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result sql = New structural analogues of curcumin exhibit potent growth suppressive activity in human colorectal carcinoma cells.

New structural analogues of curcumin exhibit potent growth suppressive activity in human colorectal carcinoma cells.

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char = e;code = 101
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char = u;code = 117
char = s;code = 115
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char = d;code = 100
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char = t;code = 116
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char = e;code = 101
char = l;code = 108
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char = P;code = 80
char = A;code = 65
char = R;code = 82
char = P;code = 80
char = ;code = 32
char = c;code = 99
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char = e;code = 101
char = a;code = 97
char = v;code = 118
char = a;code = 97
char = g;code = 103
char = e;code = 101
char = s;code = 115
char = .;code = 46
char = ;code = 32
char = H;code = 72
char = a;code = 97
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char = f;code = 102
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char = a;code = 97
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char = m;code = 109
char = a;code = 97
char = l;code = 108
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char = n;code = 110
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char = i;code = 105
char = b;code = 98
char = i;code = 105
char = t;code = 116
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char = r;code = 114
char = y;code = 121
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char = c;code = 99
char = o;code = 111
char = n;code = 110
char = c;code = 99
char = e;code = 101
char = n;code = 110
char = t;code = 116
char = r;code = 114
char = a;code = 97
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = o;code = 111
char = n;code = 110
char = s;code = 115
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char = I;code = 73
char = C;code = 67
char = 5;code = 53
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char = e;code = 101
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char = c;code = 99
char = a;code = 97
char = l;code = 108
char = c;code = 99
char = u;code = 117
char = l;code = 108
char = a;code = 97
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char = e;code = 101
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = u;code = 117
char = s;code = 115
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char = n;code = 110
char = g;code = 103
char = ;code = 32
char = S;code = 83
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char = g;code = 103
char = m;code = 109
char = a;code = 97
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char = P;code = 80
char = l;code = 108
char = o;code = 111
char = t;code = 116
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char = 9;code = 57
char = .;code = 46
char = 0;code = 48
char = ;code = 32
char = s;code = 115
char = o;code = 111
char = f;code = 102
char = t;code = 116
char = w;code = 119
char = a;code = 97
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = .;code = 46
char = <;code = 60
char = b;code = 98
char = r;code = 114
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char = >;code = 62
char = <;code = 60
char = b;code = 98
char = r;code = 114
char = /;code = 47
char = >;code = 62
char = <;code = 60
char = b;code = 98
char = >;code = 62
char = R;code = 82
char = E;code = 69
char = S;code = 83
char = U;code = 85
char = L;code = 76
char = T;code = 84
char = S;code = 83
char = ;code = 32
char = :;code = 58
char = ;code = 32
char = <;code = 60
char = /;code = 47
char = b;code = 98
char = >;code = 62
char = C;code = 67
char = u;code = 117
char = r;code = 114
char = c;code = 99
char = u;code = 117
char = m;code = 109
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = h;code = 104
char = i;code = 105
char = b;code = 98
char = i;code = 105
char = t;code = 116
char = e;code = 101
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = c;code = 99
char = e;code = 101
char = l;code = 108
char = l;code = 108
char = ;code = 32
char = v;code = 118
char = i;code = 105
char = a;code = 97
char = b;code = 98
char = i;code = 105
char = l;code = 108
char = i;code = 105
char = t;code = 116
char = y;code = 121
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char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = l;code = 108
char = l;code = 108
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = o;code = 111
char = f;code = 102
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = h;code = 104
char = u;code = 117
char = m;code = 109
char = a;code = 97
char = n;code = 110
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char = c;code = 99
char = o;code = 111
char = l;code = 108
char = o;code = 111
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = c;code = 99
char = t;code = 116
char = a;code = 97
char = l;code = 108
char = ;code = 32
char = c;code = 99
char = a;code = 97
char = n;code = 110
char = c;code = 99
char = e;code = 101
char = r;code = 114
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char = c;code = 99
char = e;code = 101
char = l;code = 108
char = l;code = 108
char = ;code = 32
char = l;code = 108
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = e;code = 101
char = s;code = 115
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char = s;code = 115
char = t;code = 116
char = u;code = 117
char = d;code = 100
char = i;code = 105
char = e;code = 101
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = w;code = 119
char = i;code = 105
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = ;code = 32
char = I;code = 73
char = C;code = 67
char = 5;code = 53
char = 0;code = 48
char = ;code = 32
char = v;code = 118
char = a;code = 97
char = l;code = 108
char = u;code = 117
char = e;code = 101
char = s;code = 115
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char = r;code = 114
char = a;code = 97
char = n;code = 110
char = g;code = 103
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = g;code = 103
char = ;code = 32
char = b;code = 98
char = e;code = 101
char = t;code = 116
char = w;code = 119
char = e;code = 101
char = e;code = 101
char = n;code = 110
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char = 1;code = 49
char = 0;code = 48
char = .;code = 46
char = 2;code = 50
char = 6;code = 54
char = ;code = 32
char = m;code = 109
char = i;code = 105
char = c;code = 99
char = r;code = 114
char = o;code = 111
char = M;code = 77
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = n;code = 110
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = 1;code = 49
char = 3;code = 51
char = .;code = 46
char = 3;code = 51
char = 1;code = 49
char = ;code = 32
char = m;code = 109
char = i;code = 105
char = c;code = 99
char = r;code = 114
char = o;code = 111
char = M;code = 77
char = .;code = 46
char = ;code = 32
char = G;code = 71
char = O;code = 79
char = -;code = 45
char = Y;code = 89
char = 0;code = 48
char = 3;code = 51
char = 0;code = 48
char = ,;code = 44
char = ;code = 32
char = F;code = 70
char = L;code = 76
char = L;code = 76
char = L;code = 76
char = -;code = 45
char = 1;code = 49
char = 1;code = 49
char = ,;code = 44
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = n;code = 110
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = F;code = 70
char = L;code = 76
char = L;code = 76
char = L;code = 76
char = -;code = 45
char = 1;code = 49
char = 2;code = 50
char = ;code = 32
char = w;code = 119
char = e;code = 101
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
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char = m;code = 109
char = o;code = 111
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
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char = p;code = 112
char = o;code = 111
char = t;code = 116
char = e;code = 101
char = n;code = 110
char = t;code = 116
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = a;code = 97
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char = c;code = 99
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char = r;code = 114
char = c;code = 99
char = u;code = 117
char = m;code = 109
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
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char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = e;code = 101
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char = i;code = 105
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char = h;code = 104
char = i;code = 105
char = b;code = 98
char = i;code = 105
char = t;code = 116
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char = o;code = 111
char = n;code = 110
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char = o;code = 111
char = f;code = 102
char = ;code = 32
char = c;code = 99
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char = l;code = 108
char = l;code = 108
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char = v;code = 118
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char = a;code = 97
char = b;code = 98
char = i;code = 105
char = l;code = 108
char = i;code = 105
char = t;code = 116
char = y;code = 121
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char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
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char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = e;code = 101
char = s;code = 115
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char = e;code = 101
char = e;code = 101
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char = h;code = 104
char = u;code = 117
char = m;code = 109
char = a;code = 97
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char = c;code = 99
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char = a;code = 97
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char = c;code = 99
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char = l;code = 108
char = l;code = 108
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char = l;code = 108
char = i;code = 105
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char = s;code = 115
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char = w;code = 119
char = i;code = 105
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = ;code = 32
char = I;code = 73
char = C;code = 67
char = 5;code = 53
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char = ;code = 32
char = v;code = 118
char = a;code = 97
char = l;code = 108
char = u;code = 117
char = e;code = 101
char = s;code = 115
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char = r;code = 114
char = a;code = 97
char = n;code = 110
char = g;code = 103
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char = n;code = 110
char = g;code = 103
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char = b;code = 98
char = e;code = 101
char = t;code = 116
char = w;code = 119
char = e;code = 101
char = e;code = 101
char = n;code = 110
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char = 0;code = 48
char = .;code = 46
char = 5;code = 53
char = 1;code = 49
char = ;code = 32
char = m;code = 109
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char = c;code = 99
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char = o;code = 111
char = M;code = 77
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
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char = d;code = 100
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char = 4;code = 52
char = .;code = 46
char = 4;code = 52
char = 8;code = 56
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char = m;code = 109
char = i;code = 105
char = c;code = 99
char = r;code = 114
char = o;code = 111
char = M;code = 77
char = .;code = 46
char = ;code = 32
char = I;code = 73
char = n;code = 110
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char = a;code = 97
char = d;code = 100
char = d;code = 100
char = i;code = 105
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char = i;code = 105
char = o;code = 111
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char = ,;code = 44
char = ;code = 32
char = F;code = 70
char = L;code = 76
char = L;code = 76
char = L;code = 76
char = -;code = 45
char = 1;code = 49
char = 1;code = 49
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
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char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = F;code = 70
char = L;code = 76
char = L;code = 76
char = L;code = 76
char = -;code = 45
char = 1;code = 49
char = 2;code = 50
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char = e;code = 101
char = x;code = 120
char = h;code = 104
char = i;code = 105
char = b;code = 98
char = i;code = 105
char = t;code = 116
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char = l;code = 108
char = o;code = 111
char = w;code = 119
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = o;code = 111
char = x;code = 120
char = i;code = 105
char = c;code = 99
char = i;code = 105
char = t;code = 116
char = y;code = 121
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = o;code = 111
char = ;code = 32
char = W;code = 87
char = I;code = 73
char = -;code = 45
char = 3;code = 51
char = 8;code = 56
char = ;code = 32
char = n;code = 110
char = o;code = 111
char = r;code = 114
char = m;code = 109
char = a;code = 97
char = l;code = 108
char = ;code = 32
char = h;code = 104
char = u;code = 117
char = m;code = 109
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char = l;code = 108
char = u;code = 117
char = n;code = 110
char = g;code = 103
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char = f;code = 102
char = i;code = 105
char = b;code = 98
char = r;code = 114
char = o;code = 111
char = b;code = 98
char = l;code = 108
char = a;code = 97
char = s;code = 115
char = t;code = 116
char = s;code = 115
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char = w;code = 119
char = i;code = 105
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
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char = I;code = 73
char = C;code = 67
char = -;code = 45
char = 5;code = 53
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char = ;code = 32
char = v;code = 118
char = a;code = 97
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char = u;code = 117
char = e;code = 101
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char = e;code = 101
char = a;code = 97
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char = e;code = 101
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char = t;code = 116
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char = a;code = 97
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char = 1;code = 49
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char = 0;code = 48
char = 0;code = 48
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char = c;code = 99
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char = M;code = 77
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char = G;code = 71
char = O;code = 79
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char = Y;code = 89
char = 0;code = 48
char = 3;code = 51
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char = F;code = 70
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char = L;code = 76
char = L;code = 76
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char = a;code = 97
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char = F;code = 70
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char = L;code = 76
char = L;code = 76
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char = o;code = 111
char = f;code = 102
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
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char = s;code = 115
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char = a;code = 97
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char = b;code = 98
char = y;code = 121
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char = c;code = 99
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char = e;code = 101
char = a;code = 97
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char = e;code = 101
char = d;code = 100
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char = P;code = 80
char = A;code = 65
char = R;code = 82
char = P;code = 80
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
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char = ;code = 32
char = c;code = 99
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char = s;code = 115
char = p;code = 112
char = a;code = 97
char = s;code = 115
char = e;code = 101
char = -;code = 45
char = 3;code = 51
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char = i;code = 105
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char = a;code = 97
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char = u;code = 117
char = m;code = 109
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char = i;code = 105
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char = s;code = 115
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char = s;code = 115
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char = u;code = 117
char = d;code = 100
char = i;code = 105
char = e;code = 101
char = d;code = 100
char = .;code = 46
char = <;code = 60
char = b;code = 98
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char = >;code = 62
char = <;code = 60
char = b;code = 98
char = r;code = 114
char = /;code = 47
char = >;code = 62
char = <;code = 60
char = b;code = 98
char = >;code = 62
char = C;code = 67
char = O;code = 79
char = N;code = 78
char = C;code = 67
char = L;code = 76
char = U;code = 85
char = S;code = 83
char = I;code = 73
char = O;code = 79
char = N;code = 78
char = ;code = 32
char = :;code = 58
char = ;code = 32
char = <;code = 60
char = /;code = 47
char = b;code = 98
char = >;code = 62
char = T;code = 84
char = h;code = 104
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = s;code = 115
char = u;code = 117
char = l;code = 108
char = t;code = 116
char = s;code = 115
char = ;code = 32
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = d;code = 100
char = i;code = 105
char = c;code = 99
char = a;code = 97
char = t;code = 116
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = a;code = 97
char = t;code = 116
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = c;code = 99
char = u;code = 117
char = r;code = 114
char = c;code = 99
char = u;code = 117
char = m;code = 109
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
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char = l;code = 108
char = o;code = 111
char = g;code = 103
char = u;code = 117
char = e;code = 101
char = s;code = 115
char = ;code = 32
char = s;code = 115
char = t;code = 116
char = u;code = 117
char = d;code = 100
char = i;code = 105
char = e;code = 101
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = e;code = 101
char = x;code = 120
char = h;code = 104
char = i;code = 105
char = b;code = 98
char = i;code = 105
char = t;code = 116
char = ;code = 32
char = m;code = 109
char = o;code = 111
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = p;code = 112
char = o;code = 111
char = t;code = 116
char = e;code = 101
char = n;code = 110
char = t;code = 116
char = ;code = 32
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = h;code = 104
char = i;code = 105
char = b;code = 98
char = i;code = 105
char = t;code = 116
char = o;code = 111
char = r;code = 114
char = y;code = 121
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = c;code = 99
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = v;code = 118
char = i;code = 105
char = t;code = 116
char = y;code = 121
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = a;code = 97
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
char = c;code = 99
char = u;code = 117
char = r;code = 114
char = c;code = 99
char = u;code = 117
char = m;code = 109
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
char = h;code = 104
char = u;code = 117
char = m;code = 109
char = a;code = 97
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
char = c;code = 99
char = o;code = 111
char = l;code = 108
char = o;code = 111
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = c;code = 99
char = t;code = 116
char = a;code = 97
char = l;code = 108
char = ;code = 32
char = c;code = 99
char = a;code = 97
char = n;code = 110
char = c;code = 99
char = e;code = 101
char = r;code = 114
char = ;code = 32
char = c;code = 99
char = e;code = 101
char = l;code = 108
char = l;code = 108
char = s;code = 115
char = .;code = 46
char = ;code = 32
char = T;code = 84
char = h;code = 104
char = u;code = 117
char = s;code = 115
char = ,;code = 44
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = e;code = 101
char = y;code = 121
char = ;code = 32
char = m;code = 109
char = a;code = 97
char = y;code = 121
char = ;code = 32
char = h;code = 104
char = a;code = 97
char = v;code = 118
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = r;code = 114
char = a;code = 97
char = n;code = 110
char = s;code = 115
char = l;code = 108
char = a;code = 97
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = o;code = 111
char = n;code = 110
char = a;code = 97
char = l;code = 108
char = ;code = 32
char = p;code = 112
char = o;code = 111
char = t;code = 116
char = e;code = 101
char = n;code = 110
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = a;code = 97
char = l;code = 108
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = s;code = 115
char = ;code = 32
char = c;code = 99
char = h;code = 104
char = e;code = 101
char = m;code = 109
char = o;code = 111
char = p;code = 112
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = v;code = 118
char = e;code = 101
char = n;code = 110
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = v;code = 118
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = o;code = 111
char = r;code = 114
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = e;code = 101
char = r;code = 114
char = a;code = 97
char = p;code = 112
char = e;code = 101
char = u;code = 117
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = c;code = 99
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = g;code = 103
char = e;code = 101
char = n;code = 110
char = t;code = 116
char = s;code = 115
char = ;code = 32
char = f;code = 102
char = o;code = 111
char = r;code = 114
char = ;code = 32
char = c;code = 99
char = o;code = 111
char = l;code = 108
char = o;code = 111
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = c;code = 99
char = t;code = 116
char = a;code = 97
char = l;code = 108
char = ;code = 32
char = c;code = 99
char = a;code = 97
char = r;code = 114
char = c;code = 99
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = o;code = 111
char = m;code = 109
char = a;code = 97
char = .;code = 46
result sql = BACKGROUND : Colorectal carcinoma is one of the major causes of morbidity and mortality in the Western World. Novel therapeutic approaches are needed for colorectal carcinoma. Curcumin, the active component and yellow pigment of turmeric, has been reported to have several anti-cancer activities including anti-proliferation, anti-invasion, and anti-angiogenesis. Clinical trials have suggested that curcumin may serve as a potential preventive or therapeutic agent for colorectal cancer.

METHODS : We compared the inhibitory effects of curcumin and novel structural analogues, GO-Y030, FLLL-11, and FLLL-12, in three independent human colorectal cancer cell lines, SW480, HT-29, and HCT116. MTT cell viability assay was used to examine the cell viability/proliferation and western blots were used to determine the level of PARP cleavages. Half-Maximal inhibitory concentrations (IC50) were calculated using Sigma Plot 9.0 software.

RESULTS : Curcumin inhibited cell viability in all three of the human colorectal cancer cell lines studied with IC50 values ranging between 10.26 microM and 13.31 microM. GO-Y030, FLLL-11, and FLLL-12 were more potent than curcumin in the inhibition of cell viability in these three human colorectal cancer cell lines with IC50 values ranging between 0.51 microM and 4.48 microM. In addition, FLLL-11 and FLLL-12 exhibit low toxicity to WI-38 normal human lung fibroblasts with an IC-50 value greater than 1,000 microM. GO-Y030, FLLL-11, and FLLL-12 are also more potent than curcumin in the induction of apoptosis, as evidenced by cleaved PARP and cleaved caspase-3 in all three human colorectal cancer cell lines studied.

CONCLUSION : The results indicate that the three curcumin analogues studied exhibit more potent inhibitory activity than curcumin in human colorectal cancer cells. Thus, they may have translational potential as chemopreventive or therapeutic agents for colorectal carcinoma.

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