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result sql = Hyaluronic acid synthase-1 expression regulates bladder cancer growth, invasion, and angiogenesis through CD44.

Hyaluronic acid synthase-1 expression regulates bladder cancer growth, invasion, and angiogenesis through CD44.

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char = o;code = 111
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char = c;code = 99
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char = c;code = 99
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char = d;code = 100
char = e;code = 101
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char = k;code = 107
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char = 1;code = 49
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char = v;code = 118
char = e;code = 101
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char = T;code = 84
char = h;code = 104
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char = e;code = 101
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char = t;code = 116
char = r;code = 114
char = a;code = 97
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char = s;code = 115
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char = c;code = 99
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char = t;code = 116
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char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
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char = a;code = 97
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char = t;code = 116
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char = 1;code = 49
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char = p;code = 112
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char = t;code = 116
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char = F;code = 70
char = a;code = 97
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char = a;code = 97
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char = d;code = 100
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char = e;code = 101
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char = n;code = 110
char = s;code = 115
char = i;code = 105
char = c;code = 99
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char = w;code = 119
char = a;code = 97
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char = H;code = 72
char = A;code = 65
char = S;code = 83
char = 1;code = 49
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char = A;code = 65
char = S;code = 83
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char = t;code = 116
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char = a;code = 97
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char = s;code = 115
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char = e;code = 101
char = c;code = 99
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char = a;code = 97
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char = t;code = 116
char = s;code = 115
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char = s;code = 115
char = h;code = 104
char = o;code = 111
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char = a;code = 97
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char = a;code = 97
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char = p;code = 112
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char = a;code = 97
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char = 4;code = 52
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char = E;code = 69
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char = B;code = 66
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char = 4;code = 52
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char = 4;code = 52
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char = a;code = 97
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char = A;code = 65
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char = 4;code = 52
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char = a;code = 97
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char = e;code = 101
char = s;code = 115
char = ;code = 32
char = b;code = 98
char = l;code = 108
char = a;code = 97
char = d;code = 100
char = d;code = 100
char = e;code = 101
char = r;code = 114
char = ;code = 32
char = c;code = 99
char = a;code = 97
char = n;code = 110
char = c;code = 99
char = e;code = 101
char = r;code = 114
char = ;code = 32
char = g;code = 103
char = r;code = 114
char = o;code = 111
char = w;code = 119
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = n;code = 110
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = p;code = 112
char = r;code = 114
char = o;code = 111
char = g;code = 103
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = s;code = 115
char = s;code = 115
char = i;code = 105
char = o;code = 111
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
char = b;code = 98
char = y;code = 121
char = ;code = 32
char = m;code = 109
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char = d;code = 100
char = u;code = 117
char = l;code = 108
char = a;code = 97
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = g;code = 103
char = ;code = 32
char = H;code = 72
char = A;code = 65
char = ;code = 32
char = s;code = 115
char = y;code = 121
char = n;code = 110
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = e;code = 101
char = s;code = 115
char = i;code = 105
char = s;code = 115
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = n;code = 110
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = H;code = 72
char = A;code = 65
char = ;code = 32
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = c;code = 99
char = e;code = 101
char = p;code = 112
char = t;code = 116
char = o;code = 111
char = r;code = 114
char = ;code = 32
char = l;code = 108
char = e;code = 101
char = v;code = 118
char = e;code = 101
char = l;code = 108
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char = .;code = 46
char = <;code = 60
char = b;code = 98
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char = /;code = 47
char = >;code = 62
result sql = Hyaluronic acid (HA) promotes tumor metastasis and is an accurate diagnostic marker for bladder cancer. HA is synthesized by HA synthases HAS1, HAS2, or HAS3. We have previously shown that HAS1 expression in tumor tissues is a predictor of bladder cancer recurrence and treatment failure. In this study, we stably transfected HT1376 bladder cancer cells with HAS1-sense (HAS1-S), HAS1-antisense (HAS1-AS), or vector cDNA constructs. Whereas HAS1-S transfectants produced approximately 1.7-fold more HA than vector transfectants, HA production was reduced by approximately 70% in HAS1-AS transfectants. HAS1-AS transfectants grew 5-fold slower and were approximately 60% less invasive than vector and HAS1-S transfectants. HAS1-AS transfectants were blocked in G(2)-M phase of the cell cycle due to down-regulation of cyclin B1, cdc25c, and cyclin-dependent kinase 1 levels. These transfectants were also 5- to 10-fold more apoptotic due to the activation of the Fas-Fas ligand-mediated extrinsic pathway. HAS1-AS transfectants showed a approximately 4-fold decrease in ErbB2 phosphorylation and down-regulation of CD44 variant isoforms (CD44-v3, CD44-v6, and CD44-E) both at the protein and mRNA levels. However, no decrease in RHAMM levels was observed. The decrease in CD44-v mRNA levels was not due to increased mRNA degradation. Whereas CD44 small interfering RNA (siRNA) transfection decreased cell growth and induced apoptosis in HT1376 cells, HA addition modestly increased CD44 expression and cell growth in HAS1-AS transfectants, which could be blocked by CD44 siRNA. In xenograft studies, HAS1-AS tumors grew 3- to 5-fold slower and had approximately 4-fold lower microvessel density. These results show that HAS1 regulates bladder cancer growth and progression by modulating HA synthesis and HA receptor levels.

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