char = E;code = 69 char = s;code = 115 char = t;code = 116 char = i;code = 105 char = m;code = 109 char = a;code = 97 char = t;code = 116 char = i;code = 105 char = o;code = 111 char = n;code = 110 char = s;code = 115 char = ;code = 32 char = o;code = 111 char = f;code = 102 char = ;code = 32 char = g;code = 103 char = l;code = 108 char = o;code = 111 char = b;code = 98 char = a;code = 97 char = l;code = 108 char = ;code = 32 char = w;code = 119 char = a;code = 97 char = r;code = 114 char = m;code = 109 char = i;code = 105 char = n;code = 110 char = g;code = 103 char = ;code = 32 char = p;code = 112 char = o;code = 111 char = t;code = 116 char = e;code = 101 char = n;code = 110 char = t;code = 116 char = i;code = 105 char = a;code = 97 char = l;code = 108 char = s;code = 115 char = ;code = 32 char = f;code = 102 char = r;code = 114 char = o;code = 111 char = m;code = 109 char = ;code = 32 char = c;code = 99 char = o;code = 111 char = m;code = 109 char = p;code = 112 char = u;code = 117 char = t;code = 116 char = a;code = 97 char = t;code = 116 char = i;code = 105 char = o;code = 111 char = n;code = 110 char = a;code = 97 char = l;code = 108 char = ;code = 32 char = c;code = 99 char = h;code = 104 char = e;code = 101 char = m;code = 109 char = i;code = 105 char = s;code = 115 char = t;code = 116 char = r;code = 114 char = y;code = 121 char = ;code = 32 char = c;code = 99 char = a;code = 97 char = l;code = 108 char = c;code = 99 char = u;code = 117 char = l;code = 108 char = a;code = 97 char = t;code = 116 char = i;code = 105 char = o;code = 111 char = n;code = 110 char = s;code = 115 char = ;code = 32 char = f;code = 102 char = o;code = 111 char = r;code = 114 char = ;code = 32 char = C;code = 67 char = H;code = 72 char = (;code = 40 char = 2;code = 50 char = );code = 41 char = F;code = 70 char = (;code = 40 char = 2;code = 50 char = );code = 41 char = ;code = 32 char = a;code = 97 char = n;code = 110 char = d;code = 100 char = ;code = 32 char = o;code = 111 char = t;code = 116 char = h;code = 104 char = e;code = 101 char = r;code = 114 char = ;code = 32 char = f;code = 102 char = l;code = 108 char = u;code = 117 char = o;code = 111 char = r;code = 114 char = i;code = 105 char = n;code = 110 char = a;code = 97 char = t;code = 116 char = e;code = 101 char = d;code = 100 char = ;code = 32 char = m;code = 109 char = e;code = 101 char = t;code = 116 char = h;code = 104 char = y;code = 121 char = l;code = 108 char = ;code = 32 char = s;code = 115 char = p;code = 112 char = e;code = 101 char = c;code = 99 char = i;code = 105 char = e;code = 101 char = s;code = 115 char = ;code = 32 char = v;code = 118 char = e;code = 101 char = r;code = 114 char = i;code = 105 char = f;code = 102 char = i;code = 105 char = e;code = 101 char = d;code = 100 char = ;code = 32 char = b;code = 98 char = y;code = 121 char = ;code = 32 char = c;code = 99 char = o;code = 111 char = m;code = 109 char = p;code = 112 char = a;code = 97 char = r;code = 114 char = i;code = 105 char = s;code = 115 char = o;code = 111 char = n;code = 110 char = ;code = 32 char = t;code = 116 char = o;code = 111 char = ;code = 32 char = e;code = 101 char = x;code = 120 char = p;code = 112 char = e;code = 101 char = r;code = 114 char = i;code = 105 char = m;code = 109 char = e;code = 101 char = n;code = 110 char = t;code = 116 char = .;code = 46 result sql = Estimations of global warming potentials from computational chemistry calculations for CH(2)F(2) and other fluorinated methyl species verified by comparison to experiment.
Estimations of global warming potentials from computational chemistry calculations for CH(2)F(2) and other fluorinated methyl species verified by comparison to experiment.char = I;code = 73 char = n;code = 110 char = ;code = 32 char = t;code = 116 char = h;code = 104 char = i;code = 105 char = s;code = 115 char = ;code = 32 char = w;code = 119 char = o;code = 111 char = r;code = 114 char = k;code = 107 char = ,;code = 44 char = ;code = 32 char = t;code = 116 char = h;code = 104 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = g;code = 103 char = l;code = 108 char = o;code = 111 char = b;code = 98 char = a;code = 97 char = l;code = 108 char = ;code = 32 char = w;code = 119 char = a;code = 97 char = r;code = 114 char = m;code = 109 char = i;code = 105 char = n;code = 110 char = g;code = 103 char = ;code = 32 char = p;code = 112 char = o;code = 111 char = t;code = 116 char = e;code = 101 char = n;code = 110 char = t;code = 116 char = i;code = 105 char = a;code = 97 char = l;code = 108 char = ;code = 32 char = (;code = 40 char = G;code = 71 char = W;code = 87 char = P;code = 80 char = );code = 41 char = ;code = 32 char = o;code = 111 char = f;code = 102 char = ;code = 32 char = m;code = 109 char = e;code = 101 char = t;code = 116 char = h;code = 104 char = y;code = 121 char = l;code = 108 char = e;code = 101 char = n;code = 110 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = f;code = 102 char = l;code = 108 char = u;code = 117 char = o;code = 111 char = r;code = 114 char = i;code = 105 char = d;code = 100 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = (;code = 40 char = C;code = 67 char = H;code = 72 char = (;code = 40 char = 2;code = 50 char = );code = 41 char = F;code = 70 char = (;code = 40 char = 2;code = 50 char = );code = 41 char = );code = 41 char = ,;code = 44 char = ;code = 32 char = o;code = 111 char = r;code = 114 char = ;code = 32 char = H;code = 72 char = F;code = 70 char = C;code = 67 char = -;code = 45 char = 3;code = 51 char = 2;code = 50 char = ,;code = 44 char = ;code = 32 char = i;code = 105 char = s;code = 115 char = ;code = 32 char = e;code = 101 char = s;code = 115 char = t;code = 116 char = i;code = 105 char = m;code = 109 char = a;code = 97 char = t;code = 116 char = e;code = 101 char = d;code = 100 char = ;code = 32 char = t;code = 116 char = h;code = 104 char = r;code = 114 char = o;code = 111 char = u;code = 117 char = g;code = 103 char = h;code = 104 char = ;code = 32 char = c;code = 99 char = o;code = 111 char = m;code = 109 char = p;code = 112 char = u;code = 117 char = t;code = 116 char = a;code = 97 char = t;code = 116 char = i;code = 105 char = o;code = 111 char = n;code = 110 char = a;code = 97 char = l;code = 108 char = ;code = 32 char = c;code = 99 char = h;code = 104 char = e;code = 101 char = m;code = 109 char = i;code = 105 char = s;code = 115 char = t;code = 116 char = r;code = 114 char = y;code = 121 char = ;code = 32 char = m;code = 109 char = e;code = 101 char = t;code = 116 char = h;code = 104 char = o;code = 111 char = d;code = 100 char = s;code = 115 char = .;code = 46 char = ;code = 32 char = W;code = 87 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = f;code = 102 char = i;code = 105 char = n;code = 110 char = d;code = 100 char = ;code = 32 char = o;code = 111 char = u;code = 117 char = r;code = 114 char = ;code = 32 char = c;code = 99 char = o;code = 111 char = m;code = 109 char = p;code = 112 char = u;code = 117 char = t;code = 116 char = a;code = 97 char = t;code = 116 char = i;code = 105 char = o;code = 111 char = n;code = 110 char = a;code = 97 char = l;code = 108 char = ;code = 32 char = c;code = 99 char = h;code = 104 char = e;code = 101 char = m;code = 109 char = i;code = 105 char = s;code = 115 char = t;code = 116 char = r;code = 114 char = y;code = 121 char = ;code = 32 char = a;code = 97 char = p;code = 112 char = p;code = 112 char = r;code = 114 char = o;code = 111 char = a;code = 97 char = c;code = 99 char = h;code = 104 char = ;code = 32 char = r;code = 114 char = e;code = 101 char = p;code = 112 char = r;code = 114 char = o;code = 111 char = d;code = 100 char = u;code = 117 char = c;code = 99 char = e;code = 101 char = s;code = 115 char = ;code = 32 char = w;code = 119 char = e;code = 101 char = l;code = 108 char = l;code = 108 char = ;code = 32 char = a;code = 97 char = l;code = 108 char = l;code = 108 char = ;code = 32 char = p;code = 112 char = h;code = 104 char = e;code = 101 char = n;code = 110 char = o;code = 111 char = m;code = 109 char = e;code = 101 char = n;code = 110 char = a;code = 97 char = ;code = 32 char = i;code = 105 char = m;code = 109 char = p;code = 112 char = o;code = 111 char = r;code = 114 char = t;code = 116 char = a;code = 97 char = n;code = 110 char = t;code = 116 char = ;code = 32 char = f;code = 102 char = o;code = 111 char = r;code = 114 char = ;code = 32 char = p;code = 112 char = r;code = 114 char = e;code = 101 char = d;code = 100 char = i;code = 105 char = c;code = 99 char = t;code = 116 char = i;code = 105 char = n;code = 110 char = g;code = 103 char = ;code = 32 char = g;code = 103 char = l;code = 108 char = o;code = 111 char = b;code = 98 char = a;code = 97 char = l;code = 108 char = ;code = 32 char = w;code = 119 char = a;code = 97 char = r;code = 114 char = m;code = 109 char = i;code = 105 char = n;code = 110 char = g;code = 103 char = ;code = 32 char = p;code = 112 char = o;code = 111 char = t;code = 116 char = e;code = 101 char = n;code = 110 char = t;code = 116 char = i;code = 105 char = a;code = 97 char = l;code = 108 char = s;code = 115 char = .;code = 46 char = ;code = 32 char = G;code = 71 char = e;code = 101 char = o;code = 111 char = m;code = 109 char = e;code = 101 char = t;code = 116 char = r;code = 114 char = i;code = 105 char = e;code = 101 char = s;code = 115 char = ;code = 32 char = p;code = 112 char = r;code = 114 char = e;code = 101 char = d;code = 100 char = i;code = 105 char = c;code = 99 char = t;code = 116 char = e;code = 101 char = d;code = 100 char = ;code = 32 char = u;code = 117 char = s;code = 115 char = i;code = 105 char = n;code = 110 char = g;code = 103 char = ;code = 32 char = t;code = 116 char = h;code = 104 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = B;code = 66 char = 3;code = 51 char = L;code = 76 char = Y;code = 89 char = P;code = 80 char = /;code = 47 char = 6;code = 54 char = -;code = 45 char = 3;code = 51 char = 1;code = 49 char = 1;code = 49 char = g;code = 103 char = *;code = 42 char = *;code = 42 char = ;code = 32 char = m;code = 109 char = e;code = 101 char = t;code = 116 char = h;code = 104 char = o;code = 111 char = d;code = 100 char = ;code = 32 char = w;code = 119 char = e;code = 101 char = r;code = 114 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = i;code = 105 char = n;code = 110 char = ;code = 32 char = g;code = 103 char = o;code = 111 char = o;code = 111 char = d;code = 100 char = ;code = 32 char = a;code = 97 char = g;code = 103 char = r;code = 114 char = e;code = 101 char = e;code = 101 char = m;code = 109 char = e;code = 101 char = n;code = 110 char = t;code = 116 char = ;code = 32 char = w;code = 119 char = i;code = 105 char = t;code = 116 char = h;code = 104 char = ;code = 32 char = e;code = 101 char = x;code = 120 char = p;code = 112 char = e;code = 101 char = r;code = 114 char = i;code = 105 char = m;code = 109 char = e;code = 101 char = n;code = 110 char = t;code = 116 char = ,;code = 44 char = ;code = 32 char = a;code = 97 char = l;code = 108 char = t;code = 116 char = h;code = 104 char = o;code = 111 char = u;code = 117 char = g;code = 103 char = h;code = 104 char = ;code = 32 char = s;code = 115 char = o;code = 111 char = m;code = 109 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = o;code = 111 char = t;code = 116 char = h;code = 104 char = e;code = 101 char = r;code = 114 char = ;code = 32 char = c;code = 99 char = o;code = 111 char = m;code = 109 char = p;code = 112 char = u;code = 117 char = t;code = 116 char = a;code = 97 char = t;code = 116 char = i;code = 105 char = o;code = 111 char = n;code = 110 char = a;code = 97 char = l;code = 108 char = ;code = 32 char = m;code = 109 char = e;code = 101 char = t;code = 116 char = h;code = 104 char = o;code = 111 char = d;code = 100 char = s;code = 115 char = ;code = 32 char = p;code = 112 char = e;code = 101 char = r;code = 114 char = f;code = 102 char = o;code = 111 char = r;code = 114 char = m;code = 109 char = e;code = 101 char = d;code = 100 char = ;code = 32 char = s;code = 115 char = l;code = 108 char = i;code = 105 char = g;code = 103 char = h;code = 104 char = t;code = 116 char = l;code = 108 char = y;code = 121 char = ;code = 32 char = b;code = 98 char = e;code = 101 char = t;code = 116 char = t;code = 116 char = e;code = 101 char = r;code = 114 char = .;code = 46 char = ;code = 32 char = F;code = 70 char = r;code = 114 char = e;code = 101 char = q;code = 113 char = u;code = 117 char = e;code = 101 char = n;code = 110 char = c;code = 99 char = i;code = 105 char = e;code = 101 char = s;code = 115 char = ;code = 32 char = n;code = 110 char = e;code = 101 char = e;code = 101 char = d;code = 100 char = e;code = 101 char = d;code = 100 char = ;code = 32 char = f;code = 102 char = o;code = 111 char = r;code = 114 char = ;code = 32 char = b;code = 98 char = o;code = 111 char = t;code = 116 char = h;code = 104 char = ;code = 32 char = p;code = 112 char = a;code = 97 char = r;code = 114 char = t;code = 116 char = i;code = 105 char = t;code = 116 char = i;code = 105 char = o;code = 111 char = n;code = 110 char = ;code = 32 char = f;code = 102 char = u;code = 117 char = n;code = 110 char = c;code = 99 char = t;code = 116 char = i;code = 105 char = o;code = 111 char = n;code = 110 char = ;code = 32 char = c;code = 99 char = a;code = 97 char = l;code = 108 char = c;code = 99 char = u;code = 117 char = l;code = 108 char = a;code = 97 char = t;code = 116 char = i;code = 105 char = o;code = 111 char = n;code = 110 char = s;code = 115 char = ;code = 32 char = i;code = 105 char = n;code = 110 char = ;code = 32 char = t;code = 116 char = r;code = 114 char = a;code = 97 char = n;code = 110 char = s;code = 115 char = i;code = 105 char = t;code = 116 char = i;code = 105 char = o;code = 111 char = n;code = 110 char = -;code = 45 char = s;code = 115 char = t;code = 116 char = a;code = 97 char = t;code = 116 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = t;code = 116 char = h;code = 104 char = e;code = 101 char = o;code = 111 char = r;code = 114 char = y;code = 121 char = ;code = 32 char = a;code = 97 char = n;code = 110 char = d;code = 100 char = ;code = 32 char = i;code = 105 char = n;code = 110 char = f;code = 102 char = r;code = 114 char = a;code = 97 char = r;code = 114 char = e;code = 101 char = d;code = 100 char = ;code = 32 char = i;code = 105 char = n;code = 110 char = t;code = 116 char = e;code = 101 char = n;code = 110 char = s;code = 115 char = i;code = 105 char = t;code = 116 char = i;code = 105 char = e;code = 101 char = s;code = 115 char = ;code = 32 char = n;code = 110 char = e;code = 101 char = e;code = 101 char = d;code = 100 char = e;code = 101 char = d;code = 100 char = ;code = 32 char = f;code = 102 char = o;code = 111 char = r;code = 114 char = ;code = 32 char = r;code = 114 char = a;code = 97 char = d;code = 100 char = i;code = 105 char = a;code = 97 char = t;code = 116 char = i;code = 105 char = v;code = 118 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = f;code = 102 char = o;code = 111 char = r;code = 114 char = c;code = 99 char = i;code = 105 char = n;code = 110 char = g;code = 103 char = ;code = 32 char = e;code = 101 char = s;code = 115 char = t;code = 116 char = i;code = 105 char = m;code = 109 char = a;code = 97 char = t;code = 116 char = e;code = 101 char = s;code = 115 char = ;code = 32 char = a;code = 97 char = g;code = 103 char = r;code = 114 char = e;code = 101 char = e;code = 101 char = d;code = 100 char = ;code = 32 char = w;code = 119 char = e;code = 101 char = l;code = 108 char = l;code = 108 char = ;code = 32 char = w;code = 119 char = i;code = 105 char = t;code = 116 char = h;code = 104 char = ;code = 32 char = e;code = 101 char = x;code = 120 char = p;code = 112 char = e;code = 101 char = r;code = 114 char = i;code = 105 char = m;code = 109 char = e;code = 101 char = n;code = 110 char = t;code = 116 char = ;code = 32 char = c;code = 99 char = o;code = 111 char = m;code = 109 char = p;code = 112 char = a;code = 97 char = r;code = 114 char = e;code = 101 char = d;code = 100 char = ;code = 32 char = t;code = 116 char = o;code = 111 char = ;code = 32 char = o;code = 111 char = t;code = 116 char = h;code = 104 char = e;code = 101 char = r;code = 114 char = ;code = 32 char = c;code = 99 char = o;code = 111 char = m;code = 109 char = p;code = 112 char = u;code = 117 char = t;code = 116 char = a;code = 97 char = t;code = 116 char = i;code = 105 char = o;code = 111 char = n;code = 110 char = a;code = 97 char = l;code = 108 char = ;code = 32 char = m;code = 109 char = e;code = 101 char = t;code = 116 char = h;code = 104 char = o;code = 111 char = d;code = 100 char = s;code = 115 char = .;code = 46 char = ;code = 32 char = A;code = 65 char = ;code = 32 char = m;code = 109 char = o;code = 111 char = d;code = 100 char = i;code = 105 char = f;code = 102 char = i;code = 105 char = e;code = 101 char = d;code = 100 char = ;code = 32 char = C;code = 67 char = B;code = 66 char = S;code = 83 char = -;code = 45 char = R;code = 82 char = A;code = 65 char = D;code = 68 char = ;code = 32 char = m;code = 109 char = e;code = 101 char = t;code = 116 char = h;code = 104 char = o;code = 111 char = d;code = 100 char = ;code = 32 char = u;code = 117 char = s;code = 115 char = e;code = 101 char = d;code = 100 char = ;code = 32 char = t;code = 116 char = o;code = 111 char = ;code = 32 char = o;code = 111 char = b;code = 98 char = t;code = 116 char = a;code = 97 char = i;code = 105 char = n;code = 110 char = ;code = 32 char = e;code = 101 char = n;code = 110 char = e;code = 101 char = r;code = 114 char = g;code = 103 char = i;code = 105 char = e;code = 101 char = s;code = 115 char = ;code = 32 char = l;code = 108 char = e;code = 101 char = d;code = 100 char = ;code = 32 char = t;code = 116 char = o;code = 111 char = ;code = 32 char = s;code = 115 char = u;code = 117 char = p;code = 112 char = e;code = 101 char = r;code = 114 char = i;code = 105 char = o;code = 111 char = r;code = 114 char = ;code = 32 char = r;code = 114 char = e;code = 101 char = s;code = 115 char = u;code = 117 char = l;code = 108 char = t;code = 116 char = s;code = 115 char = ;code = 32 char = t;code = 116 char = o;code = 111 char = ;code = 32 char = a;code = 97 char = l;code = 108 char = l;code = 108 char = ;code = 32 char = o;code = 111 char = t;code = 116 char = h;code = 104 char = e;code = 101 char = r;code = 114 char = ;code = 32 char = p;code = 112 char = r;code = 114 char = e;code = 101 char = v;code = 118 char = i;code = 105 char = o;code = 111 char = u;code = 117 char = s;code = 115 char = ;code = 32 char = h;code = 104 char = e;code = 101 char = a;code = 97 char = t;code = 116 char = ;code = 32 char = o;code = 111 char = f;code = 102 char = ;code = 32 char = r;code = 114 char = e;code = 101 char = a;code = 97 char = c;code = 99 char = t;code = 116 char = i;code = 105 char = o;code = 111 char = n;code = 110 char = ;code = 32 char = e;code = 101 char = s;code = 115 char = t;code = 116 char = i;code = 105 char = m;code = 109 char = a;code = 97 char = t;code = 116 char = e;code = 101 char = s;code = 115 char = ;code = 32 char = a;code = 97 char = n;code = 110 char = d;code = 100 char = ;code = 32 char = m;code = 109 char = o;code = 111 char = s;code = 115 char = t;code = 116 char = ;code = 32 char = b;code = 98 char = a;code = 97 char = r;code = 114 char = r;code = 114 char = i;code = 105 char = e;code = 101 char = r;code = 114 char = ;code = 32 char = h;code = 104 char = e;code = 101 char = i;code = 105 char = g;code = 103 char = h;code = 104 char = t;code = 116 char = ;code = 32 char = c;code = 99 char = a;code = 97 char = l;code = 108 char = c;code = 99 char = u;code = 117 char = l;code = 108 char = a;code = 97 char = t;code = 116 char = i;code = 105 char = o;code = 111 char = n;code = 110 char = s;code = 115 char = ;code = 32 char = w;code = 119 char = h;code = 104 char = e;code = 101 char = n;code = 110 char = ;code = 32 char = t;code = 116 char = h;code = 104 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = B;code = 66 char = 3;code = 51 char = L;code = 76 char = Y;code = 89 char = P;code = 80 char = /;code = 47 char = 6;code = 54 char = -;code = 45 char = 3;code = 51 char = 1;code = 49 char = 1;code = 49 char = g;code = 103 char = *;code = 42 char = *;code = 42 char = ;code = 32 char = o;code = 111 char = p;code = 112 char = t;code = 116 char = i;code = 105 char = m;code = 109 char = i;code = 105 char = z;code = 122 char = e;code = 101 char = d;code = 100 char = ;code = 32 char = g;code = 103 char = e;code = 101 char = o;code = 111 char = m;code = 109 char = e;code = 101 char = t;code = 116 char = r;code = 114 char = y;code = 121 char = ;code = 32 char = w;code = 119 char = a;code = 97 char = s;code = 115 char = ;code = 32 char = u;code = 117 char = s;code = 115 char = e;code = 101 char = d;code = 100 char = ;code = 32 char = a;code = 97 char = s;code = 115 char = ;code = 32 char = t;code = 116 char = h;code = 104 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = b;code = 98 char = a;code = 97 char = s;code = 115 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = s;code = 115 char = t;code = 116 char = r;code = 114 char = u;code = 117 char = c;code = 99 char = t;code = 116 char = u;code = 117 char = r;code = 114 char = e;code = 101 char = .;code = 46 char = ;code = 32 char = U;code = 85 char = s;code = 115 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = o;code = 111 char = f;code = 102 char = ;code = 32 char = t;code = 116 char = h;code = 104 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = s;code = 115 char = m;code = 109 char = a;code = 97 char = l;code = 108 char = l;code = 108 char = -;code = 45 char = c;code = 99 char = u;code = 117 char = r;code = 114 char = v;code = 118 char = a;code = 97 char = t;code = 116 char = u;code = 117 char = r;code = 114 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = t;code = 116 char = u;code = 117 char = n;code = 110 char = n;code = 110 char = e;code = 101 char = l;code = 108 char = i;code = 105 char = n;code = 110 char = g;code = 103 char = ;code = 32 char = c;code = 99 char = o;code = 111 char = r;code = 114 char = r;code = 114 char = e;code = 101 char = c;code = 99 char = t;code = 116 char = i;code = 105 char = o;code = 111 char = n;code = 110 char = ;code = 32 char = a;code = 97 char = n;code = 110 char = d;code = 100 char = ;code = 32 char = a;code = 97 char = ;code = 32 char = h;code = 104 char = i;code = 105 char = n;code = 110 char = d;code = 100 char = e;code = 101 char = r;code = 114 char = e;code = 101 char = d;code = 100 char = ;code = 32 char = r;code = 114 char = o;code = 111 char = t;code = 116 char = o;code = 111 char = r;code = 114 char = ;code = 32 char = t;code = 116 char = r;code = 114 char = e;code = 101 char = a;code = 97 char = t;code = 116 char = m;code = 109 char = e;code = 101 char = n;code = 110 char = t;code = 116 char = ;code = 32 char = w;code = 119 char = h;code = 104 char = e;code = 101 char = r;code = 114 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = a;code = 97 char = p;code = 112 char = p;code = 112 char = r;code = 114 char = o;code = 111 char = p;code = 112 char = r;code = 114 char = i;code = 105 char = a;code = 97 char = t;code = 116 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = l;code = 108 char = e;code = 101 char = d;code = 100 char = ;code = 32 char = t;code = 116 char = o;code = 111 char = ;code = 32 char = a;code = 97 char = c;code = 99 char = c;code = 99 char = u;code = 117 char = r;code = 114 char = a;code = 97 char = t;code = 116 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = r;code = 114 char = e;code = 101 char = a;code = 97 char = c;code = 99 char = t;code = 116 char = i;code = 105 char = o;code = 111 char = n;code = 110 char = ;code = 32 char = r;code = 114 char = a;code = 97 char = t;code = 116 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = c;code = 99 char = o;code = 111 char = n;code = 110 char = s;code = 115 char = t;code = 116 char = a;code = 97 char = n;code = 110 char = t;code = 116 char = s;code = 115 char = ;code = 32 char = a;code = 97 char = n;code = 110 char = d;code = 100 char = ;code = 32 char = r;code = 114 char = a;code = 97 char = d;code = 100 char = i;code = 105 char = a;code = 97 char = t;code = 116 char = i;code = 105 char = v;code = 118 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = f;code = 102 char = o;code = 111 char = r;code = 114 char = c;code = 99 char = i;code = 105 char = n;code = 110 char = g;code = 103 char = ;code = 32 char = e;code = 101 char = s;code = 115 char = t;code = 116 char = i;code = 105 char = m;code = 109 char = a;code = 97 char = t;code = 116 char = e;code = 101 char = s;code = 115 char = ;code = 32 char = w;code = 119 char = i;code = 105 char = t;code = 116 char = h;code = 104 char = o;code = 111 char = u;code = 117 char = t;code = 116 char = ;code = 32 char = r;code = 114 char = e;code = 101 char = q;code = 113 char = u;code = 117 char = i;code = 105 char = r;code = 114 char = i;code = 105 char = n;code = 110 char = g;code = 103 char = ;code = 32 char = a;code = 97 char = n;code = 110 char = y;code = 121 char = ;code = 32 char = e;code = 101 char = x;code = 120 char = p;code = 112 char = e;code = 101 char = r;code = 114 char = i;code = 105 char = m;code = 109 char = e;code = 101 char = n;code = 110 char = t;code = 116 char = a;code = 97 char = l;code = 108 char = ;code = 32 char = d;code = 100 char = a;code = 97 char = t;code = 116 char = a;code = 97 char = .;code = 46 char = ;code = 32 char = A;code = 65 char = t;code = 116 char = m;code = 109 char = o;code = 111 char = s;code = 115 char = p;code = 112 char = h;code = 104 char = e;code = 101 char = r;code = 114 char = i;code = 105 char = c;code = 99 char = ;code = 32 char = l;code = 108 char = i;code = 105 char = f;code = 102 char = e;code = 101 char = t;code = 116 char = i;code = 105 char = m;code = 109 char = e;code = 101 char = s;code = 115 char = ;code = 32 char = f;code = 102 char = r;code = 114 char = o;code = 111 char = m;code = 109 char = ;code = 32 char = t;code = 116 char = h;code = 104 char = e;code = 101 char = o;code = 111 char = r;code = 114 char = y;code = 121 char = ;code = 32 char = a;code = 97 char = t;code = 116 char = ;code = 32 char = 2;code = 50 char = 7;code = 55 char = 7;code = 55 char = ;code = 32 char = K;code = 75 char = ;code = 32 char = w;code = 119 char = e;code = 101 char = r;code = 114 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = i;code = 105 char = n;code = 110 char = d;code = 100 char = i;code = 105 char = s;code = 115 char = t;code = 116 char = i;code = 105 char = n;code = 110 char = g;code = 103 char = u;code = 117 char = i;code = 105 char = s;code = 115 char = h;code = 104 char = a;code = 97 char = b;code = 98 char = l;code = 108 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = f;code = 102 char = r;code = 114 char = o;code = 111 char = m;code = 109 char = ;code = 32 char = e;code = 101 char = x;code = 120 char = p;code = 112 char = e;code = 101 char = r;code = 114 char = i;code = 105 char = m;code = 109 char = e;code = 101 char = n;code = 110 char = t;code = 116 char = a;code = 97 char = l;code = 108 char = ;code = 32 char = r;code = 114 char = e;code = 101 char = s;code = 115 char = u;code = 117 char = l;code = 108 char = t;code = 116 char = s;code = 115 char = ,;code = 44 char = ;code = 32 char = a;code = 97 char = s;code = 115 char = ;code = 32 char = w;code = 119 char = e;code = 101 char = r;code = 114 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = t;code = 116 char = h;code = 104 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = f;code = 102 char = i;code = 105 char = n;code = 110 char = a;code = 97 char = l;code = 108 char = ;code = 32 char = g;code = 103 char = l;code = 108 char = o;code = 111 char = b;code = 98 char = a;code = 97 char = l;code = 108 char = ;code = 32 char = w;code = 119 char = a;code = 97 char = r;code = 114 char = m;code = 109 char = i;code = 105 char = n;code = 110 char = g;code = 103 char = ;code = 32 char = p;code = 112 char = o;code = 111 char = t;code = 116 char = e;code = 101 char = n;code = 110 char = t;code = 116 char = i;code = 105 char = a;code = 97 char = l;code = 108 char = s;code = 115 char = ;code = 32 char = c;code = 99 char = o;code = 111 char = m;code = 109 char = p;code = 112 char = a;code = 97 char = r;code = 114 char = e;code = 101 char = d;code = 100 char = ;code = 32 char = t;code = 116 char = o;code = 111 char = ;code = 32 char = e;code = 101 char = x;code = 120 char = p;code = 112 char = e;code = 101 char = r;code = 114 char = i;code = 105 char = m;code = 109 char = e;code = 101 char = n;code = 110 char = t;code = 116 char = .;code = 46 char = ;code = 32 char = T;code = 84 char = h;code = 104 char = i;code = 105 char = s;code = 115 char = ;code = 32 char = i;code = 105 char = s;code = 115 char = ;code = 32 char = t;code = 116 char = h;code = 104 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = f;code = 102 char = i;code = 105 char = r;code = 114 char = s;code = 115 char = t;code = 116 char = ;code = 32 char = t;code = 116 char = i;code = 105 char = m;code = 109 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = e;code = 101 char = n;code = 110 char = t;code = 116 char = i;code = 105 char = r;code = 114 char = e;code = 101 char = l;code = 108 char = y;code = 121 char = ;code = 32 char = c;code = 99 char = o;code = 111 char = m;code = 109 char = p;code = 112 char = u;code = 117 char = t;code = 116 char = a;code = 97 char = t;code = 116 char = i;code = 105 char = o;code = 111 char = n;code = 110 char = a;code = 97 char = l;code = 108 char = ;code = 32 char = m;code = 109 char = e;code = 101 char = t;code = 116 char = h;code = 104 char = o;code = 111 char = d;code = 100 char = s;code = 115 char = ;code = 32 char = h;code = 104 char = a;code = 97 char = v;code = 118 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = b;code = 98 char = e;code = 101 char = e;code = 101 char = n;code = 110 char = ;code = 32 char = a;code = 97 char = p;code = 112 char = p;code = 112 char = l;code = 108 char = i;code = 105 char = e;code = 101 char = d;code = 100 char = ;code = 32 char = t;code = 116 char = o;code = 111 char = ;code = 32 char = e;code = 101 char = s;code = 115 char = t;code = 116 char = i;code = 105 char = m;code = 109 char = a;code = 97 char = t;code = 116 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = a;code = 97 char = ;code = 32 char = g;code = 103 char = l;code = 108 char = o;code = 111 char = b;code = 98 char = a;code = 97 char = l;code = 108 char = ;code = 32 char = w;code = 119 char = a;code = 97 char = r;code = 114 char = m;code = 109 char = i;code = 105 char = n;code = 110 char = g;code = 103 char = ;code = 32 char = p;code = 112 char = o;code = 111 char = t;code = 116 char = e;code = 101 char = n;code = 110 char = t;code = 116 char = i;code = 105 char = a;code = 97 char = l;code = 108 char = ;code = 32 char = f;code = 102 char = o;code = 111 char = r;code = 114 char = ;code = 32 char = a;code = 97 char = ;code = 32 char = c;code = 99 char = h;code = 104 char = e;code = 101 char = m;code = 109 char = i;code = 105 char = c;code = 99 char = a;code = 97 char = l;code = 108 char = ,;code = 44 char = ;code = 32 char = a;code = 97 char = n;code = 110 char = d;code = 100 char = ;code = 32 char = w;code = 119 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = h;code = 104 char = a;code = 97 char = v;code = 118 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = f;code = 102 char = o;code = 111 char = u;code = 117 char = n;code = 110 char = d;code = 100 char = ;code = 32 char = t;code = 116 char = h;code = 104 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = a;code = 97 char = p;code = 112 char = p;code = 112 char = r;code = 114 char = o;code = 111 char = a;code = 97 char = c;code = 99 char = h;code = 104 char = ;code = 32 char = t;code = 116 char = o;code = 111 char = ;code = 32 char = b;code = 98 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = r;code = 114 char = o;code = 111 char = b;code = 98 char = u;code = 117 char = s;code = 115 char = t;code = 116 char = ,;code = 44 char = ;code = 32 char = i;code = 105 char = n;code = 110 char = e;code = 101 char = x;code = 120 char = p;code = 112 char = e;code = 101 char = n;code = 110 char = s;code = 115 char = i;code = 105 char = v;code = 118 char = e;code = 101 char = ,;code = 44 char = ;code = 32 char = a;code = 97 char = n;code = 110 char = d;code = 100 char = ;code = 32 char = a;code = 97 char = c;code = 99 char = c;code = 99 char = u;code = 117 char = r;code = 114 char = a;code = 97 char = t;code = 116 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = c;code = 99 char = o;code = 111 char = m;code = 109 char = p;code = 112 char = a;code = 97 char = r;code = 114 char = e;code = 101 char = d;code = 100 char = ;code = 32 char = t;code = 116 char = o;code = 111 char = ;code = 32 char = p;code = 112 char = r;code = 114 char = i;code = 105 char = o;code = 111 char = r;code = 114 char = ;code = 32 char = e;code = 101 char = x;code = 120 char = p;code = 112 char = e;code = 101 char = r;code = 114 char = i;code = 105 char = m;code = 109 char = e;code = 101 char = n;code = 110 char = t;code = 116 char = a;code = 97 char = l;code = 108 char = ;code = 32 char = r;code = 114 char = e;code = 101 char = s;code = 115 char = u;code = 117 char = l;code = 108 char = t;code = 116 char = s;code = 115 char = .;code = 46 char = ;code = 32 char = T;code = 84 char = h;code = 104 char = i;code = 105 char = s;code = 115 char = ;code = 32 char = m;code = 109 char = e;code = 101 char = t;code = 116 char = h;code = 104 char = o;code = 111 char = d;code = 100 char = o;code = 111 char = l;code = 108 char = o;code = 111 char = g;code = 103 char = y;code = 121 char = ;code = 32 char = w;code = 119 char = a;code = 97 char = s;code = 115 char = ;code = 32 char = s;code = 115 char = u;code = 117 char = b;code = 98 char = s;code = 115 char = e;code = 101 char = q;code = 113 char = u;code = 117 char = e;code = 101 char = n;code = 110 char = t;code = 116 char = l;code = 108 char = y;code = 121 char = ;code = 32 char = u;code = 117 char = s;code = 115 char = e;code = 101 char = d;code = 100 char = ;code = 32 char = t;code = 116 char = o;code = 111 char = ;code = 32 char = e;code = 101 char = s;code = 115 char = t;code = 116 char = i;code = 105 char = m;code = 109 char = a;code = 97 char = t;code = 116 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = G;code = 71 char = W;code = 87 char = P;code = 80 char = s;code = 115 char = ;code = 32 char = f;code = 102 char = o;code = 111 char = r;code = 114 char = ;code = 32 char = t;code = 116 char = h;code = 104 char = r;code = 114 char = e;code = 101 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = a;code = 97 char = d;code = 100 char = d;code = 100 char = i;code = 105 char = t;code = 116 char = i;code = 105 char = o;code = 111 char = n;code = 110 char = a;code = 97 char = l;code = 108 char = ;code = 32 char = s;code = 115 char = p;code = 112 char = e;code = 101 char = c;code = 99 char = i;code = 105 char = e;code = 101 char = s;code = 115 char = ;code = 32 char = [;code = 91 char = m;code = 109 char = e;code = 101 char = t;code = 116 char = h;code = 104 char = a;code = 97 char = n;code = 110 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = (;code = 40 char = C;code = 67 char = H;code = 72 char = (;code = 40 char = 4;code = 52 char = );code = 41 char = );code = 41 char = ;;code = 59 char = ;code = 32 char = f;code = 102 char = l;code = 108 char = u;code = 117 char = o;code = 111 char = r;code = 114 char = o;code = 111 char = m;code = 109 char = e;code = 101 char = t;code = 116 char = h;code = 104 char = a;code = 97 char = n;code = 110 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = (;code = 40 char = C;code = 67 char = H;code = 72 char = (;code = 40 char = 3;code = 51 char = );code = 41 char = F;code = 70 char = );code = 41 char = ,;code = 44 char = ;code = 32 char = o;code = 111 char = r;code = 114 char = ;code = 32 char = H;code = 72 char = F;code = 70 char = C;code = 67 char = -;code = 45 char = 4;code = 52 char = 1;code = 49 char = ;;code = 59 char = ;code = 32 char = a;code = 97 char = n;code = 110 char = d;code = 100 char = ;code = 32 char = f;code = 102 char = l;code = 108 char = u;code = 117 char = o;code = 111 char = r;code = 114 char = o;code = 111 char = f;code = 102 char = o;code = 111 char = r;code = 114 char = m;code = 109 char = ;code = 32 char = (;code = 40 char = C;code = 67 char = H;code = 72 char = F;code = 70 char = (;code = 40 char = 3;code = 51 char = );code = 41 char = );code = 41 char = ,;code = 44 char = ;code = 32 char = o;code = 111 char = r;code = 114 char = ;code = 32 char = H;code = 72 char = F;code = 70 char = C;code = 67 char = -;code = 45 char = 2;code = 50 char = 3;code = 51 char = ];code = 93 char = ,;code = 44 char = ;code = 32 char = w;code = 119 char = h;code = 104 char = e;code = 101 char = r;code = 114 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = e;code = 101 char = s;code = 115 char = t;code = 116 char = i;code = 105 char = m;code = 109 char = a;code = 97 char = t;code = 116 char = i;code = 105 char = o;code = 111 char = n;code = 110 char = s;code = 115 char = ;code = 32 char = a;code = 97 char = l;code = 108 char = s;code = 115 char = o;code = 111 char = ;code = 32 char = c;code = 99 char = o;code = 111 char = m;code = 109 char = p;code = 112 char = a;code = 97 char = r;code = 114 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = f;code = 102 char = a;code = 97 char = v;code = 118 char = o;code = 111 char = r;code = 114 char = a;code = 97 char = b;code = 98 char = l;code = 108 char = y;code = 121 char = ;code = 32 char = t;code = 116 char = o;code = 111 char = ;code = 32 char = e;code = 101 char = x;code = 120 char = p;code = 112 char = e;code = 101 char = r;code = 114 char = i;code = 105 char = m;code = 109 char = e;code = 101 char = n;code = 110 char = t;code = 116 char = a;code = 97 char = l;code = 108 char = ;code = 32 char = v;code = 118 char = a;code = 97 char = l;code = 108 char = u;code = 117 char = e;code = 101 char = s;code = 115 char = .;code = 46 char = <;code = 60 char = b;code = 98 char = r;code = 114 char = /;code = 47 char = >;code = 62 result sql = In this work, the global warming potential (GWP) of methylene fluoride (CH(2)F(2)), or HFC-32, is estimated through computational chemistry methods. We find our computational chemistry approach reproduces well all phenomena important for predicting global warming potentials. Geometries predicted using the B3LYP/6-311g** method were in good agreement with experiment, although some other computational methods performed slightly better. Frequencies needed for both partition function calculations in transition-state theory and infrared intensities needed for radiative forcing estimates agreed well with experiment compared to other computational methods. A modified CBS-RAD method used to obtain energies led to superior results to all other previous heat of reaction estimates and most barrier height calculations when the B3LYP/6-311g** optimized geometry was used as the base structure. Use of the small-curvature tunneling correction and a hindered rotor treatment where appropriate led to accurate reaction rate constants and radiative forcing estimates without requiring any experimental data. Atmospheric lifetimes from theory at 277 K were indistinguishable from experimental results, as were the final global warming potentials compared to experiment. This is the first time entirely computational methods have been applied to estimate a global warming potential for a chemical, and we have found the approach to be robust, inexpensive, and accurate compared to prior experimental results. This methodology was subsequently used to estimate GWPs for three additional species [methane (CH(4)); fluoromethane (CH(3)F), or HFC-41; and fluoroform (CHF(3)), or HFC-23], where estimations also compare favorably to experimental values.
Publication: J Phys Chem A 2009 May 21 ;113(20)::5942-50. :doi: 10.1021/jp8114918.
Publication Date: 2009 May 21
Study Author(s): Blowers, Paul;Hollingshead, Kyle;
Institution: Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, The University of Arizona, P.O. Box 210011, Tucson, Arizona 85721-0011, USA.
[email protected]
Shortcut link to this study:
In this work, the global warming potential (GWP) of methylene fluoride (CH(2)F(2)), or HFC-32, is estimated through computational chemistry methods. We find our computational chemistry approach reproduces well all phenomena important for predicting global warming potentials. Geometries predicted using the B3LYP/6-311g** method were in good agreement with experiment, although some other computational methods performed slightly better. Frequencies needed for both partition function calculations in transition-state theory and infrared intensities needed for radiative forcing estimates agreed well with experiment compared to other computational methods. A modified CBS-RAD method used to obtain energies led to superior results to all other previous heat of reaction estimates and most barrier height calculations when the B3LYP/6-311g** optimized geometry was used as the base structure. Use of the small-curvature tunneling correction and a hindered rotor treatment where appropriate led to accurate reaction rate constants and radiative forcing estimates without requiring any experimental data. Atmospheric lifetimes from theory at 277 K were indistinguishable from experimental results, as were the final global warming potentials compared to experiment. This is the first time entirely computational methods have been applied to estimate a global warming potential for a chemical, and we have found the approach to be robust, inexpensive, and accurate compared to prior experimental results. This methodology was subsequently used to estimate GWPs for three additional species [methane (CH(4)); fluoromethane (CH(3)F), or HFC-41; and fluoroform (CHF(3)), or HFC-23], where estimations also compare favorably to experimental values.
PMID: 19402663