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char = m;code = 109
char = e;code = 101
char = n;code = 110
char = .;code = 46
result sql = Reduced ex vivo interleukin-6 production by dietary fish oil is not modified by linoleic acid intake in healthy men.
Reduced ex vivo interleukin-6 production by dietary fish oil is not modified by linoleic acid intake in healthy men.
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char = ;code = 32
char = P;code = 80
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char = M;code = 77
char = C;code = 67
char = ;code = 32
char = 2;code = 50
char = 4;code = 52
char = -;code = 45
char = h;code = 104
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char = u;code = 117
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char = b;code = 98
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char = m;code = 109
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char = i;code = 105
char = a;code = 97
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char = e;code = 101
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char = a;code = 97
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char = t;code = 116
char = e;code = 101
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char = a;code = 97
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char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = f;code = 102
char = t;code = 116
char = e;code = 101
char = r;code = 114
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char = a;code = 97
char = n;code = 110
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char = 8;code = 56
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char = w;code = 119
char = k;code = 107
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char = w;code = 119
char = a;code = 97
char = s;code = 115
char = h;code = 104
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char = o;code = 111
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char = t;code = 116
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char = a;code = 97
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char = i;code = 105
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char = m;code = 109
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char = n;code = 110
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char = c;code = 99
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char = c;code = 99
char = u;code = 117
char = l;code = 108
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char = u;code = 117
char = r;code = 114
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char = s;code = 115
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char = m;code = 109
char = m;code = 109
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char = d;code = 100
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char = a;code = 97
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char = t;code = 116
char = e;code = 101
char = r;code = 114
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char = e;code = 101
char = n;code = 110
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char = i;code = 105
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char = n;code = 110
char = <;code = 60
char = b;code = 98
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char = ;code = 32
char = P;code = 80
char = B;code = 66
char = M;code = 77
char = C;code = 67
char = -;code = 45
char = E;code = 69
char = P;code = 80
char = A;code = 65
char = ;code = 32
char = :;code = 58
char = ;code = 32
char = <;code = 60
char = /;code = 47
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char = w;code = 119
char = a;code = 97
char = s;code = 115
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char = m;code = 109
char = a;code = 97
char = r;code = 114
char = k;code = 107
char = e;code = 101
char = d;code = 100
char = l;code = 108
char = y;code = 121
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char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = c;code = 99
char = r;code = 114
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char = a;code = 97
char = s;code = 115
char = e;code = 101
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = b;code = 98
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char = ;code = 32
char = F;code = 70
char = O;code = 79
char = ;code = 32
char = (;code = 40
char = P;code = 80
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char = <;code = 60
char = ;code = 32
char = 0;code = 48
char = .;code = 46
char = 0;code = 48
char = 0;code = 48
char = 1;code = 49
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char = .;code = 46
char = ;code = 32
char = L;code = 76
char = A;code = 65
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char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = t;code = 116
char = a;code = 97
char = k;code = 107
char = e;code = 101
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char = d;code = 100
char = i;code = 105
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = n;code = 110
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char = m;code = 109
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char = d;code = 100
char = i;code = 105
char = f;code = 102
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char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = e;code = 101
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char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = c;code = 99
char = o;code = 111
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char = p;code = 112
char = o;code = 111
char = r;code = 114
char = a;code = 97
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char = i;code = 105
char = o;code = 111
char = n;code = 110
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char = o;code = 111
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char = F;code = 70
char = O;code = 79
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char = a;code = 97
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char = d;code = 100
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char = e;code = 101
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char = o;code = 111
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char = h;code = 104
char = a;code = 97
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char = e;code = 101
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char = o;code = 111
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char = a;code = 97
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char = s;code = 115
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char = i;code = 105
char = g;code = 103
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char = t;code = 116
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char = f;code = 102
char = f;code = 102
char = e;code = 101
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char = P;code = 80
char = B;code = 66
char = M;code = 77
char = C;code = 67
char = -;code = 45
char = E;code = 69
char = P;code = 80
char = A;code = 65
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char = b;code = 98
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char = s;code = 115
char = e;code = 101
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char = 0;code = 48
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char = .;code = 46
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char = o;code = 111
char = p;code = 112
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char = d;code = 100
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char = L;code = 76
char = P;code = 80
char = S;code = 83
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char = -;code = 45
char = s;code = 115
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = m;code = 109
char = u;code = 117
char = l;code = 108
char = a;code = 97
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char = e;code = 101
char = d;code = 100
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char = w;code = 119
char = h;code = 104
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char = l;code = 108
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char = u;code = 117
char = k;code = 107
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char = I;code = 73
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char = -;code = 45
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char = t;code = 116
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char = O;code = 79
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char = 0;code = 48
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char = T;code = 84
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char = f;code = 102
char = y;code = 121
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char = I;code = 73
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char = e;code = 101
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char = f;code = 102
char = e;code = 101
char = c;code = 99
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char = o;code = 111
char = f;code = 102
char = ;code = 32
char = F;code = 70
char = O;code = 79
char = .;code = 46
char = ;code = 32
char = N;code = 78
char = e;code = 101
char = i;code = 105
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = e;code = 101
char = r;code = 114
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char = L;code = 76
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char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
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char = a;code = 97
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result sql = Fish oil (FO) is considered antiinflammatory, but evidence regarding its effect on human cytokine production is conflicting. High linoleic acid (LA) intake may impair any effects of FO. The aim of this study was to investigate how FO combined with high or low LA intake affected ex vivo cytokine production from cultures of whole blood, peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC), and monocytes in healthy men. The study was a double-blinded, controlled, 2 x 2 factorial 8-wk intervention. Sixty-four healthy men were randomized to 5 mL/d FO or olive oil (OO) provided in capsules and to spreads and oils with high or low LA content, resulting in LA intakes of 7 +/- 2% and 4 +/- 1% energy, respectively. We measured eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) in PBMC and stimulated cytokine production in whole blood and PBMC 24-h cultures before and immediately after intervention and after an 8-wk wash-out period, and in monocyte cultures immediately after intervention PBMC-EPA : was markedly increased by FO (P < 0.001). LA intake did not modify the incorporation of FO and tended to have only a slight effect on PBMC-EPA by itself (P = 0.06). Lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated whole-blood interleukin (IL)-6 production immediately after intervention was lower with FO than OO (P = 0.02) but did not correlate with PBMC-EPA in the FO groups (r = -0.12; P = 0.53; n = 31). The LA intake did not modify IL-6 production or the effect of FO. Neither FO nor LA intake affected the production of tumor necrosis factor-alpha, IL-10, or interferon-gamma in any of the cultures. In conclusion, FO intake reduced IL-6 production from LPS-stimulated whole blood in healthy men compared with OO, but the effect was not modified by the LA intake.

Publication: J. Nutr. 2009 Jul ;139(7)::1410-4. :doi: 10.3945/jn.108.102269.
Publication Date: 2009 Jul
Study Author(s): Damsgaard, Camilla T;Lauritzen, Lotte;Calder, Philip C;Kjaer, Tanja R;Frøkiaer, Hanne;
Institution: Department of Human Nutrition, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg DK-1958, Denmark.
Shortcut link to this study:
Fish oil (FO) is considered antiinflammatory, but evidence regarding its effect on human cytokine production is conflicting. High linoleic acid (LA) intake may impair any effects of FO. The aim of this study was to investigate how FO combined with high or low LA intake affected ex vivo cytokine production from cultures of whole blood, peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC), and monocytes in healthy men. The study was a double-blinded, controlled, 2 x 2 factorial 8-wk intervention. Sixty-four healthy men were randomized to 5 mL/d FO or olive oil (OO) provided in capsules and to spreads and oils with high or low LA content, resulting in LA intakes of 7 +/- 2% and 4 +/- 1% energy, respectively. We measured eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) in PBMC and stimulated cytokine production in whole blood and PBMC 24-h cultures before and immediately after intervention and after an 8-wk wash-out period, and in monocyte cultures immediately after intervention PBMC-EPA : was markedly increased by FO (P < 0.001). LA intake did not modify the incorporation of FO and tended to have only a slight effect on PBMC-EPA by itself (P = 0.06). Lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated whole-blood interleukin (IL)-6 production immediately after intervention was lower with FO than OO (P = 0.02) but did not correlate with PBMC-EPA in the FO groups (r = -0.12; P = 0.53; n = 31). The LA intake did not modify IL-6 production or the effect of FO. Neither FO nor LA intake affected the production of tumor necrosis factor-alpha, IL-10, or interferon-gamma in any of the cultures. In conclusion, FO intake reduced IL-6 production from LPS-stimulated whole blood in healthy men compared with OO, but the effect was not modified by the LA intake.
PMID: 19494025

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