char = O;code = 79 char = x;code = 120 char = i;code = 105 char = d;code = 100 char = a;code = 97 char = t;code = 116 char = i;code = 105 char = v;code = 118 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = r;code = 114 char = e;code = 101 char = m;code = 109 char = o;code = 111 char = v;code = 118 char = a;code = 97 char = l;code = 108 char = ;code = 32 char = a;code = 97 char = n;code = 110 char = d;code = 100 char = ;code = 32 char = k;code = 107 char = i;code = 105 char = n;code = 110 char = e;code = 101 char = t;code = 116 char = i;code = 105 char = c;code = 99 char = s;code = 115 char = ;code = 32 char = o;code = 111 char = f;code = 102 char = ;code = 32 char = f;code = 102 char = i;code = 105 char = p;code = 112 char = r;code = 114 char = o;code = 111 char = n;code = 110 char = i;code = 105 char = l;code = 108 char = ;code = 32 char = i;code = 105 char = n;code = 110 char = ;code = 32 char = v;code = 118 char = a;code = 97 char = r;code = 114 char = i;code = 105 char = o;code = 111 char = u;code = 117 char = s;code = 115 char = ;code = 32 char = o;code = 111 char = x;code = 120 char = i;code = 105 char = d;code = 100 char = a;code = 97 char = t;code = 116 char = i;code = 105 char = o;code = 111 char = n;code = 110 char = ;code = 32 char = s;code = 115 char = y;code = 121 char = s;code = 115 char = t;code = 116 char = e;code = 101 char = m;code = 109 char = s;code = 115 char = ;code = 32 char = f;code = 102 char = o;code = 111 char = r;code = 114 char = ;code = 32 char = d;code = 100 char = r;code = 114 char = i;code = 105 char = n;code = 110 char = k;code = 107 char = i;code = 105 char = n;code = 110 char = g;code = 103 char = ;code = 32 char = w;code = 119 char = a;code = 97 char = t;code = 116 char = e;code = 101 char = r;code = 114 char = ;code = 32 char = t;code = 116 char = r;code = 114 char = e;code = 101 char = a;code = 97 char = t;code = 116 char = m;code = 109 char = e;code = 101 char = n;code = 110 char = t;code = 116 char = .;code = 46 result sql = Oxidative removal and kinetics of fipronil in various oxidation systems for drinking water treatment.
Oxidative removal and kinetics of fipronil in various oxidation systems for drinking water treatment.char = F;code = 70 char = i;code = 105 char = p;code = 112 char = r;code = 114 char = o;code = 111 char = n;code = 110 char = i;code = 105 char = l;code = 108 char = ,;code = 44 char = ;code = 32 char = a;code = 97 char = ;code = 32 char = p;code = 112 char = e;code = 101 char = s;code = 115 char = t;code = 116 char = i;code = 105 char = c;code = 99 char = i;code = 105 char = d;code = 100 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = g;code = 103 char = a;code = 97 char = i;code = 105 char = n;code = 110 char = i;code = 105 char = n;code = 110 char = g;code = 103 char = ;code = 32 char = w;code = 119 char = i;code = 105 char = d;code = 100 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = u;code = 117 char = s;code = 115 char = a;code = 97 char = g;code = 103 char = e;code = 101 char = ,;code = 44 char = ;code = 32 char = w;code = 119 char = a;code = 97 char = s;code = 115 char = ;code = 32 char = o;code = 111 char = x;code = 120 char = i;code = 105 char = d;code = 100 char = i;code = 105 char = z;code = 122 char = e;code = 101 char = d;code = 100 char = ;code = 32 char = w;code = 119 char = i;code = 105 char = t;code = 116 char = h;code = 104 char = ;code = 32 char = c;code = 99 char = o;code = 111 char = m;code = 109 char = m;code = 109 char = o;code = 111 char = n;code = 110 char = ;code = 32 char = d;code = 100 char = r;code = 114 char = i;code = 105 char = n;code = 110 char = k;code = 107 char = i;code = 105 char = n;code = 110 char = g;code = 103 char = ;code = 32 char = w;code = 119 char = a;code = 97 char = t;code = 116 char = e;code = 101 char = r;code = 114 char = ;code = 32 char = t;code = 116 char = r;code = 114 char = e;code = 101 char = a;code = 97 char = t;code = 116 char = m;code = 109 char = e;code = 101 char = n;code = 110 char = t;code = 116 char = ;code = 32 char = d;code = 100 char = i;code = 105 char = s;code = 115 char = i;code = 105 char = n;code = 110 char = f;code = 102 char = e;code = 101 char = c;code = 99 char = t;code = 116 char = a;code = 97 char = n;code = 110 char = t;code = 116 char = s;code = 115 char = ;code = 32 char = a;code = 97 char = n;code = 110 char = d;code = 100 char = ;code = 32 char = o;code = 111 char = x;code = 120 char = i;code = 105 char = d;code = 100 char = a;code = 97 char = n;code = 110 char = t;code = 116 char = s;code = 115 char = ;;code = 59 char = ;code = 32 char = w;code = 119 char = i;code = 105 char = t;code = 116 char = h;code = 104 char = ;code = 32 char = a;code = 97 char = ;code = 32 char = d;code = 100 char = e;code = 101 char = g;code = 103 char = r;code = 114 char = a;code = 97 char = d;code = 100 char = a;code = 97 char = t;code = 116 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = i;code = 105 char = d;code = 100 char = e;code = 101 char = n;code = 110 char = t;code = 116 char = i;code = 105 char = f;code = 102 char = i;code = 105 char = e;code = 101 char = d;code = 100 char = ;code = 32 char = u;code = 117 char = s;code = 115 char = i;code = 105 char = n;code = 110 char = g;code = 103 char = ;code = 32 char = l;code = 108 char = i;code = 105 char = q;code = 113 char = u;code = 117 char = i;code = 105 char = d;code = 100 char = ;code = 32 char = c;code = 99 char = h;code = 104 char = r;code = 114 char = o;code = 111 char = m;code = 109 char = a;code = 97 char = t;code = 116 char = o;code = 111 char = g;code = 103 char = r;code = 114 char = a;code = 97 char = p;code = 112 char = h;code = 104 char = y;code = 121 char = -;code = 45 char = m;code = 109 char = a;code = 97 char = s;code = 115 char = s;code = 115 char = ;code = 32 char = s;code = 115 char = p;code = 112 char = e;code = 101 char = c;code = 99 char = t;code = 116 char = r;code = 114 char = o;code = 111 char = m;code = 109 char = e;code = 101 char = t;code = 116 char = r;code = 114 char = y;code = 121 char = .;code = 46 char = ;code = 32 char = O;code = 79 char = x;code = 120 char = i;code = 105 char = d;code = 100 char = a;code = 97 char = n;code = 110 char = t;code = 116 char = s;code = 115 char = ;code = 32 char = i;code = 105 char = n;code = 110 char = v;code = 118 char = e;code = 101 char = s;code = 115 char = t;code = 116 char = i;code = 105 char = g;code = 103 char = a;code = 97 char = t;code = 116 char = e;code = 101 char = d;code = 100 char = ;code = 32 char = w;code = 119 char = e;code = 101 char = r;code = 114 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = f;code = 102 char = r;code = 114 char = e;code = 101 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = c;code = 99 char = h;code = 104 char = l;code = 108 char = o;code = 111 char = r;code = 114 char = i;code = 105 char = n;code = 110 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = (;code = 40 char = H;code = 72 char = O;code = 79 char = C;code = 67 char = l;code = 108 char = /;code = 47 char = O;code = 79 char = C;code = 67 char = l;code = 108 char = (;code = 40 char = -;code = 45 char = );code = 41 char = );code = 41 char = ,;code = 44 char = ;code = 32 char = m;code = 109 char = o;code = 111 char = n;code = 110 char = o;code = 111 char = c;code = 99 char = h;code = 104 char = l;code = 108 char = o;code = 111 char = r;code = 114 char = a;code = 97 char = m;code = 109 char = i;code = 105 char = n;code = 110 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = (;code = 40 char = C;code = 67 char = l;code = 108 char = N;code = 78 char = H;code = 72 char = (;code = 40 char = 2;code = 50 char = );code = 41 char = );code = 41 char = ,;code = 44 char = ;code = 32 char = c;code = 99 char = h;code = 104 char = l;code = 108 char = o;code = 111 char = r;code = 114 char = i;code = 105 char = n;code = 110 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = d;code = 100 char = i;code = 105 char = o;code = 111 char = x;code = 120 char = i;code = 105 char = d;code = 100 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = (;code = 40 char = C;code = 67 char = l;code = 108 char = O;code = 79 char = (;code = 40 char = 2;code = 50 char = );code = 41 char = );code = 41 char = ,;code = 44 char = ;code = 32 char = a;code = 97 char = n;code = 110 char = d;code = 100 char = ;code = 32 char = p;code = 112 char = e;code = 101 char = r;code = 114 char = m;code = 109 char = a;code = 97 char = n;code = 110 char = g;code = 103 char = a;code = 97 char = n;code = 110 char = a;code = 97 char = t;code = 116 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = (;code = 40 char = M;code = 77 char = n;code = 110 char = O;code = 79 char = (;code = 40 char = 4;code = 52 char = );code = 41 char = (;code = 40 char = -;code = 45 char = );code = 41 char = );code = 41 char = ;code = 32 char = a;code = 97 char = t;code = 116 char = ;code = 32 char = p;code = 112 char = H;code = 72 char = ;code = 32 char = 6;code = 54 char = .;code = 46 char = 6;code = 54 char = ;code = 32 char = a;code = 97 char = n;code = 110 char = d;code = 100 char = ;code = 32 char = 8;code = 56 char = .;code = 46 char = 6;code = 54 char = .;code = 46 char = ;code = 32 char = F;code = 70 char = r;code = 114 char = e;code = 101 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = c;code = 99 char = h;code = 104 char = l;code = 108 char = o;code = 111 char = r;code = 114 char = i;code = 105 char = n;code = 110 char = e;code = 101 char = ,;code = 44 char = ;code = 32 char = c;code = 99 char = h;code = 104 char = l;code = 108 char = o;code = 111 char = r;code = 114 char = i;code = 105 char = n;code = 110 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = d;code = 100 char = i;code = 105 char = o;code = 111 char = x;code = 120 char = i;code = 105 char = d;code = 100 char = e;code = 101 char = ,;code = 44 char = ;code = 32 char = a;code = 97 char = n;code = 110 char = d;code = 100 char = ;code = 32 char = p;code = 112 char = e;code = 101 char = r;code = 114 char = m;code = 109 char = a;code = 97 char = n;code = 110 char = g;code = 103 char = a;code = 97 char = n;code = 110 char = a;code = 97 char = t;code = 116 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = w;code = 119 char = e;code = 101 char = r;code = 114 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = r;code = 114 char = e;code = 101 char = a;code = 97 char = c;code = 99 char = t;code = 116 char = i;code = 105 char = v;code = 118 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = w;code = 119 char = i;code = 105 char = t;code = 116 char = h;code = 104 char = ;code = 32 char = f;code = 102 char = i;code = 105 char = p;code = 112 char = r;code = 114 char = o;code = 111 char = n;code = 110 char = i;code = 105 char = l;code = 108 char = ;code = 32 char = t;code = 116 char = o;code = 111 char = ;code = 32 char = v;code = 118 char = a;code = 97 char = r;code = 114 char = i;code = 105 char = o;code = 111 char = u;code = 117 char = s;code = 115 char = ;code = 32 char = d;code = 100 char = e;code = 101 char = g;code = 103 char = r;code = 114 char = e;code = 101 char = e;code = 101 char = s;code = 115 char = ,;code = 44 char = ;code = 32 char = w;code = 119 char = h;code = 104 char = e;code = 101 char = r;code = 114 char = e;code = 101 char = a;code = 97 char = s;code = 115 char = ;code = 32 char = m;code = 109 char = o;code = 111 char = n;code = 110 char = o;code = 111 char = c;code = 99 char = h;code = 104 char = l;code = 108 char = o;code = 111 char = r;code = 114 char = a;code = 97 char = m;code = 109 char = i;code = 105 char = n;code = 110 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = w;code = 119 char = a;code = 97 char = s;code = 115 char = ;code = 32 char = o;code = 111 char = n;code = 110 char = l;code = 108 char = y;code = 121 char = ;code = 32 char = m;code = 109 char = a;code = 97 char = r;code = 114 char = g;code = 103 char = i;code = 105 char = n;code = 110 char = a;code = 97 char = l;code = 108 char = l;code = 108 char = y;code = 121 char = ;code = 32 char = r;code = 114 char = e;code = 101 char = a;code = 97 char = c;code = 99 char = t;code = 116 char = i;code = 105 char = v;code = 118 char = e;code = 101 char = .;code = 46 char = ;code = 32 char = N;code = 78 char = o;code = 111 char = ;code = 32 char = o;code = 111 char = x;code = 120 char = i;code = 105 char = d;code = 100 char = a;code = 97 char = t;code = 116 char = i;code = 105 char = o;code = 111 char = n;code = 110 char = ;code = 32 char = p;code = 112 char = r;code = 114 char = o;code = 111 char = d;code = 100 char = u;code = 117 char = c;code = 99 char = t;code = 116 char = s;code = 115 char = ;code = 32 char = w;code = 119 char = e;code = 101 char = r;code = 114 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = o;code = 111 char = b;code = 98 char = s;code = 115 char = e;code = 101 char = r;code = 114 char = v;code = 118 char = e;code = 101 char = d;code = 100 char = ;code = 32 char = f;code = 102 char = o;code = 111 char = r;code = 114 char = ;code = 32 char = f;code = 102 char = r;code = 114 char = e;code = 101 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = c;code = 99 char = h;code = 104 char = l;code = 108 char = o;code = 111 char = r;code = 114 char = i;code = 105 char = n;code = 110 char = e;code = 101 char = ,;code = 44 char = ;code = 32 char = m;code = 109 char = o;code = 111 char = n;code = 110 char = o;code = 111 char = c;code = 99 char = h;code = 104 char = l;code = 108 char = o;code = 111 char = r;code = 114 char = a;code = 97 char = m;code = 109 char = i;code = 105 char = n;code = 110 char = e;code = 101 char = ,;code = 44 char = ;code = 32 char = o;code = 111 char = r;code = 114 char = ;code = 32 char = c;code = 99 char = h;code = 104 char = l;code = 108 char = o;code = 111 char = r;code = 114 char = i;code = 105 char = n;code = 110 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = d;code = 100 char = i;code = 105 char = o;code = 111 char = x;code = 120 char = i;code = 105 char = d;code = 100 char = e;code = 101 char = .;code = 46 char = ;code = 32 char = O;code = 79 char = x;code = 120 char = i;code = 105 char = d;code = 100 char = a;code = 97 char = t;code = 116 char = i;code = 105 char = o;code = 111 char = n;code = 110 char = ;code = 32 char = b;code = 98 char = y;code = 121 char = ;code = 32 char = p;code = 112 char = e;code = 101 char = r;code = 114 char = m;code = 109 char = a;code = 97 char = n;code = 110 char = g;code = 103 char = a;code = 97 char = n;code = 110 char = a;code = 97 char = t;code = 116 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = p;code = 112 char = r;code = 114 char = o;code = 111 char = d;code = 100 char = u;code = 117 char = c;code = 99 char = e;code = 101 char = d;code = 100 char = ;code = 32 char = a;code = 97 char = n;code = 110 char = ;code = 32 char = i;code = 105 char = d;code = 100 char = e;code = 101 char = n;code = 110 char = t;code = 116 char = i;code = 105 char = f;code = 102 char = i;code = 105 char = a;code = 97 char = b;code = 98 char = l;code = 108 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = d;code = 100 char = e;code = 101 char = g;code = 103 char = r;code = 114 char = a;code = 97 char = d;code = 100 char = a;code = 97 char = t;code = 116 char = e;code = 101 char = ,;code = 44 char = ;code = 32 char = f;code = 102 char = i;code = 105 char = p;code = 112 char = r;code = 114 char = o;code = 111 char = n;code = 110 char = i;code = 105 char = l;code = 108 char = ;code = 32 char = s;code = 115 char = u;code = 117 char = l;code = 108 char = f;code = 102 char = o;code = 111 char = n;code = 110 char = e;code = 101 char = ,;code = 44 char = ;code = 32 char = w;code = 119 char = h;code = 104 char = i;code = 105 char = c;code = 99 char = h;code = 104 char = ;code = 32 char = w;code = 119 char = a;code = 97 char = s;code = 115 char = ;code = 32 char = r;code = 114 char = e;code = 101 char = c;code = 99 char = a;code = 97 char = l;code = 108 char = c;code = 99 char = i;code = 105 char = t;code = 116 char = r;code = 114 char = a;code = 97 char = n;code = 110 char = t;code = 116 char = ;code = 32 char = t;code = 116 char = o;code = 111 char = ;code = 32 char = f;code = 102 char = u;code = 117 char = r;code = 114 char = t;code = 116 char = h;code = 104 char = e;code = 101 char = r;code = 114 char = ;code = 32 char = o;code = 111 char = x;code = 120 char = i;code = 105 char = d;code = 100 char = a;code = 97 char = t;code = 116 char = i;code = 105 char = o;code = 111 char = n;code = 110 char = ;code = 32 char = b;code = 98 char = y;code = 121 char = ;code = 32 char = p;code = 112 char = e;code = 101 char = r;code = 114 char = m;code = 109 char = a;code = 97 char = n;code = 110 char = g;code = 103 char = a;code = 97 char = n;code = 110 char = a;code = 97 char = t;code = 116 char = e;code = 101 char = .;code = 46 char = ;code = 32 char = F;code = 70 char = i;code = 105 char = p;code = 112 char = r;code = 114 char = o;code = 111 char = n;code = 110 char = i;code = 105 char = l;code = 108 char = ;code = 32 char = s;code = 115 char = u;code = 117 char = l;code = 108 char = f;code = 102 char = o;code = 111 char = n;code = 110 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = c;code = 99 char = o;code = 111 char = u;code = 117 char = l;code = 108 char = d;code = 100 char = ,;code = 44 char = ;code = 32 char = h;code = 104 char = o;code = 111 char = w;code = 119 char = e;code = 101 char = v;code = 118 char = e;code = 101 char = r;code = 114 char = ,;code = 44 char = ;code = 32 char = b;code = 98 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = f;code = 102 char = u;code = 117 char = r;code = 114 char = t;code = 116 char = h;code = 104 char = e;code = 101 char = r;code = 114 char = ;code = 32 char = d;code = 100 char = e;code = 101 char = g;code = 103 char = r;code = 114 char = a;code = 97 char = d;code = 100 char = e;code = 101 char = d;code = 100 char = ;code = 32 char = b;code = 98 char = y;code = 121 char = ;code = 32 char = f;code = 102 char = r;code = 114 char = e;code = 101 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = c;code = 99 char = h;code = 104 char = l;code = 108 char = o;code = 111 char = r;code = 114 char = i;code = 105 char = n;code = 110 char = e;code = 101 char = .;code = 46 char = ;code = 32 char = U;code = 85 char = n;code = 110 char = d;code = 100 char = e;code = 101 char = r;code = 114 char = ;code = 32 char = t;code = 116 char = y;code = 121 char = p;code = 112 char = i;code = 105 char = c;code = 99 char = a;code = 97 char = l;code = 108 char = ;code = 32 char = c;code = 99 char = o;code = 111 char = n;code = 110 char = d;code = 100 char = i;code = 105 char = t;code = 116 char = i;code = 105 char = o;code = 111 char = n;code = 110 char = s;code = 115 char = ;code = 32 char = o;code = 111 char = f;code = 102 char = ;code = 32 char = w;code = 119 char = a;code = 97 char = t;code = 116 char = e;code = 101 char = r;code = 114 char = ;code = 32 char = t;code = 116 char = r;code = 114 char = e;code = 101 char = a;code = 97 char = t;code = 116 char = m;code = 109 char = e;code = 101 char = n;code = 110 char = t;code = 116 char = ,;code = 44 char = ;code = 32 char = f;code = 102 char = r;code = 114 char = e;code = 101 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = c;code = 99 char = h;code = 104 char = l;code = 108 char = o;code = 111 char = r;code = 114 char = i;code = 105 char = n;code = 110 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = w;code = 119 char = a;code = 97 char = s;code = 115 char = ;code = 32 char = a;code = 97 char = n;code = 110 char = ;code = 32 char = e;code = 101 char = f;code = 102 char = f;code = 102 char = e;code = 101 char = c;code = 99 char = t;code = 116 char = i;code = 105 char = v;code = 118 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = o;code = 111 char = x;code = 120 char = i;code = 105 char = d;code = 100 char = a;code = 97 char = n;code = 110 char = t;code = 116 char = ;code = 32 char = f;code = 102 char = o;code = 111 char = r;code = 114 char = ;code = 32 char = f;code = 102 char = i;code = 105 char = p;code = 112 char = r;code = 114 char = o;code = 111 char = n;code = 110 char = i;code = 105 char = l;code = 108 char = ;code = 32 char = a;code = 97 char = n;code = 110 char = d;code = 100 char = ;code = 32 char = f;code = 102 char = i;code = 105 char = p;code = 112 char = r;code = 114 char = o;code = 111 char = n;code = 110 char = i;code = 105 char = l;code = 108 char = ;code = 32 char = s;code = 115 char = u;code = 117 char = l;code = 108 char = f;code = 102 char = o;code = 111 char = n;code = 110 char = e;code = 101 char = ,;code = 44 char = ;code = 32 char = a;code = 97 char = c;code = 99 char = h;code = 104 char = i;code = 105 char = e;code = 101 char = v;code = 118 char = i;code = 105 char = n;code = 110 char = g;code = 103 char = ;code = 32 char = p;code = 112 char = a;code = 97 char = r;code = 114 char = t;code = 116 char = i;code = 105 char = a;code = 97 char = l;code = 108 char = ;code = 32 char = r;code = 114 char = e;code = 101 char = m;code = 109 char = o;code = 111 char = v;code = 118 char = a;code = 97 char = l;code = 108 char = ;code = 32 char = a;code = 97 char = t;code = 116 char = ;code = 32 char = t;code = 116 char = y;code = 121 char = p;code = 112 char = i;code = 105 char = c;code = 99 char = a;code = 97 char = l;code = 108 char = ;code = 32 char = c;code = 99 char = o;code = 111 char = n;code = 110 char = d;code = 100 char = i;code = 105 char = t;code = 116 char = i;code = 105 char = o;code = 111 char = n;code = 110 char = s;code = 115 char = .;code = 46 char = ;code = 32 char = p;code = 112 char = H;code = 72 char = ;code = 32 char = e;code = 101 char = f;code = 102 char = f;code = 102 char = e;code = 101 char = c;code = 99 char = t;code = 116 char = s;code = 115 char = ;code = 32 char = w;code = 119 char = e;code = 101 char = r;code = 114 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = o;code = 111 char = b;code = 98 char = s;code = 115 char = e;code = 101 char = r;code = 114 char = v;code = 118 char = e;code = 101 char = d;code = 100 char = ;code = 32 char = f;code = 102 char = o;code = 111 char = r;code = 114 char = ;code = 32 char = f;code = 102 char = r;code = 114 char = e;code = 101 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = c;code = 99 char = h;code = 104 char = l;code = 108 char = o;code = 111 char = r;code = 114 char = i;code = 105 char = n;code = 110 char = e;code = 101 char = ,;code = 44 char = ;code = 32 char = c;code = 99 char = h;code = 104 char = l;code = 108 char = o;code = 111 char = r;code = 114 char = i;code = 105 char = n;code = 110 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = d;code = 100 char = i;code = 105 char = o;code = 111 char = x;code = 120 char = i;code = 105 char = d;code = 100 char = e;code = 101 char = ,;code = 44 char = ;code = 32 char = a;code = 97 char = n;code = 110 char = d;code = 100 char = ;code = 32 char = p;code = 112 char = e;code = 101 char = r;code = 114 char = m;code = 109 char = a;code = 97 char = n;code = 110 char = g;code = 103 char = a;code = 97 char = n;code = 110 char = a;code = 97 char = t;code = 116 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = w;code = 119 char = i;code = 105 char = t;code = 116 char = h;code = 104 char = ;code = 32 char = m;code = 109 char = o;code = 111 char = r;code = 114 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = r;code = 114 char = a;code = 97 char = p;code = 112 char = i;code = 105 char = d;code = 100 char = ;code = 32 char = o;code = 111 char = x;code = 120 char = i;code = 105 char = d;code = 100 char = a;code = 97 char = t;code = 116 char = i;code = 105 char = o;code = 111 char = n;code = 110 char = ;code = 32 char = o;code = 111 char = c;code = 99 char = c;code = 99 char = u;code = 117 char = r;code = 114 char = r;code = 114 char = i;code = 105 char = n;code = 110 char = g;code = 103 char = ;code = 32 char = a;code = 97 char = t;code = 116 char = ;code = 32 char = p;code = 112 char = H;code = 72 char = ;code = 32 char = 8;code = 56 char = .;code = 46 char = 6;code = 54 char = ;code = 32 char = t;code = 116 char = h;code = 104 char = a;code = 97 char = n;code = 110 char = ;code = 32 char = a;code = 97 char = t;code = 116 char = ;code = 32 char = p;code = 112 char = H;code = 72 char = ;code = 32 char = 6;code = 54 char = .;code = 46 char = 6;code = 54 char = .;code = 46 char = <;code = 60 char = b;code = 98 char = r;code = 114 char = /;code = 47 char = >;code = 62 result sql = Fipronil, a pesticide gaining wide usage, was oxidized with common drinking water treatment disinfectants and oxidants; with a degradate identified using liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. Oxidants investigated were free chlorine (HOCl/OCl(-)), monochloramine (ClNH(2)), chlorine dioxide (ClO(2)), and permanganate (MnO(4)(-)) at pH 6.6 and 8.6. Free chlorine, chlorine dioxide, and permanganate were reactive with fipronil to various degrees, whereas monochloramine was only marginally reactive. No oxidation products were observed for free chlorine, monochloramine, or chlorine dioxide. Oxidation by permanganate produced an identifiable degradate, fipronil sulfone, which was recalcitrant to further oxidation by permanganate. Fipronil sulfone could, however, be further degraded by free chlorine. Under typical conditions of water treatment, free chlorine was an effective oxidant for fipronil and fipronil sulfone, achieving partial removal at typical conditions. pH effects were observed for free chlorine, chlorine dioxide, and permanganate with more rapid oxidation occurring at pH 8.6 than at pH 6.6.
Publication: J. Agric. Food Chem. 2010 Jun 9 ;58(11)::6895-9. :doi: 10.1021/jf100872f.
Publication Date: 2010 Jun 9
Study Author(s): Chamberlain, Evelyn F;Wang, Chuan;Shi, Honglan;Adams, Craig D;Ma, Yinfa;
Institution: Department of Civil, Architectural and Environmental Engineering and Environmental Research Center, Missouri University of Science and Technology, Rolla, Missouri 65409, USA.
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Fipronil, a pesticide gaining wide usage, was oxidized with common drinking water treatment disinfectants and oxidants; with a degradate identified using liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. Oxidants investigated were free chlorine (HOCl/OCl(-)), monochloramine (ClNH(2)), chlorine dioxide (ClO(2)), and permanganate (MnO(4)(-)) at pH 6.6 and 8.6. Free chlorine, chlorine dioxide, and permanganate were reactive with fipronil to various degrees, whereas monochloramine was only marginally reactive. No oxidation products were observed for free chlorine, monochloramine, or chlorine dioxide. Oxidation by permanganate produced an identifiable degradate, fipronil sulfone, which was recalcitrant to further oxidation by permanganate. Fipronil sulfone could, however, be further degraded by free chlorine. Under typical conditions of water treatment, free chlorine was an effective oxidant for fipronil and fipronil sulfone, achieving partial removal at typical conditions. pH effects were observed for free chlorine, chlorine dioxide, and permanganate with more rapid oxidation occurring at pH 8.6 than at pH 6.6.
PMID: 20455564