char = A;code = 65
char = ;code = 32
char = s;code = 115
char = u;code = 117
char = r;code = 114
char = v;code = 118
char = e;code = 101
char = y;code = 121
char = -;code = 45
char = b;code = 98
char = a;code = 97
char = s;code = 115
char = e;code = 101
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = e;code = 101
char = v;code = 118
char = a;code = 97
char = l;code = 108
char = u;code = 117
char = a;code = 97
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = o;code = 111
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
char = o;code = 111
char = f;code = 102
char = ;code = 32
char = s;code = 115
char = e;code = 101
char = l;code = 108
char = f;code = 102
char = -;code = 45
char = p;code = 112
char = e;code = 101
char = r;code = 114
char = c;code = 99
char = e;code = 101
char = i;code = 105
char = v;code = 118
char = e;code = 101
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = c;code = 99
char = o;code = 111
char = m;code = 109
char = p;code = 112
char = e;code = 101
char = t;code = 116
char = e;code = 101
char = n;code = 110
char = c;code = 99
char = y;code = 121
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = f;code = 102
char = t;code = 116
char = e;code = 101
char = r;code = 114
char = ;code = 32
char = n;code = 110
char = e;code = 101
char = p;code = 112
char = h;code = 104
char = r;code = 114
char = o;code = 111
char = l;code = 108
char = o;code = 111
char = g;code = 103
char = y;code = 121
char = ;code = 32
char = f;code = 102
char = e;code = 101
char = l;code = 108
char = l;code = 108
char = o;code = 111
char = w;code = 119
char = s;code = 115
char = h;code = 104
char = i;code = 105
char = p;code = 112
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = r;code = 114
char = a;code = 97
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = g;code = 103
char = .;code = 46
result sql = A survey-based evaluation of self-perceived competency after nephrology fellowship training.
A survey-based evaluation of self-perceived competency after nephrology fellowship training.
char = <;code = 60
char = b;code = 98
char = >;code = 62
char = B;code = 66
char = A;code = 65
char = C;code = 67
char = K;code = 75
char = G;code = 71
char = R;code = 82
char = O;code = 79
char = U;code = 85
char = N;code = 78
char = D;code = 68
char = ;code = 32
char = A;code = 65
char = N;code = 78
char = D;code = 68
char = ;code = 32
char = O;code = 79
char = B;code = 66
char = J;code = 74
char = E;code = 69
char = C;code = 67
char = T;code = 84
char = I;code = 73
char = V;code = 86
char = E;code = 69
char = S;code = 83
char = ;code = 32
char = :;code = 58
char = ;code = 32
char = <;code = 60
char = /;code = 47
char = b;code = 98
char = >;code = 62
char = T;code = 84
char = h;code = 104
char = e;code = 101
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = h;code = 104
char = a;code = 97
char = v;code = 118
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = b;code = 98
char = e;code = 101
char = e;code = 101
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
char = n;code = 110
char = o;code = 111
char = ;code = 32
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = c;code = 99
char = e;code = 101
char = n;code = 110
char = t;code = 116
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = n;code = 110
char = a;code = 97
char = l;code = 108
char = y;code = 121
char = s;code = 115
char = e;code = 101
char = s;code = 115
char = ;code = 32
char = o;code = 111
char = f;code = 102
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = d;code = 100
char = e;code = 101
char = q;code = 113
char = u;code = 117
char = a;code = 97
char = c;code = 99
char = y;code = 121
char = ;code = 32
char = o;code = 111
char = f;code = 102
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = r;code = 114
char = a;code = 97
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = g;code = 103
char = ;code = 32
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
char = U;code = 85
char = .;code = 46
char = S;code = 83
char = .;code = 46
char = ;code = 32
char = n;code = 110
char = e;code = 101
char = p;code = 112
char = h;code = 104
char = r;code = 114
char = o;code = 111
char = l;code = 108
char = o;code = 111
char = g;code = 103
char = y;code = 121
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = r;code = 114
char = a;code = 97
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = g;code = 103
char = ;code = 32
char = p;code = 112
char = r;code = 114
char = o;code = 111
char = g;code = 103
char = r;code = 114
char = a;code = 97
char = m;code = 109
char = s;code = 115
char = ;code = 32
char = o;code = 111
char = r;code = 114
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = i;code = 105
char = m;code = 109
char = p;code = 112
char = o;code = 111
char = r;code = 114
char = t;code = 116
char = a;code = 97
char = n;code = 110
char = c;code = 99
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = o;code = 111
char = f;code = 102
char = ;code = 32
char = s;code = 115
char = p;code = 112
char = e;code = 101
char = c;code = 99
char = i;code = 105
char = f;code = 102
char = i;code = 105
char = c;code = 99
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = s;code = 115
char = p;code = 112
char = e;code = 101
char = c;code = 99
char = t;code = 116
char = s;code = 115
char = ;code = 32
char = o;code = 111
char = f;code = 102
char = ;code = 32
char = f;code = 102
char = e;code = 101
char = l;code = 108
char = l;code = 108
char = o;code = 111
char = w;code = 119
char = s;code = 115
char = h;code = 104
char = i;code = 105
char = p;code = 112
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = r;code = 114
char = a;code = 97
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = g;code = 103
char = ;code = 32
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = c;code = 99
char = a;code = 97
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = e;code = 101
char = r;code = 114
char = s;code = 115
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = n;code = 110
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = p;code = 112
char = r;code = 114
char = a;code = 97
char = c;code = 99
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = c;code = 99
char = e;code = 101
char = s;code = 115
char = ;code = 32
char = o;code = 111
char = f;code = 102
char = ;code = 32
char = n;code = 110
char = e;code = 101
char = p;code = 112
char = h;code = 104
char = r;code = 114
char = o;code = 111
char = l;code = 108
char = o;code = 111
char = g;code = 103
char = i;code = 105
char = s;code = 115
char = t;code = 116
char = s;code = 115
char = ;code = 32
char = w;code = 119
char = h;code = 104
char = o;code = 111
char = ;code = 32
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = c;code = 99
char = e;code = 101
char = n;code = 110
char = t;code = 116
char = l;code = 108
char = y;code = 121
char = ;code = 32
char = c;code = 99
char = o;code = 111
char = m;code = 109
char = p;code = 112
char = l;code = 108
char = e;code = 101
char = t;code = 116
char = e;code = 101
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = r;code = 114
char = a;code = 97
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = g;code = 103
char = .;code = 46
char = <;code = 60
char = b;code = 98
char = r;code = 114
char = /;code = 47
char = >;code = 62
char = <;code = 60
char = b;code = 98
char = r;code = 114
char = /;code = 47
char = >;code = 62
char = <;code = 60
char = b;code = 98
char = >;code = 62
char = D;code = 68
char = E;code = 69
char = S;code = 83
char = I;code = 73
char = G;code = 71
char = N;code = 78
char = ,;code = 44
char = ;code = 32
char = S;code = 83
char = E;code = 69
char = T;code = 84
char = T;code = 84
char = I;code = 73
char = N;code = 78
char = G;code = 71
char = ,;code = 44
char = ;code = 32
char = P;code = 80
char = A;code = 65
char = R;code = 82
char = T;code = 84
char = I;code = 73
char = C;code = 67
char = I;code = 73
char = P;code = 80
char = A;code = 65
char = N;code = 78
char = T;code = 84
char = S;code = 83
char = ,;code = 44
char = ;code = 32
char = &;code = 38
char = ;code = 32
char = M;code = 77
char = E;code = 69
char = A;code = 65
char = S;code = 83
char = U;code = 85
char = R;code = 82
char = E;code = 69
char = M;code = 77
char = E;code = 69
char = N;code = 78
char = T;code = 84
char = S;code = 83
char = ;code = 32
char = :;code = 58
char = ;code = 32
char = <;code = 60
char = /;code = 47
char = b;code = 98
char = >;code = 62
char = A;code = 65
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = t;code = 116
char = e;code = 101
char = r;code = 114
char = n;code = 110
char = e;code = 101
char = t;code = 116
char = -;code = 45
char = b;code = 98
char = a;code = 97
char = s;code = 115
char = e;code = 101
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = s;code = 115
char = u;code = 117
char = r;code = 114
char = v;code = 118
char = e;code = 101
char = y;code = 121
char = ;code = 32
char = w;code = 119
char = a;code = 97
char = s;code = 115
char = ;code = 32
char = s;code = 115
char = e;code = 101
char = n;code = 110
char = t;code = 116
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = o;code = 111
char = ;code = 32
char = m;code = 109
char = e;code = 101
char = m;code = 109
char = b;code = 98
char = e;code = 101
char = r;code = 114
char = s;code = 115
char = ;code = 32
char = o;code = 111
char = f;code = 102
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = A;code = 65
char = m;code = 109
char = e;code = 101
char = r;code = 114
char = i;code = 105
char = c;code = 99
char = a;code = 97
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
char = S;code = 83
char = o;code = 111
char = c;code = 99
char = i;code = 105
char = e;code = 101
char = t;code = 116
char = y;code = 121
char = ;code = 32
char = o;code = 111
char = f;code = 102
char = ;code = 32
char = N;code = 78
char = e;code = 101
char = p;code = 112
char = h;code = 104
char = r;code = 114
char = o;code = 111
char = l;code = 108
char = o;code = 111
char = g;code = 103
char = y;code = 121
char = ;code = 32
char = w;code = 119
char = h;code = 104
char = o;code = 111
char = ;code = 32
char = c;code = 99
char = o;code = 111
char = m;code = 109
char = p;code = 112
char = l;code = 108
char = e;code = 101
char = t;code = 116
char = e;code = 101
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = n;code = 110
char = e;code = 101
char = p;code = 112
char = h;code = 104
char = r;code = 114
char = o;code = 111
char = l;code = 108
char = o;code = 111
char = g;code = 103
char = y;code = 121
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = r;code = 114
char = a;code = 97
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = g;code = 103
char = ;code = 32
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
char = 2;code = 50
char = 0;code = 48
char = 0;code = 48
char = 4;code = 52
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = o;code = 111
char = ;code = 32
char = 2;code = 50
char = 0;code = 48
char = 0;code = 48
char = 8;code = 56
char = .;code = 46
char = ;code = 32
char = R;code = 82
char = e;code = 101
char = s;code = 115
char = p;code = 112
char = o;code = 111
char = n;code = 110
char = d;code = 100
char = e;code = 101
char = n;code = 110
char = t;code = 116
char = s;code = 115
char = ;code = 32
char = w;code = 119
char = e;code = 101
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = s;code = 115
char = k;code = 107
char = e;code = 101
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = o;code = 111
char = ;code = 32
char = r;code = 114
char = a;code = 97
char = t;code = 116
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = e;code = 101
char = i;code = 105
char = r;code = 114
char = ;code = 32
char = f;code = 102
char = e;code = 101
char = l;code = 108
char = l;code = 108
char = o;code = 111
char = w;code = 119
char = s;code = 115
char = h;code = 104
char = i;code = 105
char = p;code = 112
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = r;code = 114
char = a;code = 97
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = g;code = 103
char = ;code = 32
char = (;code = 40
char = l;code = 108
char = i;code = 105
char = t;code = 116
char = t;code = 116
char = l;code = 108
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = o;code = 111
char = r;code = 114
char = ;code = 32
char = n;code = 110
char = o;code = 111
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = r;code = 114
char = a;code = 97
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = g;code = 103
char = ,;code = 44
char = ;code = 32
char = s;code = 115
char = o;code = 111
char = m;code = 109
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = r;code = 114
char = a;code = 97
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = g;code = 103
char = ;code = 32
char = b;code = 98
char = u;code = 117
char = t;code = 116
char = ;code = 32
char = n;code = 110
char = o;code = 111
char = t;code = 116
char = ;code = 32
char = e;code = 101
char = n;code = 110
char = o;code = 111
char = u;code = 117
char = g;code = 103
char = h;code = 104
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = o;code = 111
char = ;code = 32
char = f;code = 102
char = e;code = 101
char = e;code = 101
char = l;code = 108
char = ;code = 32
char = c;code = 99
char = o;code = 111
char = m;code = 109
char = p;code = 112
char = e;code = 101
char = t;code = 116
char = e;code = 101
char = n;code = 110
char = t;code = 116
char = ,;code = 44
char = ;code = 32
char = w;code = 119
char = e;code = 101
char = l;code = 108
char = l;code = 108
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = r;code = 114
char = a;code = 97
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = e;code = 101
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = n;code = 110
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = c;code = 99
char = o;code = 111
char = m;code = 109
char = p;code = 112
char = e;code = 101
char = t;code = 116
char = e;code = 101
char = n;code = 110
char = t;code = 116
char = );code = 41
char = ;code = 32
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
char = s;code = 115
char = p;code = 112
char = e;code = 101
char = c;code = 99
char = i;code = 105
char = f;code = 102
char = i;code = 105
char = c;code = 99
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = a;code = 97
char = s;code = 115
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = n;code = 110
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = i;code = 105
char = m;code = 109
char = p;code = 112
char = o;code = 111
char = r;code = 114
char = t;code = 116
char = a;code = 97
char = n;code = 110
char = c;code = 99
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = o;code = 111
char = f;code = 102
char = ;code = 32
char = e;code = 101
char = a;code = 97
char = c;code = 99
char = h;code = 104
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = a;code = 97
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = o;code = 111
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = e;code = 101
char = i;code = 105
char = r;code = 114
char = ;code = 32
char = c;code = 99
char = u;code = 117
char = r;code = 114
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = n;code = 110
char = t;code = 116
char = ;code = 32
char = c;code = 99
char = a;code = 97
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = e;code = 101
char = r;code = 114
char = s;code = 115
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = n;code = 110
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = p;code = 112
char = r;code = 114
char = a;code = 97
char = c;code = 99
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = c;code = 99
char = e;code = 101
char = s;code = 115
char = .;code = 46
char = <;code = 60
char = b;code = 98
char = r;code = 114
char = /;code = 47
char = >;code = 62
char = <;code = 60
char = b;code = 98
char = r;code = 114
char = /;code = 47
char = >;code = 62
char = <;code = 60
char = b;code = 98
char = >;code = 62
char = R;code = 82
char = E;code = 69
char = S;code = 83
char = U;code = 85
char = L;code = 76
char = T;code = 84
char = S;code = 83
char = ;code = 32
char = :;code = 58
char = ;code = 32
char = <;code = 60
char = /;code = 47
char = b;code = 98
char = >;code = 62
char = A;code = 65
char = m;code = 109
char = o;code = 111
char = n;code = 110
char = g;code = 103
char = ;code = 32
char = 1;code = 49
char = 3;code = 51
char = 3;code = 51
char = ;code = 32
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = c;code = 99
char = e;code = 101
char = n;code = 110
char = t;code = 116
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = d;code = 100
char = u;code = 117
char = l;code = 108
char = t;code = 116
char = ;code = 32
char = n;code = 110
char = e;code = 101
char = p;code = 112
char = h;code = 104
char = r;code = 114
char = o;code = 111
char = l;code = 108
char = o;code = 111
char = g;code = 103
char = y;code = 121
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = r;code = 114
char = a;code = 97
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = e;code = 101
char = e;code = 101
char = s;code = 115
char = ,;code = 44
char = ;code = 32
char = m;code = 109
char = o;code = 111
char = s;code = 115
char = t;code = 116
char = ;code = 32
char = f;code = 102
char = e;code = 101
char = l;code = 108
char = t;code = 116
char = ;code = 32
char = w;code = 119
char = e;code = 101
char = l;code = 108
char = l;code = 108
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = r;code = 114
char = a;code = 97
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = e;code = 101
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = n;code = 110
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = c;code = 99
char = o;code = 111
char = m;code = 109
char = p;code = 112
char = e;code = 101
char = t;code = 116
char = e;code = 101
char = n;code = 110
char = t;code = 116
char = ;code = 32
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
char = m;code = 109
char = a;code = 97
char = n;code = 110
char = y;code = 121
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = a;code = 97
char = s;code = 115
char = ;code = 32
char = o;code = 111
char = f;code = 102
char = ;code = 32
char = p;code = 112
char = a;code = 97
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = e;code = 101
char = n;code = 110
char = t;code = 116
char = ;code = 32
char = c;code = 99
char = a;code = 97
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = n;code = 110
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = c;code = 99
char = o;code = 111
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = c;code = 99
char = o;code = 111
char = n;code = 110
char = t;code = 116
char = e;code = 101
char = n;code = 110
char = t;code = 116
char = .;code = 46
char = ;code = 32
char = A;code = 65
char = ;code = 32
char = s;code = 115
char = i;code = 105
char = g;code = 103
char = n;code = 110
char = i;code = 105
char = f;code = 102
char = i;code = 105
char = c;code = 99
char = a;code = 97
char = n;code = 110
char = t;code = 116
char = ;code = 32
char = p;code = 112
char = e;code = 101
char = r;code = 114
char = c;code = 99
char = e;code = 101
char = n;code = 110
char = t;code = 116
char = a;code = 97
char = g;code = 103
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = o;code = 111
char = f;code = 102
char = ;code = 32
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = s;code = 115
char = p;code = 112
char = o;code = 111
char = n;code = 110
char = d;code = 100
char = e;code = 101
char = n;code = 110
char = t;code = 116
char = s;code = 115
char = ;code = 32
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = p;code = 112
char = o;code = 111
char = r;code = 114
char = t;code = 116
char = e;code = 101
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = c;code = 99
char = e;code = 101
char = i;code = 105
char = v;code = 118
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = g;code = 103
char = ;code = 32
char = l;code = 108
char = i;code = 105
char = t;code = 116
char = t;code = 116
char = l;code = 108
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = o;code = 111
char = r;code = 114
char = ;code = 32
char = n;code = 110
char = o;code = 111
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = r;code = 114
char = a;code = 97
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = g;code = 103
char = ,;code = 44
char = ;code = 32
char = o;code = 111
char = r;code = 114
char = ;code = 32
char = s;code = 115
char = o;code = 111
char = m;code = 109
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = r;code = 114
char = a;code = 97
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = g;code = 103
char = ;code = 32
char = b;code = 98
char = u;code = 117
char = t;code = 116
char = ;code = 32
char = n;code = 110
char = o;code = 111
char = t;code = 116
char = ;code = 32
char = e;code = 101
char = n;code = 110
char = o;code = 111
char = u;code = 117
char = g;code = 103
char = h;code = 104
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = o;code = 111
char = ;code = 32
char = f;code = 102
char = e;code = 101
char = e;code = 101
char = l;code = 108
char = ;code = 32
char = c;code = 99
char = o;code = 111
char = m;code = 109
char = p;code = 112
char = e;code = 101
char = t;code = 116
char = e;code = 101
char = n;code = 110
char = t;code = 116
char = ;code = 32
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
char = o;code = 111
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = e;code = 101
char = r;code = 114
char = ;code = 32
char = s;code = 115
char = p;code = 112
char = e;code = 101
char = c;code = 99
char = i;code = 105
char = f;code = 102
char = i;code = 105
char = c;code = 99
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = a;code = 97
char = s;code = 115
char = ,;code = 44
char = ;code = 32
char = s;code = 115
char = u;code = 117
char = c;code = 99
char = h;code = 104
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = s;code = 115
char = ;code = 32
char = g;code = 103
char = e;code = 101
char = n;code = 110
char = e;code = 101
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = c;code = 99
char = ;code = 32
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = n;code = 110
char = a;code = 97
char = l;code = 108
char = ;code = 32
char = d;code = 100
char = i;code = 105
char = s;code = 115
char = e;code = 101
char = a;code = 97
char = s;code = 115
char = e;code = 101
char = ,;code = 44
char = ;code = 32
char = c;code = 99
char = a;code = 97
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = o;code = 111
char = f;code = 102
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = d;code = 100
char = u;code = 117
char = l;code = 108
char = t;code = 116
char = s;code = 115
char = ;code = 32
char = w;code = 119
char = i;code = 105
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = ;code = 32
char = c;code = 99
char = h;code = 104
char = i;code = 105
char = l;code = 108
char = d;code = 100
char = h;code = 104
char = o;code = 111
char = o;code = 111
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = k;code = 107
char = i;code = 105
char = d;code = 100
char = n;code = 110
char = e;code = 101
char = y;code = 121
char = ;code = 32
char = d;code = 100
char = i;code = 105
char = s;code = 115
char = e;code = 101
char = a;code = 97
char = s;code = 115
char = e;code = 101
char = ,;code = 44
char = ;code = 32
char = p;code = 112
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = g;code = 103
char = n;code = 110
char = a;code = 97
char = n;code = 110
char = c;code = 99
char = y;code = 121
char = ;code = 32
char = c;code = 99
char = o;code = 111
char = m;code = 109
char = p;code = 112
char = l;code = 108
char = i;code = 105
char = c;code = 99
char = a;code = 97
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = o;code = 111
char = n;code = 110
char = s;code = 115
char = ,;code = 44
char = ;code = 32
char = p;code = 112
char = o;code = 111
char = i;code = 105
char = s;code = 115
char = o;code = 111
char = n;code = 110
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = g;code = 103
char = ,;code = 44
char = ;code = 32
char = n;code = 110
char = u;code = 117
char = t;code = 116
char = r;code = 114
char = i;code = 105
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = o;code = 111
char = n;code = 110
char = ,;code = 44
char = ;code = 32
char = e;code = 101
char = n;code = 110
char = d;code = 100
char = -;code = 45
char = o;code = 111
char = f;code = 102
char = -;code = 45
char = l;code = 108
char = i;code = 105
char = f;code = 102
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = c;code = 99
char = a;code = 97
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = ,;code = 44
char = ;code = 32
char = c;code = 99
char = l;code = 108
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = i;code = 105
char = c;code = 99
char = a;code = 97
char = l;code = 108
char = ;code = 32
char = p;code = 112
char = h;code = 104
char = a;code = 97
char = r;code = 114
char = m;code = 109
char = a;code = 97
char = c;code = 99
char = o;code = 111
char = l;code = 108
char = o;code = 111
char = g;code = 103
char = y;code = 121
char = ,;code = 44
char = ;code = 32
char = h;code = 104
char = o;code = 111
char = m;code = 109
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = n;code = 110
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = s;code = 115
char = e;code = 101
char = l;code = 108
char = f;code = 102
char = -;code = 45
char = c;code = 99
char = a;code = 97
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = h;code = 104
char = e;code = 101
char = m;code = 109
char = o;code = 111
char = d;code = 100
char = i;code = 105
char = a;code = 97
char = l;code = 108
char = y;code = 121
char = s;code = 115
char = i;code = 105
char = s;code = 115
char = ,;code = 44
char = ;code = 32
char = p;code = 112
char = e;code = 101
char = r;code = 114
char = i;code = 105
char = t;code = 116
char = o;code = 111
char = n;code = 110
char = e;code = 101
char = a;code = 97
char = l;code = 108
char = ;code = 32
char = d;code = 100
char = i;code = 105
char = a;code = 97
char = l;code = 108
char = y;code = 121
char = s;code = 115
char = i;code = 105
char = s;code = 115
char = ,;code = 44
char = ;code = 32
char = p;code = 112
char = l;code = 108
char = a;code = 97
char = s;code = 115
char = m;code = 109
char = a;code = 97
char = p;code = 112
char = h;code = 104
char = e;code = 101
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = s;code = 115
char = i;code = 105
char = s;code = 115
char = ,;code = 44
char = ;code = 32
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = t;code = 116
char = e;code = 101
char = r;code = 114
char = p;code = 112
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = t;code = 116
char = a;code = 97
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = o;code = 111
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = n;code = 110
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = p;code = 112
char = e;code = 101
char = r;code = 114
char = f;code = 102
char = o;code = 111
char = r;code = 114
char = m;code = 109
char = a;code = 97
char = n;code = 110
char = c;code = 99
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = o;code = 111
char = f;code = 102
char = ;code = 32
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = n;code = 110
char = a;code = 97
char = l;code = 108
char = ;code = 32
char = u;code = 117
char = l;code = 108
char = t;code = 116
char = r;code = 114
char = a;code = 97
char = s;code = 115
char = o;code = 111
char = u;code = 117
char = n;code = 110
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = n;code = 110
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = o;code = 111
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = e;code = 101
char = r;code = 114
char = ;code = 32
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = n;code = 110
char = a;code = 97
char = l;code = 108
char = ;code = 32
char = i;code = 105
char = m;code = 109
char = a;code = 97
char = g;code = 103
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = g;code = 103
char = ,;code = 44
char = ;code = 32
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = n;code = 110
char = a;code = 97
char = l;code = 108
char = ;code = 32
char = b;code = 98
char = i;code = 105
char = o;code = 111
char = p;code = 112
char = s;code = 115
char = y;code = 121
char = ;code = 32
char = p;code = 112
char = a;code = 97
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = o;code = 111
char = l;code = 108
char = o;code = 111
char = g;code = 103
char = y;code = 121
char = ;code = 32
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = t;code = 116
char = e;code = 101
char = r;code = 114
char = p;code = 112
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = t;code = 116
char = a;code = 97
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = o;code = 111
char = n;code = 110
char = ,;code = 44
char = ;code = 32
char = b;code = 98
char = u;code = 117
char = s;code = 115
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = e;code = 101
char = s;code = 115
char = s;code = 115
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = n;code = 110
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = d;code = 100
char = m;code = 109
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = i;code = 105
char = s;code = 115
char = t;code = 116
char = r;code = 114
char = a;code = 97
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = v;code = 118
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = s;code = 115
char = p;code = 112
char = e;code = 101
char = c;code = 99
char = t;code = 116
char = s;code = 115
char = ;code = 32
char = o;code = 111
char = f;code = 102
char = ;code = 32
char = n;code = 110
char = e;code = 101
char = p;code = 112
char = h;code = 104
char = r;code = 114
char = o;code = 111
char = l;code = 108
char = o;code = 111
char = g;code = 103
char = y;code = 121
char = ,;code = 44
char = ;code = 32
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = s;code = 115
char = e;code = 101
char = a;code = 97
char = r;code = 114
char = c;code = 99
char = h;code = 104
char = ,;code = 44
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = n;code = 110
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = s;code = 115
char = e;code = 101
char = a;code = 97
char = r;code = 114
char = c;code = 99
char = h;code = 104
char = ;code = 32
char = f;code = 102
char = u;code = 117
char = n;code = 110
char = d;code = 100
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = g;code = 103
char = .;code = 46
char = ;code = 32
char = M;code = 77
char = a;code = 97
char = n;code = 110
char = y;code = 121
char = ;code = 32
char = o;code = 111
char = f;code = 102
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = e;code = 101
char = s;code = 115
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = a;code = 97
char = s;code = 115
char = ;code = 32
char = w;code = 119
char = e;code = 101
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = l;code = 108
char = s;code = 115
char = o;code = 111
char = ;code = 32
char = i;code = 105
char = d;code = 100
char = e;code = 101
char = n;code = 110
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = f;code = 102
char = i;code = 105
char = e;code = 101
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = s;code = 115
char = ;code = 32
char = s;code = 115
char = o;code = 111
char = m;code = 109
char = e;code = 101
char = w;code = 119
char = h;code = 104
char = a;code = 97
char = t;code = 116
char = ;code = 32
char = o;code = 111
char = r;code = 114
char = ;code = 32
char = v;code = 118
char = e;code = 101
char = r;code = 114
char = y;code = 121
char = ;code = 32
char = i;code = 105
char = m;code = 109
char = p;code = 112
char = o;code = 111
char = r;code = 114
char = t;code = 116
char = a;code = 97
char = n;code = 110
char = t;code = 116
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = o;code = 111
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = c;code = 99
char = a;code = 97
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = e;code = 101
char = r;code = 114
char = s;code = 115
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = n;code = 110
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = p;code = 112
char = r;code = 114
char = a;code = 97
char = c;code = 99
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = c;code = 99
char = e;code = 101
char = s;code = 115
char = ;code = 32
char = o;code = 111
char = f;code = 102
char = ;code = 32
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = s;code = 115
char = p;code = 112
char = o;code = 111
char = n;code = 110
char = d;code = 100
char = e;code = 101
char = n;code = 110
char = t;code = 116
char = s;code = 115
char = .;code = 46
char = <;code = 60
char = b;code = 98
char = r;code = 114
char = /;code = 47
char = >;code = 62
char = <;code = 60
char = b;code = 98
char = r;code = 114
char = /;code = 47
char = >;code = 62
char = <;code = 60
char = b;code = 98
char = >;code = 62
char = C;code = 67
char = O;code = 79
char = N;code = 78
char = C;code = 67
char = L;code = 76
char = U;code = 85
char = S;code = 83
char = I;code = 73
char = O;code = 79
char = N;code = 78
char = S;code = 83
char = ;code = 32
char = :;code = 58
char = ;code = 32
char = <;code = 60
char = /;code = 47
char = b;code = 98
char = >;code = 62
char = N;code = 78
char = e;code = 101
char = p;code = 112
char = h;code = 104
char = r;code = 114
char = o;code = 111
char = l;code = 108
char = o;code = 111
char = g;code = 103
char = y;code = 121
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = r;code = 114
char = a;code = 97
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = g;code = 103
char = ;code = 32
char = p;code = 112
char = r;code = 114
char = o;code = 111
char = g;code = 103
char = r;code = 114
char = a;code = 97
char = m;code = 109
char = s;code = 115
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = p;code = 112
char = e;code = 101
char = r;code = 114
char = c;code = 99
char = e;code = 101
char = i;code = 105
char = v;code = 118
char = e;code = 101
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = s;code = 115
char = ;code = 32
char = d;code = 100
char = o;code = 111
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = g;code = 103
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
char = e;code = 101
char = x;code = 120
char = c;code = 99
char = e;code = 101
char = l;code = 108
char = l;code = 108
char = e;code = 101
char = n;code = 110
char = t;code = 116
char = ;code = 32
char = j;code = 106
char = o;code = 111
char = b;code = 98
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = r;code = 114
char = a;code = 97
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = g;code = 103
char = ;code = 32
char = f;code = 102
char = e;code = 101
char = l;code = 108
char = l;code = 108
char = o;code = 111
char = w;code = 119
char = s;code = 115
char = ;code = 32
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
char = m;code = 109
char = a;code = 97
char = n;code = 110
char = y;code = 121
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = a;code = 97
char = s;code = 115
char = .;code = 46
char = ;code = 32
char = G;code = 71
char = a;code = 97
char = p;code = 112
char = s;code = 115
char = ;code = 32
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = r;code = 114
char = a;code = 97
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = g;code = 103
char = ;code = 32
char = s;code = 115
char = h;code = 104
char = o;code = 111
char = u;code = 117
char = l;code = 108
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = b;code = 98
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = d;code = 100
char = d;code = 100
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = s;code = 115
char = s;code = 115
char = e;code = 101
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result sql = BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES : There have been no recent analyses of the adequacy of training in U.S. nephrology training programs or the importance of specific aspects of fellowship training in the careers and practices of nephrologists who recently completed training.

DESIGN, SETTING, PARTICIPANTS, & MEASUREMENTS : An internet-based survey was sent to members of the American Society of Nephrology who completed nephrology training in 2004 to 2008. Respondents were asked to rate their fellowship training (little or no training, some training but not enough to feel competent, well trained and competent) in specific areas and the importance of each area to their current careers and practices.

RESULTS : Among 133 recent adult nephrology trainees, most felt well trained and competent in many areas of patient care and core content. A significant percentage of respondents reported receiving little or no training, or some training but not enough to feel competent in other specific areas, such as genetic renal disease, care of adults with childhood kidney disease, pregnancy complications, poisoning, nutrition, end-of-life care, clinical pharmacology, home and self-care hemodialysis, peritoneal dialysis, plasmapheresis, interpretation and performance of renal ultrasound and other renal imaging, renal biopsy pathology interpretation, business and administrative aspects of nephrology, research, and research funding. Many of these areas were also identified as somewhat or very important to the careers and practices of respondents.

CONCLUSIONS : Nephrology training programs are perceived as doing an excellent job training fellows in many areas. Gaps in training should be addressed in fellowship training and post-training education.

Publication: Clin J Am Soc Nephrol 2010 Mar ;5(3)::490-6. :doi: 10.2215/CJN.08461109.
Publication Date: 2010 Mar
Study Author(s): Berns, Jeffrey S;
Institution: University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania, 3400 Spruce Street, 1 Founders Pavilion, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA. [email protected]
Shortcut link to this study:
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES : There have been no recent analyses of the adequacy of training in U.S. nephrology training programs or the importance of specific aspects of fellowship training in the careers and practices of nephrologists who recently completed training.

DESIGN, SETTING, PARTICIPANTS, & MEASUREMENTS : An internet-based survey was sent to members of the American Society of Nephrology who completed nephrology training in 2004 to 2008. Respondents were asked to rate their fellowship training (little or no training, some training but not enough to feel competent, well trained and competent) in specific areas and the importance of each area to their current careers and practices.

RESULTS : Among 133 recent adult nephrology trainees, most felt well trained and competent in many areas of patient care and core content. A significant percentage of respondents reported receiving little or no training, or some training but not enough to feel competent in other specific areas, such as genetic renal disease, care of adults with childhood kidney disease, pregnancy complications, poisoning, nutrition, end-of-life care, clinical pharmacology, home and self-care hemodialysis, peritoneal dialysis, plasmapheresis, interpretation and performance of renal ultrasound and other renal imaging, renal biopsy pathology interpretation, business and administrative aspects of nephrology, research, and research funding. Many of these areas were also identified as somewhat or very important to the careers and practices of respondents.

CONCLUSIONS : Nephrology training programs are perceived as doing an excellent job training fellows in many areas. Gaps in training should be addressed in fellowship training and post-training education.
PMID: 20089491

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