 char = h;code = 104 char = a;code = 97 char = t;code = 116 char = ;code = 32 char = i;code = 105 char = s;code = 115 char = ;code = 32 char = r;code = 114 char = e;code = 101 char = q;code = 113 char = u;code = 117 char = i;code = 105 char = r;code = 114 char = e;code = 101 char = d;code = 100 char = ;code = 32 char = t;code = 116 char = o;code = 111 char = ;code = 32 char = i;code = 105 char = n;code = 110 char = i;code = 105 char = t;code = 116 char = i;code = 105 char = a;code = 97 char = t;code = 116 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = a;code = 97 char = ;code = 32 char = n;code = 110 char = e;code = 101 char = c;code = 99 char = r;code = 114 char = o;code = 111 char = i;code = 105 char = n;code = 110 char = f;code = 102 char = l;code = 108 char = a;code = 97 char = m;code = 109 char = m;code = 109 char = a;code = 97 char = t;code = 116 char = o;code = 111 char = r;code = 114 char = y;code = 121 char = ;code = 32 char = c;code = 99 char = a;code = 97 char = s;code = 115 char = c;code = 99 char = a;code = 97 char = d;code = 100 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = i;code = 105 char = n;code = 110 char = ;code = 32 char = h;code = 104 char = e;code = 101 char = p;code = 112 char = a;code = 97 char = t;code = 116 char = o;code = 111 char = c;code = 99 char = y;code = 121 char = t;code = 116 char = e;code = 101 char = s;code = 115 char = ;code = 32 char = w;code = 119 char = h;code = 104 char = i;code = 105 char = c;code = 99 char = h;code = 104 char = ;code = 32 char = a;code = 97 char = r;code = 114 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = a;code = 97 char = l;code = 108 char = r;code = 114 char = e;code = 101 char = a;code = 97 char = d;code = 100 char = y;code = 121 char = ;code = 32 char = p;code = 112 char = r;code = 114 char = i;code = 105 char = m;code = 109 char = e;code = 101 char = d;code = 100 char = ;code = 32 char = w;code = 119 char = i;code = 105 char = t;code = 116 char = h;code = 104 char = ;code = 32 char = o;code = 111 char = b;code = 98 char = e;code = 101 char = s;code = 115 char = i;code = 105 char = t;code = 116 char = y;code = 121 char = -;code = 45 char = i;code = 105 char = n;code = 110 char = d;code = 100 char = u;code = 117 char = c;code = 99 char = e;code = 101 char = d;code = 100 char = ;code = 32 char = a;code = 97 char = b;code = 98 char = n;code = 110 char = o;code = 111 char = r;code = 114 char = m;code = 109 char = a;code = 97 char = l;code = 108 char = ;code = 32 char = l;code = 108 char = i;code = 105 char = p;code = 112 char = i;code = 105 char = d;code = 100 char = ;code = 32 char = h;code = 104 char = o;code = 111 char = m;code = 109 char = o;code = 111 char = e;code = 101 char = o;code = 111 char = s;code = 115 char = t;code = 116 char = a;code = 97 char = s;code = 115 char = i;code = 105 char = s;code = 115 char = .;code = 46 result sql = INTRODUCTION : One of the proposed second hit mechanisms in the pathophysiology of non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) is hepatic oxidative stress triggered by elevated levels of endotoxin. We investigated one possible mechanism for the endotoxaemia--disruption of intestinal barrier integrity.METHODS : We enrolled 16 subjects with fatty liver (10 NASH; 6 steatosis) and 12 healthy subjects. Steatosis and NASH were diagnosed by liver biopsy using the Brunt criteria. Gastrointestinal permeability was measured using urinary excretion of 5-h lactulose/mannitol (L/M) ratio and 24-h sucralose. Permeability testing was repeated after aspirin challenge.RESULTS : Groups had similar baseline urinary 0-5 h L/M ratio (small bowel permeability) and 0-24 h sucralose (whole-gut permeability). Aspirin increased 0-5 h urinary L/M in most subjects. In contrast, aspirin significantly increased whole-gut permeability only in NASH subjects. In fact, the major increase in the urinary sucralose occurred in the 6-24 h samples, which points towards the colon as the major site responsible for aspirin-induced leakiness in NASH patients. Serum endotoxin levels were significantly higher in NASH subjects.DISCUSSION : Our findings suggest that aspirin acts on the colon to unmask a susceptibility to gut leakiness in patients with NASH. This effect may be the underlying mechanism for increased serum endotoxin, which is the second hit (after altered lipid metabolism) that is required to initiate a necroinflammatory cascade in hepatocytes which are already primed with obesity-induced abnormal lipid homoeostasis.
Publication: Liver Int. 2008 Aug ;28(7)::1026-33. :doi: 10.1111/j.1478-3231.2008.01723.x.
Publication Date: 2008 Aug
Study Author(s): Farhadi, Ashkan;Gundlapalli, Sushama;Shaikh, Maliha;Frantzides, Constantine;Harrell, Laura;Kwasny, Mary M;Keshavarzian, Ali;
Institution: Department of Medicine, Division of Digestive Diseases and Nutrition, Rush University, Chicago, IL 60612, USA.
[email protected]
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