char = A;code = 65
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char = i;code = 105
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char = e;code = 101
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char = m;code = 109
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char = o;code = 111
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char = a;code = 97
char = t;code = 116
char = ;code = 32
char = l;code = 108
char = y;code = 121
char = s;code = 115
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = 2;code = 50
char = 4;code = 52
char = 1;code = 49
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char = a;code = 97
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char = t;code = 116
char = e;code = 101
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char = s;code = 115
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char = e;code = 101
char = x;code = 120
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char = s;code = 115
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char = o;code = 111
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = n;code = 110
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = r;code = 114
char = a;code = 97
char = f;code = 102
char = f;code = 102
char = i;code = 105
char = c;code = 99
char = k;code = 107
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char = o;code = 111
char = f;code = 102
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = e;code = 101
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char = D;code = 68
char = 2;code = 50
char = ;code = 32
char = d;code = 100
char = o;code = 111
char = p;code = 112
char = a;code = 97
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char = n;code = 110
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char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = c;code = 99
char = e;code = 101
char = p;code = 112
char = t;code = 116
char = o;code = 111
char = r;code = 114
char = .;code = 46
result sql = A single mutation at lysine 241 alters expression and trafficking of the D2 dopamine receptor.
A single mutation at lysine 241 alters expression and trafficking of the D2 dopamine receptor.
char = U;code = 85
char = b;code = 98
char = i;code = 105
char = q;code = 113
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char = i;code = 105
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char = i;code = 105
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char = a;code = 97
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char = i;code = 105
char = o;code = 111
char = n;code = 110
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char = o;code = 111
char = f;code = 102
char = ;code = 32
char = G;code = 71
char = ;code = 32
char = p;code = 112
char = r;code = 114
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char = c;code = 99
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char = h;code = 104
char = a;code = 97
char = s;code = 115
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char = b;code = 98
char = e;code = 101
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char = e;code = 101
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char = l;code = 108
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char = c;code = 99
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char = o;code = 111
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char = ;code = 32
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = c;code = 99
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char = d;code = 100
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char = n;code = 110
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char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = g;code = 103
char = o;code = 111
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char = s;code = 115
char = t;code = 116
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char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
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char = n;code = 110
char = t;code = 116
char = e;code = 101
char = r;code = 114
char = n;code = 110
char = a;code = 97
char = l;code = 108
char = i;code = 105
char = z;code = 122
char = a;code = 97
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = o;code = 111
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = n;code = 110
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = s;code = 115
char = o;code = 111
char = r;code = 114
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = g;code = 103
char = ;code = 32
char = o;code = 111
char = f;code = 102
char = ;code = 32
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = t;code = 116
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char = n;code = 110
char = a;code = 97
char = l;code = 108
char = i;code = 105
char = z;code = 122
char = e;code = 101
char = d;code = 100
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char = r;code = 114
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char = c;code = 99
char = e;code = 101
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char = o;code = 111
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char = ;code = 32
char = f;code = 102
char = o;code = 111
char = r;code = 114
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char = d;code = 100
char = e;code = 101
char = g;code = 103
char = r;code = 114
char = a;code = 97
char = d;code = 100
char = a;code = 97
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char = i;code = 105
char = o;code = 111
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
char = o;code = 111
char = r;code = 114
char = ;code = 32
char = f;code = 102
char = o;code = 111
char = r;code = 114
char = ;code = 32
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = c;code = 99
char = y;code = 121
char = c;code = 99
char = l;code = 108
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char = n;code = 110
char = g;code = 103
char = .;code = 46
char = ;code = 32
char = U;code = 85
char = s;code = 115
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = g;code = 103
char = ;code = 32
char = c;code = 99
char = o;code = 111
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char = i;code = 105
char = m;code = 109
char = m;code = 109
char = u;code = 117
char = n;code = 110
char = o;code = 111
char = p;code = 112
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = c;code = 99
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char = p;code = 112
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char = t;code = 116
char = a;code = 97
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = o;code = 111
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char = a;code = 97
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char = d;code = 100
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char = i;code = 105
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char = m;code = 109
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char = o;code = 111
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char = l;code = 108
char = o;code = 111
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char = a;code = 97
char = n;code = 110
char = a;code = 97
char = l;code = 108
char = y;code = 121
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char = i;code = 105
char = s;code = 115
char = ,;code = 44
char = ;code = 32
char = I;code = 73
char = ;code = 32
char = f;code = 102
char = o;code = 111
char = u;code = 117
char = n;code = 110
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = a;code = 97
char = t;code = 116
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = m;code = 109
char = e;code = 101
char = m;code = 109
char = b;code = 98
char = r;code = 114
char = a;code = 97
char = n;code = 110
char = e;code = 101
char = -;code = 45
char = a;code = 97
char = s;code = 115
char = s;code = 115
char = o;code = 111
char = c;code = 99
char = i;code = 105
char = a;code = 97
char = t;code = 116
char = e;code = 101
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = D;code = 68
char = (;code = 40
char = 2;code = 50
char = );code = 41
char = ;code = 32
char = d;code = 100
char = o;code = 111
char = p;code = 112
char = a;code = 97
char = m;code = 109
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = c;code = 99
char = e;code = 101
char = p;code = 112
char = t;code = 116
char = o;code = 111
char = r;code = 114
char = ;code = 32
char = (;code = 40
char = D;code = 68
char = A;code = 65
char = R;code = 82
char = );code = 41
char = ;code = 32
char = i;code = 105
char = s;code = 115
char = ;code = 32
char = m;code = 109
char = o;code = 111
char = n;code = 110
char = o;code = 111
char = -;code = 45
char = u;code = 117
char = b;code = 98
char = i;code = 105
char = q;code = 113
char = u;code = 117
char = i;code = 105
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = a;code = 97
char = t;code = 116
char = e;code = 101
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = e;code = 101
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char = a;code = 97
char = b;code = 98
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char = e;code = 101
char = n;code = 110
char = c;code = 99
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = o;code = 111
char = f;code = 102
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = g;code = 103
char = o;code = 111
char = n;code = 110
char = i;code = 105
char = s;code = 115
char = t;code = 116
char = ;code = 32
char = f;code = 102
char = o;code = 111
char = l;code = 108
char = l;code = 108
char = o;code = 111
char = w;code = 119
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = g;code = 103
char = ;code = 32
char = h;code = 104
char = e;code = 101
char = t;code = 116
char = e;code = 101
char = r;code = 114
char = o;code = 111
char = l;code = 108
char = o;code = 111
char = g;code = 103
char = o;code = 111
char = u;code = 117
char = s;code = 115
char = ;code = 32
char = e;code = 101
char = x;code = 120
char = p;code = 112
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = s;code = 115
char = s;code = 115
char = i;code = 105
char = o;code = 111
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
char = h;code = 104
char = u;code = 117
char = m;code = 109
char = a;code = 97
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
char = e;code = 101
char = m;code = 109
char = b;code = 98
char = r;code = 114
char = y;code = 121
char = o;code = 111
char = n;code = 110
char = i;code = 105
char = c;code = 99
char = ;code = 32
char = k;code = 107
char = i;code = 105
char = d;code = 100
char = n;code = 110
char = e;code = 101
char = y;code = 121
char = ;code = 32
char = c;code = 99
char = e;code = 101
char = l;code = 108
char = l;code = 108
char = s;code = 115
char = ;code = 32
char = (;code = 40
char = H;code = 72
char = E;code = 69
char = K;code = 75
char = 2;code = 50
char = 9;code = 57
char = 3;code = 51
char = );code = 41
char = .;code = 46
char = ;code = 32
char = B;code = 66
char = y;code = 121
char = ;code = 32
char = u;code = 117
char = s;code = 115
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = g;code = 103
char = ;code = 32
char = s;code = 115
char = i;code = 105
char = t;code = 116
char = e;code = 101
char = -;code = 45
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char = i;code = 105
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char = e;code = 101
char = c;code = 99
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char = e;code = 101
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = m;code = 109
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char = t;code = 116
char = a;code = 97
char = g;code = 103
char = e;code = 101
char = n;code = 110
char = e;code = 101
char = s;code = 115
char = i;code = 105
char = s;code = 115
char = ,;code = 44
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = i;code = 105
char = s;code = 115
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char = e;code = 101
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char = ;code = 32
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char = h;code = 104
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char = ;code = 32
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char = a;code = 97
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char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = e;code = 101
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char = s;code = 115
char = ;code = 32
char = o;code = 111
char = f;code = 102
char = ;code = 32
char = l;code = 108
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char = s;code = 115
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char = n;code = 110
char = e;code = 101
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char = 2;code = 50
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char = 1;code = 49
char = ,;code = 44
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char = K;code = 75
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char = 1;code = 49
char = A;code = 65
char = ;code = 32
char = D;code = 68
char = (;code = 40
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char = ;code = 32
char = D;code = 68
char = A;code = 65
char = R;code = 82
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char = e;code = 101
char = d;code = 100
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char = t;code = 116
char = ;code = 32
char = o;code = 111
char = f;code = 102
char = ;code = 32
char = m;code = 109
char = e;code = 101
char = m;code = 109
char = b;code = 98
char = r;code = 114
char = a;code = 97
char = n;code = 110
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char = s;code = 115
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char = c;code = 99
char = i;code = 105
char = a;code = 97
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char = e;code = 101
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char = ;code = 32
char = D;code = 68
char = A;code = 65
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char = .;code = 46
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char = I;code = 73
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char = i;code = 105
char = s;code = 115
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char = f;code = 102
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char = t;code = 116
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char = e;code = 101
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char = K;code = 75
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char = 4;code = 52
char = 1;code = 49
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char = a;code = 97
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char = o;code = 111
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char = d;code = 100
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char = a;code = 97
char = ;code = 32
char = d;code = 100
char = i;code = 105
char = s;code = 115
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char = n;code = 110
char = c;code = 99
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char = l;code = 108
char = y;code = 121
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char = d;code = 100
char = i;code = 105
char = f;code = 102
char = f;code = 102
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char = n;code = 110
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char = i;code = 105
char = o;code = 111
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char = t;code = 116
char = e;code = 101
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char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = a;code = 97
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char = t;code = 116
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char = e;code = 101
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char = w;code = 119
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char = l;code = 108
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char = y;code = 121
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char = (;code = 40
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char = ;code = 32
char = D;code = 68
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char = .;code = 46
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char = I;code = 73
char = t;code = 116
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char = i;code = 105
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char = e;code = 101
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char = ;code = 32
char = D;code = 68
char = (;code = 40
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char = A;code = 65
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char = w;code = 119
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result sql = Ubiquitination of G protein-coupled receptors has been identified to regulate receptor signal transduction including agonist-induced internalization and sorting of internalized receptor for degradation or for recycling. Using co-immunoprecipitation and immunoblot analysis, I found that the membrane-associated D(2) dopamine receptor (DAR) is mono-ubiquitinated in the absence of an agonist following heterologous expression in human embryonic kidney cells (HEK293). By using site-directed mutagenesis, this report shows that the loss of lysine-241, K241A D(2) DAR reduced the amount of membrane-associated D(2) DAR. It is of interest that the K241A D(2) DAR also had a distinctly different ubiquitination pattern than the wild-type D(2) DAR. It is important to note that the ubiquitinated mutant D(2) DAR was degraded through ubiquitin-proteasome pathway. These data provide the factual evidence that a loss of lysine-241 of the D(2) DAR affects receptor ubiquitination and renders the protein susceptible to the proteasomal degradation.

Publication: J. Recept. Signal Transduct. Res. 2008 ;28(5)::453-64. :doi: 10.1080/10799890802379410.
Publication Date: 2008
Study Author(s): Kim, Ok-Jin;
Institution: Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas 66045-7582, USA. [email protected]
Shortcut link to this study:
Ubiquitination of G protein-coupled receptors has been identified to regulate receptor signal transduction including agonist-induced internalization and sorting of internalized receptor for degradation or for recycling. Using co-immunoprecipitation and immunoblot analysis, I found that the membrane-associated D(2) dopamine receptor (DAR) is mono-ubiquitinated in the absence of an agonist following heterologous expression in human embryonic kidney cells (HEK293). By using site-directed mutagenesis, this report shows that the loss of lysine-241, K241A D(2) DAR reduced the amount of membrane-associated D(2) DAR. It is of interest that the K241A D(2) DAR also had a distinctly different ubiquitination pattern than the wild-type D(2) DAR. It is important to note that the ubiquitinated mutant D(2) DAR was degraded through ubiquitin-proteasome pathway. These data provide the factual evidence that a loss of lysine-241 of the D(2) DAR affects receptor ubiquitination and renders the protein susceptible to the proteasomal degradation.
PMID: 18946766

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