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char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
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char = C;code = 67
char = a;code = 97
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char = c;code = 99
char = a;code = 97
char = s;code = 115
char = i;code = 105
char = a;code = 97
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char = d;code = 100
char = i;code = 105
char = a;code = 97
char = n;code = 110
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char = O;code = 79
char = S;code = 83
char = ;code = 32
char = w;code = 119
char = a;code = 97
char = s;code = 115
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char = 1;code = 49
char = 1;code = 49
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char = %;code = 37
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char = c;code = 99
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char = c;code = 99
char = e;code = 101
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char = a;code = 97
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char = I;code = 73
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char = 9;code = 57
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char = 1;code = 49
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char = ,;code = 44
char = ;code = 32
char = 6;code = 54
char = ;code = 32
char = (;code = 40
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char = %;code = 37
char = ;code = 32
char = C;code = 67
char = I;code = 73
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char = ;code = 32
char = 5;code = 53
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char = );code = 41
char = ,;code = 44
char = ;code = 32
char = 7;code = 55
char = ;code = 32
char = (;code = 40
char = 9;code = 57
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char = %;code = 37
char = ;code = 32
char = C;code = 67
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char = ,;code = 44
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char = a;code = 97
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char = ;code = 32
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char = s;code = 115
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char = r;code = 114
char = g;code = 103
char = e;code = 101
char = r;code = 114
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char = a;code = 97
char = d;code = 100
char = j;code = 106
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char = v;code = 118
char = a;code = 97
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char = t;code = 116
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char = r;code = 114
char = a;code = 97
char = d;code = 100
char = i;code = 105
char = a;code = 97
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = o;code = 111
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char = t;code = 116
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char = e;code = 101
char = r;code = 114
char = a;code = 97
char = p;code = 112
char = y;code = 121
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char = ;code = 32
char = s;code = 115
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char = r;code = 114
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char = e;code = 101
char = r;code = 114
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char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = l;code = 108
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char = e;code = 101
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char = r;code = 114
char = a;code = 97
char = d;code = 100
char = i;code = 105
char = a;code = 97
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = o;code = 111
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char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = e;code = 101
char = r;code = 114
char = a;code = 97
char = p;code = 112
char = y;code = 121
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char = a;code = 97
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char = o;code = 111
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char = e;code = 101
char = ,;code = 44
char = ;code = 32
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char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = n;code = 110
char = o;code = 111
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char = t;code = 116
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = a;code = 97
char = t;code = 116
char = m;code = 109
char = e;code = 101
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char = t;code = 116
char = ,;code = 44
char = ;code = 32
char = r;code = 114
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char = s;code = 115
char = p;code = 112
char = e;code = 101
char = c;code = 99
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = v;code = 118
char = e;code = 101
char = l;code = 108
char = y;code = 121
char = .;code = 46
char = ;code = 32
char = T;code = 84
char = h;code = 104
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = O;code = 79
char = S;code = 83
char = ;code = 32
char = w;code = 119
char = a;code = 97
char = s;code = 115
char = ;code = 32
char = s;code = 115
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char = f;code = 102
char = i;code = 105
char = c;code = 99
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char = f;code = 102
char = e;code = 101
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char = e;code = 101
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char = r;code = 114
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char = e;code = 101
char = r;code = 114
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char = e;code = 101
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char = a;code = 97
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char = s;code = 115
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char = r;code = 114
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char = e;code = 101
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char = j;code = 106
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char = a;code = 97
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char = p;code = 112
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char = =;code = 61
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char = i;code = 105
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char = a;code = 97
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char = 0;code = 48
char = 0;code = 48
char = 0;code = 48
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char = i;code = 105
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char = O;code = 79
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char = ;code = 32
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char = H;code = 72
char = R;code = 82
char = ;code = 32
char = =;code = 61
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char = 0;code = 48
char = .;code = 46
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char = 0;code = 48
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char = ;code = 32
char = 9;code = 57
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char = ;code = 32
char = C;code = 67
char = I;code = 73
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char = ;code = 32
char = 0;code = 48
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char = 3;code = 51
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char = a;code = 97
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char = i;code = 105
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char = [;code = 91
char = H;code = 72
char = R;code = 82
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char = ,;code = 44
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char = 0;code = 48
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char = ;code = 32
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char = C;code = 67
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char = 0;code = 48
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char = 4;code = 52
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char = H;code = 72
char = R;code = 82
char = ,;code = 44
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char = 0;code = 48
char = .;code = 46
char = 6;code = 54
char = 8;code = 56
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char = C;code = 67
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char = a;code = 97
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char = v;code = 118
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char = o;code = 111
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char = (;code = 40
char = H;code = 72
char = R;code = 82
char = ,;code = 44
char = ;code = 32
char = 0;code = 48
char = .;code = 46
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result sql = PURPOSE : Intrahepatic cholangiocarcinomas (IHC) are rare tumors for which large randomized studies regarding the use of radiation are not available. The purpose of this study was to examine the role of adjuvant and definitive radiation therapy in the treatment of IHC in a large group of patients.
METHODS AND MATERIALS : This is a retrospective analysis of 3,839 patients with IHC collected from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database. The primary endpoint was overall survival (OS).
RESULTS : Patients received either surgery alone (25%), radiation therapy alone (10%), surgery and adjuvant radiation therapy (7%) or no treatment (58%). The median age of the patient population was 73 years (range, 22-102 years); 52% of patients were male and 81% were Caucasian. Median OS was 11 (95% confidence interval [CI], 9-13), 6 (95% CI, 5-6), 7 (95% CI, 6-8), and 3 months for surgery and adjuvant radiation therapy, surgery alone, radiation therapy alone, and no treatment, respectively. The OS was significantly different between surgery alone and surgery and adjuvant radiation therapy (p = 0.014) and radiation therapy alone and no treatment (p < 0.0001). Use of surgery and adjuvant radiation therapy conferred the greatest benefit on OS (HR = 0.40; 95% CI, 0.34-0.47), followed by surgery alone (hazard ratio [HR], 0.49; 95% CI, 0.44-0.54) and radiation therapy alone (HR, 0.68; 95% CI, 0.59-0.77) compared with no treatment, on multivariate analysis. Propensity score adjusted hazard ratios (controlling for age, race/ethnicity, stage, and year of diagnosis) were also significant (surgery and adjuvant radiation therapy vs. surgery alone (HR, 0.82; 95% CI, 0.70-0.96); radiation therapy alone vs. no treatment (HR, 0.67; 95% CI, 0.58-0.76)).
CONCLUSIONS : The study results suggest that adjuvant and definitive radiation treatment prolong survival, although cure rates remain low. Future studies should evaluate the addition of chemotherapy and biologics to the treatment of IHC.
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result sql = Radiation therapy is associated with improved survival in the adjuvant and definitive treatment of intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma.
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char = e;code = 101
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char = t;code = 116
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char = I;code = 73
char = H;code = 72
char = C;code = 67
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char = c;code = 99
char = o;code = 111
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char = l;code = 108
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char = c;code = 99
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char = e;code = 101
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char = m;code = 109
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char = t;code = 116
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char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = S;code = 83
char = u;code = 117
char = r;code = 114
char = v;code = 118
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char = l;code = 108
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char = a;code = 97
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char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = E;code = 69
char = n;code = 110
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = R;code = 82
char = e;code = 101
char = s;code = 115
char = u;code = 117
char = l;code = 108
char = t;code = 116
char = s;code = 115
char = ;code = 32
char = (;code = 40
char = S;code = 83
char = E;code = 69
char = E;code = 69
char = R;code = 82
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char = ;code = 32
char = d;code = 100
char = a;code = 97
char = t;code = 116
char = a;code = 97
char = b;code = 98
char = a;code = 97
char = s;code = 115
char = e;code = 101
char = .;code = 46
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char = T;code = 84
char = h;code = 104
char = e;code = 101
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char = p;code = 112
char = r;code = 114
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char = a;code = 97
char = r;code = 114
char = y;code = 121
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char = n;code = 110
char = d;code = 100
char = p;code = 112
char = o;code = 111
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
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char = ;code = 32
char = w;code = 119
char = a;code = 97
char = s;code = 115
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char = o;code = 111
char = v;code = 118
char = e;code = 101
char = r;code = 114
char = a;code = 97
char = l;code = 108
char = l;code = 108
char = ;code = 32
char = s;code = 115
char = u;code = 117
char = r;code = 114
char = v;code = 118
char = i;code = 105
char = v;code = 118
char = a;code = 97
char = l;code = 108
char = ;code = 32
char = (;code = 40
char = O;code = 79
char = S;code = 83
char = );code = 41
char = .;code = 46
char = <;code = 60
char = b;code = 98
char = r;code = 114
char = /;code = 47
char = >;code = 62
char = <;code = 60
char = b;code = 98
char = r;code = 114
char = /;code = 47
char = >;code = 62
char = <;code = 60
char = b;code = 98
char = >;code = 62
char = R;code = 82
char = E;code = 69
char = S;code = 83
char = U;code = 85
char = L;code = 76
char = T;code = 84
char = S;code = 83
char = ;code = 32
char = :;code = 58
char = ;code = 32
char = <;code = 60
char = /;code = 47
char = b;code = 98
char = >;code = 62
char = P;code = 80
char = a;code = 97
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = e;code = 101
char = n;code = 110
char = t;code = 116
char = s;code = 115
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char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = c;code = 99
char = e;code = 101
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char = v;code = 118
char = e;code = 101
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = e;code = 101
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char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = e;code = 101
char = r;code = 114
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char = s;code = 115
char = u;code = 117
char = r;code = 114
char = g;code = 103
char = e;code = 101
char = r;code = 114
char = y;code = 121
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char = a;code = 97
char = l;code = 108
char = o;code = 111
char = n;code = 110
char = e;code = 101
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char = 2;code = 50
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char = %;code = 37
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char = ,;code = 44
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char = r;code = 114
char = a;code = 97
char = d;code = 100
char = i;code = 105
char = a;code = 97
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = o;code = 111
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char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = e;code = 101
char = r;code = 114
char = a;code = 97
char = p;code = 112
char = y;code = 121
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = l;code = 108
char = o;code = 111
char = n;code = 110
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = (;code = 40
char = 1;code = 49
char = 0;code = 48
char = %;code = 37
char = );code = 41
char = ,;code = 44
char = ;code = 32
char = s;code = 115
char = u;code = 117
char = r;code = 114
char = g;code = 103
char = e;code = 101
char = r;code = 114
char = y;code = 121
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
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char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = d;code = 100
char = j;code = 106
char = u;code = 117
char = v;code = 118
char = a;code = 97
char = n;code = 110
char = t;code = 116
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char = r;code = 114
char = a;code = 97
char = d;code = 100
char = i;code = 105
char = a;code = 97
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = o;code = 111
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char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = e;code = 101
char = r;code = 114
char = a;code = 97
char = p;code = 112
char = y;code = 121
char = ;code = 32
char = (;code = 40
char = 7;code = 55
char = %;code = 37
char = );code = 41
char = ;code = 32
char = o;code = 111
char = r;code = 114
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char = n;code = 110
char = o;code = 111
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char = t;code = 116
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = a;code = 97
char = t;code = 116
char = m;code = 109
char = e;code = 101
char = n;code = 110
char = t;code = 116
char = ;code = 32
char = (;code = 40
char = 5;code = 53
char = 8;code = 56
char = %;code = 37
char = );code = 41
char = .;code = 46
char = ;code = 32
char = T;code = 84
char = h;code = 104
char = e;code = 101
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char = m;code = 109
char = e;code = 101
char = d;code = 100
char = i;code = 105
char = a;code = 97
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char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
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char = e;code = 101
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char = o;code = 111
char = f;code = 102
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = e;code = 101
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char = p;code = 112
char = a;code = 97
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char = i;code = 105
char = e;code = 101
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char = t;code = 116
char = ;code = 32
char = p;code = 112
char = o;code = 111
char = p;code = 112
char = u;code = 117
char = l;code = 108
char = a;code = 97
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = o;code = 111
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char = ;code = 32
char = w;code = 119
char = a;code = 97
char = s;code = 115
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char = 7;code = 55
char = 3;code = 51
char = ;code = 32
char = y;code = 121
char = e;code = 101
char = a;code = 97
char = r;code = 114
char = s;code = 115
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char = (;code = 40
char = r;code = 114
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char = e;code = 101
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char = ;code = 32
char = 2;code = 50
char = 2;code = 50
char = -;code = 45
char = 1;code = 49
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char = e;code = 101
char = a;code = 97
char = r;code = 114
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char = );code = 41
char = ;;code = 59
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char = t;code = 116
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char = e;code = 101
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char = C;code = 67
char = a;code = 97
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char = c;code = 99
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char = i;code = 105
char = a;code = 97
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char = d;code = 100
char = i;code = 105
char = a;code = 97
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char = O;code = 79
char = S;code = 83
char = ;code = 32
char = w;code = 119
char = a;code = 97
char = s;code = 115
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char = 1;code = 49
char = 1;code = 49
char = ;code = 32
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char = 9;code = 57
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char = %;code = 37
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char = c;code = 99
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char = C;code = 67
char = I;code = 73
char = ];code = 93
char = ,;code = 44
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char = 9;code = 57
char = -;code = 45
char = 1;code = 49
char = 3;code = 51
char = );code = 41
char = ,;code = 44
char = ;code = 32
char = 6;code = 54
char = ;code = 32
char = (;code = 40
char = 9;code = 57
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char = %;code = 37
char = ;code = 32
char = C;code = 67
char = I;code = 73
char = ,;code = 44
char = ;code = 32
char = 5;code = 53
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char = 6;code = 54
char = );code = 41
char = ,;code = 44
char = ;code = 32
char = 7;code = 55
char = ;code = 32
char = (;code = 40
char = 9;code = 57
char = 5;code = 53
char = %;code = 37
char = ;code = 32
char = C;code = 67
char = I;code = 73
char = ,;code = 44
char = ;code = 32
char = 6;code = 54
char = -;code = 45
char = 8;code = 56
char = );code = 41
char = ,;code = 44
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = n;code = 110
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
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char = h;code = 104
char = s;code = 115
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char = o;code = 111
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char = s;code = 115
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char = r;code = 114
char = g;code = 103
char = e;code = 101
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char = a;code = 97
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char = r;code = 114
char = a;code = 97
char = p;code = 112
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char = ;code = 32
char = s;code = 115
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char = r;code = 114
char = g;code = 103
char = e;code = 101
char = r;code = 114
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char = a;code = 97
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char = m;code = 109
char = e;code = 101
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char = s;code = 115
char = p;code = 112
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char = c;code = 99
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char = i;code = 105
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char = l;code = 108
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char = ;code = 32
char = T;code = 84
char = h;code = 104
char = e;code = 101
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char = O;code = 79
char = S;code = 83
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char = w;code = 119
char = a;code = 97
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char = s;code = 115
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char = a;code = 97
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char = 0;code = 48
char = 0;code = 48
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char = o;code = 111
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char = g;code = 103
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char = a;code = 97
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char = b;code = 98
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char = f;code = 102
char = i;code = 105
char = t;code = 116
char = ;code = 32
char = o;code = 111
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
char = O;code = 79
char = S;code = 83
char = ;code = 32
char = (;code = 40
char = H;code = 72
char = R;code = 82
char = ;code = 32
char = =;code = 61
char = ;code = 32
char = 0;code = 48
char = .;code = 46
char = 4;code = 52
char = 0;code = 48
char = ;;code = 59
char = ;code = 32
char = 9;code = 57
char = 5;code = 53
char = %;code = 37
char = ;code = 32
char = C;code = 67
char = I;code = 73
char = ,;code = 44
char = ;code = 32
char = 0;code = 48
char = .;code = 46
char = 3;code = 51
char = 4;code = 52
char = -;code = 45
char = 0;code = 48
char = .;code = 46
char = 4;code = 52
char = 7;code = 55
char = );code = 41
char = ,;code = 44
char = ;code = 32
char = f;code = 102
char = o;code = 111
char = l;code = 108
char = l;code = 108
char = o;code = 111
char = w;code = 119
char = e;code = 101
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = b;code = 98
char = y;code = 121
char = ;code = 32
char = s;code = 115
char = u;code = 117
char = r;code = 114
char = g;code = 103
char = e;code = 101
char = r;code = 114
char = y;code = 121
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = l;code = 108
char = o;code = 111
char = n;code = 110
char = e;code = 101
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char = (;code = 40
char = h;code = 104
char = a;code = 97
char = z;code = 122
char = a;code = 97
char = r;code = 114
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = r;code = 114
char = a;code = 97
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = o;code = 111
char = ;code = 32
char = [;code = 91
char = H;code = 72
char = R;code = 82
char = ];code = 93
char = ,;code = 44
char = ;code = 32
char = 0;code = 48
char = .;code = 46
char = 4;code = 52
char = 9;code = 57
char = ;;code = 59
char = ;code = 32
char = 9;code = 57
char = 5;code = 53
char = %;code = 37
char = ;code = 32
char = C;code = 67
char = I;code = 73
char = ,;code = 44
char = ;code = 32
char = 0;code = 48
char = .;code = 46
char = 4;code = 52
char = 4;code = 52
char = -;code = 45
char = 0;code = 48
char = .;code = 46
char = 5;code = 53
char = 4;code = 52
char = );code = 41
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
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char = ;code = 32
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char = d;code = 100
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char = a;code = 97
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char = i;code = 105
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char = e;code = 101
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char = a;code = 97
char = p;code = 112
char = y;code = 121
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char = a;code = 97
char = l;code = 108
char = o;code = 111
char = n;code = 110
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = (;code = 40
char = H;code = 72
char = R;code = 82
char = ,;code = 44
char = ;code = 32
char = 0;code = 48
char = .;code = 46
char = 6;code = 54
char = 8;code = 56
char = ;;code = 59
char = ;code = 32
char = 9;code = 57
char = 5;code = 53
char = %;code = 37
char = ;code = 32
char = C;code = 67
char = I;code = 73
char = ,;code = 44
char = ;code = 32
char = 0;code = 48
char = .;code = 46
char = 5;code = 53
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char = -;code = 45
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char = .;code = 46
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char = 7;code = 55
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char = ;code = 32
char = c;code = 99
char = o;code = 111
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char = p;code = 112
char = a;code = 97
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char = d;code = 100
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char = i;code = 105
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char = o;code = 111
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char = t;code = 116
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char = ;code = 32
char = o;code = 111
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
char = m;code = 109
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char = l;code = 108
char = t;code = 116
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char = v;code = 118
char = a;code = 97
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char = i;code = 105
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char = t;code = 116
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = n;code = 110
char = a;code = 97
char = l;code = 108
char = y;code = 121
char = s;code = 115
char = i;code = 105
char = s;code = 115
char = .;code = 46
char = ;code = 32
char = P;code = 80
char = r;code = 114
char = o;code = 111
char = p;code = 112
char = e;code = 101
char = n;code = 110
char = s;code = 115
char = i;code = 105
char = t;code = 116
char = y;code = 121
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char = s;code = 115
char = c;code = 99
char = o;code = 111
char = r;code = 114
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char = j;code = 106
char = u;code = 117
char = s;code = 115
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char = e;code = 101
char = d;code = 100
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char = a;code = 97
char = z;code = 122
char = a;code = 97
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char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = r;code = 114
char = a;code = 97
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = o;code = 111
char = s;code = 115
char = ;code = 32
char = (;code = 40
char = c;code = 99
char = o;code = 111
char = n;code = 110
char = t;code = 116
char = r;code = 114
char = o;code = 111
char = l;code = 108
char = l;code = 108
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = g;code = 103
char = ;code = 32
char = f;code = 102
char = o;code = 111
char = r;code = 114
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = g;code = 103
char = e;code = 101
char = ,;code = 44
char = ;code = 32
char = r;code = 114
char = a;code = 97
char = c;code = 99
char = e;code = 101
char = /;code = 47
char = e;code = 101
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = n;code = 110
char = i;code = 105
char = c;code = 99
char = i;code = 105
char = t;code = 116
char = y;code = 121
char = ,;code = 44
char = ;code = 32
char = s;code = 115
char = t;code = 116
char = a;code = 97
char = g;code = 103
char = e;code = 101
char = ,;code = 44
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = n;code = 110
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = y;code = 121
char = e;code = 101
char = a;code = 97
char = r;code = 114
char = ;code = 32
char = o;code = 111
char = f;code = 102
char = ;code = 32
char = d;code = 100
char = i;code = 105
char = a;code = 97
char = g;code = 103
char = n;code = 110
char = o;code = 111
char = s;code = 115
char = i;code = 105
char = s;code = 115
char = );code = 41
char = ;code = 32
char = w;code = 119
char = e;code = 101
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = l;code = 108
char = s;code = 115
char = o;code = 111
char = ;code = 32
char = s;code = 115
char = i;code = 105
char = g;code = 103
char = n;code = 110
char = i;code = 105
char = f;code = 102
char = i;code = 105
char = c;code = 99
char = a;code = 97
char = n;code = 110
char = t;code = 116
char = ;code = 32
char = (;code = 40
char = s;code = 115
char = u;code = 117
char = r;code = 114
char = g;code = 103
char = e;code = 101
char = r;code = 114
char = y;code = 121
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = n;code = 110
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = d;code = 100
char = j;code = 106
char = u;code = 117
char = v;code = 118
char = a;code = 97
char = n;code = 110
char = t;code = 116
char = ;code = 32
char = r;code = 114
char = a;code = 97
char = d;code = 100
char = i;code = 105
char = a;code = 97
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = o;code = 111
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = e;code = 101
char = r;code = 114
char = a;code = 97
char = p;code = 112
char = y;code = 121
char = ;code = 32
char = v;code = 118
char = s;code = 115
char = .;code = 46
char = ;code = 32
char = s;code = 115
char = u;code = 117
char = r;code = 114
char = g;code = 103
char = e;code = 101
char = r;code = 114
char = y;code = 121
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = l;code = 108
char = o;code = 111
char = n;code = 110
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = (;code = 40
char = H;code = 72
char = R;code = 82
char = ,;code = 44
char = ;code = 32
char = 0;code = 48
char = .;code = 46
char = 8;code = 56
char = 2;code = 50
char = ;;code = 59
char = ;code = 32
char = 9;code = 57
char = 5;code = 53
char = %;code = 37
char = ;code = 32
char = C;code = 67
char = I;code = 73
char = ,;code = 44
char = ;code = 32
char = 0;code = 48
char = .;code = 46
char = 7;code = 55
char = 0;code = 48
char = -;code = 45
char = 0;code = 48
char = .;code = 46
char = 9;code = 57
char = 6;code = 54
char = );code = 41
char = ;;code = 59
char = ;code = 32
char = r;code = 114
char = a;code = 97
char = d;code = 100
char = i;code = 105
char = a;code = 97
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = o;code = 111
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = e;code = 101
char = r;code = 114
char = a;code = 97
char = p;code = 112
char = y;code = 121
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = l;code = 108
char = o;code = 111
char = n;code = 110
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = v;code = 118
char = s;code = 115
char = .;code = 46
char = ;code = 32
char = n;code = 110
char = o;code = 111
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = a;code = 97
char = t;code = 116
char = m;code = 109
char = e;code = 101
char = n;code = 110
char = t;code = 116
char = ;code = 32
char = (;code = 40
char = H;code = 72
char = R;code = 82
char = ,;code = 44
char = ;code = 32
char = 0;code = 48
char = .;code = 46
char = 6;code = 54
char = 7;code = 55
char = ;;code = 59
char = ;code = 32
char = 9;code = 57
char = 5;code = 53
char = %;code = 37
char = ;code = 32
char = C;code = 67
char = I;code = 73
char = ,;code = 44
char = ;code = 32
char = 0;code = 48
char = .;code = 46
char = 5;code = 53
char = 8;code = 56
char = -;code = 45
char = 0;code = 48
char = .;code = 46
char = 7;code = 55
char = 6;code = 54
char = );code = 41
char = );code = 41
char = .;code = 46
char = <;code = 60
char = b;code = 98
char = r;code = 114
char = /;code = 47
char = >;code = 62
char = <;code = 60
char = b;code = 98
char = r;code = 114
char = /;code = 47
char = >;code = 62
char = <;code = 60
char = b;code = 98
char = >;code = 62
char = C;code = 67
char = O;code = 79
char = N;code = 78
char = C;code = 67
char = L;code = 76
char = U;code = 85
char = S;code = 83
char = I;code = 73
char = O;code = 79
char = N;code = 78
char = S;code = 83
char = ;code = 32
char = :;code = 58
char = ;code = 32
char = <;code = 60
char = /;code = 47
char = b;code = 98
char = >;code = 62
char = T;code = 84
char = h;code = 104
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = s;code = 115
char = t;code = 116
char = u;code = 117
char = d;code = 100
char = y;code = 121
char = ;code = 32
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = s;code = 115
char = u;code = 117
char = l;code = 108
char = t;code = 116
char = s;code = 115
char = ;code = 32
char = s;code = 115
char = u;code = 117
char = g;code = 103
char = g;code = 103
char = e;code = 101
char = s;code = 115
char = t;code = 116
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = a;code = 97
char = t;code = 116
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = d;code = 100
char = j;code = 106
char = u;code = 117
char = v;code = 118
char = a;code = 97
char = n;code = 110
char = t;code = 116
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = n;code = 110
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = d;code = 100
char = e;code = 101
char = f;code = 102
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = i;code = 105
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = v;code = 118
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = r;code = 114
char = a;code = 97
char = d;code = 100
char = i;code = 105
char = a;code = 97
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = o;code = 111
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = a;code = 97
char = t;code = 116
char = m;code = 109
char = e;code = 101
char = n;code = 110
char = t;code = 116
char = ;code = 32
char = p;code = 112
char = r;code = 114
char = o;code = 111
char = l;code = 108
char = o;code = 111
char = n;code = 110
char = g;code = 103
char = ;code = 32
char = s;code = 115
char = u;code = 117
char = r;code = 114
char = v;code = 118
char = i;code = 105
char = v;code = 118
char = a;code = 97
char = l;code = 108
char = ,;code = 44
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = l;code = 108
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = o;code = 111
char = u;code = 117
char = g;code = 103
char = h;code = 104
char = ;code = 32
char = c;code = 99
char = u;code = 117
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = r;code = 114
char = a;code = 97
char = t;code = 116
char = e;code = 101
char = s;code = 115
char = ;code = 32
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = m;code = 109
char = a;code = 97
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
char = l;code = 108
char = o;code = 111
char = w;code = 119
char = .;code = 46
char = ;code = 32
char = F;code = 70
char = u;code = 117
char = t;code = 116
char = u;code = 117
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = s;code = 115
char = t;code = 116
char = u;code = 117
char = d;code = 100
char = i;code = 105
char = e;code = 101
char = s;code = 115
char = ;code = 32
char = s;code = 115
char = h;code = 104
char = o;code = 111
char = u;code = 117
char = l;code = 108
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = e;code = 101
char = v;code = 118
char = a;code = 97
char = l;code = 108
char = u;code = 117
char = a;code = 97
char = t;code = 116
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = d;code = 100
char = d;code = 100
char = i;code = 105
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = o;code = 111
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
char = o;code = 111
char = f;code = 102
char = ;code = 32
char = c;code = 99
char = h;code = 104
char = e;code = 101
char = m;code = 109
char = o;code = 111
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = e;code = 101
char = r;code = 114
char = a;code = 97
char = p;code = 112
char = y;code = 121
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = n;code = 110
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = b;code = 98
char = i;code = 105
char = o;code = 111
char = l;code = 108
char = o;code = 111
char = g;code = 103
char = i;code = 105
char = c;code = 99
char = s;code = 115
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = o;code = 111
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = a;code = 97
char = t;code = 116
char = m;code = 109
char = e;code = 101
char = n;code = 110
char = t;code = 116
char = ;code = 32
char = o;code = 111
char = f;code = 102
char = ;code = 32
char = I;code = 73
char = H;code = 72
char = C;code = 67
char = .;code = 46
result sql = PURPOSE : Intrahepatic cholangiocarcinomas (IHC) are rare tumors for which large randomized studies regarding the use of radiation are not available. The purpose of this study was to examine the role of adjuvant and definitive radiation therapy in the treatment of IHC in a large group of patients.
METHODS AND MATERIALS : This is a retrospective analysis of 3,839 patients with IHC collected from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database. The primary endpoint was overall survival (OS).
RESULTS : Patients received either surgery alone (25%), radiation therapy alone (10%), surgery and adjuvant radiation therapy (7%) or no treatment (58%). The median age of the patient population was 73 years (range, 22-102 years); 52% of patients were male and 81% were Caucasian. Median OS was 11 (95% confidence interval [CI], 9-13), 6 (95% CI, 5-6), 7 (95% CI, 6-8), and 3 months for surgery and adjuvant radiation therapy, surgery alone, radiation therapy alone, and no treatment, respectively. The OS was significantly different between surgery alone and surgery and adjuvant radiation therapy (p = 0.014) and radiation therapy alone and no treatment (p < 0.0001). Use of surgery and adjuvant radiation therapy conferred the greatest benefit on OS (HR = 0.40; 95% CI, 0.34-0.47), followed by surgery alone (hazard ratio [HR], 0.49; 95% CI, 0.44-0.54) and radiation therapy alone (HR, 0.68; 95% CI, 0.59-0.77) compared with no treatment, on multivariate analysis. Propensity score adjusted hazard ratios (controlling for age, race/ethnicity, stage, and year of diagnosis) were also significant (surgery and adjuvant radiation therapy vs. surgery alone (HR, 0.82; 95% CI, 0.70-0.96); radiation therapy alone vs. no treatment (HR, 0.67; 95% CI, 0.58-0.76)).
CONCLUSIONS : The study results suggest that adjuvant and definitive radiation treatment prolong survival, although cure rates remain low. Future studies should evaluate the addition of chemotherapy and biologics to the treatment of IHC.
Publication: Int. J. Radiat. Oncol. Biol. Phys. 2008 Dec 1 ;72(5)::1495-501. :doi: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2008.03.018.
Publication Date: 2008 Dec 1
Study Author(s): Shinohara, Eric T;Mitra, Nandita;Guo, Mengye;Metz, James M;
Institution: Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
Shortcut link to this study:
Publication Date: 2008 Dec 1
Study Author(s): Shinohara, Eric T;Mitra, Nandita;Guo, Mengye;Metz, James M;
Institution: Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
Shortcut link to this study:
PURPOSE : Intrahepatic cholangiocarcinomas (IHC) are rare tumors for which large randomized studies regarding the use of radiation are not available. The purpose of this study was to examine the role of adjuvant and definitive radiation therapy in the treatment of IHC in a large group of patients.
METHODS AND MATERIALS : This is a retrospective analysis of 3,839 patients with IHC collected from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database. The primary endpoint was overall survival (OS).
RESULTS : Patients received either surgery alone (25%), radiation therapy alone (10%), surgery and adjuvant radiation therapy (7%) or no treatment (58%). The median age of the patient population was 73 years (range, 22-102 years); 52% of patients were male and 81% were Caucasian. Median OS was 11 (95% confidence interval [CI], 9-13), 6 (95% CI, 5-6), 7 (95% CI, 6-8), and 3 months for surgery and adjuvant radiation therapy, surgery alone, radiation therapy alone, and no treatment, respectively. The OS was significantly different between surgery alone and surgery and adjuvant radiation therapy (p = 0.014) and radiation therapy alone and no treatment (p < 0.0001). Use of surgery and adjuvant radiation therapy conferred the greatest benefit on OS (HR = 0.40; 95% CI, 0.34-0.47), followed by surgery alone (hazard ratio [HR], 0.49; 95% CI, 0.44-0.54) and radiation therapy alone (HR, 0.68; 95% CI, 0.59-0.77) compared with no treatment, on multivariate analysis. Propensity score adjusted hazard ratios (controlling for age, race/ethnicity, stage, and year of diagnosis) were also significant (surgery and adjuvant radiation therapy vs. surgery alone (HR, 0.82; 95% CI, 0.70-0.96); radiation therapy alone vs. no treatment (HR, 0.67; 95% CI, 0.58-0.76)).
CONCLUSIONS : The study results suggest that adjuvant and definitive radiation treatment prolong survival, although cure rates remain low. Future studies should evaluate the addition of chemotherapy and biologics to the treatment of IHC.
METHODS AND MATERIALS : This is a retrospective analysis of 3,839 patients with IHC collected from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database. The primary endpoint was overall survival (OS).
RESULTS : Patients received either surgery alone (25%), radiation therapy alone (10%), surgery and adjuvant radiation therapy (7%) or no treatment (58%). The median age of the patient population was 73 years (range, 22-102 years); 52% of patients were male and 81% were Caucasian. Median OS was 11 (95% confidence interval [CI], 9-13), 6 (95% CI, 5-6), 7 (95% CI, 6-8), and 3 months for surgery and adjuvant radiation therapy, surgery alone, radiation therapy alone, and no treatment, respectively. The OS was significantly different between surgery alone and surgery and adjuvant radiation therapy (p = 0.014) and radiation therapy alone and no treatment (p < 0.0001). Use of surgery and adjuvant radiation therapy conferred the greatest benefit on OS (HR = 0.40; 95% CI, 0.34-0.47), followed by surgery alone (hazard ratio [HR], 0.49; 95% CI, 0.44-0.54) and radiation therapy alone (HR, 0.68; 95% CI, 0.59-0.77) compared with no treatment, on multivariate analysis. Propensity score adjusted hazard ratios (controlling for age, race/ethnicity, stage, and year of diagnosis) were also significant (surgery and adjuvant radiation therapy vs. surgery alone (HR, 0.82; 95% CI, 0.70-0.96); radiation therapy alone vs. no treatment (HR, 0.67; 95% CI, 0.58-0.76)).
CONCLUSIONS : The study results suggest that adjuvant and definitive radiation treatment prolong survival, although cure rates remain low. Future studies should evaluate the addition of chemotherapy and biologics to the treatment of IHC.
PMID: 18472359
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