char = M;code = 77 char = e;code = 101 char = r;code = 114 char = c;code = 99 char = u;code = 117 char = r;code = 114 char = y;code = 121 char = ;code = 32 char = i;code = 105 char = n;code = 110 char = ;code = 32 char = s;code = 115 char = a;code = 97 char = l;code = 108 char = t;code = 116 char = ;code = 32 char = m;code = 109 char = a;code = 97 char = r;code = 114 char = s;code = 115 char = h;code = 104 char = e;code = 101 char = s;code = 115 char = ;code = 32 char = e;code = 101 char = c;code = 99 char = o;code = 111 char = s;code = 115 char = y;code = 121 char = s;code = 115 char = t;code = 116 char = e;code = 101 char = m;code = 109 char = s;code = 115 char = :;code = 58 char = ;code = 32 char = H;code = 72 char = a;code = 97 char = l;code = 108 char = i;code = 105 char = m;code = 109 char = i;code = 105 char = o;code = 111 char = n;code = 110 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = p;code = 112 char = o;code = 111 char = r;code = 114 char = t;code = 116 char = u;code = 117 char = l;code = 108 char = a;code = 97 char = c;code = 99 char = o;code = 111 char = i;code = 105 char = d;code = 100 char = e;code = 101 char = s;code = 115 char = ;code = 32 char = a;code = 97 char = s;code = 115 char = ;code = 32 char = b;code = 98 char = i;code = 105 char = o;code = 111 char = m;code = 109 char = o;code = 111 char = n;code = 110 char = i;code = 105 char = t;code = 116 char = o;code = 111 char = r;code = 114 char = .;code = 46 result sql = Mercury in salt marshes ecosystems: Halimione portulacoides as biomonitor.
Mercury in salt marshes ecosystems: Halimione portulacoides as biomonitor.char = M;code = 77 char = e;code = 101 char = r;code = 114 char = c;code = 99 char = u;code = 117 char = r;code = 114 char = y;code = 121 char = ;code = 32 char = c;code = 99 char = o;code = 111 char = n;code = 110 char = c;code = 99 char = e;code = 101 char = n;code = 110 char = t;code = 116 char = r;code = 114 char = a;code = 97 char = t;code = 116 char = i;code = 105 char = o;code = 111 char = n;code = 110 char = s;code = 115 char = ;code = 32 char = w;code = 119 char = e;code = 101 char = r;code = 114 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = q;code = 113 char = u;code = 117 char = a;code = 97 char = n;code = 110 char = t;code = 116 char = i;code = 105 char = f;code = 102 char = i;code = 105 char = e;code = 101 char = d;code = 100 char = ;code = 32 char = i;code = 105 char = n;code = 110 char = ;code = 32 char = H;code = 72 char = a;code = 97 char = l;code = 108 char = i;code = 105 char = m;code = 109 char = i;code = 105 char = o;code = 111 char = n;code = 110 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = p;code = 112 char = o;code = 111 char = r;code = 114 char = t;code = 116 char = u;code = 117 char = l;code = 108 char = a;code = 97 char = c;code = 99 char = o;code = 111 char = i;code = 105 char = d;code = 100 char = e;code = 101 char = s;code = 115 char = ;code = 32 char = (;code = 40 char = r;code = 114 char = o;code = 111 char = o;code = 111 char = t;code = 116 char = s;code = 115 char = ,;code = 44 char = ;code = 32 char = s;code = 115 char = t;code = 116 char = e;code = 101 char = m;code = 109 char = s;code = 115 char = ;code = 32 char = a;code = 97 char = n;code = 110 char = d;code = 100 char = ;code = 32 char = l;code = 108 char = e;code = 101 char = a;code = 97 char = v;code = 118 char = e;code = 101 char = s;code = 115 char = );code = 41 char = ;code = 32 char = a;code = 97 char = s;code = 115 char = ;code = 32 char = w;code = 119 char = e;code = 101 char = l;code = 108 char = l;code = 108 char = ;code = 32 char = a;code = 97 char = s;code = 115 char = ;code = 32 char = i;code = 105 char = n;code = 110 char = ;code = 32 char = s;code = 115 char = e;code = 101 char = d;code = 100 char = i;code = 105 char = m;code = 109 char = e;code = 101 char = n;code = 110 char = t;code = 116 char = s;code = 115 char = ;code = 32 char = f;code = 102 char = r;code = 114 char = o;code = 111 char = m;code = 109 char = ;code = 32 char = e;code = 101 char = i;code = 105 char = g;code = 103 char = h;code = 104 char = t;code = 116 char = ;code = 32 char = P;code = 80 char = o;code = 111 char = r;code = 114 char = t;code = 116 char = u;code = 117 char = g;code = 103 char = u;code = 117 char = e;code = 101 char = s;code = 115 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = e;code = 101 char = s;code = 115 char = t;code = 116 char = u;code = 117 char = a;code = 97 char = r;code = 114 char = i;code = 105 char = n;code = 110 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = s;code = 115 char = y;code = 121 char = s;code = 115 char = t;code = 116 char = e;code = 101 char = m;code = 109 char = s;code = 115 char = ,;code = 44 char = ;code = 32 char = c;code = 99 char = o;code = 111 char = v;code = 118 char = e;code = 101 char = r;code = 114 char = i;code = 105 char = n;code = 110 char = g;code = 103 char = ;code = 32 char = s;code = 115 char = e;code = 101 char = v;code = 118 char = e;code = 101 char = n;code = 110 char = t;code = 116 char = e;code = 101 char = e;code = 101 char = n;code = 110 char = ;code = 32 char = s;code = 115 char = a;code = 97 char = l;code = 108 char = t;code = 116 char = ;code = 32 char = m;code = 109 char = a;code = 97 char = r;code = 114 char = s;code = 115 char = h;code = 104 char = e;code = 101 char = s;code = 115 char = ;code = 32 char = w;code = 119 char = i;code = 105 char = t;code = 116 char = h;code = 104 char = ;code = 32 char = d;code = 100 char = i;code = 105 char = s;code = 115 char = t;code = 116 char = i;code = 105 char = n;code = 110 char = c;code = 99 char = t;code = 116 char = ;code = 32 char = d;code = 100 char = e;code = 101 char = g;code = 103 char = r;code = 114 char = e;code = 101 char = e;code = 101 char = s;code = 115 char = ;code = 32 char = o;code = 111 char = f;code = 102 char = ;code = 32 char = m;code = 109 char = e;code = 101 char = r;code = 114 char = c;code = 99 char = u;code = 117 char = r;code = 114 char = y;code = 121 char = ;code = 32 char = c;code = 99 char = o;code = 111 char = n;code = 110 char = t;code = 116 char = a;code = 97 char = m;code = 109 char = i;code = 105 char = n;code = 110 char = a;code = 97 char = t;code = 116 char = i;code = 105 char = o;code = 111 char = n;code = 110 char = .;code = 46 char = ;code = 32 char = T;code = 84 char = h;code = 104 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = c;code = 99 char = o;code = 111 char = n;code = 110 char = c;code = 99 char = e;code = 101 char = n;code = 110 char = t;code = 116 char = r;code = 114 char = a;code = 97 char = t;code = 116 char = i;code = 105 char = o;code = 111 char = n;code = 110 char = ;code = 32 char = o;code = 111 char = f;code = 102 char = ;code = 32 char = m;code = 109 char = e;code = 101 char = r;code = 114 char = c;code = 99 char = u;code = 117 char = r;code = 114 char = y;code = 121 char = ;code = 32 char = i;code = 105 char = n;code = 110 char = ;code = 32 char = t;code = 116 char = h;code = 104 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = s;code = 115 char = e;code = 101 char = d;code = 100 char = i;code = 105 char = m;code = 109 char = e;code = 101 char = n;code = 110 char = t;code = 116 char = s;code = 115 char = ;code = 32 char = r;code = 114 char = a;code = 97 char = n;code = 110 char = g;code = 103 char = e;code = 101 char = d;code = 100 char = ;code = 32 char = f;code = 102 char = r;code = 114 char = o;code = 111 char = m;code = 109 char = ;code = 32 char = 0;code = 48 char = .;code = 46 char = 0;code = 48 char = 3;code = 51 char = ;code = 32 char = t;code = 116 char = o;code = 111 char = ;code = 32 char = 1;code = 49 char = 7;code = 55 char = .;code = 46 char = 0;code = 48 char = ;code = 32 char = m;code = 109 char = i;code = 105 char = c;code = 99 char = r;code = 114 char = o;code = 111 char = g;code = 103 char = ;code = 32 char = g;code = 103 char = (;code = 40 char = -;code = 45 char = 1;code = 49 char = );code = 41 char = .;code = 46 char = ;code = 32 char = T;code = 84 char = h;code = 104 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = r;code = 114 char = e;code = 101 char = s;code = 115 char = u;code = 117 char = l;code = 108 char = t;code = 116 char = s;code = 115 char = ;code = 32 char = s;code = 115 char = h;code = 104 char = o;code = 111 char = w;code = 119 char = ;code = 32 char = t;code = 116 char = h;code = 104 char = a;code = 97 char = t;code = 116 char = ;code = 32 char = t;code = 116 char = h;code = 104 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = a;code = 97 char = c;code = 99 char = c;code = 99 char = u;code = 117 char = m;code = 109 char = u;code = 117 char = l;code = 108 char = a;code = 97 char = t;code = 116 char = i;code = 105 char = o;code = 111 char = n;code = 110 char = ;code = 32 char = o;code = 111 char = f;code = 102 char = ;code = 32 char = m;code = 109 char = e;code = 101 char = r;code = 114 char = c;code = 99 char = u;code = 117 char = r;code = 114 char = y;code = 121 char = ;code = 32 char = d;code = 100 char = i;code = 105 char = f;code = 102 char = f;code = 102 char = e;code = 101 char = r;code = 114 char = e;code = 101 char = d;code = 100 char = ;code = 32 char = a;code = 97 char = c;code = 99 char = c;code = 99 char = o;code = 111 char = r;code = 114 char = d;code = 100 char = i;code = 105 char = n;code = 110 char = g;code = 103 char = ;code = 32 char = t;code = 116 char = o;code = 111 char = ;code = 32 char = t;code = 116 char = h;code = 104 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = o;code = 111 char = r;code = 114 char = g;code = 103 char = a;code = 97 char = n;code = 110 char = ;code = 32 char = o;code = 111 char = f;code = 102 char = ;code = 32 char = t;code = 116 char = h;code = 104 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = p;code = 112 char = l;code = 108 char = a;code = 97 char = n;code = 110 char = t;code = 116 char = ;code = 32 char = e;code = 101 char = x;code = 120 char = a;code = 97 char = m;code = 109 char = i;code = 105 char = n;code = 110 char = e;code = 101 char = d;code = 100 char = ;code = 32 char = a;code = 97 char = n;code = 110 char = d;code = 100 char = ;code = 32 char = t;code = 116 char = h;code = 104 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = c;code = 99 char = o;code = 111 char = n;code = 110 char = c;code = 99 char = e;code = 101 char = n;code = 110 char = t;code = 116 char = r;code = 114 char = a;code = 97 char = t;code = 116 char = i;code = 105 char = o;code = 111 char = n;code = 110 char = ;code = 32 char = o;code = 111 char = f;code = 102 char = ;code = 32 char = m;code = 109 char = e;code = 101 char = r;code = 114 char = c;code = 99 char = u;code = 117 char = r;code = 114 char = y;code = 121 char = ;code = 32 char = i;code = 105 char = n;code = 110 char = ;code = 32 char = t;code = 116 char = h;code = 104 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = s;code = 115 char = e;code = 101 char = d;code = 100 char = i;code = 105 char = m;code = 109 char = e;code = 101 char = n;code = 110 char = t;code = 116 char = s;code = 115 char = .;code = 46 char = ;code = 32 char = H;code = 72 char = i;code = 105 char = g;code = 103 char = h;code = 104 char = e;code = 101 char = r;code = 114 char = ;code = 32 char = m;code = 109 char = e;code = 101 char = r;code = 114 char = c;code = 99 char = u;code = 117 char = r;code = 114 char = y;code = 121 char = ;code = 32 char = c;code = 99 char = o;code = 111 char = n;code = 110 char = c;code = 99 char = e;code = 101 char = n;code = 110 char = t;code = 116 char = r;code = 114 char = a;code = 97 char = t;code = 116 char = i;code = 105 char = o;code = 111 char = n;code = 110 char = s;code = 115 char = ;code = 32 char = w;code = 119 char = e;code = 101 char = r;code = 114 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = f;code = 102 char = o;code = 111 char = u;code = 117 char = n;code = 110 char = d;code = 100 char = ;code = 32 char = i;code = 105 char = n;code = 110 char = ;code = 32 char = t;code = 116 char = h;code = 104 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = r;code = 114 char = o;code = 111 char = o;code = 111 char = t;code = 116 char = s;code = 115 char = ;code = 32 char = (;code = 40 char = u;code = 117 char = p;code = 112 char = ;code = 32 char = t;code = 116 char = o;code = 111 char = ;code = 32 char = 1;code = 49 char = 2;code = 50 char = .;code = 46 char = 9;code = 57 char = ;code = 32 char = m;code = 109 char = i;code = 105 char = c;code = 99 char = r;code = 114 char = o;code = 111 char = g;code = 103 char = ;code = 32 char = g;code = 103 char = (;code = 40 char = -;code = 45 char = 1;code = 49 char = );code = 41 char = );code = 41 char = ;code = 32 char = f;code = 102 char = o;code = 111 char = l;code = 108 char = l;code = 108 char = o;code = 111 char = w;code = 119 char = e;code = 101 char = d;code = 100 char = ;code = 32 char = b;code = 98 char = y;code = 121 char = ;code = 32 char = t;code = 116 char = h;code = 104 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = l;code = 108 char = e;code = 101 char = a;code = 97 char = v;code = 118 char = e;code = 101 char = s;code = 115 char = ;code = 32 char = (;code = 40 char = u;code = 117 char = p;code = 112 char = ;code = 32 char = t;code = 116 char = o;code = 111 char = ;code = 32 char = 0;code = 48 char = .;code = 46 char = 1;code = 49 char = 2;code = 50 char = ;code = 32 char = m;code = 109 char = i;code = 105 char = c;code = 99 char = r;code = 114 char = o;code = 111 char = g;code = 103 char = ;code = 32 char = g;code = 103 char = (;code = 40 char = -;code = 45 char = 1;code = 49 char = );code = 41 char = );code = 41 char = ,;code = 44 char = ;code = 32 char = w;code = 119 char = h;code = 104 char = i;code = 105 char = l;code = 108 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = t;code = 116 char = h;code = 104 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = s;code = 115 char = t;code = 116 char = e;code = 101 char = m;code = 109 char = s;code = 115 char = ;code = 32 char = h;code = 104 char = a;code = 97 char = d;code = 100 char = ;code = 32 char = t;code = 116 char = h;code = 104 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = l;code = 108 char = o;code = 111 char = w;code = 119 char = e;code = 101 char = s;code = 115 char = t;code = 116 char = ;code = 32 char = c;code = 99 char = o;code = 111 char = n;code = 110 char = c;code = 99 char = e;code = 101 char = n;code = 110 char = t;code = 116 char = r;code = 114 char = a;code = 97 char = t;code = 116 char = i;code = 105 char = o;code = 111 char = n;code = 110 char = s;code = 115 char = ;code = 32 char = (;code = 40 char = u;code = 117 char = p;code = 112 char = ;code = 32 char = t;code = 116 char = o;code = 111 char = ;code = 32 char = 0;code = 48 char = .;code = 46 char = 0;code = 48 char = 5;code = 53 char = 6;code = 54 char = ;code = 32 char = m;code = 109 char = i;code = 105 char = c;code = 99 char = r;code = 114 char = o;code = 111 char = g;code = 103 char = ;code = 32 char = g;code = 103 char = (;code = 40 char = -;code = 45 char = 1;code = 49 char = );code = 41 char = );code = 41 char = .;code = 46 char = ;code = 32 char = A;code = 65 char = ;code = 32 char = l;code = 108 char = i;code = 105 char = n;code = 110 char = e;code = 101 char = a;code = 97 char = r;code = 114 char = ;code = 32 char = m;code = 109 char = o;code = 111 char = d;code = 100 char = e;code = 101 char = l;code = 108 char = ;code = 32 char = e;code = 101 char = x;code = 120 char = p;code = 112 char = l;code = 108 char = a;code = 97 char = i;code = 105 char = n;code = 110 char = e;code = 101 char = d;code = 100 char = ;code = 32 char = t;code = 116 char = h;code = 104 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = r;code = 114 char = e;code = 101 char = l;code = 108 char = a;code = 97 char = t;code = 116 char = i;code = 105 char = o;code = 111 char = n;code = 110 char = ;code = 32 char = b;code = 98 char = e;code = 101 char = t;code = 116 char = w;code = 119 char = e;code = 101 char = e;code = 101 char = n;code = 110 char = ;code = 32 char = t;code = 116 char = h;code = 104 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = c;code = 99 char = o;code = 111 char = n;code = 110 char = c;code = 99 char = e;code = 101 char = n;code = 110 char = t;code = 116 char = r;code = 114 char = a;code = 97 char = t;code = 116 char = i;code = 105 char = o;code = 111 char = n;code = 110 char = s;code = 115 char = ;code = 32 char = o;code = 111 char = f;code = 102 char = ;code = 32 char = m;code = 109 char = e;code = 101 char = r;code = 114 char = c;code = 99 char = u;code = 117 char = r;code = 114 char = y;code = 121 char = ;code = 32 char = i;code = 105 char = n;code = 110 char = ;code = 32 char = t;code = 116 char = h;code = 104 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = d;code = 100 char = i;code = 105 char = f;code = 102 char = f;code = 102 char = e;code = 101 char = r;code = 114 char = e;code = 101 char = n;code = 110 char = t;code = 116 char = ;code = 32 char = p;code = 112 char = l;code = 108 char = a;code = 97 char = n;code = 110 char = t;code = 116 char = ;code = 32 char = o;code = 111 char = r;code = 114 char = g;code = 103 char = a;code = 97 char = n;code = 110 char = s;code = 115 char = :;code = 58 char = ;code = 32 char = r;code = 114 char = o;code = 111 char = o;code = 111 char = t;code = 116 char = s;code = 115 char = ;code = 32 char = a;code = 97 char = n;code = 110 char = d;code = 100 char = ;code = 32 char = s;code = 115 char = t;code = 116 char = e;code = 101 char = m;code = 109 char = s;code = 115 char = ;code = 32 char = (;code = 40 char = R;code = 82 char = (;code = 40 char = a;code = 97 char = d;code = 100 char = j;code = 106 char = );code = 41 char = (;code = 40 char = 2;code = 50 char = );code = 41 char = =;code = 61 char = 0;code = 48 char = .;code = 46 char = 7;code = 55 char = 5;code = 53 char = );code = 41 char = ,;code = 44 char = ;code = 32 char = s;code = 115 char = t;code = 116 char = e;code = 101 char = m;code = 109 char = s;code = 115 char = ;code = 32 char = a;code = 97 char = n;code = 110 char = d;code = 100 char = ;code = 32 char = l;code = 108 char = e;code = 101 char = a;code = 97 char = v;code = 118 char = e;code = 101 char = s;code = 115 char = ;code = 32 char = (;code = 40 char = R;code = 82 char = (;code = 40 char = a;code = 97 char = d;code = 100 char = j;code = 106 char = );code = 41 char = (;code = 40 char = 2;code = 50 char = );code = 41 char = =;code = 61 char = 0;code = 48 char = .;code = 46 char = 8;code = 56 char = 5;code = 53 char = );code = 41 char = ;code = 32 char = a;code = 97 char = n;code = 110 char = d;code = 100 char = ;code = 32 char = r;code = 114 char = o;code = 111 char = o;code = 111 char = t;code = 116 char = s;code = 115 char = ;code = 32 char = a;code = 97 char = n;code = 110 char = d;code = 100 char = ;code = 32 char = l;code = 108 char = e;code = 101 char = a;code = 97 char = v;code = 118 char = e;code = 101 char = s;code = 115 char = ;code = 32 char = (;code = 40 char = R;code = 82 char = (;code = 40 char = a;code = 97 char = d;code = 100 char = j;code = 106 char = );code = 41 char = (;code = 40 char = 2;code = 50 char = );code = 41 char = =;code = 61 char = 0;code = 48 char = .;code = 46 char = 7;code = 55 char = 8;code = 56 char = );code = 41 char = .;code = 46 char = ;code = 32 char = H;code = 72 char = o;code = 111 char = w;code = 119 char = e;code = 101 char = v;code = 118 char = e;code = 101 char = r;code = 114 char = ,;code = 44 char = ;code = 32 char = t;code = 116 char = h;code = 104 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = r;code = 114 char = e;code = 101 char = s;code = 115 char = u;code = 117 char = l;code = 108 char = t;code = 116 char = s;code = 115 char = ;code = 32 char = s;code = 115 char = h;code = 104 char = o;code = 111 char = w;code = 119 char = ;code = 32 char = t;code = 116 char = h;code = 104 char = a;code = 97 char = t;code = 116 char = ;code = 32 char = t;code = 116 char = h;code = 104 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = v;code = 118 char = a;code = 97 char = r;code = 114 char = i;code = 105 char = a;code = 97 char = t;code = 116 char = i;code = 105 char = o;code = 111 char = n;code = 110 char = ;code = 32 char = o;code = 111 char = f;code = 102 char = ;code = 32 char = m;code = 109 char = e;code = 101 char = r;code = 114 char = c;code = 99 char = u;code = 117 char = r;code = 114 char = y;code = 121 char = ;code = 32 char = c;code = 99 char = o;code = 111 char = n;code = 110 char = c;code = 99 char = e;code = 101 char = n;code = 110 char = t;code = 116 char = r;code = 114 char = a;code = 97 char = t;code = 116 char = i;code = 105 char = o;code = 111 char = n;code = 110 char = ;code = 32 char = i;code = 105 char = n;code = 110 char = ;code = 32 char = t;code = 116 char = h;code = 104 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = r;code = 114 char = o;code = 111 char = o;code = 111 char = t;code = 116 char = s;code = 115 char = ;code = 32 char = v;code = 118 char = e;code = 101 char = r;code = 114 char = s;code = 115 char = u;code = 117 char = s;code = 115 char = ;code = 32 char = m;code = 109 char = e;code = 101 char = r;code = 114 char = c;code = 99 char = u;code = 117 char = r;code = 114 char = y;code = 121 char = ;code = 32 char = c;code = 99 char = o;code = 111 char = n;code = 110 char = c;code = 99 char = e;code = 101 char = n;code = 110 char = t;code = 116 char = r;code = 114 char = a;code = 97 char = t;code = 116 char = i;code = 105 char = o;code = 111 char = n;code = 110 char = ;code = 32 char = i;code = 105 char = n;code = 110 char = ;code = 32 char = t;code = 116 char = h;code = 104 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = s;code = 115 char = e;code = 101 char = d;code = 100 char = i;code = 105 char = m;code = 109 char = e;code = 101 char = n;code = 110 char = t;code = 116 char = s;code = 115 char = ;code = 32 char = w;code = 119 char = a;code = 97 char = s;code = 115 char = ;code = 32 char = b;code = 98 char = e;code = 101 char = s;code = 115 char = t;code = 116 char = ;code = 32 char = f;code = 102 char = i;code = 105 char = t;code = 116 char = t;code = 116 char = e;code = 101 char = d;code = 100 char = ;code = 32 char = b;code = 98 char = y;code = 121 char = ;code = 32 char = a;code = 97 char = ;code = 32 char = s;code = 115 char = i;code = 105 char = g;code = 103 char = m;code = 109 char = o;code = 111 char = i;code = 105 char = d;code = 100 char = a;code = 97 char = l;code = 108 char = ;code = 32 char = m;code = 109 char = o;code = 111 char = d;code = 100 char = e;code = 101 char = l;code = 108 char = ;code = 32 char = (;code = 40 char = R;code = 82 char = (;code = 40 char = a;code = 97 char = d;code = 100 char = j;code = 106 char = );code = 41 char = (;code = 40 char = 2;code = 50 char = );code = 41 char = =;code = 61 char = 0;code = 48 char = .;code = 46 char = 8;code = 56 char = 9;code = 57 char = );code = 41 char = .;code = 46 char = ;code = 32 char = <;code = 60 char = b;code = 98 char = >;code = 62 char = M;code = 77 char = E;code = 69 char = R;code = 82 char = C;code = 67 char = U;code = 85 char = R;code = 82 char = Y;code = 89 char = ;code = 32 char = A;code = 65 char = C;code = 67 char = C;code = 67 char = U;code = 85 char = M;code = 77 char = U;code = 85 char = L;code = 76 char = A;code = 65 char = T;code = 84 char = I;code = 73 char = O;code = 79 char = N;code = 78 char = ;code = 32 char = I;code = 73 char = N;code = 78 char = ;code = 32 char = T;code = 84 char = H;code = 72 char = E;code = 69 char = ;code = 32 char = R;code = 82 char = O;code = 79 char = O;code = 79 char = T;code = 84 char = S;code = 83 char = ;code = 32 char = C;code = 67 char = A;code = 65 char = N;code = 78 char = ;code = 32 char = B;code = 66 char = E;code = 69 char = ;code = 32 char = D;code = 68 char = E;code = 69 char = S;code = 83 char = C;code = 67 char = R;code = 82 char = I;code = 73 char = B;code = 66 char = E;code = 69 char = D;code = 68 char = ;code = 32 char = I;code = 73 char = N;code = 78 char = ;code = 32 char = T;code = 84 char = H;code = 72 char = R;code = 82 char = E;code = 69 char = E;code = 69 char = ;code = 32 char = S;code = 83 char = T;code = 84 char = E;code = 69 char = P;code = 80 char = S;code = 83 char = :;code = 58 char = ;code = 32 char = <;code = 60 char = /;code = 47 char = b;code = 98 char = >;code = 62 char = ;code = 32 char = a;code = 97 char = t;code = 116 char = ;code = 32 char = a;code = 97 char = ;code = 32 char = l;code = 108 char = o;code = 111 char = w;code = 119 char = ;code = 32 char = r;code = 114 char = a;code = 97 char = n;code = 110 char = g;code = 103 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = o;code = 111 char = f;code = 102 char = ;code = 32 char = m;code = 109 char = e;code = 101 char = r;code = 114 char = c;code = 99 char = u;code = 117 char = r;code = 114 char = y;code = 121 char = ;code = 32 char = c;code = 99 char = o;code = 111 char = n;code = 110 char = c;code = 99 char = e;code = 101 char = n;code = 110 char = t;code = 116 char = r;code = 114 char = a;code = 97 char = t;code = 116 char = i;code = 105 char = o;code = 111 char = n;code = 110 char = s;code = 115 char = ;code = 32 char = i;code = 105 char = n;code = 110 char = ;code = 32 char = t;code = 116 char = h;code = 104 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = s;code = 115 char = e;code = 101 char = d;code = 100 char = i;code = 105 char = m;code = 109 char = e;code = 101 char = n;code = 110 char = t;code = 116 char = s;code = 115 char = ;code = 32 char = (;code = 40 char = f;code = 102 char = r;code = 114 char = o;code = 111 char = m;code = 109 char = ;code = 32 char = 0;code = 48 char = .;code = 46 char = 0;code = 48 char = 3;code = 51 char = ;code = 32 char = u;code = 117 char = p;code = 112 char = ;code = 32 char = t;code = 116 char = o;code = 111 char = ;code = 32 char = 2;code = 50 char = ;code = 32 char = m;code = 109 char = i;code = 105 char = c;code = 99 char = r;code = 114 char = o;code = 111 char = g;code = 103 char = ;code = 32 char = g;code = 103 char = (;code = 40 char = -;code = 45 char = 1;code = 49 char = );code = 41 char = );code = 41 char = ,;code = 44 char = ;code = 32 char = t;code = 116 char = h;code = 104 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = a;code = 97 char = c;code = 99 char = c;code = 99 char = u;code = 117 char = m;code = 109 char = u;code = 117 char = l;code = 108 char = a;code = 97 char = t;code = 116 char = i;code = 105 char = o;code = 111 char = n;code = 110 char = ;code = 32 char = o;code = 111 char = f;code = 102 char = ;code = 32 char = m;code = 109 char = e;code = 101 char = r;code = 114 char = c;code = 99 char = u;code = 117 char = r;code = 114 char = y;code = 121 char = ;code = 32 char = i;code = 105 char = n;code = 110 char = ;code = 32 char = r;code = 114 char = o;code = 111 char = o;code = 111 char = t;code = 116 char = s;code = 115 char = ;code = 32 char = i;code = 105 char = s;code = 115 char = ;code = 32 char = a;code = 97 char = l;code = 108 char = s;code = 115 char = o;code = 111 char = ;code = 32 char = l;code = 108 char = o;code = 111 char = w;code = 119 char = ;code = 32 char = r;code = 114 char = e;code = 101 char = a;code = 97 char = c;code = 99 char = h;code = 104 char = i;code = 105 char = n;code = 110 char = g;code = 103 char = ;code = 32 char = a;code = 97 char = ;code = 32 char = m;code = 109 char = a;code = 97 char = x;code = 120 char = i;code = 105 char = m;code = 109 char = u;code = 117 char = m;code = 109 char = ;code = 32 char = c;code = 99 char = o;code = 111 char = n;code = 110 char = c;code = 99 char = e;code = 101 char = n;code = 110 char = t;code = 116 char = r;code = 114 char = a;code = 97 char = t;code = 116 char = i;code = 105 char = o;code = 111 char = n;code = 110 char = ;code = 32 char = o;code = 111 char = f;code = 102 char = ;code = 32 char = 1;code = 49 char = .;code = 46 char = 3;code = 51 char = ;code = 32 char = m;code = 109 char = i;code = 105 char = c;code = 99 char = r;code = 114 char = o;code = 111 char = g;code = 103 char = ;code = 32 char = g;code = 103 char = (;code = 40 char = -;code = 45 char = 1;code = 49 char = );code = 41 char = ;;code = 59 char = ;code = 32 char = t;code = 116 char = h;code = 104 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = h;code = 104 char = i;code = 105 char = g;code = 103 char = h;code = 104 char = e;code = 101 char = s;code = 115 char = t;code = 116 char = ;code = 32 char = r;code = 114 char = a;code = 97 char = t;code = 116 char = e;code = 101 char = s;code = 115 char = ;code = 32 char = o;code = 111 char = f;code = 102 char = ;code = 32 char = m;code = 109 char = e;code = 101 char = r;code = 114 char = c;code = 99 char = u;code = 117 char = r;code = 114 char = y;code = 121 char = ;code = 32 char = a;code = 97 char = c;code = 99 char = c;code = 99 char = u;code = 117 char = m;code = 109 char = u;code = 117 char = l;code = 108 char = a;code = 97 char = t;code = 116 char = i;code = 105 char = o;code = 111 char = n;code = 110 char = ;code = 32 char = i;code = 105 char = n;code = 110 char = ;code = 32 char = t;code = 116 char = h;code = 104 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = r;code = 114 char = o;code = 111 char = o;code = 111 char = t;code = 116 char = s;code = 115 char = ;code = 32 char = o;code = 111 char = c;code = 99 char = c;code = 99 char = u;code = 117 char = r;code = 114 char = ;code = 32 char = i;code = 105 char = n;code = 110 char = ;code = 32 char = a;code = 97 char = ;code = 32 char = s;code = 115 char = e;code = 101 char = c;code = 99 char = o;code = 111 char = n;code = 110 char = d;code = 100 char = ;code = 32 char = s;code = 115 char = t;code = 116 char = e;code = 101 char = p;code = 112 char = ,;code = 44 char = ;code = 32 char = u;code = 117 char = n;code = 110 char = t;code = 116 char = i;code = 105 char = l;code = 108 char = ;code = 32 char = t;code = 116 char = h;code = 104 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = c;code = 99 char = o;code = 111 char = n;code = 110 char = c;code = 99 char = e;code = 101 char = n;code = 110 char = t;code = 116 char = r;code = 114 char = a;code = 97 char = t;code = 116 char = i;code = 105 char = o;code = 111 char = n;code = 110 char = s;code = 115 char = ;code = 32 char = o;code = 111 char = f;code = 102 char = ;code = 32 char = m;code = 109 char = e;code = 101 char = r;code = 114 char = c;code = 99 char = u;code = 117 char = r;code = 114 char = y;code = 121 char = ;code = 32 char = i;code = 105 char = n;code = 110 char = ;code = 32 char = t;code = 116 char = h;code = 104 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = s;code = 115 char = e;code = 101 char = d;code = 100 char = i;code = 105 char = m;code = 109 char = e;code = 101 char = n;code = 110 char = t;code = 116 char = s;code = 115 char = ;code = 32 char = r;code = 114 char = e;code = 101 char = a;code = 97 char = c;code = 99 char = h;code = 104 char = ;code = 32 char = a;code = 97 char = p;code = 112 char = p;code = 112 char = r;code = 114 char = o;code = 111 char = x;code = 120 char = i;code = 105 char = m;code = 109 char = a;code = 97 char = t;code = 116 char = e;code = 101 char = l;code = 108 char = y;code = 121 char = ;code = 32 char = 4;code = 52 char = .;code = 46 char = 5;code = 53 char = ;code = 32 char = m;code = 109 char = i;code = 105 char = c;code = 99 char = r;code = 114 char = o;code = 111 char = g;code = 103 char = ;code = 32 char = g;code = 103 char = (;code = 40 char = -;code = 45 char = 1;code = 49 char = );code = 41 char = ;;code = 59 char = ;code = 32 char = a;code = 97 char = f;code = 102 char = t;code = 116 char = e;code = 101 char = r;code = 114 char = ;code = 32 char = r;code = 114 char = e;code = 101 char = a;code = 97 char = c;code = 99 char = h;code = 104 char = i;code = 105 char = n;code = 110 char = g;code = 103 char = ;code = 32 char = t;code = 116 char = h;code = 104 char = i;code = 105 char = s;code = 115 char = ;code = 32 char = m;code = 109 char = a;code = 97 char = x;code = 120 char = i;code = 105 char = m;code = 109 char = u;code = 117 char = m;code = 109 char = ;code = 32 char = v;code = 118 char = a;code = 97 char = l;code = 108 char = u;code = 117 char = e;code = 101 char = ,;code = 44 char = ;code = 32 char = t;code = 116 char = h;code = 104 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = r;code = 114 char = a;code = 97 char = t;code = 116 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = o;code = 111 char = f;code = 102 char = ;code = 32 char = m;code = 109 char = e;code = 101 char = r;code = 114 char = c;code = 99 char = u;code = 117 char = r;code = 114 char = y;code = 121 char = ;code = 32 char = a;code = 97 char = c;code = 99 char = c;code = 99 char = u;code = 117 char = m;code = 109 char = u;code = 117 char = l;code = 108 char = a;code = 97 char = t;code = 116 char = i;code = 105 char = o;code = 111 char = n;code = 110 char = ;code = 32 char = i;code = 105 char = n;code = 110 char = ;code = 32 char = t;code = 116 char = h;code = 104 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = r;code = 114 char = o;code = 111 char = o;code = 111 char = t;code = 116 char = s;code = 115 char = ;code = 32 char = s;code = 115 char = l;code = 108 char = o;code = 111 char = w;code = 119 char = s;code = 115 char = ;code = 32 char = d;code = 100 char = o;code = 111 char = w;code = 119 char = n;code = 110 char = ;code = 32 char = l;code = 108 char = e;code = 101 char = a;code = 97 char = d;code = 100 char = i;code = 105 char = n;code = 110 char = g;code = 103 char = ;code = 32 char = t;code = 116 char = o;code = 111 char = ;code = 32 char = a;code = 97 char = ;code = 32 char = p;code = 112 char = l;code = 108 char = a;code = 97 char = t;code = 116 char = e;code = 101 char = a;code = 97 char = u;code = 117 char = ;code = 32 char = i;code = 105 char = n;code = 110 char = ;code = 32 char = t;code = 116 char = h;code = 104 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = c;code = 99 char = o;code = 111 char = n;code = 110 char = c;code = 99 char = e;code = 101 char = n;code = 110 char = t;code = 116 char = r;code = 114 char = a;code = 97 char = t;code = 116 char = i;code = 105 char = o;code = 111 char = n;code = 110 char = ;code = 32 char = o;code = 111 char = f;code = 102 char = ;code = 32 char = m;code = 109 char = e;code = 101 char = r;code = 114 char = c;code = 99 char = u;code = 117 char = r;code = 114 char = y;code = 121 char = ;code = 32 char = i;code = 105 char = n;code = 110 char = ;code = 32 char = t;code = 116 char = h;code = 104 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = r;code = 114 char = o;code = 111 char = o;code = 111 char = t;code = 116 char = s;code = 115 char = ;code = 32 char = o;code = 111 char = f;code = 102 char = ;code = 32 char = a;code = 97 char = b;code = 98 char = o;code = 111 char = u;code = 117 char = t;code = 116 char = ;code = 32 char = 9;code = 57 char = .;code = 46 char = 4;code = 52 char = ;code = 32 char = m;code = 109 char = i;code = 105 char = c;code = 99 char = r;code = 114 char = o;code = 111 char = g;code = 103 char = ;code = 32 char = g;code = 103 char = (;code = 40 char = -;code = 45 char = 1;code = 49 char = );code = 41 char = ,;code = 44 char = ;code = 32 char = w;code = 119 char = h;code = 104 char = i;code = 105 char = c;code = 99 char = h;code = 104 char = ;code = 32 char = c;code = 99 char = o;code = 111 char = r;code = 114 char = r;code = 114 char = e;code = 101 char = s;code = 115 char = p;code = 112 char = o;code = 111 char = n;code = 110 char = d;code = 100 char = s;code = 115 char = ;code = 32 char = t;code = 116 char = o;code = 111 char = ;code = 32 char = a;code = 97 char = ;code = 32 char = m;code = 109 char = e;code = 101 char = r;code = 114 char = c;code = 99 char = u;code = 117 char = r;code = 114 char = y;code = 121 char = ;code = 32 char = c;code = 99 char = o;code = 111 char = n;code = 110 char = c;code = 99 char = e;code = 101 char = n;code = 110 char = t;code = 116 char = r;code = 114 char = a;code = 97 char = t;code = 116 char = i;code = 105 char = o;code = 111 char = n;code = 110 char = ;code = 32 char = i;code = 105 char = n;code = 110 char = ;code = 32 char = t;code = 116 char = h;code = 104 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = s;code = 115 char = e;code = 101 char = d;code = 100 char = i;code = 105 char = m;code = 109 char = e;code = 101 char = n;code = 110 char = t;code = 116 char = s;code = 115 char = ;code = 32 char = o;code = 111 char = f;code = 102 char = ;code = 32 char = a;code = 97 char = b;code = 98 char = o;code = 111 char = u;code = 117 char = t;code = 116 char = ;code = 32 char = 1;code = 49 char = 1;code = 49 char = ;code = 32 char = m;code = 109 char = i;code = 105 char = c;code = 99 char = r;code = 114 char = o;code = 111 char = g;code = 103 char = ;code = 32 char = g;code = 103 char = (;code = 40 char = -;code = 45 char = 1;code = 49 char = );code = 41 char = .;code = 46 char = ;code = 32 char = A;code = 65 char = ;code = 32 char = l;code = 108 char = i;code = 105 char = n;code = 110 char = e;code = 101 char = a;code = 97 char = r;code = 114 char = ;code = 32 char = m;code = 109 char = o;code = 111 char = d;code = 100 char = e;code = 101 char = l;code = 108 char = ;code = 32 char = e;code = 101 char = x;code = 120 char = p;code = 112 char = l;code = 108 char = a;code = 97 char = i;code = 105 char = n;code = 110 char = e;code = 101 char = d;code = 100 char = ;code = 32 char = a;code = 97 char = l;code = 108 char = s;code = 115 char = o;code = 111 char = ;code = 32 char = t;code = 116 char = h;code = 104 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = a;code = 97 char = c;code = 99 char = c;code = 99 char = u;code = 117 char = m;code = 109 char = u;code = 117 char = l;code = 108 char = a;code = 97 char = t;code = 116 char = i;code = 105 char = o;code = 111 char = n;code = 110 char = ;code = 32 char = o;code = 111 char = f;code = 102 char = ;code = 32 char = m;code = 109 char = e;code = 101 char = r;code = 114 char = c;code = 99 char = u;code = 117 char = r;code = 114 char = y;code = 121 char = ;code = 32 char = i;code = 105 char = n;code = 110 char = ;code = 32 char = l;code = 108 char = e;code = 101 char = a;code = 97 char = v;code = 118 char = e;code = 101 char = s;code = 115 char = ;code = 32 char = v;code = 118 char = e;code = 101 char = r;code = 114 char = s;code = 115 char = u;code = 117 char = s;code = 115 char = ;code = 32 char = t;code = 116 char = h;code = 104 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = m;code = 109 char = e;code = 101 char = r;code = 114 char = c;code = 99 char = u;code = 117 char = r;code = 114 char = y;code = 121 char = ;code = 32 char = c;code = 99 char = o;code = 111 char = n;code = 110 char = c;code = 99 char = e;code = 101 char = n;code = 110 char = t;code = 116 char = r;code = 114 char = a;code = 97 char = t;code = 116 char = i;code = 105 char = o;code = 111 char = n;code = 110 char = ;code = 32 char = i;code = 105 char = n;code = 110 char = ;code = 32 char = t;code = 116 char = h;code = 104 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = s;code = 115 char = e;code = 101 char = d;code = 100 char = i;code = 105 char = m;code = 109 char = e;code = 101 char = n;code = 110 char = t;code = 116 char = s;code = 115 char = ;code = 32 char = (;code = 40 char = R;code = 82 char = (;code = 40 char = a;code = 97 char = d;code = 100 char = j;code = 106 char = );code = 41 char = (;code = 40 char = 2;code = 50 char = );code = 41 char = =;code = 61 char = 0;code = 48 char = .;code = 46 char = 8;code = 56 char = 8;code = 56 char = );code = 41 char = .;code = 46 char = ;code = 32 char = <;code = 60 char = b;code = 98 char = r;code = 114 char = /;code = 47 char = >;code = 62 char = <;code = 60 char = b;code = 98 char = r;code = 114 char = /;code = 47 char = >;code = 62 char = <;code = 60 char = b;code = 98 char = >;code = 62 char = D;code = 68 char = I;code = 73 char = F;code = 70 char = F;code = 70 char = E;code = 69 char = R;code = 82 char = E;code = 69 char = N;code = 78 char = C;code = 67 char = E;code = 69 char = S;code = 83 char = ;code = 32 char = I;code = 73 char = N;code = 78 char = ;code = 32 char = R;code = 82 char = E;code = 69 char = S;code = 83 char = P;code = 80 char = O;code = 79 char = N;code = 78 char = S;code = 83 char = E;code = 69 char = S;code = 83 char = ;code = 32 char = O;code = 79 char = F;code = 70 char = ;code = 32 char = R;code = 82 char = O;code = 79 char = O;code = 79 char = T;code = 84 char = S;code = 83 char = ;code = 32 char = A;code = 65 char = N;code = 78 char = D;code = 68 char = ;code = 32 char = L;code = 76 char = E;code = 69 char = A;code = 65 char = V;code = 86 char = E;code = 69 char = S;code = 83 char = ;code = 32 char = A;code = 65 char = R;code = 82 char = E;code = 69 char = ;code = 32 char = E;code = 69 char = X;code = 88 char = P;code = 80 char = L;code = 76 char = A;code = 65 char = I;code = 73 char = N;code = 78 char = E;code = 69 char = D;code = 68 char = ;code = 32 char = B;code = 66 char = Y;code = 89 char = ;code = 32 char = T;code = 84 char = H;code = 72 char = E;code = 69 char = ;code = 32 char = D;code = 68 char = Y;code = 89 char = N;code = 78 char = A;code = 65 char = M;code = 77 char = I;code = 73 char = C;code = 67 char = S;code = 83 char = ;code = 32 char = O;code = 79 char = F;code = 70 char = ;code = 32 char = T;code = 84 char = H;code = 72 char = E;code = 69 char = ;code = 32 char = P;code = 80 char = L;code = 76 char = A;code = 65 char = N;code = 78 char = T;code = 84 char = ;code = 32 char = O;code = 79 char = R;code = 82 char = G;code = 71 char = A;code = 65 char = N;code = 78 char = S;code = 83 char = :;code = 58 char = ;code = 32 char = <;code = 60 char = /;code = 47 char = b;code = 98 char = >;code = 62 char = ;code = 32 char = o;code = 111 char = l;code = 108 char = d;code = 100 char = ;code = 32 char = r;code = 114 char = o;code = 111 char = o;code = 111 char = t;code = 116 char = s;code = 115 char = ;code = 32 char = a;code = 97 char = r;code = 114 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = m;code = 109 char = i;code = 105 char = n;code = 110 char = e;code = 101 char = r;code = 114 char = a;code = 97 char = l;code = 108 char = i;code = 105 char = s;code = 115 char = e;code = 101 char = d;code = 100 char = ;code = 32 char = i;code = 105 char = n;code = 110 char = ;code = 32 char = s;code = 115 char = i;code = 105 char = t;code = 116 char = u;code = 117 char = ;code = 32 char = c;code = 99 char = l;code = 108 char = o;code = 111 char = s;code = 115 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = t;code = 116 char = o;code = 111 char = ;code = 32 char = n;code = 110 char = e;code = 101 char = w;code = 119 char = ;code = 32 char = r;code = 114 char = o;code = 111 char = o;code = 111 char = t;code = 116 char = s;code = 115 char = ,;code = 44 char = ;code = 32 char = w;code = 119 char = h;code = 104 char = i;code = 105 char = l;code = 108 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = l;code = 108 char = e;code = 101 char = a;code = 97 char = v;code = 118 char = e;code = 101 char = s;code = 115 char = ;code = 32 char = a;code = 97 char = r;code = 114 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = r;code = 114 char = e;code = 101 char = n;code = 110 char = e;code = 101 char = w;code = 119 char = e;code = 101 char = d;code = 100 char = .;code = 46 char = ;code = 32 char = P;code = 80 char = r;code = 114 char = e;code = 101 char = v;code = 118 char = i;code = 105 char = o;code = 111 char = u;code = 117 char = s;code = 115 char = ;code = 32 char = s;code = 115 char = t;code = 116 char = u;code = 117 char = d;code = 100 char = i;code = 105 char = e;code = 101 char = s;code = 115 char = ;code = 32 char = h;code = 104 char = a;code = 97 char = v;code = 118 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = a;code = 97 char = l;code = 108 char = r;code = 114 char = e;code = 101 char = a;code = 97 char = d;code = 100 char = y;code = 121 char = ;code = 32 char = s;code = 115 char = h;code = 104 char = o;code = 111 char = w;code = 119 char = n;code = 110 char = ;code = 32 char = t;code = 116 char = h;code = 104 char = a;code = 97 char = t;code = 116 char = ;code = 32 char = H;code = 72 char = .;code = 46 char = ;code = 32 char = p;code = 112 char = o;code = 111 char = r;code = 114 char = t;code = 116 char = u;code = 117 char = l;code = 108 char = a;code = 97 char = c;code = 99 char = o;code = 111 char = i;code = 105 char = d;code = 100 char = e;code = 101 char = s;code = 115 char = ;code = 32 char = i;code = 105 char = s;code = 115 char = ;code = 32 char = a;code = 97 char = ;code = 32 char = b;code = 98 char = i;code = 105 char = o;code = 111 char = i;code = 105 char = n;code = 110 char = d;code = 100 char = i;code = 105 char = c;code = 99 char = a;code = 97 char = t;code = 116 char = o;code = 111 char = r;code = 114 char = ;code = 32 char = f;code = 102 char = o;code = 111 char = r;code = 114 char = ;code = 32 char = m;code = 109 char = e;code = 101 char = r;code = 114 char = c;code = 99 char = u;code = 117 char = r;code = 114 char = y;code = 121 char = ;code = 32 char = a;code = 97 char = n;code = 110 char = d;code = 100 char = ;code = 32 char = t;code = 116 char = h;code = 104 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = r;code = 114 char = e;code = 101 char = s;code = 115 char = u;code = 117 char = l;code = 108 char = t;code = 116 char = s;code = 115 char = ;code = 32 char = f;code = 102 char = r;code = 114 char = o;code = 111 char = m;code = 109 char = ;code = 32 char = t;code = 116 char = h;code = 104 char = i;code = 105 char = s;code = 115 char = ;code = 32 char = w;code = 119 char = o;code = 111 char = r;code = 114 char = k;code = 107 char = ;code = 32 char = s;code = 115 char = u;code = 117 char = s;code = 115 char = t;code = 116 char = a;code = 97 char = i;code = 105 char = n;code = 110 char = ;code = 32 char = t;code = 116 char = h;code = 104 char = a;code = 97 char = t;code = 116 char = ;code = 32 char = H;code = 72 char = .;code = 46 char = ;code = 32 char = p;code = 112 char = o;code = 111 char = r;code = 114 char = t;code = 116 char = u;code = 117 char = l;code = 108 char = a;code = 97 char = c;code = 99 char = o;code = 111 char = i;code = 105 char = d;code = 100 char = e;code = 101 char = s;code = 115 char = ;code = 32 char = m;code = 109 char = a;code = 97 char = y;code = 121 char = ;code = 32 char = a;code = 97 char = l;code = 108 char = s;code = 115 char = o;code = 111 char = ;code = 32 char = b;code = 98 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = u;code = 117 char = s;code = 115 char = e;code = 101 char = d;code = 100 char = ;code = 32 char = a;code = 97 char = s;code = 115 char = ;code = 32 char = a;code = 97 char = ;code = 32 char = b;code = 98 char = i;code = 105 char = o;code = 111 char = m;code = 109 char = o;code = 111 char = n;code = 110 char = i;code = 105 char = t;code = 116 char = o;code = 111 char = r;code = 114 char = ;code = 32 char = f;code = 102 char = o;code = 111 char = r;code = 114 char = ;code = 32 char = m;code = 109 char = e;code = 101 char = r;code = 114 char = c;code = 99 char = u;code = 117 char = r;code = 114 char = y;code = 121 char = ;code = 32 char = c;code = 99 char = o;code = 111 char = n;code = 110 char = t;code = 116 char = a;code = 97 char = m;code = 109 char = i;code = 105 char = n;code = 110 char = a;code = 97 char = t;code = 116 char = i;code = 105 char = o;code = 111 char = n;code = 110 char = ;code = 32 char = i;code = 105 char = n;code = 110 char = ;code = 32 char = s;code = 115 char = a;code = 97 char = l;code = 108 char = t;code = 116 char = ;code = 32 char = m;code = 109 char = a;code = 97 char = r;code = 114 char = s;code = 115 char = h;code = 104 char = e;code = 101 char = s;code = 115 char = .;code = 46 char = ;code = 32 char = N;code = 78 char = e;code = 101 char = v;code = 118 char = e;code = 101 char = r;code = 114 char = t;code = 116 char = h;code = 104 char = e;code = 101 char = l;code = 108 char = e;code = 101 char = s;code = 115 char = s;code = 115 char = ,;code = 44 char = ;code = 32 char = c;code = 99 char = a;code = 97 char = u;code = 117 char = t;code = 116 char = i;code = 105 char = o;code = 111 char = n;code = 110 char = ;code = 32 char = s;code = 115 char = h;code = 104 char = o;code = 111 char = u;code = 117 char = l;code = 108 char = d;code = 100 char = ;code = 32 char = b;code = 98 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = t;code = 116 char = a;code = 97 char = k;code = 107 char = e;code = 101 char = n;code = 110 char = ;code = 32 char = i;code = 105 char = n;code = 110 char = ;code = 32 char = t;code = 116 char = h;code = 104 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = a;code = 97 char = p;code = 112 char = p;code = 112 char = l;code = 108 char = i;code = 105 char = c;code = 99 char = a;code = 97 char = t;code = 116 char = i;code = 105 char = o;code = 111 char = n;code = 110 char = ;code = 32 char = o;code = 111 char = f;code = 102 char = ;code = 32 char = t;code = 116 char = h;code = 104 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = m;code = 109 char = o;code = 111 char = d;code = 100 char = e;code = 101 char = l;code = 108 char = s;code = 115 char = ,;code = 44 char = ;code = 32 char = c;code = 99 char = o;code = 111 char = n;code = 110 char = c;code = 99 char = e;code = 101 char = r;code = 114 char = n;code = 110 char = i;code = 105 char = n;code = 110 char = g;code = 103 char = ;code = 32 char = t;code = 116 char = h;code = 104 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = l;code = 108 char = i;code = 105 char = f;code = 102 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = c;code = 99 char = y;code = 121 char = c;code = 99 char = l;code = 108 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = o;code = 111 char = f;code = 102 char = ;code = 32 char = t;code = 116 char = h;code = 104 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = s;code = 115 char = p;code = 112 char = e;code = 101 char = c;code = 99 char = i;code = 105 char = e;code = 101 char = s;code = 115 char = ;code = 32 char = a;code = 97 char = n;code = 110 char = d;code = 100 char = ;code = 32 char = t;code = 116 char = h;code = 104 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = s;code = 115 char = p;code = 112 char = a;code = 97 char = t;code = 116 char = i;code = 105 char = a;code = 97 char = l;code = 108 char = ;code = 32 char = v;code = 118 char = a;code = 97 char = r;code = 114 char = i;code = 105 char = a;code = 97 char = b;code = 98 char = i;code = 105 char = l;code = 108 char = i;code = 105 char = t;code = 116 char = y;code = 121 char = ;code = 32 char = o;code = 111 char = f;code = 102 char = ;code = 32 char = t;code = 116 char = h;code = 104 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = s;code = 115 char = y;code = 121 char = s;code = 115 char = t;code = 116 char = e;code = 101 char = m;code = 109 char = s;code = 115 char = .;code = 46 char = <;code = 60 char = b;code = 98 char = r;code = 114 char = /;code = 47 char = >;code = 62 result sql = Mercury concentrations were quantified in Halimione portulacoides (roots, stems and leaves) as well as in sediments from eight Portuguese estuarine systems, covering seventeen salt marshes with distinct degrees of mercury contamination. The concentration of mercury in the sediments ranged from 0.03 to 17.0 microg g(-1). The results show that the accumulation of mercury differed according to the organ of the plant examined and the concentration of mercury in the sediments. Higher mercury concentrations were found in the roots (up to 12.9 microg g(-1)) followed by the leaves (up to 0.12 microg g(-1)), while the stems had the lowest concentrations (up to 0.056 microg g(-1)). A linear model explained the relation between the concentrations of mercury in the different plant organs: roots and stems (R(adj)(2)=0.75), stems and leaves (R(adj)(2)=0.85) and roots and leaves (R(adj)(2)=0.78). However, the results show that the variation of mercury concentration in the roots versus mercury concentration in the sediments was best fitted by a sigmoidal model (R(adj)(2)=0.89). MERCURY ACCUMULATION IN THE ROOTS CAN BE DESCRIBED IN THREE STEPS: at a low range of mercury concentrations in the sediments (from 0.03 up to 2 microg g(-1)), the accumulation of mercury in roots is also low reaching a maximum concentration of 1.3 microg g(-1); the highest rates of mercury accumulation in the roots occur in a second step, until the concentrations of mercury in the sediments reach approximately 4.5 microg g(-1); after reaching this maximum value, the rate of mercury accumulation in the roots slows down leading to a plateau in the concentration of mercury in the roots of about 9.4 microg g(-1), which corresponds to a mercury concentration in the sediments of about 11 microg g(-1). A linear model explained also the accumulation of mercury in leaves versus the mercury concentration in the sediments (R(adj)(2)=0.88). DIFFERENCES IN RESPONSES OF ROOTS AND LEAVES ARE EXPLAINED BY THE DYNAMICS OF THE PLANT ORGANS: old roots are mineralised in situ close to new roots, while leaves are renewed. Previous studies have already shown that H. portulacoides is a bioindicator for mercury and the results from this work sustain that H. portulacoides may also be used as a biomonitor for mercury contamination in salt marshes. Nevertheless, caution should be taken in the application of the models, concerning the life cycle of the species and the spatial variability of the systems.
Publication: Chemosphere 2008 Nov ;73(8)::1224-9. :doi: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2008.07.053.
Publication Date: 2008 Nov
Study Author(s): Válega, M;Lillebø, A I;Pereira, M E;Caçador, I;Duarte, A C;Pardal, M A;
Institution: CESAM and Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal.
[email protected]
Shortcut link to this study:
Mercury concentrations were quantified in Halimione portulacoides (roots, stems and leaves) as well as in sediments from eight Portuguese estuarine systems, covering seventeen salt marshes with distinct degrees of mercury contamination. The concentration of mercury in the sediments ranged from 0.03 to 17.0 microg g(-1). The results show that the accumulation of mercury differed according to the organ of the plant examined and the concentration of mercury in the sediments. Higher mercury concentrations were found in the roots (up to 12.9 microg g(-1)) followed by the leaves (up to 0.12 microg g(-1)), while the stems had the lowest concentrations (up to 0.056 microg g(-1)). A linear model explained the relation between the concentrations of mercury in the different plant organs: roots and stems (R(adj)(2)=0.75), stems and leaves (R(adj)(2)=0.85) and roots and leaves (R(adj)(2)=0.78). However, the results show that the variation of mercury concentration in the roots versus mercury concentration in the sediments was best fitted by a sigmoidal model (R(adj)(2)=0.89). MERCURY ACCUMULATION IN THE ROOTS CAN BE DESCRIBED IN THREE STEPS: at a low range of mercury concentrations in the sediments (from 0.03 up to 2 microg g(-1)), the accumulation of mercury in roots is also low reaching a maximum concentration of 1.3 microg g(-1); the highest rates of mercury accumulation in the roots occur in a second step, until the concentrations of mercury in the sediments reach approximately 4.5 microg g(-1); after reaching this maximum value, the rate of mercury accumulation in the roots slows down leading to a plateau in the concentration of mercury in the roots of about 9.4 microg g(-1), which corresponds to a mercury concentration in the sediments of about 11 microg g(-1). A linear model explained also the accumulation of mercury in leaves versus the mercury concentration in the sediments (R(adj)(2)=0.88). DIFFERENCES IN RESPONSES OF ROOTS AND LEAVES ARE EXPLAINED BY THE DYNAMICS OF THE PLANT ORGANS: old roots are mineralised in situ close to new roots, while leaves are renewed. Previous studies have already shown that H. portulacoides is a bioindicator for mercury and the results from this work sustain that H. portulacoides may also be used as a biomonitor for mercury contamination in salt marshes. Nevertheless, caution should be taken in the application of the models, concerning the life cycle of the species and the spatial variability of the systems.
PMID: 18799184