char = I;code = 73 char = n;code = 110 char = h;code = 104 char = i;code = 105 char = b;code = 98 char = i;code = 105 char = t;code = 116 char = i;code = 105 char = o;code = 111 char = n;code = 110 char = ;code = 32 char = o;code = 111 char = f;code = 102 char = ;code = 32 char = a;code = 97 char = t;code = 116 char = o;code = 111 char = p;code = 112 char = i;code = 105 char = c;code = 99 char = ;code = 32 char = d;code = 100 char = e;code = 101 char = r;code = 114 char = m;code = 109 char = a;code = 97 char = t;code = 116 char = i;code = 105 char = t;code = 116 char = i;code = 105 char = s;code = 115 char = ;code = 32 char = b;code = 98 char = y;code = 121 char = ;code = 32 char = t;code = 116 char = o;code = 111 char = p;code = 112 char = i;code = 105 char = c;code = 99 char = a;code = 97 char = l;code = 108 char = ;code = 32 char = a;code = 97 char = p;code = 112 char = p;code = 112 char = l;code = 108 char = i;code = 105 char = c;code = 99 char = a;code = 97 char = t;code = 116 char = i;code = 105 char = o;code = 111 char = n;code = 110 char = ;code = 32 char = o;code = 111 char = f;code = 102 char = ;code = 32 char = s;code = 115 char = i;code = 105 char = l;code = 108 char = y;code = 121 char = m;code = 109 char = a;code = 97 char = r;code = 114 char = i;code = 105 char = n;code = 110 char = ;code = 32 char = i;code = 105 char = n;code = 110 char = ;code = 32 char = N;code = 78 char = C;code = 67 char = /;code = 47 char = N;code = 78 char = g;code = 103 char = a;code = 97 char = ;code = 32 char = m;code = 109 char = i;code = 105 char = c;code = 99 char = e;code = 101 char = .;code = 46 result sql = Inhibition of atopic dermatitis by topical application of silymarin in NC/Nga mice.
Inhibition of atopic dermatitis by topical application of silymarin in NC/Nga mice.char = S;code = 83 char = i;code = 105 char = l;code = 108 char = y;code = 121 char = m;code = 109 char = a;code = 97 char = r;code = 114 char = i;code = 105 char = n;code = 110 char = ;code = 32 char = h;code = 104 char = a;code = 97 char = s;code = 115 char = ;code = 32 char = b;code = 98 char = e;code = 101 char = e;code = 101 char = n;code = 110 char = ;code = 32 char = k;code = 107 char = n;code = 110 char = o;code = 111 char = w;code = 119 char = n;code = 110 char = ;code = 32 char = t;code = 116 char = o;code = 111 char = ;code = 32 char = i;code = 105 char = n;code = 110 char = h;code = 104 char = i;code = 105 char = b;code = 98 char = i;code = 105 char = t;code = 116 char = ;code = 32 char = c;code = 99 char = h;code = 104 char = e;code = 101 char = m;code = 109 char = i;code = 105 char = c;code = 99 char = a;code = 97 char = l;code = 108 char = -;code = 45 char = i;code = 105 char = n;code = 110 char = d;code = 100 char = u;code = 117 char = c;code = 99 char = e;code = 101 char = d;code = 100 char = ;code = 32 char = i;code = 105 char = r;code = 114 char = r;code = 114 char = i;code = 105 char = t;code = 116 char = a;code = 97 char = n;code = 110 char = t;code = 116 char = ;code = 32 char = c;code = 99 char = o;code = 111 char = n;code = 110 char = t;code = 116 char = a;code = 97 char = c;code = 99 char = t;code = 116 char = ;code = 32 char = d;code = 100 char = e;code = 101 char = r;code = 114 char = m;code = 109 char = a;code = 97 char = t;code = 116 char = i;code = 105 char = t;code = 116 char = i;code = 105 char = s;code = 115 char = .;code = 46 char = ;code = 32 char = I;code = 73 char = n;code = 110 char = ;code = 32 char = t;code = 116 char = h;code = 104 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = p;code = 112 char = r;code = 114 char = e;code = 101 char = s;code = 115 char = e;code = 101 char = n;code = 110 char = t;code = 116 char = ;code = 32 char = s;code = 115 char = t;code = 116 char = u;code = 117 char = d;code = 100 char = y;code = 121 char = ,;code = 44 char = ;code = 32 char = w;code = 119 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = r;code = 114 char = e;code = 101 char = p;code = 112 char = o;code = 111 char = r;code = 114 char = t;code = 116 char = ;code = 32 char = t;code = 116 char = h;code = 104 char = a;code = 97 char = t;code = 116 char = ;code = 32 char = t;code = 116 char = o;code = 111 char = p;code = 112 char = i;code = 105 char = c;code = 99 char = a;code = 97 char = l;code = 108 char = ;code = 32 char = a;code = 97 char = p;code = 112 char = p;code = 112 char = l;code = 108 char = i;code = 105 char = c;code = 99 char = a;code = 97 char = t;code = 116 char = i;code = 105 char = o;code = 111 char = n;code = 110 char = ;code = 32 char = o;code = 111 char = f;code = 102 char = ;code = 32 char = s;code = 115 char = i;code = 105 char = l;code = 108 char = y;code = 121 char = m;code = 109 char = a;code = 97 char = r;code = 114 char = i;code = 105 char = n;code = 110 char = ;code = 32 char = s;code = 115 char = u;code = 117 char = p;code = 112 char = p;code = 112 char = r;code = 114 char = e;code = 101 char = s;code = 115 char = s;code = 115 char = e;code = 101 char = s;code = 115 char = ;code = 32 char = d;code = 100 char = u;code = 117 char = s;code = 115 char = t;code = 116 char = ;code = 32 char = m;code = 109 char = i;code = 105 char = t;code = 116 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = e;code = 101 char = x;code = 120 char = t;code = 116 char = r;code = 114 char = a;code = 97 char = c;code = 99 char = t;code = 116 char = ;code = 32 char = (;code = 40 char = D;code = 68 char = P;code = 80 char = E;code = 69 char = );code = 41 char = -;code = 45 char = i;code = 105 char = n;code = 110 char = d;code = 100 char = u;code = 117 char = c;code = 99 char = e;code = 101 char = d;code = 100 char = ;code = 32 char = a;code = 97 char = t;code = 116 char = o;code = 111 char = p;code = 112 char = i;code = 105 char = c;code = 99 char = ;code = 32 char = d;code = 100 char = e;code = 101 char = r;code = 114 char = m;code = 109 char = a;code = 97 char = t;code = 116 char = i;code = 105 char = t;code = 116 char = i;code = 105 char = s;code = 115 char = ;code = 32 char = (;code = 40 char = A;code = 65 char = D;code = 68 char = );code = 41 char = ;code = 32 char = i;code = 105 char = n;code = 110 char = ;code = 32 char = N;code = 78 char = C;code = 67 char = /;code = 47 char = N;code = 78 char = g;code = 103 char = a;code = 97 char = ;code = 32 char = m;code = 109 char = i;code = 105 char = c;code = 99 char = e;code = 101 char = .;code = 46 char = ;code = 32 char = R;code = 82 char = e;code = 101 char = p;code = 112 char = e;code = 101 char = a;code = 97 char = t;code = 116 char = e;code = 101 char = d;code = 100 char = ;code = 32 char = t;code = 116 char = o;code = 111 char = p;code = 112 char = i;code = 105 char = c;code = 99 char = a;code = 97 char = l;code = 108 char = ;code = 32 char = a;code = 97 char = p;code = 112 char = p;code = 112 char = l;code = 108 char = i;code = 105 char = c;code = 99 char = a;code = 97 char = t;code = 116 char = i;code = 105 char = o;code = 111 char = n;code = 110 char = ;code = 32 char = o;code = 111 char = f;code = 102 char = ;code = 32 char = e;code = 101 char = a;code = 97 char = r;code = 114 char = s;code = 115 char = ;code = 32 char = w;code = 119 char = i;code = 105 char = t;code = 116 char = h;code = 104 char = ;code = 32 char = D;code = 68 char = P;code = 80 char = E;code = 69 char = ;code = 32 char = c;code = 99 char = a;code = 97 char = u;code = 117 char = s;code = 115 char = e;code = 101 char = d;code = 100 char = ;code = 32 char = A;code = 65 char = D;code = 68 char = -;code = 45 char = l;code = 108 char = i;code = 105 char = k;code = 107 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = s;code = 115 char = k;code = 107 char = i;code = 105 char = n;code = 110 char = ;code = 32 char = l;code = 108 char = e;code = 101 char = s;code = 115 char = i;code = 105 char = o;code = 111 char = n;code = 110 char = s;code = 115 char = ;code = 32 char = i;code = 105 char = n;code = 110 char = ;code = 32 char = N;code = 78 char = C;code = 67 char = /;code = 47 char = N;code = 78 char = g;code = 103 char = a;code = 97 char = ;code = 32 char = m;code = 109 char = i;code = 105 char = c;code = 99 char = e;code = 101 char = .;code = 46 char = ;code = 32 char = H;code = 72 char = o;code = 111 char = w;code = 119 char = e;code = 101 char = v;code = 118 char = e;code = 101 char = r;code = 114 char = ,;code = 44 char = ;code = 32 char = s;code = 115 char = i;code = 105 char = l;code = 108 char = y;code = 121 char = m;code = 109 char = a;code = 97 char = r;code = 114 char = i;code = 105 char = n;code = 110 char = ;code = 32 char = r;code = 114 char = e;code = 101 char = d;code = 100 char = u;code = 117 char = c;code = 99 char = e;code = 101 char = d;code = 100 char = ;code = 32 char = A;code = 65 char = D;code = 68 char = -;code = 45 char = l;code = 108 char = i;code = 105 char = k;code = 107 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = s;code = 115 char = k;code = 107 char = i;code = 105 char = n;code = 110 char = ;code = 32 char = l;code = 108 char = e;code = 101 char = s;code = 115 char = i;code = 105 char = o;code = 111 char = n;code = 110 char = s;code = 115 char = ;code = 32 char = i;code = 105 char = n;code = 110 char = ;code = 32 char = t;code = 116 char = h;code = 104 char = e;code = 101 char = s;code = 115 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = m;code = 109 char = i;code = 105 char = c;code = 99 char = e;code = 101 char = ,;code = 44 char = ;code = 32 char = r;code = 114 char = e;code = 101 char = s;code = 115 char = u;code = 117 char = l;code = 108 char = t;code = 116 char = i;code = 105 char = n;code = 110 char = g;code = 103 char = ;code = 32 char = i;code = 105 char = n;code = 110 char = ;code = 32 char = d;code = 100 char = e;code = 101 char = c;code = 99 char = r;code = 114 char = e;code = 101 char = a;code = 97 char = s;code = 115 char = e;code = 101 char = d;code = 100 char = ;code = 32 char = e;code = 101 char = a;code = 97 char = r;code = 114 char = ;code = 32 char = s;code = 115 char = w;code = 119 char = e;code = 101 char = l;code = 108 char = l;code = 108 char = i;code = 105 char = n;code = 110 char = g;code = 103 char = ;code = 32 char = a;code = 97 char = n;code = 110 char = d;code = 100 char = ;code = 32 char = l;code = 108 char = e;code = 101 char = u;code = 117 char = k;code = 107 char = o;code = 111 char = c;code = 99 char = y;code = 121 char = t;code = 116 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = i;code = 105 char = n;code = 110 char = f;code = 102 char = i;code = 105 char = l;code = 108 char = t;code = 116 char = r;code = 114 char = a;code = 97 char = t;code = 116 char = i;code = 105 char = o;code = 111 char = n;code = 110 char = ;code = 32 char = i;code = 105 char = n;code = 110 char = t;code = 116 char = o;code = 111 char = ;code = 32 char = t;code = 116 char = h;code = 104 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = e;code = 101 char = a;code = 97 char = r;code = 114 char = .;code = 46 char = ;code = 32 char = M;code = 77 char = o;code = 111 char = r;code = 114 char = e;code = 101 char = o;code = 111 char = v;code = 118 char = e;code = 101 char = r;code = 114 char = ,;code = 44 char = ;code = 32 char = o;code = 111 char = u;code = 117 char = r;code = 114 char = ;code = 32 char = r;code = 114 char = e;code = 101 char = s;code = 115 char = u;code = 117 char = l;code = 108 char = t;code = 116 char = s;code = 115 char = ;code = 32 char = s;code = 115 char = h;code = 104 char = o;code = 111 char = w;code = 119 char = e;code = 101 char = d;code = 100 char = ;code = 32 char = t;code = 116 char = h;code = 104 char = a;code = 97 char = t;code = 116 char = ;code = 32 char = m;code = 109 char = a;code = 97 char = s;code = 115 char = t;code = 116 char = ;code = 32 char = c;code = 99 char = e;code = 101 char = l;code = 108 char = l;code = 108 char = ;code = 32 char = i;code = 105 char = n;code = 110 char = f;code = 102 char = i;code = 105 char = l;code = 108 char = t;code = 116 char = r;code = 114 char = a;code = 97 char = t;code = 116 char = i;code = 105 char = o;code = 111 char = n;code = 110 char = ;code = 32 char = i;code = 105 char = n;code = 110 char = t;code = 116 char = o;code = 111 char = ;code = 32 char = t;code = 116 char = h;code = 104 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = e;code = 101 char = a;code = 97 char = r;code = 114 char = ;code = 32 char = w;code = 119 char = a;code = 97 char = s;code = 115 char = ;code = 32 char = s;code = 115 char = u;code = 117 char = p;code = 112 char = p;code = 112 char = r;code = 114 char = e;code = 101 char = s;code = 115 char = s;code = 115 char = e;code = 101 char = d;code = 100 char = ;code = 32 char = b;code = 98 char = y;code = 121 char = ;code = 32 char = s;code = 115 char = i;code = 105 char = l;code = 108 char = y;code = 121 char = m;code = 109 char = a;code = 97 char = r;code = 114 char = i;code = 105 char = n;code = 110 char = ;code = 32 char = t;code = 116 char = r;code = 114 char = e;code = 101 char = a;code = 97 char = t;code = 116 char = m;code = 109 char = e;code = 101 char = n;code = 110 char = t;code = 116 char = ;code = 32 char = i;code = 105 char = n;code = 110 char = ;code = 32 char = D;code = 68 char = P;code = 80 char = E;code = 69 char = -;code = 45 char = t;code = 116 char = r;code = 114 char = e;code = 101 char = a;code = 97 char = t;code = 116 char = e;code = 101 char = d;code = 100 char = ;code = 32 char = N;code = 78 char = C;code = 67 char = /;code = 47 char = N;code = 78 char = g;code = 103 char = a;code = 97 char = ;code = 32 char = m;code = 109 char = i;code = 105 char = c;code = 99 char = e;code = 101 char = .;code = 46 char = ;code = 32 char = S;code = 83 char = i;code = 105 char = l;code = 108 char = y;code = 121 char = m;code = 109 char = a;code = 97 char = r;code = 114 char = i;code = 105 char = n;code = 110 char = ;code = 32 char = a;code = 97 char = l;code = 108 char = s;code = 115 char = o;code = 111 char = ;code = 32 char = r;code = 114 char = e;code = 101 char = d;code = 100 char = u;code = 117 char = c;code = 99 char = e;code = 101 char = d;code = 100 char = ;code = 32 char = p;code = 112 char = l;code = 108 char = a;code = 97 char = s;code = 115 char = m;code = 109 char = a;code = 97 char = ;code = 32 char = l;code = 108 char = e;code = 101 char = v;code = 118 char = e;code = 101 char = l;code = 108 char = ;code = 32 char = o;code = 111 char = f;code = 102 char = ;code = 32 char = I;code = 73 char = L;code = 76 char = -;code = 45 char = 4;code = 52 char = ;code = 32 char = a;code = 97 char = n;code = 110 char = d;code = 100 char = ;code = 32 char = I;code = 73 char = g;code = 103 char = E;code = 69 char = ;code = 32 char = i;code = 105 char = n;code = 110 char = ;code = 32 char = t;code = 116 char = h;code = 104 char = e;code = 101 char = s;code = 115 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = m;code = 109 char = i;code = 105 char = c;code = 99 char = e;code = 101 char = .;code = 46 char = ;code = 32 char = F;code = 70 char = u;code = 117 char = r;code = 114 char = t;code = 116 char = h;code = 104 char = e;code = 101 char = r;code = 114 char = ;code = 32 char = s;code = 115 char = t;code = 116 char = u;code = 117 char = d;code = 100 char = y;code = 121 char = ;code = 32 char = d;code = 100 char = e;code = 101 char = m;code = 109 char = o;code = 111 char = n;code = 110 char = s;code = 115 char = t;code = 116 char = r;code = 114 char = a;code = 97 char = t;code = 116 char = e;code = 101 char = d;code = 100 char = ;code = 32 char = t;code = 116 char = h;code = 104 char = a;code = 97 char = t;code = 116 char = ;code = 32 char = t;code = 116 char = h;code = 104 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = m;code = 109 char = R;code = 82 char = N;code = 78 char = A;code = 65 char = ;code = 32 char = e;code = 101 char = x;code = 120 char = p;code = 112 char = r;code = 114 char = e;code = 101 char = s;code = 115 char = s;code = 115 char = i;code = 105 char = o;code = 111 char = n;code = 110 char = ;code = 32 char = o;code = 111 char = f;code = 102 char = ;code = 32 char = I;code = 73 char = L;code = 76 char = -;code = 45 char = 4;code = 52 char = ;code = 32 char = w;code = 119 char = a;code = 97 char = s;code = 115 char = ;code = 32 char = i;code = 105 char = n;code = 110 char = c;code = 99 char = r;code = 114 char = e;code = 101 char = a;code = 97 char = s;code = 115 char = e;code = 101 char = d;code = 100 char = ;code = 32 char = a;code = 97 char = n;code = 110 char = d;code = 100 char = ;code = 32 char = t;code = 116 char = h;code = 104 char = a;code = 97 char = t;code = 116 char = ;code = 32 char = o;code = 111 char = f;code = 102 char = ;code = 32 char = I;code = 73 char = F;code = 70 char = N;code = 78 char = -;code = 45 char = g;code = 103 char = a;code = 97 char = m;code = 109 char = m;code = 109 char = a;code = 97 char = ;code = 32 char = w;code = 119 char = a;code = 97 char = s;code = 115 char = ;code = 32 char = d;code = 100 char = e;code = 101 char = c;code = 99 char = r;code = 114 char = e;code = 101 char = a;code = 97 char = s;code = 115 char = e;code = 101 char = d;code = 100 char = ;code = 32 char = b;code = 98 char = y;code = 121 char = ;code = 32 char = D;code = 68 char = P;code = 80 char = E;code = 69 char = ;code = 32 char = t;code = 116 char = r;code = 114 char = e;code = 101 char = a;code = 97 char = t;code = 116 char = m;code = 109 char = e;code = 101 char = n;code = 110 char = t;code = 116 char = ;code = 32 char = i;code = 105 char = n;code = 110 char = ;code = 32 char = t;code = 116 char = h;code = 104 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = e;code = 101 char = a;code = 97 char = r;code = 114 char = s;code = 115 char = ;code = 32 char = o;code = 111 char = f;code = 102 char = ;code = 32 char = N;code = 78 char = C;code = 67 char = /;code = 47 char = N;code = 78 char = g;code = 103 char = a;code = 97 char = ;code = 32 char = m;code = 109 char = i;code = 105 char = c;code = 99 char = e;code = 101 char = .;code = 46 char = ;code = 32 char = H;code = 72 char = o;code = 111 char = w;code = 119 char = e;code = 101 char = v;code = 118 char = e;code = 101 char = r;code = 114 char = ,;code = 44 char = ;code = 32 char = D;code = 68 char = P;code = 80 char = E;code = 69 char = -;code = 45 char = i;code = 105 char = n;code = 110 char = d;code = 100 char = u;code = 117 char = c;code = 99 char = e;code = 101 char = d;code = 100 char = ;code = 32 char = c;code = 99 char = h;code = 104 char = a;code = 97 char = n;code = 110 char = g;code = 103 char = e;code = 101 char = s;code = 115 char = ;code = 32 char = i;code = 105 char = n;code = 110 char = ;code = 32 char = I;code = 73 char = L;code = 76 char = -;code = 45 char = 4;code = 52 char = ;code = 32 char = a;code = 97 char = n;code = 110 char = d;code = 100 char = ;code = 32 char = I;code = 73 char = F;code = 70 char = N;code = 78 char = -;code = 45 char = g;code = 103 char = a;code = 97 char = m;code = 109 char = m;code = 109 char = a;code = 97 char = ;code = 32 char = m;code = 109 char = R;code = 82 char = N;code = 78 char = A;code = 65 char = ;code = 32 char = e;code = 101 char = x;code = 120 char = p;code = 112 char = r;code = 114 char = e;code = 101 char = s;code = 115 char = s;code = 115 char = i;code = 105 char = o;code = 111 char = n;code = 110 char = ;code = 32 char = w;code = 119 char = e;code = 101 char = r;code = 114 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = r;code = 114 char = e;code = 101 char = v;code = 118 char = e;code = 101 char = r;code = 114 char = s;code = 115 char = e;code = 101 char = d;code = 100 char = ;code = 32 char = b;code = 98 char = y;code = 121 char = ;code = 32 char = s;code = 115 char = i;code = 105 char = l;code = 108 char = y;code = 121 char = m;code = 109 char = a;code = 97 char = r;code = 114 char = i;code = 105 char = n;code = 110 char = .;code = 46 char = ;code = 32 char = D;code = 68 char = P;code = 80 char = E;code = 69 char = -;code = 45 char = i;code = 105 char = n;code = 110 char = d;code = 100 char = u;code = 117 char = c;code = 99 char = e;code = 101 char = d;code = 100 char = ;code = 32 char = i;code = 105 char = n;code = 110 char = c;code = 99 char = r;code = 114 char = e;code = 101 char = a;code = 97 char = s;code = 115 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = i;code = 105 char = n;code = 110 char = ;code = 32 char = T;code = 84 char = N;code = 78 char = F;code = 70 char = -;code = 45 char = a;code = 97 char = l;code = 108 char = p;code = 112 char = h;code = 104 char = a;code = 97 char = ;code = 32 char = m;code = 109 char = R;code = 82 char = N;code = 78 char = A;code = 65 char = ;code = 32 char = e;code = 101 char = x;code = 120 char = p;code = 112 char = r;code = 114 char = e;code = 101 char = s;code = 115 char = s;code = 115 char = i;code = 105 char = o;code = 111 char = n;code = 110 char = ;code = 32 char = w;code = 119 char = a;code = 97 char = s;code = 115 char = ;code = 32 char = a;code = 97 char = l;code = 108 char = s;code = 115 char = o;code = 111 char = ;code = 32 char = s;code = 115 char = u;code = 117 char = p;code = 112 char = p;code = 112 char = r;code = 114 char = e;code = 101 char = s;code = 115 char = s;code = 115 char = e;code = 101 char = d;code = 100 char = ;code = 32 char = b;code = 98 char = y;code = 121 char = ;code = 32 char = s;code = 115 char = i;code = 105 char = l;code = 108 char = y;code = 121 char = m;code = 109 char = a;code = 97 char = r;code = 114 char = i;code = 105 char = n;code = 110 char = ;code = 32 char = t;code = 116 char = r;code = 114 char = e;code = 101 char = a;code = 97 char = t;code = 116 char = m;code = 109 char = e;code = 101 char = n;code = 110 char = t;code = 116 char = .;code = 46 char = ;code = 32 char = T;code = 84 char = h;code = 104 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = r;code = 114 char = e;code = 101 char = s;code = 115 char = u;code = 117 char = l;code = 108 char = t;code = 116 char = s;code = 115 char = ;code = 32 char = p;code = 112 char = r;code = 114 char = e;code = 101 char = s;code = 115 char = e;code = 101 char = n;code = 110 char = t;code = 116 char = e;code = 101 char = d;code = 100 char = ;code = 32 char = i;code = 105 char = n;code = 110 char = ;code = 32 char = t;code = 116 char = h;code = 104 char = i;code = 105 char = s;code = 115 char = ;code = 32 char = r;code = 114 char = e;code = 101 char = p;code = 112 char = o;code = 111 char = r;code = 114 char = t;code = 116 char = ;code = 32 char = s;code = 115 char = u;code = 117 char = g;code = 103 char = g;code = 103 char = e;code = 101 char = s;code = 115 char = t;code = 116 char = ;code = 32 char = t;code = 116 char = h;code = 104 char = a;code = 97 char = t;code = 116 char = ;code = 32 char = s;code = 115 char = i;code = 105 char = l;code = 108 char = y;code = 121 char = m;code = 109 char = a;code = 97 char = r;code = 114 char = i;code = 105 char = n;code = 110 char = ;code = 32 char = m;code = 109 char = i;code = 105 char = g;code = 103 char = h;code = 104 char = t;code = 116 char = ;code = 32 char = b;code = 98 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = b;code = 98 char = e;code = 101 char = n;code = 110 char = e;code = 101 char = f;code = 102 char = i;code = 105 char = c;code = 99 char = i;code = 105 char = a;code = 97 char = l;code = 108 char = ;code = 32 char = f;code = 102 char = o;code = 111 char = r;code = 114 char = ;code = 32 char = t;code = 116 char = h;code = 104 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = t;code = 116 char = r;code = 114 char = e;code = 101 char = a;code = 97 char = t;code = 116 char = m;code = 109 char = e;code = 101 char = n;code = 110 char = t;code = 116 char = ;code = 32 char = o;code = 111 char = f;code = 102 char = ;code = 32 char = A;code = 65 char = D;code = 68 char = .;code = 46 char = <;code = 60 char = b;code = 98 char = r;code = 114 char = /;code = 47 char = >;code = 62 result sql = Silymarin has been known to inhibit chemical-induced irritant contact dermatitis. In the present study, we report that topical application of silymarin suppresses dust mite extract (DPE)-induced atopic dermatitis (AD) in NC/Nga mice. Repeated topical application of ears with DPE caused AD-like skin lesions in NC/Nga mice. However, silymarin reduced AD-like skin lesions in these mice, resulting in decreased ear swelling and leukocyte infiltration into the ear. Moreover, our results showed that mast cell infiltration into the ear was suppressed by silymarin treatment in DPE-treated NC/Nga mice. Silymarin also reduced plasma level of IL-4 and IgE in these mice. Further study demonstrated that the mRNA expression of IL-4 was increased and that of IFN-gamma was decreased by DPE treatment in the ears of NC/Nga mice. However, DPE-induced changes in IL-4 and IFN-gamma mRNA expression were reversed by silymarin. DPE-induced increase in TNF-alpha mRNA expression was also suppressed by silymarin treatment. The results presented in this report suggest that silymarin might be beneficial for the treatment of AD.
Publication: Int. Immunopharmacol. 2008 Oct ;8(10)::1475-80. :doi: 10.1016/j.intimp.2008.06.004.
Publication Date: 2008 Oct
Study Author(s): Kang, Jong Soon;Yoon, Won Kee;Han, Mi Hwa;Lee, Hyunju;Lee, Chang Woo;Lee, Ki Hoon;Han, Sang-Bae;Lee, Kiho;Yang, Kyu-Hwan;Park, Song-Kyu;Kim, Hwan Mook;
Institution: Bioevaluation Center, KRIBB, Cheongwon, Chungbuk, Republic of Korea.
Shortcut link to this study:
Silymarin has been known to inhibit chemical-induced irritant contact dermatitis. In the present study, we report that topical application of silymarin suppresses dust mite extract (DPE)-induced atopic dermatitis (AD) in NC/Nga mice. Repeated topical application of ears with DPE caused AD-like skin lesions in NC/Nga mice. However, silymarin reduced AD-like skin lesions in these mice, resulting in decreased ear swelling and leukocyte infiltration into the ear. Moreover, our results showed that mast cell infiltration into the ear was suppressed by silymarin treatment in DPE-treated NC/Nga mice. Silymarin also reduced plasma level of IL-4 and IgE in these mice. Further study demonstrated that the mRNA expression of IL-4 was increased and that of IFN-gamma was decreased by DPE treatment in the ears of NC/Nga mice. However, DPE-induced changes in IL-4 and IFN-gamma mRNA expression were reversed by silymarin. DPE-induced increase in TNF-alpha mRNA expression was also suppressed by silymarin treatment. The results presented in this report suggest that silymarin might be beneficial for the treatment of AD.
PMID: 18593606