|
|
char = T;code = 84
char = h;code = 104
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = r;code = 114
char = o;code = 111
char = p;code = 112
char = i;code = 105
char = c;code = 99
char = a;code = 97
char = l;code = 108
char = ;code = 32
char = b;code = 98
char = r;code = 114
char = o;code = 111
char = w;code = 119
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = l;code = 108
char = g;code = 103
char = a;code = 97
char = ;code = 32
char = L;code = 76
char = o;code = 111
char = b;code = 98
char = o;code = 111
char = p;code = 112
char = h;code = 104
char = o;code = 111
char = r;code = 114
char = a;code = 97
char = ;code = 32
char = v;code = 118
char = a;code = 97
char = r;code = 114
char = i;code = 105
char = e;code = 101
char = g;code = 103
char = a;code = 97
char = t;code = 116
char = a;code = 97
char = :;code = 58
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = ;code = 32
char = s;code = 115
char = o;code = 111
char = u;code = 117
char = r;code = 114
char = c;code = 99
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = o;code = 111
char = f;code = 102
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = n;code = 110
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = p;code = 112
char = r;code = 114
char = o;code = 111
char = t;code = 116
char = o;code = 111
char = z;code = 122
char = o;code = 111
char = a;code = 97
char = l;code = 108
char = ;code = 32
char = c;code = 99
char = o;code = 111
char = m;code = 109
char = p;code = 112
char = o;code = 111
char = u;code = 117
char = n;code = 110
char = d;code = 100
char = s;code = 115
char = .;code = 46
result sql = The tropical brown alga Lobophora variegata: a source of antiprotozoal compounds.
The tropical brown alga Lobophora variegata: a source of antiprotozoal compounds.char = L;code = 76
char = o;code = 111
char = b;code = 98
char = o;code = 111
char = p;code = 112
char = h;code = 104
char = o;code = 111
char = r;code = 114
char = a;code = 97
char = ;code = 32
char = v;code = 118
char = a;code = 97
char = r;code = 114
char = i;code = 105
char = e;code = 101
char = g;code = 103
char = a;code = 97
char = t;code = 116
char = a;code = 97
char = ,;code = 44
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = ;code = 32
char = b;code = 98
char = r;code = 114
char = o;code = 111
char = w;code = 119
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = l;code = 108
char = g;code = 103
char = a;code = 97
char = ;code = 32
char = c;code = 99
char = o;code = 111
char = l;code = 108
char = l;code = 108
char = e;code = 101
char = c;code = 99
char = t;code = 116
char = e;code = 101
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = f;code = 102
char = r;code = 114
char = o;code = 111
char = m;code = 109
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = c;code = 99
char = o;code = 111
char = a;code = 97
char = s;code = 115
char = t;code = 116
char = ;code = 32
char = o;code = 111
char = f;code = 102
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = Y;code = 89
char = u;code = 117
char = c;code = 99
char = a;code = 97
char = t;code = 116
char = a;code = 97
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
char = p;code = 112
char = e;code = 101
char = n;code = 110
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = s;code = 115
char = u;code = 117
char = l;code = 108
char = a;code = 97
char = ,;code = 44
char = ;code = 32
char = M;code = 77
char = e;code = 101
char = x;code = 120
char = i;code = 105
char = c;code = 99
char = o;code = 111
char = ,;code = 44
char = ;code = 32
char = w;code = 119
char = a;code = 97
char = s;code = 115
char = ;code = 32
char = s;code = 115
char = t;code = 116
char = u;code = 117
char = d;code = 100
char = i;code = 105
char = e;code = 101
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = f;code = 102
char = o;code = 111
char = r;code = 114
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = n;code = 110
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = p;code = 112
char = r;code = 114
char = o;code = 111
char = t;code = 116
char = o;code = 111
char = z;code = 122
char = o;code = 111
char = a;code = 97
char = l;code = 108
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = c;code = 99
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = v;code = 118
char = i;code = 105
char = t;code = 116
char = y;code = 121
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = g;code = 103
char = a;code = 97
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = s;code = 115
char = t;code = 116
char = ;code = 32
char = G;code = 71
char = i;code = 105
char = a;code = 97
char = r;code = 114
char = d;code = 100
char = i;code = 105
char = a;code = 97
char = ;code = 32
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = t;code = 116
char = e;code = 101
char = s;code = 115
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = a;code = 97
char = l;code = 108
char = i;code = 105
char = s;code = 115
char = ,;code = 44
char = ;code = 32
char = E;code = 69
char = n;code = 110
char = t;code = 116
char = a;code = 97
char = m;code = 109
char = o;code = 111
char = e;code = 101
char = b;code = 98
char = a;code = 97
char = ;code = 32
char = h;code = 104
char = i;code = 105
char = s;code = 115
char = t;code = 116
char = o;code = 111
char = l;code = 108
char = y;code = 121
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = c;code = 99
char = a;code = 97
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = n;code = 110
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = T;code = 84
char = r;code = 114
char = i;code = 105
char = c;code = 99
char = h;code = 104
char = o;code = 111
char = m;code = 109
char = o;code = 111
char = n;code = 110
char = a;code = 97
char = s;code = 115
char = ;code = 32
char = v;code = 118
char = a;code = 97
char = g;code = 103
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = a;code = 97
char = l;code = 108
char = i;code = 105
char = s;code = 115
char = .;code = 46
char = ;code = 32
char = T;code = 84
char = h;code = 104
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = w;code = 119
char = h;code = 104
char = o;code = 111
char = l;code = 108
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = e;code = 101
char = x;code = 120
char = t;code = 116
char = r;code = 114
char = a;code = 97
char = c;code = 99
char = t;code = 116
char = ;code = 32
char = s;code = 115
char = h;code = 104
char = o;code = 111
char = w;code = 119
char = e;code = 101
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = h;code = 104
char = i;code = 105
char = g;code = 103
char = h;code = 104
char = e;code = 101
char = s;code = 115
char = t;code = 116
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = c;code = 99
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = v;code = 118
char = i;code = 105
char = t;code = 116
char = y;code = 121
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = g;code = 103
char = a;code = 97
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = s;code = 115
char = t;code = 116
char = ;code = 32
char = T;code = 84
char = .;code = 46
char = ;code = 32
char = v;code = 118
char = a;code = 97
char = g;code = 103
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = a;code = 97
char = l;code = 108
char = i;code = 105
char = s;code = 115
char = ,;code = 44
char = ;code = 32
char = w;code = 119
char = i;code = 105
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
char = I;code = 73
char = C;code = 67
char = (;code = 40
char = 5;code = 53
char = 0;code = 48
char = );code = 41
char = ;code = 32
char = v;code = 118
char = a;code = 97
char = l;code = 108
char = u;code = 117
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = o;code = 111
char = f;code = 102
char = ;code = 32
char = 3;code = 51
char = .;code = 46
char = 2;code = 50
char = ;code = 32
char = m;code = 109
char = i;code = 105
char = c;code = 99
char = r;code = 114
char = o;code = 111
char = g;code = 103
char = /;code = 47
char = m;code = 109
char = L;code = 76
char = .;code = 46
char = ;code = 32
char = F;code = 70
char = o;code = 111
char = r;code = 114
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = f;code = 102
char = r;code = 114
char = a;code = 97
char = c;code = 99
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = o;code = 111
char = n;code = 110
char = s;code = 115
char = ,;code = 44
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = b;code = 98
char = e;code = 101
char = s;code = 115
char = t;code = 116
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = n;code = 110
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = p;code = 112
char = r;code = 114
char = o;code = 111
char = t;code = 116
char = o;code = 111
char = z;code = 122
char = o;code = 111
char = a;code = 97
char = l;code = 108
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = c;code = 99
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = v;code = 118
char = i;code = 105
char = t;code = 116
char = y;code = 121
char = ;code = 32
char = w;code = 119
char = a;code = 97
char = s;code = 115
char = ;code = 32
char = f;code = 102
char = o;code = 111
char = u;code = 117
char = n;code = 110
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
char = n;code = 110
char = o;code = 111
char = n;code = 110
char = -;code = 45
char = p;code = 112
char = o;code = 111
char = l;code = 108
char = a;code = 97
char = r;code = 114
char = ;code = 32
char = f;code = 102
char = r;code = 114
char = a;code = 97
char = c;code = 99
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = o;code = 111
char = n;code = 110
char = s;code = 115
char = .;code = 46
char = ;code = 32
char = T;code = 84
char = h;code = 104
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = c;code = 99
char = h;code = 104
char = l;code = 108
char = o;code = 111
char = r;code = 114
char = o;code = 111
char = f;code = 102
char = o;code = 111
char = r;code = 114
char = m;code = 109
char = ;code = 32
char = f;code = 102
char = r;code = 114
char = a;code = 97
char = c;code = 99
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = o;code = 111
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
char = o;code = 111
char = f;code = 102
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = e;code = 101
char = x;code = 120
char = t;code = 116
char = r;code = 114
char = a;code = 97
char = c;code = 99
char = t;code = 116
char = ;code = 32
char = c;code = 99
char = o;code = 111
char = n;code = 110
char = t;code = 116
char = a;code = 97
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = e;code = 101
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = ;code = 32
char = m;code = 109
char = a;code = 97
char = j;code = 106
char = o;code = 111
char = r;code = 114
char = ;code = 32
char = s;code = 115
char = u;code = 117
char = l;code = 108
char = f;code = 102
char = o;code = 111
char = q;code = 113
char = u;code = 117
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = o;code = 111
char = v;code = 118
char = o;code = 111
char = s;code = 115
char = y;code = 121
char = l;code = 108
char = d;code = 100
char = i;code = 105
char = a;code = 97
char = c;code = 99
char = y;code = 121
char = l;code = 108
char = g;code = 103
char = l;code = 108
char = y;code = 121
char = c;code = 99
char = e;code = 101
char = r;code = 114
char = o;code = 111
char = l;code = 108
char = ;code = 32
char = (;code = 40
char = S;code = 83
char = Q;code = 81
char = D;code = 68
char = G;code = 71
char = );code = 41
char = ,;code = 44
char = ;code = 32
char = i;code = 105
char = d;code = 100
char = e;code = 101
char = n;code = 110
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = f;code = 102
char = i;code = 105
char = e;code = 101
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = s;code = 115
char = ;code = 32
char = 1;code = 49
char = -;code = 45
char = O;code = 79
char = -;code = 45
char = p;code = 112
char = a;code = 97
char = l;code = 108
char = m;code = 109
char = i;code = 105
char = t;code = 116
char = o;code = 111
char = y;code = 121
char = l;code = 108
char = -;code = 45
char = 2;code = 50
char = -;code = 45
char = O;code = 79
char = -;code = 45
char = m;code = 109
char = y;code = 121
char = r;code = 114
char = i;code = 105
char = s;code = 115
char = t;code = 116
char = o;code = 111
char = y;code = 121
char = l;code = 108
char = -;code = 45
char = 3;code = 51
char = -;code = 45
char = O;code = 79
char = -;code = 45
char = (;code = 40
char = 6;code = 54
char = ';code = 39
char = ';code = 39
char = ';code = 39
char = -;code = 45
char = s;code = 115
char = u;code = 117
char = l;code = 108
char = f;code = 102
char = o;code = 111
char = -;code = 45
char = a;code = 97
char = l;code = 108
char = p;code = 112
char = h;code = 104
char = a;code = 97
char = -;code = 45
char = D;code = 68
char = -;code = 45
char = q;code = 113
char = u;code = 117
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = o;code = 111
char = v;code = 118
char = o;code = 111
char = p;code = 112
char = y;code = 121
char = r;code = 114
char = a;code = 97
char = n;code = 110
char = o;code = 111
char = s;code = 115
char = y;code = 121
char = l;code = 108
char = );code = 41
char = -;code = 45
char = g;code = 103
char = l;code = 108
char = y;code = 121
char = c;code = 99
char = e;code = 101
char = r;code = 114
char = o;code = 111
char = l;code = 108
char = ;code = 32
char = (;code = 40
char = 1;code = 49
char = );code = 41
char = ,;code = 44
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = o;code = 111
char = g;code = 103
char = e;code = 101
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = e;code = 101
char = r;code = 114
char = ;code = 32
char = w;code = 119
char = i;code = 105
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = ;code = 32
char = s;code = 115
char = m;code = 109
char = a;code = 97
char = l;code = 108
char = l;code = 108
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = m;code = 109
char = o;code = 111
char = u;code = 117
char = n;code = 110
char = t;code = 116
char = s;code = 115
char = ;code = 32
char = o;code = 111
char = f;code = 102
char = ;code = 32
char = 1;code = 49
char = ,;code = 44
char = 2;code = 50
char = -;code = 45
char = d;code = 100
char = i;code = 105
char = -;code = 45
char = O;code = 79
char = -;code = 45
char = p;code = 112
char = a;code = 97
char = l;code = 108
char = m;code = 109
char = i;code = 105
char = t;code = 116
char = o;code = 111
char = y;code = 121
char = l;code = 108
char = -;code = 45
char = 3;code = 51
char = -;code = 45
char = O;code = 79
char = -;code = 45
char = (;code = 40
char = 6;code = 54
char = ';code = 39
char = ';code = 39
char = ';code = 39
char = -;code = 45
char = s;code = 115
char = u;code = 117
char = l;code = 108
char = f;code = 102
char = o;code = 111
char = -;code = 45
char = a;code = 97
char = l;code = 108
char = p;code = 112
char = h;code = 104
char = a;code = 97
char = -;code = 45
char = D;code = 68
char = -;code = 45
char = q;code = 113
char = u;code = 117
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = o;code = 111
char = v;code = 118
char = o;code = 111
char = p;code = 112
char = y;code = 121
char = r;code = 114
char = a;code = 97
char = n;code = 110
char = o;code = 111
char = s;code = 115
char = y;code = 121
char = l;code = 108
char = );code = 41
char = -;code = 45
char = g;code = 103
char = l;code = 108
char = y;code = 121
char = c;code = 99
char = e;code = 101
char = r;code = 114
char = o;code = 111
char = l;code = 108
char = ;code = 32
char = (;code = 40
char = 2;code = 50
char = );code = 41
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = n;code = 110
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = ;code = 32
char = n;code = 110
char = e;code = 101
char = w;code = 119
char = ;code = 32
char = c;code = 99
char = o;code = 111
char = m;code = 109
char = p;code = 112
char = o;code = 111
char = u;code = 117
char = n;code = 110
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = i;code = 105
char = d;code = 100
char = e;code = 101
char = n;code = 110
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = f;code = 102
char = i;code = 105
char = e;code = 101
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = s;code = 115
char = ;code = 32
char = 1;code = 49
char = -;code = 45
char = O;code = 79
char = -;code = 45
char = p;code = 112
char = a;code = 97
char = l;code = 108
char = m;code = 109
char = i;code = 105
char = t;code = 116
char = o;code = 111
char = y;code = 121
char = l;code = 108
char = -;code = 45
char = 2;code = 50
char = -;code = 45
char = O;code = 79
char = -;code = 45
char = o;code = 111
char = l;code = 108
char = e;code = 101
char = o;code = 111
char = y;code = 121
char = l;code = 108
char = -;code = 45
char = 3;code = 51
char = -;code = 45
char = O;code = 79
char = -;code = 45
char = (;code = 40
char = 6;code = 54
char = ';code = 39
char = ';code = 39
char = ';code = 39
char = -;code = 45
char = s;code = 115
char = u;code = 117
char = l;code = 108
char = f;code = 102
char = o;code = 111
char = -;code = 45
char = a;code = 97
char = l;code = 108
char = p;code = 112
char = h;code = 104
char = a;code = 97
char = -;code = 45
char = D;code = 68
char = -;code = 45
char = q;code = 113
char = u;code = 117
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = o;code = 111
char = v;code = 118
char = o;code = 111
char = p;code = 112
char = y;code = 121
char = r;code = 114
char = a;code = 97
char = n;code = 110
char = o;code = 111
char = s;code = 115
char = y;code = 121
char = l;code = 108
char = );code = 41
char = -;code = 45
char = g;code = 103
char = l;code = 108
char = y;code = 121
char = c;code = 99
char = e;code = 101
char = r;code = 114
char = o;code = 111
char = l;code = 108
char = ;code = 32
char = (;code = 40
char = 3;code = 51
char = );code = 41
char = .;code = 46
char = ;code = 32
char = T;code = 84
char = h;code = 104
char = e;code = 101
char = i;code = 105
char = r;code = 114
char = ;code = 32
char = s;code = 115
char = t;code = 116
char = r;code = 114
char = u;code = 117
char = c;code = 99
char = t;code = 116
char = u;code = 117
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = s;code = 115
char = ;code = 32
char = w;code = 119
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result sql = Lobophora variegata, a brown alga collected from the coast of the Yucatan peninsula, Mexico, was studied for antiprotozoal activity against Giardia intestinalis, Entamoeba histolytica and Trichomonas vaginalis. The whole extract showed the highest activity against T. vaginalis, with an IC(50) value of 3.2 microg/mL. For the fractions, the best antiprotozoal activity was found in non-polar fractions. The chloroform fraction of the extract contained a major sulfoquinovosyldiacylglycerol (SQDG), identified as 1-O-palmitoyl-2-O-myristoyl-3-O-(6'''-sulfo-alpha-D-quinovopyranosyl)-glycerol (1), together with small amounts of 1,2-di-O-palmitoyl-3-O-(6'''-sulfo-alpha-D-quinovopyranosyl)-glycerol (2) and a new compound identified as 1-O-palmitoyl-2-O-oleoyl-3-O-(6'''-sulfo-alpha-D-quinovopyranosyl)-glycerol (3). Their structures were elucidated on the basis of chemical and enzymatic hydrolysis and careful analysis of FAB-MS and NMR spectroscopic data. This is the first report on the isolation of SQDGs from L. variegata. The mixture of 1-3 showed good activity against E. histolytica and moderate activity against T. vaginalis with IC(50s) of 3.9 and 8.0 microg/mL, respectively, however, the activity of 1-3 is not as effective as metronidazole. These results afford ground information for the potential use of the whole extract and fractions of this species in protozoal infections.
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result sql = The tropical brown alga Lobophora variegata: a source of antiprotozoal compounds.
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char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = h;code = 104
char = i;code = 105
char = g;code = 103
char = h;code = 104
char = e;code = 101
char = s;code = 115
char = t;code = 116
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = c;code = 99
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = v;code = 118
char = i;code = 105
char = t;code = 116
char = y;code = 121
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = g;code = 103
char = a;code = 97
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = s;code = 115
char = t;code = 116
char = ;code = 32
char = T;code = 84
char = .;code = 46
char = ;code = 32
char = v;code = 118
char = a;code = 97
char = g;code = 103
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = a;code = 97
char = l;code = 108
char = i;code = 105
char = s;code = 115
char = ,;code = 44
char = ;code = 32
char = w;code = 119
char = i;code = 105
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
char = I;code = 73
char = C;code = 67
char = (;code = 40
char = 5;code = 53
char = 0;code = 48
char = );code = 41
char = ;code = 32
char = v;code = 118
char = a;code = 97
char = l;code = 108
char = u;code = 117
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = o;code = 111
char = f;code = 102
char = ;code = 32
char = 3;code = 51
char = .;code = 46
char = 2;code = 50
char = ;code = 32
char = m;code = 109
char = i;code = 105
char = c;code = 99
char = r;code = 114
char = o;code = 111
char = g;code = 103
char = /;code = 47
char = m;code = 109
char = L;code = 76
char = .;code = 46
char = ;code = 32
char = F;code = 70
char = o;code = 111
char = r;code = 114
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = f;code = 102
char = r;code = 114
char = a;code = 97
char = c;code = 99
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = o;code = 111
char = n;code = 110
char = s;code = 115
char = ,;code = 44
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = b;code = 98
char = e;code = 101
char = s;code = 115
char = t;code = 116
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = n;code = 110
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = p;code = 112
char = r;code = 114
char = o;code = 111
char = t;code = 116
char = o;code = 111
char = z;code = 122
char = o;code = 111
char = a;code = 97
char = l;code = 108
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = c;code = 99
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = v;code = 118
char = i;code = 105
char = t;code = 116
char = y;code = 121
char = ;code = 32
char = w;code = 119
char = a;code = 97
char = s;code = 115
char = ;code = 32
char = f;code = 102
char = o;code = 111
char = u;code = 117
char = n;code = 110
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
char = n;code = 110
char = o;code = 111
char = n;code = 110
char = -;code = 45
char = p;code = 112
char = o;code = 111
char = l;code = 108
char = a;code = 97
char = r;code = 114
char = ;code = 32
char = f;code = 102
char = r;code = 114
char = a;code = 97
char = c;code = 99
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = o;code = 111
char = n;code = 110
char = s;code = 115
char = .;code = 46
char = ;code = 32
char = T;code = 84
char = h;code = 104
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = c;code = 99
char = h;code = 104
char = l;code = 108
char = o;code = 111
char = r;code = 114
char = o;code = 111
char = f;code = 102
char = o;code = 111
char = r;code = 114
char = m;code = 109
char = ;code = 32
char = f;code = 102
char = r;code = 114
char = a;code = 97
char = c;code = 99
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = o;code = 111
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
char = o;code = 111
char = f;code = 102
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = e;code = 101
char = x;code = 120
char = t;code = 116
char = r;code = 114
char = a;code = 97
char = c;code = 99
char = t;code = 116
char = ;code = 32
char = c;code = 99
char = o;code = 111
char = n;code = 110
char = t;code = 116
char = a;code = 97
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = e;code = 101
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = ;code = 32
char = m;code = 109
char = a;code = 97
char = j;code = 106
char = o;code = 111
char = r;code = 114
char = ;code = 32
char = s;code = 115
char = u;code = 117
char = l;code = 108
char = f;code = 102
char = o;code = 111
char = q;code = 113
char = u;code = 117
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = o;code = 111
char = v;code = 118
char = o;code = 111
char = s;code = 115
char = y;code = 121
char = l;code = 108
char = d;code = 100
char = i;code = 105
char = a;code = 97
char = c;code = 99
char = y;code = 121
char = l;code = 108
char = g;code = 103
char = l;code = 108
char = y;code = 121
char = c;code = 99
char = e;code = 101
char = r;code = 114
char = o;code = 111
char = l;code = 108
char = ;code = 32
char = (;code = 40
char = S;code = 83
char = Q;code = 81
char = D;code = 68
char = G;code = 71
char = );code = 41
char = ,;code = 44
char = ;code = 32
char = i;code = 105
char = d;code = 100
char = e;code = 101
char = n;code = 110
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = f;code = 102
char = i;code = 105
char = e;code = 101
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = s;code = 115
char = ;code = 32
char = 1;code = 49
char = -;code = 45
char = O;code = 79
char = -;code = 45
char = p;code = 112
char = a;code = 97
char = l;code = 108
char = m;code = 109
char = i;code = 105
char = t;code = 116
char = o;code = 111
char = y;code = 121
char = l;code = 108
char = -;code = 45
char = 2;code = 50
char = -;code = 45
char = O;code = 79
char = -;code = 45
char = m;code = 109
char = y;code = 121
char = r;code = 114
char = i;code = 105
char = s;code = 115
char = t;code = 116
char = o;code = 111
char = y;code = 121
char = l;code = 108
char = -;code = 45
char = 3;code = 51
char = -;code = 45
char = O;code = 79
char = -;code = 45
char = (;code = 40
char = 6;code = 54
char = ';code = 39
char = ';code = 39
char = ';code = 39
char = -;code = 45
char = s;code = 115
char = u;code = 117
char = l;code = 108
char = f;code = 102
char = o;code = 111
char = -;code = 45
char = a;code = 97
char = l;code = 108
char = p;code = 112
char = h;code = 104
char = a;code = 97
char = -;code = 45
char = D;code = 68
char = -;code = 45
char = q;code = 113
char = u;code = 117
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = o;code = 111
char = v;code = 118
char = o;code = 111
char = p;code = 112
char = y;code = 121
char = r;code = 114
char = a;code = 97
char = n;code = 110
char = o;code = 111
char = s;code = 115
char = y;code = 121
char = l;code = 108
char = );code = 41
char = -;code = 45
char = g;code = 103
char = l;code = 108
char = y;code = 121
char = c;code = 99
char = e;code = 101
char = r;code = 114
char = o;code = 111
char = l;code = 108
char = ;code = 32
char = (;code = 40
char = 1;code = 49
char = );code = 41
char = ,;code = 44
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = o;code = 111
char = g;code = 103
char = e;code = 101
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = e;code = 101
char = r;code = 114
char = ;code = 32
char = w;code = 119
char = i;code = 105
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = ;code = 32
char = s;code = 115
char = m;code = 109
char = a;code = 97
char = l;code = 108
char = l;code = 108
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = m;code = 109
char = o;code = 111
char = u;code = 117
char = n;code = 110
char = t;code = 116
char = s;code = 115
char = ;code = 32
char = o;code = 111
char = f;code = 102
char = ;code = 32
char = 1;code = 49
char = ,;code = 44
char = 2;code = 50
char = -;code = 45
char = d;code = 100
char = i;code = 105
char = -;code = 45
char = O;code = 79
char = -;code = 45
char = p;code = 112
char = a;code = 97
char = l;code = 108
char = m;code = 109
char = i;code = 105
char = t;code = 116
char = o;code = 111
char = y;code = 121
char = l;code = 108
char = -;code = 45
char = 3;code = 51
char = -;code = 45
char = O;code = 79
char = -;code = 45
char = (;code = 40
char = 6;code = 54
char = ';code = 39
char = ';code = 39
char = ';code = 39
char = -;code = 45
char = s;code = 115
char = u;code = 117
char = l;code = 108
char = f;code = 102
char = o;code = 111
char = -;code = 45
char = a;code = 97
char = l;code = 108
char = p;code = 112
char = h;code = 104
char = a;code = 97
char = -;code = 45
char = D;code = 68
char = -;code = 45
char = q;code = 113
char = u;code = 117
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = o;code = 111
char = v;code = 118
char = o;code = 111
char = p;code = 112
char = y;code = 121
char = r;code = 114
char = a;code = 97
char = n;code = 110
char = o;code = 111
char = s;code = 115
char = y;code = 121
char = l;code = 108
char = );code = 41
char = -;code = 45
char = g;code = 103
char = l;code = 108
char = y;code = 121
char = c;code = 99
char = e;code = 101
char = r;code = 114
char = o;code = 111
char = l;code = 108
char = ;code = 32
char = (;code = 40
char = 2;code = 50
char = );code = 41
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = n;code = 110
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = ;code = 32
char = n;code = 110
char = e;code = 101
char = w;code = 119
char = ;code = 32
char = c;code = 99
char = o;code = 111
char = m;code = 109
char = p;code = 112
char = o;code = 111
char = u;code = 117
char = n;code = 110
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = i;code = 105
char = d;code = 100
char = e;code = 101
char = n;code = 110
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = f;code = 102
char = i;code = 105
char = e;code = 101
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = s;code = 115
char = ;code = 32
char = 1;code = 49
char = -;code = 45
char = O;code = 79
char = -;code = 45
char = p;code = 112
char = a;code = 97
char = l;code = 108
char = m;code = 109
char = i;code = 105
char = t;code = 116
char = o;code = 111
char = y;code = 121
char = l;code = 108
char = -;code = 45
char = 2;code = 50
char = -;code = 45
char = O;code = 79
char = -;code = 45
char = o;code = 111
char = l;code = 108
char = e;code = 101
char = o;code = 111
char = y;code = 121
char = l;code = 108
char = -;code = 45
char = 3;code = 51
char = -;code = 45
char = O;code = 79
char = -;code = 45
char = (;code = 40
char = 6;code = 54
char = ';code = 39
char = ';code = 39
char = ';code = 39
char = -;code = 45
char = s;code = 115
char = u;code = 117
char = l;code = 108
char = f;code = 102
char = o;code = 111
char = -;code = 45
char = a;code = 97
char = l;code = 108
char = p;code = 112
char = h;code = 104
char = a;code = 97
char = -;code = 45
char = D;code = 68
char = -;code = 45
char = q;code = 113
char = u;code = 117
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = o;code = 111
char = v;code = 118
char = o;code = 111
char = p;code = 112
char = y;code = 121
char = r;code = 114
char = a;code = 97
char = n;code = 110
char = o;code = 111
char = s;code = 115
char = y;code = 121
char = l;code = 108
char = );code = 41
char = -;code = 45
char = g;code = 103
char = l;code = 108
char = y;code = 121
char = c;code = 99
char = e;code = 101
char = r;code = 114
char = o;code = 111
char = l;code = 108
char = ;code = 32
char = (;code = 40
char = 3;code = 51
char = );code = 41
char = .;code = 46
char = ;code = 32
char = T;code = 84
char = h;code = 104
char = e;code = 101
char = i;code = 105
char = r;code = 114
char = ;code = 32
char = s;code = 115
char = t;code = 116
char = r;code = 114
char = u;code = 117
char = c;code = 99
char = t;code = 116
char = u;code = 117
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = s;code = 115
char = ;code = 32
char = w;code = 119
char = e;code = 101
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = e;code = 101
char = l;code = 108
char = u;code = 117
char = c;code = 99
char = i;code = 105
char = d;code = 100
char = a;code = 97
char = t;code = 116
char = e;code = 101
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = o;code = 111
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = b;code = 98
char = a;code = 97
char = s;code = 115
char = i;code = 105
char = s;code = 115
char = ;code = 32
char = o;code = 111
char = f;code = 102
char = ;code = 32
char = c;code = 99
char = h;code = 104
char = e;code = 101
char = m;code = 109
char = i;code = 105
char = c;code = 99
char = a;code = 97
char = l;code = 108
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = n;code = 110
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = e;code = 101
char = n;code = 110
char = z;code = 122
char = y;code = 121
char = m;code = 109
char = a;code = 97
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = c;code = 99
char = ;code = 32
char = h;code = 104
char = y;code = 121
char = d;code = 100
char = r;code = 114
char = o;code = 111
char = l;code = 108
char = y;code = 121
char = s;code = 115
char = i;code = 105
char = s;code = 115
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = n;code = 110
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = c;code = 99
char = a;code = 97
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = f;code = 102
char = u;code = 117
char = l;code = 108
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = n;code = 110
char = a;code = 97
char = l;code = 108
char = y;code = 121
char = s;code = 115
char = i;code = 105
char = s;code = 115
char = ;code = 32
char = o;code = 111
char = f;code = 102
char = ;code = 32
char = F;code = 70
char = A;code = 65
char = B;code = 66
char = -;code = 45
char = M;code = 77
char = S;code = 83
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = n;code = 110
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = N;code = 78
char = M;code = 77
char = R;code = 82
char = ;code = 32
char = s;code = 115
char = p;code = 112
char = e;code = 101
char = c;code = 99
char = t;code = 116
char = r;code = 114
char = o;code = 111
char = s;code = 115
char = c;code = 99
char = o;code = 111
char = p;code = 112
char = i;code = 105
char = c;code = 99
char = ;code = 32
char = d;code = 100
char = a;code = 97
char = t;code = 116
char = a;code = 97
char = .;code = 46
char = ;code = 32
char = T;code = 84
char = h;code = 104
char = i;code = 105
char = s;code = 115
char = ;code = 32
char = i;code = 105
char = s;code = 115
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = f;code = 102
char = i;code = 105
char = r;code = 114
char = s;code = 115
char = t;code = 116
char = ;code = 32
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = p;code = 112
char = o;code = 111
char = r;code = 114
char = t;code = 116
char = ;code = 32
char = o;code = 111
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = i;code = 105
char = s;code = 115
char = o;code = 111
char = l;code = 108
char = a;code = 97
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = o;code = 111
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
char = o;code = 111
char = f;code = 102
char = ;code = 32
char = S;code = 83
char = Q;code = 81
char = D;code = 68
char = G;code = 71
char = s;code = 115
char = ;code = 32
char = f;code = 102
char = r;code = 114
char = o;code = 111
char = m;code = 109
char = ;code = 32
char = L;code = 76
char = .;code = 46
char = ;code = 32
char = v;code = 118
char = a;code = 97
char = r;code = 114
char = i;code = 105
char = e;code = 101
char = g;code = 103
char = a;code = 97
char = t;code = 116
char = a;code = 97
char = .;code = 46
char = ;code = 32
char = T;code = 84
char = h;code = 104
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = m;code = 109
char = i;code = 105
char = x;code = 120
char = t;code = 116
char = u;code = 117
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = o;code = 111
char = f;code = 102
char = ;code = 32
char = 1;code = 49
char = -;code = 45
char = 3;code = 51
char = ;code = 32
char = s;code = 115
char = h;code = 104
char = o;code = 111
char = w;code = 119
char = e;code = 101
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = g;code = 103
char = o;code = 111
char = o;code = 111
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = c;code = 99
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = v;code = 118
char = i;code = 105
char = t;code = 116
char = y;code = 121
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = g;code = 103
char = a;code = 97
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = s;code = 115
char = t;code = 116
char = ;code = 32
char = E;code = 69
char = .;code = 46
char = ;code = 32
char = h;code = 104
char = i;code = 105
char = s;code = 115
char = t;code = 116
char = o;code = 111
char = l;code = 108
char = y;code = 121
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = c;code = 99
char = a;code = 97
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = n;code = 110
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = m;code = 109
char = o;code = 111
char = d;code = 100
char = e;code = 101
char = r;code = 114
char = a;code = 97
char = t;code = 116
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = c;code = 99
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = v;code = 118
char = i;code = 105
char = t;code = 116
char = y;code = 121
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = g;code = 103
char = a;code = 97
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = s;code = 115
char = t;code = 116
char = ;code = 32
char = T;code = 84
char = .;code = 46
char = ;code = 32
char = v;code = 118
char = a;code = 97
char = g;code = 103
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = a;code = 97
char = l;code = 108
char = i;code = 105
char = s;code = 115
char = ;code = 32
char = w;code = 119
char = i;code = 105
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = ;code = 32
char = I;code = 73
char = C;code = 67
char = (;code = 40
char = 5;code = 53
char = 0;code = 48
char = s;code = 115
char = );code = 41
char = ;code = 32
char = o;code = 111
char = f;code = 102
char = ;code = 32
char = 3;code = 51
char = .;code = 46
char = 9;code = 57
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = n;code = 110
char = d;code = 100
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result sql = Lobophora variegata, a brown alga collected from the coast of the Yucatan peninsula, Mexico, was studied for antiprotozoal activity against Giardia intestinalis, Entamoeba histolytica and Trichomonas vaginalis. The whole extract showed the highest activity against T. vaginalis, with an IC(50) value of 3.2 microg/mL. For the fractions, the best antiprotozoal activity was found in non-polar fractions. The chloroform fraction of the extract contained a major sulfoquinovosyldiacylglycerol (SQDG), identified as 1-O-palmitoyl-2-O-myristoyl-3-O-(6'''-sulfo-alpha-D-quinovopyranosyl)-glycerol (1), together with small amounts of 1,2-di-O-palmitoyl-3-O-(6'''-sulfo-alpha-D-quinovopyranosyl)-glycerol (2) and a new compound identified as 1-O-palmitoyl-2-O-oleoyl-3-O-(6'''-sulfo-alpha-D-quinovopyranosyl)-glycerol (3). Their structures were elucidated on the basis of chemical and enzymatic hydrolysis and careful analysis of FAB-MS and NMR spectroscopic data. This is the first report on the isolation of SQDGs from L. variegata. The mixture of 1-3 showed good activity against E. histolytica and moderate activity against T. vaginalis with IC(50s) of 3.9 and 8.0 microg/mL, respectively, however, the activity of 1-3 is not as effective as metronidazole. These results afford ground information for the potential use of the whole extract and fractions of this species in protozoal infections.
Publication: Mar Drugs 2010 ;8(4)::1292-304. :doi: 10.3390/md8041292.
Publication Date: 2010
Study Author(s): Cantillo-Ciau, Zulema;Moo-Puc, Rosa;Quijano, Leovigildo;Freile-Pelegrín, Yolanda;
Institution: Department of Marine Resources, Cinvestav, Km 6 Carretera Antigua a Progreso, Cordemex, 97310, A.P. 73, Mérida, Yucatán, México. [email protected]
Shortcut link to this study:
Publication Date: 2010
Study Author(s): Cantillo-Ciau, Zulema;Moo-Puc, Rosa;Quijano, Leovigildo;Freile-Pelegrín, Yolanda;
Institution: Department of Marine Resources, Cinvestav, Km 6 Carretera Antigua a Progreso, Cordemex, 97310, A.P. 73, Mérida, Yucatán, México. [email protected]
Shortcut link to this study:
Lobophora variegata, a brown alga collected from the coast of the Yucatan peninsula, Mexico, was studied for antiprotozoal activity against Giardia intestinalis, Entamoeba histolytica and Trichomonas vaginalis. The whole extract showed the highest activity against T. vaginalis, with an IC(50) value of 3.2 microg/mL. For the fractions, the best antiprotozoal activity was found in non-polar fractions. The chloroform fraction of the extract contained a major sulfoquinovosyldiacylglycerol (SQDG), identified as 1-O-palmitoyl-2-O-myristoyl-3-O-(6'''-sulfo-alpha-D-quinovopyranosyl)-glycerol (1), together with small amounts of 1,2-di-O-palmitoyl-3-O-(6'''-sulfo-alpha-D-quinovopyranosyl)-glycerol (2) and a new compound identified as 1-O-palmitoyl-2-O-oleoyl-3-O-(6'''-sulfo-alpha-D-quinovopyranosyl)-glycerol (3). Their structures were elucidated on the basis of chemical and enzymatic hydrolysis and careful analysis of FAB-MS and NMR spectroscopic data. This is the first report on the isolation of SQDGs from L. variegata. The mixture of 1-3 showed good activity against E. histolytica and moderate activity against T. vaginalis with IC(50s) of 3.9 and 8.0 microg/mL, respectively, however, the activity of 1-3 is not as effective as metronidazole. These results afford ground information for the potential use of the whole extract and fractions of this species in protozoal infections.
PMID: 20479979
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