char = L;code = 76 char = a;code = 97 char = r;code = 114 char = v;code = 118 char = i;code = 105 char = c;code = 99 char = i;code = 105 char = d;code = 100 char = a;code = 97 char = l;code = 108 char = ;code = 32 char = a;code = 97 char = c;code = 99 char = t;code = 116 char = i;code = 105 char = v;code = 118 char = i;code = 105 char = t;code = 116 char = i;code = 105 char = e;code = 101 char = s;code = 115 char = ;code = 32 char = o;code = 111 char = f;code = 102 char = ;code = 32 char = g;code = 103 char = i;code = 105 char = n;code = 110 char = g;code = 103 char = e;code = 101 char = r;code = 114 char = ;code = 32 char = (;code = 40 char = Z;code = 90 char = i;code = 105 char = n;code = 110 char = g;code = 103 char = i;code = 105 char = b;code = 98 char = e;code = 101 char = r;code = 114 char = ;code = 32 char = o;code = 111 char = f;code = 102 char = f;code = 102 char = i;code = 105 char = c;code = 99 char = i;code = 105 char = n;code = 110 char = a;code = 97 char = l;code = 108 char = e;code = 101 char = );code = 41 char = ;code = 32 char = a;code = 97 char = g;code = 103 char = a;code = 97 char = i;code = 105 char = n;code = 110 char = s;code = 115 char = t;code = 116 char = ;code = 32 char = A;code = 65 char = n;code = 110 char = g;code = 103 char = i;code = 105 char = o;code = 111 char = s;code = 115 char = t;code = 116 char = r;code = 114 char = o;code = 111 char = n;code = 110 char = g;code = 103 char = y;code = 121 char = l;code = 108 char = u;code = 117 char = s;code = 115 char = ;code = 32 char = c;code = 99 char = a;code = 97 char = n;code = 110 char = t;code = 116 char = o;code = 111 char = n;code = 110 char = e;code = 101 char = n;code = 110 char = s;code = 115 char = i;code = 105 char = s;code = 115 char = .;code = 46 result sql = Larvicidal activities of ginger (Zingiber officinale) against Angiostrongylus cantonensis.
Larvicidal activities of ginger (Zingiber officinale) against Angiostrongylus cantonensis.char = I;code = 73 char = n;code = 110 char = ;code = 32 char = t;code = 116 char = h;code = 104 char = i;code = 105 char = s;code = 115 char = ;code = 32 char = s;code = 115 char = t;code = 116 char = u;code = 117 char = d;code = 100 char = y;code = 121 char = ,;code = 44 char = ;code = 32 char = w;code = 119 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = i;code = 105 char = n;code = 110 char = v;code = 118 char = e;code = 101 char = s;code = 115 char = t;code = 116 char = i;code = 105 char = g;code = 103 char = a;code = 97 char = t;code = 116 char = e;code = 101 char = d;code = 100 char = ;code = 32 char = t;code = 116 char = h;code = 104 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = a;code = 97 char = n;code = 110 char = t;code = 116 char = h;code = 104 char = e;code = 101 char = l;code = 108 char = m;code = 109 char = i;code = 105 char = n;code = 110 char = t;code = 116 char = i;code = 105 char = c;code = 99 char = ;code = 32 char = a;code = 97 char = c;code = 99 char = t;code = 116 char = i;code = 105 char = v;code = 118 char = i;code = 105 char = t;code = 116 char = y;code = 121 char = ;code = 32 char = o;code = 111 char = f;code = 102 char = ;code = 32 char = [;code = 91 char = 6;code = 54 char = ];code = 93 char = -;code = 45 char = g;code = 103 char = i;code = 105 char = n;code = 110 char = g;code = 103 char = e;code = 101 char = r;code = 114 char = o;code = 111 char = l;code = 108 char = ,;code = 44 char = ;code = 32 char = [;code = 91 char = 1;code = 49 char = 0;code = 48 char = ];code = 93 char = -;code = 45 char = s;code = 115 char = h;code = 104 char = o;code = 111 char = g;code = 103 char = a;code = 97 char = o;code = 111 char = l;code = 108 char = ,;code = 44 char = ;code = 32 char = [;code = 91 char = 1;code = 49 char = 0;code = 48 char = ];code = 93 char = -;code = 45 char = g;code = 103 char = i;code = 105 char = n;code = 110 char = g;code = 103 char = e;code = 101 char = r;code = 114 char = o;code = 111 char = l;code = 108 char = ,;code = 44 char = ;code = 32 char = [;code = 91 char = 6;code = 54 char = ];code = 93 char = -;code = 45 char = s;code = 115 char = h;code = 104 char = o;code = 111 char = g;code = 103 char = a;code = 97 char = o;code = 111 char = l;code = 108 char = ;code = 32 char = a;code = 97 char = n;code = 110 char = d;code = 100 char = ;code = 32 char = h;code = 104 char = e;code = 101 char = x;code = 120 char = a;code = 97 char = h;code = 104 char = y;code = 121 char = d;code = 100 char = r;code = 114 char = o;code = 111 char = c;code = 99 char = u;code = 117 char = r;code = 114 char = c;code = 99 char = u;code = 117 char = m;code = 109 char = i;code = 105 char = n;code = 110 char = ,;code = 44 char = ;code = 32 char = a;code = 97 char = ;code = 32 char = c;code = 99 char = o;code = 111 char = n;code = 110 char = s;code = 115 char = t;code = 116 char = i;code = 105 char = t;code = 116 char = u;code = 117 char = e;code = 101 char = n;code = 110 char = t;code = 116 char = ;code = 32 char = i;code = 105 char = s;code = 115 char = o;code = 111 char = l;code = 108 char = a;code = 97 char = t;code = 116 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = f;code = 102 char = r;code = 114 char = o;code = 111 char = m;code = 109 char = ;code = 32 char = t;code = 116 char = h;code = 104 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = r;code = 114 char = o;code = 111 char = o;code = 111 char = t;code = 116 char = s;code = 115 char = ;code = 32 char = o;code = 111 char = f;code = 102 char = ;code = 32 char = g;code = 103 char = i;code = 105 char = n;code = 110 char = g;code = 103 char = e;code = 101 char = r;code = 114 char = ;code = 32 char = (;code = 40 char = Z;code = 90 char = i;code = 105 char = n;code = 110 char = g;code = 103 char = i;code = 105 char = b;code = 98 char = e;code = 101 char = r;code = 114 char = ;code = 32 char = o;code = 111 char = f;code = 102 char = f;code = 102 char = i;code = 105 char = c;code = 99 char = i;code = 105 char = n;code = 110 char = a;code = 97 char = l;code = 108 char = e;code = 101 char = );code = 41 char = ,;code = 44 char = ;code = 32 char = f;code = 102 char = o;code = 111 char = r;code = 114 char = ;code = 32 char = t;code = 116 char = h;code = 104 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = p;code = 112 char = a;code = 97 char = r;code = 114 char = a;code = 97 char = s;code = 115 char = i;code = 105 char = t;code = 116 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = A;code = 65 char = n;code = 110 char = g;code = 103 char = i;code = 105 char = o;code = 111 char = s;code = 115 char = t;code = 116 char = r;code = 114 char = o;code = 111 char = n;code = 110 char = g;code = 103 char = y;code = 121 char = l;code = 108 char = u;code = 117 char = s;code = 115 char = ;code = 32 char = c;code = 99 char = a;code = 97 char = n;code = 110 char = t;code = 116 char = o;code = 111 char = n;code = 110 char = e;code = 101 char = n;code = 110 char = s;code = 115 char = i;code = 105 char = s;code = 115 char = .;code = 46 char = ;code = 32 char = T;code = 84 char = h;code = 104 char = i;code = 105 char = s;code = 115 char = ;code = 32 char = s;code = 115 char = t;code = 116 char = u;code = 117 char = d;code = 100 char = y;code = 121 char = ;code = 32 char = f;code = 102 char = o;code = 111 char = u;code = 117 char = n;code = 110 char = d;code = 100 char = ;code = 32 char = t;code = 116 char = h;code = 104 char = a;code = 97 char = t;code = 116 char = ;code = 32 char = t;code = 116 char = h;code = 104 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = a;code = 97 char = b;code = 98 char = o;code = 111 char = v;code = 118 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = c;code = 99 char = o;code = 111 char = n;code = 110 char = s;code = 115 char = t;code = 116 char = i;code = 105 char = t;code = 116 char = u;code = 117 char = e;code = 101 char = n;code = 110 char = t;code = 116 char = s;code = 115 char = ;code = 32 char = k;code = 107 char = i;code = 105 char = l;code = 108 char = l;code = 108 char = e;code = 101 char = d;code = 100 char = ;code = 32 char = A;code = 65 char = .;code = 46 char = ;code = 32 char = c;code = 99 char = a;code = 97 char = n;code = 110 char = t;code = 116 char = o;code = 111 char = n;code = 110 char = e;code = 101 char = n;code = 110 char = s;code = 115 char = i;code = 105 char = s;code = 115 char = ;code = 32 char = l;code = 108 char = a;code = 97 char = r;code = 114 char = v;code = 118 char = a;code = 97 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = o;code = 111 char = r;code = 114 char = ;code = 32 char = r;code = 114 char = e;code = 101 char = d;code = 100 char = u;code = 117 char = c;code = 99 char = e;code = 101 char = d;code = 100 char = ;code = 32 char = t;code = 116 char = h;code = 104 char = e;code = 101 char = i;code = 105 char = r;code = 114 char = ;code = 32 char = s;code = 115 char = p;code = 112 char = o;code = 111 char = n;code = 110 char = t;code = 116 char = a;code = 97 char = n;code = 110 char = e;code = 101 char = o;code = 111 char = u;code = 117 char = s;code = 115 char = ;code = 32 char = m;code = 109 char = o;code = 111 char = v;code = 118 char = e;code = 101 char = m;code = 109 char = e;code = 101 char = n;code = 110 char = t;code = 116 char = s;code = 115 char = ;code = 32 char = i;code = 105 char = n;code = 110 char = ;code = 32 char = a;code = 97 char = ;code = 32 char = t;code = 116 char = i;code = 105 char = m;code = 109 char = e;code = 101 char = -;code = 45 char = ;code = 32 char = a;code = 97 char = n;code = 110 char = d;code = 100 char = ;code = 32 char = d;code = 100 char = o;code = 111 char = s;code = 115 char = e;code = 101 char = -;code = 45 char = d;code = 100 char = e;code = 101 char = p;code = 112 char = e;code = 101 char = n;code = 110 char = d;code = 100 char = e;code = 101 char = n;code = 110 char = t;code = 116 char = ;code = 32 char = m;code = 109 char = a;code = 97 char = n;code = 110 char = n;code = 110 char = e;code = 101 char = r;code = 114 char = .;code = 46 char = ;code = 32 char = T;code = 84 char = h;code = 104 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = l;code = 108 char = a;code = 97 char = r;code = 114 char = v;code = 118 char = i;code = 105 char = c;code = 99 char = i;code = 105 char = d;code = 100 char = a;code = 97 char = l;code = 108 char = ;code = 32 char = e;code = 101 char = f;code = 102 char = f;code = 102 char = e;code = 101 char = c;code = 99 char = t;code = 116 char = ;code = 32 char = o;code = 111 char = r;code = 114 char = ;code = 32 char = a;code = 97 char = b;code = 98 char = i;code = 105 char = l;code = 108 char = i;code = 105 char = t;code = 116 char = y;code = 121 char = ;code = 32 char = t;code = 116 char = o;code = 111 char = ;code = 32 char = h;code = 104 char = a;code = 97 char = l;code = 108 char = t;code = 116 char = ;code = 32 char = s;code = 115 char = p;code = 112 char = o;code = 111 char = n;code = 110 char = t;code = 116 char = a;code = 97 char = n;code = 110 char = e;code = 101 char = o;code = 111 char = u;code = 117 char = s;code = 115 char = ;code = 32 char = p;code = 112 char = a;code = 97 char = r;code = 114 char = a;code = 97 char = s;code = 115 char = i;code = 105 char = t;code = 116 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = m;code = 109 char = o;code = 111 char = v;code = 118 char = e;code = 101 char = m;code = 109 char = e;code = 101 char = n;code = 110 char = t;code = 116 char = ;code = 32 char = o;code = 111 char = f;code = 102 char = ;code = 32 char = [;code = 91 char = 1;code = 49 char = 0;code = 48 char = ];code = 93 char = -;code = 45 char = s;code = 115 char = h;code = 104 char = o;code = 111 char = g;code = 103 char = a;code = 97 char = o;code = 111 char = l;code = 108 char = ,;code = 44 char = ;code = 32 char = [;code = 91 char = 6;code = 54 char = ];code = 93 char = -;code = 45 char = g;code = 103 char = i;code = 105 char = n;code = 110 char = g;code = 103 char = e;code = 101 char = r;code = 114 char = o;code = 111 char = l;code = 108 char = ,;code = 44 char = ;code = 32 char = [;code = 91 char = 1;code = 49 char = 0;code = 48 char = ];code = 93 char = -;code = 45 char = g;code = 103 char = i;code = 105 char = n;code = 110 char = g;code = 103 char = e;code = 101 char = r;code = 114 char = o;code = 111 char = l;code = 108 char = ,;code = 44 char = ;code = 32 char = [;code = 91 char = 6;code = 54 char = ];code = 93 char = -;code = 45 char = s;code = 115 char = h;code = 104 char = o;code = 111 char = g;code = 103 char = a;code = 97 char = o;code = 111 char = l;code = 108 char = ;code = 32 char = a;code = 97 char = n;code = 110 char = d;code = 100 char = ;code = 32 char = h;code = 104 char = e;code = 101 char = x;code = 120 char = a;code = 97 char = h;code = 104 char = y;code = 121 char = d;code = 100 char = r;code = 114 char = o;code = 111 char = c;code = 99 char = u;code = 117 char = r;code = 114 char = c;code = 99 char = u;code = 117 char = m;code = 109 char = i;code = 105 char = n;code = 110 char = ;code = 32 char = a;code = 97 char = t;code = 116 char = ;code = 32 char = v;code = 118 char = a;code = 97 char = r;code = 114 char = i;code = 105 char = o;code = 111 char = u;code = 117 char = s;code = 115 char = ;code = 32 char = c;code = 99 char = o;code = 111 char = n;code = 110 char = c;code = 99 char = e;code = 101 char = n;code = 110 char = t;code = 116 char = r;code = 114 char = a;code = 97 char = t;code = 116 char = i;code = 105 char = o;code = 111 char = n;code = 110 char = s;code = 115 char = ;code = 32 char = w;code = 119 char = a;code = 97 char = s;code = 115 char = ;code = 32 char = r;code = 114 char = e;code = 101 char = a;code = 97 char = c;code = 99 char = h;code = 104 char = e;code = 101 char = d;code = 100 char = ;code = 32 char = f;code = 102 char = r;code = 114 char = o;code = 111 char = m;code = 109 char = ;code = 32 char = 2;code = 50 char = 4;code = 52 char = ;code = 32 char = t;code = 116 char = o;code = 111 char = ;code = 32 char = 7;code = 55 char = 2;code = 50 char = ;code = 32 char = h;code = 104 char = ,;code = 44 char = ;code = 32 char = r;code = 114 char = e;code = 101 char = s;code = 115 char = p;code = 112 char = e;code = 101 char = c;code = 99 char = t;code = 116 char = i;code = 105 char = v;code = 118 char = e;code = 101 char = l;code = 108 char = y;code = 121 char = .;code = 46 char = ;code = 32 char = F;code = 70 char = u;code = 117 char = r;code = 114 char = t;code = 116 char = h;code = 104 char = e;code = 101 char = r;code = 114 char = ;code = 32 char = i;code = 105 char = n;code = 110 char = v;code = 118 char = e;code = 101 char = s;code = 115 char = t;code = 116 char = i;code = 105 char = g;code = 103 char = a;code = 97 char = t;code = 116 char = i;code = 105 char = o;code = 111 char = n;code = 110 char = ;code = 32 char = t;code = 116 char = o;code = 111 char = ;code = 32 char = d;code = 100 char = e;code = 101 char = t;code = 116 char = e;code = 101 char = r;code = 114 char = m;code = 109 char = i;code = 105 char = n;code = 110 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = m;code = 109 char = i;code = 105 char = n;code = 110 char = i;code = 105 char = m;code = 109 char = a;code = 97 char = l;code = 108 char = ;code = 32 char = e;code = 101 char = f;code = 102 char = f;code = 102 char = e;code = 101 char = c;code = 99 char = t;code = 116 char = i;code = 105 char = v;code = 118 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = d;code = 100 char = o;code = 111 char = s;code = 115 char = e;code = 101 char = s;code = 115 char = ;code = 32 char = o;code = 111 char = f;code = 102 char = ;code = 32 char = [;code = 91 char = 1;code = 49 char = 0;code = 48 char = ];code = 93 char = -;code = 45 char = g;code = 103 char = i;code = 105 char = n;code = 110 char = g;code = 103 char = e;code = 101 char = r;code = 114 char = o;code = 111 char = l;code = 108 char = ;code = 32 char = a;code = 97 char = n;code = 110 char = d;code = 100 char = ;code = 32 char = h;code = 104 char = e;code = 101 char = x;code = 120 char = a;code = 97 char = h;code = 104 char = y;code = 121 char = d;code = 100 char = r;code = 114 char = o;code = 111 char = c;code = 99 char = u;code = 117 char = r;code = 114 char = c;code = 99 char = u;code = 117 char = m;code = 109 char = i;code = 105 char = n;code = 110 char = ;code = 32 char = r;code = 114 char = e;code = 101 char = v;code = 118 char = e;code = 101 char = a;code = 97 char = l;code = 108 char = e;code = 101 char = d;code = 100 char = ;code = 32 char = [;code = 91 char = 1;code = 49 char = 0;code = 48 char = ];code = 93 char = -;code = 45 char = g;code = 103 char = i;code = 105 char = n;code = 110 char = g;code = 103 char = e;code = 101 char = r;code = 114 char = o;code = 111 char = l;code = 108 char = ;code = 32 char = t;code = 116 char = o;code = 111 char = ;code = 32 char = h;code = 104 char = a;code = 97 char = v;code = 118 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = a;code = 97 char = ;code = 32 char = g;code = 103 char = r;code = 114 char = e;code = 101 char = a;code = 97 char = t;code = 116 char = e;code = 101 char = r;code = 114 char = ;code = 32 char = m;code = 109 char = a;code = 97 char = x;code = 120 char = i;code = 105 char = m;code = 109 char = u;code = 117 char = m;code = 109 char = ;code = 32 char = l;code = 108 char = a;code = 97 char = r;code = 114 char = v;code = 118 char = i;code = 105 char = c;code = 99 char = i;code = 105 char = d;code = 100 char = a;code = 97 char = l;code = 108 char = ;code = 32 char = e;code = 101 char = f;code = 102 char = f;code = 102 char = e;code = 101 char = c;code = 99 char = t;code = 116 char = ;code = 32 char = a;code = 97 char = n;code = 110 char = d;code = 100 char = ;code = 32 char = l;code = 108 char = o;code = 111 char = s;code = 115 char = s;code = 115 char = ;code = 32 char = o;code = 111 char = f;code = 102 char = ;code = 32 char = s;code = 115 char = p;code = 112 char = o;code = 111 char = n;code = 110 char = t;code = 116 char = a;code = 97 char = n;code = 110 char = e;code = 101 char = o;code = 111 char = u;code = 117 char = s;code = 115 char = ;code = 32 char = m;code = 109 char = o;code = 111 char = v;code = 118 char = e;code = 101 char = m;code = 109 char = e;code = 101 char = n;code = 110 char = t;code = 116 char = s;code = 115 char = ;code = 32 char = t;code = 116 char = h;code = 104 char = a;code = 97 char = n;code = 110 char = ;code = 32 char = h;code = 104 char = e;code = 101 char = x;code = 120 char = a;code = 97 char = h;code = 104 char = y;code = 121 char = d;code = 100 char = r;code = 114 char = o;code = 111 char = c;code = 99 char = u;code = 117 char = r;code = 114 char = c;code = 99 char = u;code = 117 char = m;code = 109 char = i;code = 105 char = n;code = 110 char = ,;code = 44 char = ;code = 32 char = m;code = 109 char = e;code = 101 char = b;code = 98 char = e;code = 101 char = n;code = 110 char = d;code = 100 char = a;code = 97 char = z;code = 122 char = o;code = 111 char = l;code = 108 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = a;code = 97 char = n;code = 110 char = d;code = 100 char = ;code = 32 char = a;code = 97 char = l;code = 108 char = b;code = 98 char = e;code = 101 char = n;code = 110 char = d;code = 100 char = a;code = 97 char = z;code = 122 char = o;code = 111 char = l;code = 108 char = e;code = 101 char = .;code = 46 char = ;code = 32 char = T;code = 84 char = h;code = 104 char = e;code = 101 char = s;code = 115 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = c;code = 99 char = o;code = 111 char = n;code = 110 char = s;code = 115 char = t;code = 116 char = i;code = 105 char = t;code = 116 char = u;code = 117 char = e;code = 101 char = n;code = 110 char = t;code = 116 char = s;code = 115 char = ;code = 32 char = o;code = 111 char = f;code = 102 char = ;code = 32 char = g;code = 103 char = i;code = 105 char = n;code = 110 char = g;code = 103 char = e;code = 101 char = r;code = 114 char = ;code = 32 char = s;code = 115 char = h;code = 104 char = o;code = 111 char = w;code = 119 char = e;code = 101 char = d;code = 100 char = ;code = 32 char = e;code = 101 char = f;code = 102 char = f;code = 102 char = e;code = 101 char = c;code = 99 char = t;code = 116 char = s;code = 115 char = ;code = 32 char = a;code = 97 char = g;code = 103 char = a;code = 97 char = i;code = 105 char = n;code = 110 char = s;code = 115 char = t;code = 116 char = ;code = 32 char = D;code = 68 char = P;code = 80 char = P;code = 80 char = H;code = 72 char = ;code = 32 char = a;code = 97 char = n;code = 110 char = d;code = 100 char = ;code = 32 char = p;code = 112 char = e;code = 101 char = r;code = 114 char = o;code = 111 char = x;code = 120 char = y;code = 121 char = l;code = 108 char = ;code = 32 char = r;code = 114 char = a;code = 97 char = d;code = 100 char = i;code = 105 char = c;code = 99 char = a;code = 97 char = l;code = 108 char = ;code = 32 char = u;code = 117 char = n;code = 110 char = d;code = 100 char = e;code = 101 char = r;code = 114 char = ;code = 32 char = l;code = 108 char = a;code = 97 char = r;code = 114 char = v;code = 118 char = i;code = 105 char = c;code = 99 char = i;code = 105 char = d;code = 100 char = a;code = 97 char = l;code = 108 char = ;code = 32 char = e;code = 101 char = f;code = 102 char = f;code = 102 char = e;code = 101 char = c;code = 99 char = t;code = 116 char = .;code = 46 char = ;code = 32 char = T;code = 84 char = o;code = 111 char = g;code = 103 char = e;code = 101 char = t;code = 116 char = h;code = 104 char = e;code = 101 char = r;code = 114 char = ,;code = 44 char = ;code = 32 char = t;code = 116 char = h;code = 104 char = e;code = 101 char = s;code = 115 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = f;code = 102 char = i;code = 105 char = n;code = 110 char = d;code = 100 char = i;code = 105 char = n;code = 110 char = g;code = 103 char = s;code = 115 char = ;code = 32 char = s;code = 115 char = u;code = 117 char = g;code = 103 char = g;code = 103 char = e;code = 101 char = s;code = 115 char = t;code = 116 char = ;code = 32 char = t;code = 116 char = h;code = 104 char = a;code = 97 char = t;code = 116 char = ;code = 32 char = t;code = 116 char = h;code = 104 char = e;code = 101 char = s;code = 115 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = c;code = 99 char = o;code = 111 char = n;code = 110 char = s;code = 115 char = t;code = 116 char = i;code = 105 char = t;code = 116 char = u;code = 117 char = e;code = 101 char = n;code = 110 char = t;code = 116 char = s;code = 115 char = ;code = 32 char = o;code = 111 char = f;code = 102 char = ;code = 32 char = g;code = 103 char = i;code = 105 char = n;code = 110 char = g;code = 103 char = e;code = 101 char = r;code = 114 char = ;code = 32 char = m;code = 109 char = i;code = 105 char = g;code = 103 char = h;code = 104 char = t;code = 116 char = ;code = 32 char = b;code = 98 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = u;code = 117 char = s;code = 115 char = e;code = 101 char = d;code = 100 char = ;code = 32 char = a;code = 97 char = s;code = 115 char = ;code = 32 char = l;code = 108 char = a;code = 97 char = r;code = 114 char = v;code = 118 char = i;code = 105 char = c;code = 99 char = i;code = 105 char = d;code = 100 char = a;code = 97 char = l;code = 108 char = ;code = 32 char = a;code = 97 char = g;code = 103 char = e;code = 101 char = n;code = 110 char = t;code = 116 char = s;code = 115 char = ;code = 32 char = a;code = 97 char = g;code = 103 char = a;code = 97 char = i;code = 105 char = n;code = 110 char = s;code = 115 char = t;code = 116 char = ;code = 32 char = A;code = 65 char = .;code = 46 char = ;code = 32 char = c;code = 99 char = a;code = 97 char = n;code = 110 char = t;code = 116 char = o;code = 111 char = n;code = 110 char = e;code = 101 char = n;code = 110 char = s;code = 115 char = i;code = 105 char = s;code = 115 char = .;code = 46 char = <;code = 60 char = b;code = 98 char = r;code = 114 char = /;code = 47 char = >;code = 62 result sql = In this study, we investigated the anthelmintic activity of [6]-gingerol, [10]-shogaol, [10]-gingerol, [6]-shogaol and hexahydrocurcumin, a constituent isolate from the roots of ginger (Zingiber officinale), for the parasite Angiostrongylus cantonensis. This study found that the above constituents killed A. cantonensis larvae or reduced their spontaneous movements in a time- and dose-dependent manner. The larvicidal effect or ability to halt spontaneous parasite movement of [10]-shogaol, [6]-gingerol, [10]-gingerol, [6]-shogaol and hexahydrocurcumin at various concentrations was reached from 24 to 72 h, respectively. Further investigation to determine minimal effective doses of [10]-gingerol and hexahydrocurcumin revealed [10]-gingerol to have a greater maximum larvicidal effect and loss of spontaneous movements than hexahydrocurcumin, mebendazole and albendazole. These constituents of ginger showed effects against DPPH and peroxyl radical under larvicidal effect. Together, these findings suggest that these constituents of ginger might be used as larvicidal agents against A. cantonensis.
Publication: Acta Trop. 2010 Jul-Aug ;115(1-2)::69-76. :doi: 10.1016/j.actatropica.2009.12.007.
Publication Date: 2010 Jul-Aug
Study Author(s): Lin, Rong-Jyh;Chen, Chung-Yi;Chung, Li-Yu;Yen, Chuan-Min;
Institution: Department of Parasitology and Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan.
[email protected]
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In this study, we investigated the anthelmintic activity of [6]-gingerol, [10]-shogaol, [10]-gingerol, [6]-shogaol and hexahydrocurcumin, a constituent isolate from the roots of ginger (Zingiber officinale), for the parasite Angiostrongylus cantonensis. This study found that the above constituents killed A. cantonensis larvae or reduced their spontaneous movements in a time- and dose-dependent manner. The larvicidal effect or ability to halt spontaneous parasite movement of [10]-shogaol, [6]-gingerol, [10]-gingerol, [6]-shogaol and hexahydrocurcumin at various concentrations was reached from 24 to 72 h, respectively. Further investigation to determine minimal effective doses of [10]-gingerol and hexahydrocurcumin revealed [10]-gingerol to have a greater maximum larvicidal effect and loss of spontaneous movements than hexahydrocurcumin, mebendazole and albendazole. These constituents of ginger showed effects against DPPH and peroxyl radical under larvicidal effect. Together, these findings suggest that these constituents of ginger might be used as larvicidal agents against A. cantonensis.
PMID: 20045669