char = T;code = 84 char = a;code = 97 char = s;code = 115 char = t;code = 116 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = p;code = 112 char = e;code = 101 char = r;code = 114 char = c;code = 99 char = e;code = 101 char = p;code = 112 char = t;code = 116 char = i;code = 105 char = o;code = 111 char = n;code = 110 char = ;code = 32 char = o;code = 111 char = f;code = 102 char = ;code = 32 char = m;code = 109 char = o;code = 111 char = n;code = 110 char = o;code = 111 char = s;code = 115 char = o;code = 111 char = d;code = 100 char = i;code = 105 char = u;code = 117 char = m;code = 109 char = ;code = 32 char = g;code = 103 char = l;code = 108 char = u;code = 117 char = t;code = 116 char = a;code = 97 char = m;code = 109 char = a;code = 97 char = t;code = 116 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = a;code = 97 char = n;code = 110 char = d;code = 100 char = ;code = 32 char = i;code = 105 char = n;code = 110 char = o;code = 111 char = s;code = 115 char = i;code = 105 char = n;code = 110 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = m;code = 109 char = o;code = 111 char = n;code = 110 char = o;code = 111 char = p;code = 112 char = h;code = 104 char = o;code = 111 char = s;code = 115 char = p;code = 112 char = h;code = 104 char = a;code = 97 char = t;code = 116 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = b;code = 98 char = y;code = 121 char = ;code = 32 char = 1;code = 49 char = 2;code = 50 char = 9;code = 57 char = P;code = 80 char = 3;code = 51 char = /;code = 47 char = J;code = 74 char = ;code = 32 char = a;code = 97 char = n;code = 110 char = d;code = 100 char = ;code = 32 char = C;code = 67 char = 5;code = 53 char = 7;code = 55 char = B;code = 66 char = L;code = 76 char = /;code = 47 char = 6;code = 54 char = B;code = 66 char = y;code = 121 char = J;code = 74 char = ;code = 32 char = m;code = 109 char = i;code = 105 char = c;code = 99 char = e;code = 101 char = .;code = 46 result sql = Taste perception of monosodium glutamate and inosine monophosphate by 129P3/J and C57BL/6ByJ mice.
Taste perception of monosodium glutamate and inosine monophosphate by 129P3/J and C57BL/6ByJ mice.char = O;code = 79 char = u;code = 117 char = r;code = 114 char = ;code = 32 char = p;code = 112 char = r;code = 114 char = e;code = 101 char = v;code = 118 char = i;code = 105 char = o;code = 111 char = u;code = 117 char = s;code = 115 char = ;code = 32 char = s;code = 115 char = t;code = 116 char = u;code = 117 char = d;code = 100 char = i;code = 105 char = e;code = 101 char = s;code = 115 char = ;code = 32 char = h;code = 104 char = a;code = 97 char = v;code = 118 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = s;code = 115 char = h;code = 104 char = o;code = 111 char = w;code = 119 char = n;code = 110 char = ;code = 32 char = t;code = 116 char = h;code = 104 char = a;code = 97 char = t;code = 116 char = ;code = 32 char = i;code = 105 char = n;code = 110 char = ;code = 32 char = l;code = 108 char = o;code = 111 char = n;code = 110 char = g;code = 103 char = -;code = 45 char = t;code = 116 char = e;code = 101 char = r;code = 114 char = m;code = 109 char = ;code = 32 char = t;code = 116 char = w;code = 119 char = o;code = 111 char = -;code = 45 char = b;code = 98 char = o;code = 111 char = t;code = 116 char = t;code = 116 char = l;code = 108 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = p;code = 112 char = r;code = 114 char = e;code = 101 char = f;code = 102 char = e;code = 101 char = r;code = 114 char = e;code = 101 char = n;code = 110 char = c;code = 99 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = t;code = 116 char = e;code = 101 char = s;code = 115 char = t;code = 116 char = s;code = 115 char = ,;code = 44 char = ;code = 32 char = m;code = 109 char = i;code = 105 char = c;code = 99 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = f;code = 102 char = r;code = 114 char = o;code = 111 char = m;code = 109 char = ;code = 32 char = t;code = 116 char = h;code = 104 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = C;code = 67 char = 5;code = 53 char = 7;code = 55 char = B;code = 66 char = L;code = 76 char = /;code = 47 char = 6;code = 54 char = B;code = 66 char = y;code = 121 char = J;code = 74 char = ;code = 32 char = (;code = 40 char = B;code = 66 char = 6;code = 54 char = );code = 41 char = ;code = 32 char = i;code = 105 char = n;code = 110 char = b;code = 98 char = r;code = 114 char = e;code = 101 char = d;code = 100 char = ;code = 32 char = s;code = 115 char = t;code = 116 char = r;code = 114 char = a;code = 97 char = i;code = 105 char = n;code = 110 char = ;code = 32 char = d;code = 100 char = r;code = 114 char = i;code = 105 char = n;code = 110 char = k;code = 107 char = ;code = 32 char = m;code = 109 char = o;code = 111 char = r;code = 114 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = m;code = 109 char = o;code = 111 char = n;code = 110 char = o;code = 111 char = s;code = 115 char = o;code = 111 char = d;code = 100 char = i;code = 105 char = u;code = 117 char = m;code = 109 char = ;code = 32 char = g;code = 103 char = l;code = 108 char = u;code = 117 char = t;code = 116 char = a;code = 97 char = m;code = 109 char = a;code = 97 char = t;code = 116 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = (;code = 40 char = M;code = 77 char = S;code = 83 char = G;code = 71 char = );code = 41 char = ;code = 32 char = a;code = 97 char = n;code = 110 char = d;code = 100 char = ;code = 32 char = i;code = 105 char = n;code = 110 char = o;code = 111 char = s;code = 115 char = i;code = 105 char = n;code = 110 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = m;code = 109 char = o;code = 111 char = n;code = 110 char = o;code = 111 char = p;code = 112 char = h;code = 104 char = o;code = 111 char = s;code = 115 char = p;code = 112 char = h;code = 104 char = a;code = 97 char = t;code = 116 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = (;code = 40 char = I;code = 73 char = M;code = 77 char = P;code = 80 char = );code = 41 char = ;code = 32 char = t;code = 116 char = h;code = 104 char = a;code = 97 char = n;code = 110 char = ;code = 32 char = m;code = 109 char = i;code = 105 char = c;code = 99 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = f;code = 102 char = r;code = 114 char = o;code = 111 char = m;code = 109 char = ;code = 32 char = t;code = 116 char = h;code = 104 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = 1;code = 49 char = 2;code = 50 char = 9;code = 57 char = P;code = 80 char = 3;code = 51 char = /;code = 47 char = J;code = 74 char = ;code = 32 char = (;code = 40 char = 1;code = 49 char = 2;code = 50 char = 9;code = 57 char = );code = 41 char = ;code = 32 char = i;code = 105 char = n;code = 110 char = b;code = 98 char = r;code = 114 char = e;code = 101 char = d;code = 100 char = ;code = 32 char = s;code = 115 char = t;code = 116 char = r;code = 114 char = a;code = 97 char = i;code = 105 char = n;code = 110 char = .;code = 46 char = ;code = 32 char = T;code = 84 char = h;code = 104 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = g;code = 103 char = o;code = 111 char = a;code = 97 char = l;code = 108 char = ;code = 32 char = o;code = 111 char = f;code = 102 char = ;code = 32 char = t;code = 116 char = h;code = 104 char = i;code = 105 char = s;code = 115 char = ;code = 32 char = s;code = 115 char = t;code = 116 char = u;code = 117 char = d;code = 100 char = y;code = 121 char = ;code = 32 char = w;code = 119 char = a;code = 97 char = s;code = 115 char = ;code = 32 char = t;code = 116 char = o;code = 111 char = ;code = 32 char = e;code = 101 char = x;code = 120 char = a;code = 97 char = m;code = 109 char = i;code = 105 char = n;code = 110 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = w;code = 119 char = h;code = 104 char = e;code = 101 char = t;code = 116 char = h;code = 104 char = e;code = 101 char = r;code = 114 char = ;code = 32 char = t;code = 116 char = h;code = 104 char = i;code = 105 char = s;code = 115 char = ;code = 32 char = v;code = 118 char = a;code = 97 char = r;code = 114 char = i;code = 105 char = a;code = 97 char = t;code = 116 char = i;code = 105 char = o;code = 111 char = n;code = 110 char = ;code = 32 char = i;code = 105 char = n;code = 110 char = ;code = 32 char = c;code = 99 char = o;code = 111 char = n;code = 110 char = s;code = 115 char = u;code = 117 char = m;code = 109 char = p;code = 112 char = t;code = 116 char = i;code = 105 char = o;code = 111 char = n;code = 110 char = ;code = 32 char = c;code = 99 char = o;code = 111 char = u;code = 117 char = l;code = 108 char = d;code = 100 char = ;code = 32 char = b;code = 98 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = a;code = 97 char = t;code = 116 char = t;code = 116 char = r;code = 114 char = i;code = 105 char = b;code = 98 char = u;code = 117 char = t;code = 116 char = e;code = 101 char = d;code = 100 char = ;code = 32 char = t;code = 116 char = o;code = 111 char = ;code = 32 char = s;code = 115 char = t;code = 116 char = r;code = 114 char = a;code = 97 char = i;code = 105 char = n;code = 110 char = ;code = 32 char = d;code = 100 char = i;code = 105 char = f;code = 102 char = f;code = 102 char = e;code = 101 char = r;code = 114 char = e;code = 101 char = n;code = 110 char = c;code = 99 char = e;code = 101 char = s;code = 115 char = ;code = 32 char = i;code = 105 char = n;code = 110 char = ;code = 32 char = p;code = 112 char = e;code = 101 char = r;code = 114 char = c;code = 99 char = e;code = 101 char = p;code = 112 char = t;code = 116 char = i;code = 105 char = o;code = 111 char = n;code = 110 char = ;code = 32 char = o;code = 111 char = f;code = 102 char = ;code = 32 char = t;code = 116 char = h;code = 104 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = t;code = 116 char = a;code = 97 char = s;code = 115 char = t;code = 116 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = q;code = 113 char = u;code = 117 char = a;code = 97 char = l;code = 108 char = i;code = 105 char = t;code = 116 char = y;code = 121 char = ;code = 32 char = o;code = 111 char = f;code = 102 char = ;code = 32 char = M;code = 77 char = S;code = 83 char = G;code = 71 char = ;code = 32 char = a;code = 97 char = n;code = 110 char = d;code = 100 char = ;code = 32 char = I;code = 73 char = M;code = 77 char = P;code = 80 char = .;code = 46 char = ;code = 32 char = W;code = 87 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = d;code = 100 char = e;code = 101 char = v;code = 118 char = e;code = 101 char = l;code = 108 char = o;code = 111 char = p;code = 112 char = e;code = 101 char = d;code = 100 char = ;code = 32 char = a;code = 97 char = ;code = 32 char = c;code = 99 char = o;code = 111 char = n;code = 110 char = d;code = 100 char = i;code = 105 char = t;code = 116 char = i;code = 105 char = o;code = 111 char = n;code = 110 char = e;code = 101 char = d;code = 100 char = ;code = 32 char = t;code = 116 char = a;code = 97 char = s;code = 115 char = t;code = 116 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = a;code = 97 char = v;code = 118 char = e;code = 101 char = r;code = 114 char = s;code = 115 char = i;code = 105 char = o;code = 111 char = n;code = 110 char = ;code = 32 char = (;code = 40 char = C;code = 67 char = T;code = 84 char = A;code = 65 char = );code = 41 char = ;code = 32 char = i;code = 105 char = n;code = 110 char = ;code = 32 char = B;code = 66 char = 6;code = 54 char = ;code = 32 char = a;code = 97 char = n;code = 110 char = d;code = 100 char = ;code = 32 char = 1;code = 49 char = 2;code = 50 char = 9;code = 57 char = ;code = 32 char = m;code = 109 char = i;code = 105 char = c;code = 99 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = t;code = 116 char = o;code = 111 char = ;code = 32 char = 1;code = 49 char = 0;code = 48 char = 0;code = 48 char = ;code = 32 char = m;code = 109 char = M;code = 77 char = ;code = 32 char = M;code = 77 char = S;code = 83 char = G;code = 71 char = ;code = 32 char = o;code = 111 char = r;code = 114 char = ;code = 32 char = 1;code = 49 char = 0;code = 48 char = ;code = 32 char = m;code = 109 char = M;code = 77 char = ;code = 32 char = I;code = 73 char = M;code = 77 char = P;code = 80 char = ;code = 32 char = a;code = 97 char = n;code = 110 char = d;code = 100 char = ;code = 32 char = u;code = 117 char = s;code = 115 char = e;code = 101 char = d;code = 100 char = ;code = 32 char = a;code = 97 char = ;code = 32 char = b;code = 98 char = r;code = 114 char = i;code = 105 char = e;code = 101 char = f;code = 102 char = -;code = 45 char = a;code = 97 char = c;code = 99 char = c;code = 99 char = e;code = 101 char = s;code = 115 char = s;code = 115 char = ;code = 32 char = t;code = 116 char = a;code = 97 char = s;code = 115 char = t;code = 116 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = a;code = 97 char = s;code = 115 char = s;code = 115 char = a;code = 97 char = y;code = 121 char = ;code = 32 char = t;code = 116 char = o;code = 111 char = ;code = 32 char = e;code = 101 char = x;code = 120 char = a;code = 97 char = m;code = 109 char = i;code = 105 char = n;code = 110 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = C;code = 67 char = T;code = 84 char = A;code = 65 char = ;code = 32 char = g;code = 103 char = e;code = 101 char = n;code = 110 char = e;code = 101 char = r;code = 114 char = a;code = 97 char = l;code = 108 char = i;code = 105 char = z;code = 122 char = a;code = 97 char = t;code = 116 char = i;code = 105 char = o;code = 111 char = n;code = 110 char = .;code = 46 char = ;code = 32 char = B;code = 66 char = 6;code = 54 char = ;code = 32 char = a;code = 97 char = n;code = 110 char = d;code = 100 char = ;code = 32 char = 1;code = 49 char = 2;code = 50 char = 9;code = 57 char = ;code = 32 char = m;code = 109 char = i;code = 105 char = c;code = 99 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = d;code = 100 char = i;code = 105 char = d;code = 100 char = ;code = 32 char = n;code = 110 char = o;code = 111 char = t;code = 116 char = ;code = 32 char = d;code = 100 char = i;code = 105 char = f;code = 102 char = f;code = 102 char = e;code = 101 char = r;code = 114 char = ;code = 32 char = i;code = 105 char = n;code = 110 char = ;code = 32 char = t;code = 116 char = h;code = 104 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = g;code = 103 char = e;code = 101 char = n;code = 110 char = e;code = 101 char = r;code = 114 char = a;code = 97 char = l;code = 108 char = i;code = 105 char = z;code = 122 char = a;code = 97 char = t;code = 116 char = i;code = 105 char = o;code = 111 char = n;code = 110 char = ;code = 32 char = p;code = 112 char = a;code = 97 char = t;code = 116 char = t;code = 116 char = e;code = 101 char = r;code = 114 char = n;code = 110 char = s;code = 115 char = ;code = 32 char = f;code = 102 char = o;code = 111 char = l;code = 108 char = l;code = 108 char = o;code = 111 char = w;code = 119 char = i;code = 105 char = n;code = 110 char = g;code = 103 char = ;code = 32 char = C;code = 67 char = T;code = 84 char = A;code = 65 char = ;code = 32 char = t;code = 116 char = o;code = 111 char = ;code = 32 char = <;code = 60 char = b;code = 98 char = >;code = 62 char = M;code = 77 char = S;code = 83 char = G;code = 71 char = :;code = 58 char = ;code = 32 char = <;code = 60 char = /;code = 47 char = b;code = 98 char = >;code = 62 char = ;code = 32 char = m;code = 109 char = i;code = 105 char = c;code = 99 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = f;code = 102 char = r;code = 114 char = o;code = 111 char = m;code = 109 char = ;code = 32 char = b;code = 98 char = o;code = 111 char = t;code = 116 char = h;code = 104 char = ;code = 32 char = s;code = 115 char = t;code = 116 char = r;code = 114 char = a;code = 97 char = i;code = 105 char = n;code = 110 char = s;code = 115 char = ;code = 32 char = g;code = 103 char = e;code = 101 char = n;code = 110 char = e;code = 101 char = r;code = 114 char = a;code = 97 char = l;code = 108 char = i;code = 105 char = z;code = 122 char = e;code = 101 char = d;code = 100 char = ;code = 32 char = C;code = 67 char = T;code = 84 char = A;code = 65 char = ;code = 32 char = f;code = 102 char = r;code = 114 char = o;code = 111 char = m;code = 109 char = ;code = 32 char = M;code = 77 char = S;code = 83 char = G;code = 71 char = ;code = 32 char = t;code = 116 char = o;code = 111 char = ;code = 32 char = N;code = 78 char = a;code = 97 char = C;code = 67 char = l;code = 108 char = .;code = 46 char = ;code = 32 char = I;code = 73 char = n;code = 110 char = ;code = 32 char = c;code = 99 char = o;code = 111 char = n;code = 110 char = t;code = 116 char = r;code = 114 char = a;code = 97 char = s;code = 115 char = t;code = 116 char = ,;code = 44 char = ;code = 32 char = s;code = 115 char = t;code = 116 char = r;code = 114 char = a;code = 97 char = i;code = 105 char = n;code = 110 char = ;code = 32 char = d;code = 100 char = i;code = 105 char = f;code = 102 char = f;code = 102 char = e;code = 101 char = r;code = 114 char = e;code = 101 char = n;code = 110 char = c;code = 99 char = e;code = 101 char = s;code = 115 char = ;code = 32 char = i;code = 105 char = n;code = 110 char = ;code = 32 char = t;code = 116 char = h;code = 104 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = g;code = 103 char = e;code = 101 char = n;code = 110 char = e;code = 101 char = r;code = 114 char = a;code = 97 char = l;code = 108 char = i;code = 105 char = z;code = 122 char = a;code = 97 char = t;code = 116 char = i;code = 105 char = o;code = 111 char = n;code = 110 char = ;code = 32 char = p;code = 112 char = a;code = 97 char = t;code = 116 char = t;code = 116 char = e;code = 101 char = r;code = 114 char = n;code = 110 char = s;code = 115 char = ;code = 32 char = w;code = 119 char = e;code = 101 char = r;code = 114 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = e;code = 101 char = v;code = 118 char = i;code = 105 char = d;code = 100 char = e;code = 101 char = n;code = 110 char = t;code = 116 char = ;code = 32 char = f;code = 102 char = o;code = 111 char = l;code = 108 char = l;code = 108 char = o;code = 111 char = w;code = 119 char = i;code = 105 char = n;code = 110 char = g;code = 103 char = ;code = 32 char = t;code = 116 char = h;code = 104 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = C;code = 67 char = T;code = 84 char = A;code = 65 char = ;code = 32 char = t;code = 116 char = o;code = 111 char = ;code = 32 char = <;code = 60 char = b;code = 98 char = r;code = 114 char = /;code = 47 char = >;code = 62 char = <;code = 60 char = b;code = 98 char = r;code = 114 char = /;code = 47 char = >;code = 62 char = <;code = 60 char = b;code = 98 char = >;code = 62 char = I;code = 73 char = M;code = 77 char = P;code = 80 char = :;code = 58 char = ;code = 32 char = <;code = 60 char = /;code = 47 char = b;code = 98 char = >;code = 62 char = ;code = 32 char = w;code = 119 char = h;code = 104 char = i;code = 105 char = l;code = 108 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = m;code = 109 char = i;code = 105 char = c;code = 99 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = f;code = 102 char = r;code = 114 char = o;code = 111 char = m;code = 109 char = ;code = 32 char = b;code = 98 char = o;code = 111 char = t;code = 116 char = h;code = 104 char = ;code = 32 char = s;code = 115 char = t;code = 116 char = r;code = 114 char = a;code = 97 char = i;code = 105 char = n;code = 110 char = s;code = 115 char = ;code = 32 char = g;code = 103 char = e;code = 101 char = n;code = 110 char = e;code = 101 char = r;code = 114 char = a;code = 97 char = l;code = 108 char = i;code = 105 char = z;code = 122 char = e;code = 101 char = d;code = 100 char = ;code = 32 char = C;code = 67 char = T;code = 84 char = A;code = 65 char = ;code = 32 char = f;code = 102 char = r;code = 114 char = o;code = 111 char = m;code = 109 char = ;code = 32 char = I;code = 73 char = M;code = 77 char = P;code = 80 char = ;code = 32 char = t;code = 116 char = o;code = 111 char = ;code = 32 char = M;code = 77 char = S;code = 83 char = G;code = 71 char = ,;code = 44 char = ;code = 32 char = 1;code = 49 char = 2;code = 50 char = 9;code = 57 char = ;code = 32 char = m;code = 109 char = i;code = 105 char = c;code = 99 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = t;code = 116 char = e;code = 101 char = n;code = 110 char = d;code = 100 char = e;code = 101 char = d;code = 100 char = ;code = 32 char = t;code = 116 char = o;code = 111 char = ;code = 32 char = h;code = 104 char = a;code = 97 char = v;code = 118 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = s;code = 115 char = t;code = 116 char = r;code = 114 char = o;code = 111 char = n;code = 110 char = g;code = 103 char = e;code = 101 char = r;code = 114 char = ;code = 32 char = C;code = 67 char = T;code = 84 char = A;code = 65 char = ;code = 32 char = g;code = 103 char = e;code = 101 char = n;code = 110 char = e;code = 101 char = r;code = 114 char = a;code = 97 char = l;code = 108 char = i;code = 105 char = z;code = 122 char = a;code = 97 char = t;code = 116 char = i;code = 105 char = o;code = 111 char = n;code = 110 char = ;code = 32 char = t;code = 116 char = o;code = 111 char = ;code = 32 char = s;code = 115 char = a;code = 97 char = c;code = 99 char = c;code = 99 char = h;code = 104 char = a;code = 97 char = r;code = 114 char = i;code = 105 char = n;code = 110 char = ;code = 32 char = a;code = 97 char = n;code = 110 char = d;code = 100 char = ;code = 32 char = d;code = 100 char = -;code = 45 char = t;code = 116 char = r;code = 114 char = y;code = 121 char = p;code = 112 char = t;code = 116 char = o;code = 111 char = p;code = 112 char = h;code = 104 char = a;code = 97 char = n;code = 110 char = ,;code = 44 char = ;code = 32 char = b;code = 98 char = o;code = 111 char = t;code = 116 char = h;code = 104 char = ;code = 32 char = o;code = 111 char = f;code = 102 char = ;code = 32 char = w;code = 119 char = h;code = 104 char = i;code = 105 char = c;code = 99 char = h;code = 104 char = ;code = 32 char = a;code = 97 char = r;code = 114 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = p;code = 112 char = e;code = 101 char = r;code = 114 char = c;code = 99 char = e;code = 101 char = i;code = 105 char = v;code = 118 char = e;code = 101 char = d;code = 100 char = ;code = 32 char = a;code = 97 char = s;code = 115 char = ;code = 32 char = s;code = 115 char = w;code = 119 char = e;code = 101 char = e;code = 101 char = t;code = 116 char = ;code = 32 char = b;code = 98 char = y;code = 121 char = ;code = 32 char = h;code = 104 char = u;code = 117 char = m;code = 109 char = a;code = 97 char = n;code = 110 char = s;code = 115 char = .;code = 46 char = ;code = 32 char = T;code = 84 char = h;code = 104 char = e;code = 101 char = s;code = 115 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = d;code = 100 char = a;code = 97 char = t;code = 116 char = a;code = 97 char = ;code = 32 char = s;code = 115 char = u;code = 117 char = g;code = 103 char = g;code = 103 char = e;code = 101 char = s;code = 115 char = t;code = 116 char = ;code = 32 char = t;code = 116 char = h;code = 104 char = a;code = 97 char = t;code = 116 char = ;code = 32 char = t;code = 116 char = h;code = 104 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = s;code = 115 char = t;code = 116 char = r;code = 114 char = a;code = 97 char = i;code = 105 char = n;code = 110 char = ;code = 32 char = d;code = 100 char = i;code = 105 char = f;code = 102 char = f;code = 102 char = e;code = 101 char = r;code = 114 char = e;code = 101 char = n;code = 110 char = c;code = 99 char = e;code = 101 char = s;code = 115 char = ;code = 32 char = i;code = 105 char = n;code = 110 char = ;code = 32 char = M;code = 77 char = S;code = 83 char = G;code = 71 char = ;code = 32 char = c;code = 99 char = o;code = 111 char = n;code = 110 char = s;code = 115 char = u;code = 117 char = m;code = 109 char = p;code = 112 char = t;code = 116 char = i;code = 105 char = o;code = 111 char = n;code = 110 char = ;code = 32 char = a;code = 97 char = r;code = 114 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = n;code = 110 char = o;code = 111 char = t;code = 116 char = ;code = 32 char = d;code = 100 char = u;code = 117 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = t;code = 116 char = o;code = 111 char = ;code = 32 char = v;code = 118 char = a;code = 97 char = r;code = 114 char = i;code = 105 char = a;code = 97 char = t;code = 116 char = i;code = 105 char = o;code = 111 char = n;code = 110 char = ;code = 32 char = i;code = 105 char = n;code = 110 char = ;code = 32 char = p;code = 112 char = e;code = 101 char = r;code = 114 char = c;code = 99 char = e;code = 101 char = p;code = 112 char = t;code = 116 char = i;code = 105 char = o;code = 111 char = n;code = 110 char = ;code = 32 char = o;code = 111 char = f;code = 102 char = ;code = 32 char = t;code = 116 char = h;code = 104 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = t;code = 116 char = a;code = 97 char = s;code = 115 char = t;code = 116 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = q;code = 113 char = u;code = 117 char = a;code = 97 char = l;code = 108 char = i;code = 105 char = t;code = 116 char = y;code = 121 char = ;code = 32 char = o;code = 111 char = f;code = 102 char = ;code = 32 char = M;code = 77 char = S;code = 83 char = G;code = 71 char = .;code = 46 char = ;code = 32 char = I;code = 73 char = n;code = 110 char = s;code = 115 char = t;code = 116 char = e;code = 101 char = a;code = 97 char = d;code = 100 char = ,;code = 44 char = ;code = 32 char = t;code = 116 char = h;code = 104 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = d;code = 100 char = i;code = 105 char = f;code = 102 char = f;code = 102 char = e;code = 101 char = r;code = 114 char = e;code = 101 char = n;code = 110 char = t;code = 116 char = i;code = 105 char = a;code = 97 char = l;code = 108 char = ;code = 32 char = i;code = 105 char = n;code = 110 char = t;code = 116 char = a;code = 97 char = k;code = 107 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = o;code = 111 char = f;code = 102 char = ;code = 32 char = I;code = 73 char = M;code = 77 char = P;code = 80 char = ;code = 32 char = l;code = 108 char = i;code = 105 char = k;code = 107 char = e;code = 101 char = l;code = 108 char = y;code = 121 char = ;code = 32 char = r;code = 114 char = e;code = 101 char = f;code = 102 char = l;code = 108 char = e;code = 101 char = c;code = 99 char = t;code = 116 char = s;code = 115 char = ;code = 32 char = s;code = 115 char = t;code = 116 char = r;code = 114 char = a;code = 97 char = i;code = 105 char = n;code = 110 char = ;code = 32 char = d;code = 100 char = i;code = 105 char = f;code = 102 char = f;code = 102 char = e;code = 101 char = r;code = 114 char = e;code = 101 char = n;code = 110 char = c;code = 99 char = e;code = 101 char = s;code = 115 char = ;code = 32 char = i;code = 105 char = n;code = 110 char = ;code = 32 char = t;code = 116 char = h;code = 104 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = w;code = 119 char = a;code = 97 char = y;code = 121 char = ;code = 32 char = t;code = 116 char = h;code = 104 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = t;code = 116 char = a;code = 97 char = s;code = 115 char = t;code = 116 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = q;code = 113 char = u;code = 117 char = a;code = 97 char = l;code = 108 char = i;code = 105 char = t;code = 116 char = y;code = 121 char = ;code = 32 char = o;code = 111 char = f;code = 102 char = ;code = 32 char = I;code = 73 char = M;code = 77 char = P;code = 80 char = ;code = 32 char = i;code = 105 char = s;code = 115 char = ;code = 32 char = p;code = 112 char = e;code = 101 char = r;code = 114 char = c;code = 99 char = e;code = 101 char = i;code = 105 char = v;code = 118 char = e;code = 101 char = d;code = 100 char = .;code = 46 char = ;code = 32 char = O;code = 79 char = u;code = 117 char = r;code = 114 char = ;code = 32 char = d;code = 100 char = a;code = 97 char = t;code = 116 char = a;code = 97 char = ;code = 32 char = s;code = 115 char = u;code = 117 char = g;code = 103 char = g;code = 103 char = e;code = 101 char = s;code = 115 char = t;code = 116 char = ;code = 32 char = t;code = 116 char = h;code = 104 char = a;code = 97 char = t;code = 116 char = ;code = 32 char = m;code = 109 char = i;code = 105 char = c;code = 99 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = p;code = 112 char = e;code = 101 char = r;code = 114 char = c;code = 99 char = e;code = 101 char = i;code = 105 char = v;code = 118 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = M;code = 77 char = S;code = 83 char = G;code = 71 char = ;code = 32 char = a;code = 97 char = n;code = 110 char = d;code = 100 char = ;code = 32 char = I;code = 73 char = M;code = 77 char = P;code = 80 char = ;code = 32 char = a;code = 97 char = s;code = 115 char = ;code = 32 char = c;code = 99 char = o;code = 111 char = m;code = 109 char = p;code = 112 char = l;code = 108 char = e;code = 101 char = x;code = 120 char = ;code = 32 char = t;code = 116 char = a;code = 97 char = s;code = 115 char = t;code = 116 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = s;code = 115 char = t;code = 116 char = i;code = 105 char = m;code = 109 char = u;code = 117 char = l;code = 108 char = i;code = 105 char = :;code = 58 char = ;code = 32 char = s;code = 115 char = o;code = 111 char = m;code = 109 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = t;code = 116 char = a;code = 97 char = s;code = 115 char = t;code = 116 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = c;code = 99 char = o;code = 111 char = m;code = 109 char = p;code = 112 char = o;code = 111 char = n;code = 110 char = e;code = 101 char = n;code = 110 char = t;code = 116 char = s;code = 115 char = ;code = 32 char = a;code = 97 char = r;code = 114 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = s;code = 115 char = h;code = 104 char = a;code = 97 char = r;code = 114 char = e;code = 101 char = d;code = 100 char = ;code = 32 char = b;code = 98 char = e;code = 101 char = t;code = 116 char = w;code = 119 char = e;code = 101 char = e;code = 101 char = n;code = 110 char = ;code = 32 char = t;code = 116 char = h;code = 104 char = e;code = 101 char = s;code = 115 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = t;code = 116 char = w;code = 119 char = o;code = 111 char = ;code = 32 char = s;code = 115 char = u;code = 117 char = b;code = 98 char = s;code = 115 char = t;code = 116 char = a;code = 97 char = n;code = 110 char = c;code = 99 char = e;code = 101 char = s;code = 115 char = ,;code = 44 char = ;code = 32 char = b;code = 98 char = u;code = 117 char = t;code = 116 char = ;code = 32 char = t;code = 116 char = h;code = 104 char = e;code = 101 char = i;code = 105 char = r;code = 114 char = ;code = 32 char = r;code = 114 char = e;code = 101 char = l;code = 108 char = a;code = 97 char = t;code = 116 char = i;code = 105 char = v;code = 118 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = i;code = 105 char = n;code = 110 char = t;code = 116 char = e;code = 101 char = n;code = 110 char = s;code = 115 char = i;code = 105 char = t;code = 116 char = y;code = 121 char = ;code = 32 char = s;code = 115 char = e;code = 101 char = e;code = 101 char = m;code = 109 char = s;code = 115 char = ;code = 32 char = t;code = 116 char = o;code = 111 char = ;code = 32 char = b;code = 98 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = d;code = 100 char = i;code = 105 char = f;code = 102 char = f;code = 102 char = e;code = 101 char = r;code = 114 char = e;code = 101 char = n;code = 110 char = t;code = 116 char = ;code = 32 char = f;code = 102 char = o;code = 111 char = r;code = 114 char = ;code = 32 char = M;code = 77 char = S;code = 83 char = G;code = 71 char = ;code = 32 char = a;code = 97 char = n;code = 110 char = d;code = 100 char = ;code = 32 char = I;code = 73 char = M;code = 77 char = P;code = 80 char = .;code = 46 char = ;code = 32 char = T;code = 84 char = h;code = 104 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = a;code = 97 char = m;code = 109 char = i;code = 105 char = l;code = 108 char = o;code = 111 char = r;code = 114 char = i;code = 105 char = d;code = 100 char = e;code = 101 char = -;code = 45 char = s;code = 115 char = e;code = 101 char = n;code = 110 char = s;code = 115 char = i;code = 105 char = t;code = 116 char = i;code = 105 char = v;code = 118 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = s;code = 115 char = a;code = 97 char = l;code = 108 char = t;code = 116 char = ;code = 32 char = t;code = 116 char = a;code = 97 char = s;code = 115 char = t;code = 116 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = c;code = 99 char = o;code = 111 char = m;code = 109 char = p;code = 112 char = o;code = 111 char = n;code = 110 char = e;code = 101 char = n;code = 110 char = t;code = 116 char = ;code = 32 char = i;code = 105 char = s;code = 115 char = ;code = 32 char = m;code = 109 char = o;code = 111 char = r;code = 114 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = p;code = 112 char = r;code = 114 char = e;code = 101 char = v;code = 118 char = a;code = 97 char = l;code = 108 char = e;code = 101 char = n;code = 110 char = t;code = 116 char = ;code = 32 char = i;code = 105 char = n;code = 110 char = ;code = 32 char = M;code = 77 char = S;code = 83 char = G;code = 71 char = ;code = 32 char = t;code = 116 char = h;code = 104 char = a;code = 97 char = n;code = 110 char = ;code = 32 char = i;code = 105 char = n;code = 110 char = ;code = 32 char = I;code = 73 char = M;code = 77 char = P;code = 80 char = ;code = 32 char = t;code = 116 char = a;code = 97 char = s;code = 115 char = t;code = 116 char = e;code = 101 char = ,;code = 44 char = ;code = 32 char = a;code = 97 char = n;code = 110 char = d;code = 100 char = ;code = 32 char = i;code = 105 char = n;code = 110 char = ;code = 32 char = B;code = 66 char = 6;code = 54 char = ;code = 32 char = c;code = 99 char = o;code = 111 char = m;code = 109 char = p;code = 112 char = a;code = 97 char = r;code = 114 char = e;code = 101 char = d;code = 100 char = ;code = 32 char = w;code = 119 char = i;code = 105 char = t;code = 116 char = h;code = 104 char = ;code = 32 char = 1;code = 49 char = 2;code = 50 char = 9;code = 57 char = ;code = 32 char = m;code = 109 char = i;code = 105 char = c;code = 99 char = e;code = 101 char = .;code = 46 char = <;code = 60 char = b;code = 98 char = r;code = 114 char = /;code = 47 char = >;code = 62 result sql = Our previous studies have shown that in long-term two-bottle preference tests, mice from the C57BL/6ByJ (B6) inbred strain drink more monosodium glutamate (MSG) and inosine monophosphate (IMP) than mice from the 129P3/J (129) inbred strain. The goal of this study was to examine whether this variation in consumption could be attributed to strain differences in perception of the taste quality of MSG and IMP. We developed a conditioned taste aversion (CTA) in B6 and 129 mice to 100 mM MSG or 10 mM IMP and used a brief-access taste assay to examine CTA generalization. B6 and 129 mice did not differ in the generalization patterns following CTA to MSG: mice from both strains generalized CTA from MSG to NaCl. In contrast, strain differences in the generalization patterns were evident following the CTA to IMP: while mice from both strains generalized CTA from IMP to MSG, 129 mice tended to have stronger CTA generalization to saccharin and d-tryptophan, both of which are perceived as sweet by humans. These data suggest that the strain differences in MSG consumption are not due to variation in perception of the taste quality of MSG. Instead, the differential intake of IMP likely reflects strain differences in the way the taste quality of IMP is perceived. Our data suggest that mice perceive MSG and IMP as complex taste stimuli: some taste components are shared between these two substances, but their relative intensity seems to be different for MSG and IMP. The amiloride-sensitive salt taste component is more prevalent in MSG than in IMP taste, and in B6 compared with 129 mice.
Publication: Physiol. Behav. 2009 Oct 19 ;98(4)::481-8. :doi: 10.1016/j.physbeh.2009.07.016.
Publication Date: 2009 Oct 19
Study Author(s): Murata, Yuko;Beauchamp, Gary K;Bachmanov, Alexander A;
Institution: Monell Chemical Senses Center, Philadelphia, PA, 19104-3308, USA.
[email protected]
Shortcut link to this study:
Our previous studies have shown that in long-term two-bottle preference tests, mice from the C57BL/6ByJ (B6) inbred strain drink more monosodium glutamate (MSG) and inosine monophosphate (IMP) than mice from the 129P3/J (129) inbred strain. The goal of this study was to examine whether this variation in consumption could be attributed to strain differences in perception of the taste quality of MSG and IMP. We developed a conditioned taste aversion (CTA) in B6 and 129 mice to 100 mM MSG or 10 mM IMP and used a brief-access taste assay to examine CTA generalization. B6 and 129 mice did not differ in the generalization patterns following CTA to MSG: mice from both strains generalized CTA from MSG to NaCl. In contrast, strain differences in the generalization patterns were evident following the CTA to IMP: while mice from both strains generalized CTA from IMP to MSG, 129 mice tended to have stronger CTA generalization to saccharin and d-tryptophan, both of which are perceived as sweet by humans. These data suggest that the strain differences in MSG consumption are not due to variation in perception of the taste quality of MSG. Instead, the differential intake of IMP likely reflects strain differences in the way the taste quality of IMP is perceived. Our data suggest that mice perceive MSG and IMP as complex taste stimuli: some taste components are shared between these two substances, but their relative intensity seems to be different for MSG and IMP. The amiloride-sensitive salt taste component is more prevalent in MSG than in IMP taste, and in B6 compared with 129 mice.
PMID: 19666040