char = B;code = 66 char = i;code = 105 char = o;code = 111 char = d;code = 100 char = i;code = 105 char = v;code = 118 char = e;code = 101 char = r;code = 114 char = s;code = 115 char = i;code = 105 char = t;code = 116 char = y;code = 121 char = :;code = 58 char = ;code = 32 char = i;code = 105 char = n;code = 110 char = v;code = 118 char = a;code = 97 char = s;code = 115 char = i;code = 105 char = o;code = 111 char = n;code = 110 char = s;code = 115 char = ;code = 32 char = b;code = 98 char = y;code = 121 char = ;code = 32 char = m;code = 109 char = a;code = 97 char = r;code = 114 char = i;code = 105 char = n;code = 110 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = l;code = 108 char = i;code = 105 char = f;code = 102 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = o;code = 111 char = n;code = 110 char = ;code = 32 char = p;code = 112 char = l;code = 108 char = a;code = 97 char = s;code = 115 char = t;code = 116 char = i;code = 105 char = c;code = 99 char = ;code = 32 char = d;code = 100 char = e;code = 101 char = b;code = 98 char = r;code = 114 char = i;code = 105 char = s;code = 115 char = .;code = 46 result sql = Biodiversity: invasions by marine life on plastic debris.
Biodiversity: invasions by marine life on plastic debris.char = C;code = 67 char = o;code = 111 char = l;code = 108 char = o;code = 111 char = n;code = 110 char = i;code = 105 char = z;code = 122 char = a;code = 97 char = t;code = 116 char = i;code = 105 char = o;code = 111 char = n;code = 110 char = ;code = 32 char = b;code = 98 char = y;code = 121 char = ;code = 32 char = a;code = 97 char = l;code = 108 char = i;code = 105 char = e;code = 101 char = n;code = 110 char = ;code = 32 char = s;code = 115 char = p;code = 112 char = e;code = 101 char = c;code = 99 char = i;code = 105 char = e;code = 101 char = s;code = 115 char = ;code = 32 char = p;code = 112 char = o;code = 111 char = s;code = 115 char = e;code = 101 char = s;code = 115 char = ;code = 32 char = o;code = 111 char = n;code = 110 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = o;code = 111 char = f;code = 102 char = ;code = 32 char = t;code = 116 char = h;code = 104 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = g;code = 103 char = r;code = 114 char = e;code = 101 char = a;code = 97 char = t;code = 116 char = e;code = 101 char = s;code = 115 char = t;code = 116 char = ;code = 32 char = t;code = 116 char = h;code = 104 char = r;code = 114 char = e;code = 101 char = a;code = 97 char = t;code = 116 char = s;code = 115 char = ;code = 32 char = t;code = 116 char = o;code = 111 char = ;code = 32 char = g;code = 103 char = l;code = 108 char = o;code = 111 char = b;code = 98 char = a;code = 97 char = l;code = 108 char = ;code = 32 char = b;code = 98 char = i;code = 105 char = o;code = 111 char = d;code = 100 char = i;code = 105 char = v;code = 118 char = e;code = 101 char = r;code = 114 char = s;code = 115 char = i;code = 105 char = t;code = 116 char = y;code = 121 char = .;code = 46 char = ;code = 32 char = H;code = 72 char = e;code = 101 char = r;code = 114 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = I;code = 73 char = ;code = 32 char = i;code = 105 char = n;code = 110 char = v;code = 118 char = e;code = 101 char = s;code = 115 char = t;code = 116 char = i;code = 105 char = g;code = 103 char = a;code = 97 char = t;code = 116 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = t;code = 116 char = h;code = 104 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = c;code = 99 char = o;code = 111 char = l;code = 108 char = o;code = 111 char = n;code = 110 char = i;code = 105 char = z;code = 122 char = a;code = 97 char = t;code = 116 char = i;code = 105 char = o;code = 111 char = n;code = 110 char = ;code = 32 char = b;code = 98 char = y;code = 121 char = ;code = 32 char = m;code = 109 char = a;code = 97 char = r;code = 114 char = i;code = 105 char = n;code = 110 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = o;code = 111 char = r;code = 114 char = g;code = 103 char = a;code = 97 char = n;code = 110 char = i;code = 105 char = s;code = 115 char = m;code = 109 char = s;code = 115 char = ;code = 32 char = o;code = 111 char = f;code = 102 char = ;code = 32 char = d;code = 100 char = r;code = 114 char = i;code = 105 char = f;code = 102 char = t;code = 116 char = ;code = 32 char = d;code = 100 char = e;code = 101 char = b;code = 98 char = r;code = 114 char = i;code = 105 char = s;code = 115 char = ;code = 32 char = d;code = 100 char = e;code = 101 char = p;code = 112 char = o;code = 111 char = s;code = 115 char = i;code = 105 char = t;code = 116 char = e;code = 101 char = d;code = 100 char = ;code = 32 char = o;code = 111 char = n;code = 110 char = ;code = 32 char = t;code = 116 char = h;code = 104 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = s;code = 115 char = h;code = 104 char = o;code = 111 char = r;code = 114 char = e;code = 101 char = s;code = 115 char = ;code = 32 char = o;code = 111 char = f;code = 102 char = ;code = 32 char = 3;code = 51 char = 0;code = 48 char = ;code = 32 char = r;code = 114 char = e;code = 101 char = m;code = 109 char = o;code = 111 char = t;code = 116 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = i;code = 105 char = s;code = 115 char = l;code = 108 char = a;code = 97 char = n;code = 110 char = d;code = 100 char = s;code = 115 char = ;code = 32 char = f;code = 102 char = r;code = 114 char = o;code = 111 char = m;code = 109 char = ;code = 32 char = t;code = 116 char = h;code = 104 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = A;code = 65 char = r;code = 114 char = c;code = 99 char = t;code = 116 char = i;code = 105 char = c;code = 99 char = ;code = 32 char = t;code = 116 char = o;code = 111 char = ;code = 32 char = t;code = 116 char = h;code = 104 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = A;code = 65 char = n;code = 110 char = t;code = 116 char = a;code = 97 char = r;code = 114 char = c;code = 99 char = t;code = 116 char = i;code = 105 char = c;code = 99 char = ;code = 32 char = (;code = 40 char = a;code = 97 char = c;code = 99 char = r;code = 114 char = o;code = 111 char = s;code = 115 char = s;code = 115 char = ;code = 32 char = a;code = 97 char = l;code = 108 char = l;code = 108 char = ;code = 32 char = o;code = 111 char = c;code = 99 char = e;code = 101 char = a;code = 97 char = n;code = 110 char = s;code = 115 char = );code = 41 char = ;code = 32 char = a;code = 97 char = n;code = 110 char = d;code = 100 char = ;code = 32 char = f;code = 102 char = i;code = 105 char = n;code = 110 char = d;code = 100 char = ;code = 32 char = t;code = 116 char = h;code = 104 char = a;code = 97 char = t;code = 116 char = ;code = 32 char = h;code = 104 char = u;code = 117 char = m;code = 109 char = a;code = 97 char = n;code = 110 char = ;code = 32 char = l;code = 108 char = i;code = 105 char = t;code = 116 char = t;code = 116 char = e;code = 101 char = r;code = 114 char = ;code = 32 char = m;code = 109 char = o;code = 111 char = r;code = 114 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = t;code = 116 char = h;code = 104 char = a;code = 97 char = n;code = 110 char = ;code = 32 char = d;code = 100 char = o;code = 111 char = u;code = 117 char = b;code = 98 char = l;code = 108 char = e;code = 101 char = s;code = 115 char = ;code = 32 char = t;code = 116 char = h;code = 104 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = r;code = 114 char = a;code = 97 char = f;code = 102 char = t;code = 116 char = i;code = 105 char = n;code = 110 char = g;code = 103 char = ;code = 32 char = o;code = 111 char = p;code = 112 char = p;code = 112 char = o;code = 111 char = r;code = 114 char = t;code = 116 char = u;code = 117 char = n;code = 110 char = i;code = 105 char = t;code = 116 char = i;code = 105 char = e;code = 101 char = s;code = 115 char = ;code = 32 char = f;code = 102 char = o;code = 111 char = r;code = 114 char = ;code = 32 char = b;code = 98 char = i;code = 105 char = o;code = 111 char = t;code = 116 char = a;code = 97 char = ,;code = 44 char = ;code = 32 char = p;code = 112 char = a;code = 97 char = r;code = 114 char = t;code = 116 char = i;code = 105 char = c;code = 99 char = u;code = 117 char = l;code = 108 char = a;code = 97 char = r;code = 114 char = l;code = 108 char = y;code = 121 char = ;code = 32 char = a;code = 97 char = t;code = 116 char = ;code = 32 char = h;code = 104 char = i;code = 105 char = g;code = 103 char = h;code = 104 char = ;code = 32 char = l;code = 108 char = a;code = 97 char = t;code = 116 char = i;code = 105 char = t;code = 116 char = u;code = 117 char = d;code = 100 char = e;code = 101 char = s;code = 115 char = .;code = 46 char = ;code = 32 char = A;code = 65 char = l;code = 108 char = t;code = 116 char = h;code = 104 char = o;code = 111 char = u;code = 117 char = g;code = 103 char = h;code = 104 char = ;code = 32 char = t;code = 116 char = h;code = 104 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = p;code = 112 char = o;code = 111 char = l;code = 108 char = e;code = 101 char = s;code = 115 char = ;code = 32 char = m;code = 109 char = a;code = 97 char = y;code = 121 char = ;code = 32 char = b;code = 98 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = p;code = 112 char = r;code = 114 char = o;code = 111 char = t;code = 116 char = e;code = 101 char = c;code = 99 char = t;code = 116 char = e;code = 101 char = d;code = 100 char = ;code = 32 char = f;code = 102 char = r;code = 114 char = o;code = 111 char = m;code = 109 char = ;code = 32 char = i;code = 105 char = n;code = 110 char = v;code = 118 char = a;code = 97 char = s;code = 115 char = i;code = 105 char = o;code = 111 char = n;code = 110 char = ;code = 32 char = b;code = 98 char = y;code = 121 char = ;code = 32 char = f;code = 102 char = r;code = 114 char = e;code = 101 char = e;code = 101 char = z;code = 122 char = i;code = 105 char = n;code = 110 char = g;code = 103 char = ;code = 32 char = s;code = 115 char = e;code = 101 char = a;code = 97 char = ;code = 32 char = s;code = 115 char = u;code = 117 char = r;code = 114 char = f;code = 102 char = a;code = 97 char = c;code = 99 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = t;code = 116 char = e;code = 101 char = m;code = 109 char = p;code = 112 char = e;code = 101 char = r;code = 114 char = a;code = 97 char = t;code = 116 char = u;code = 117 char = r;code = 114 char = e;code = 101 char = s;code = 115 char = ,;code = 44 char = ;code = 32 char = t;code = 116 char = h;code = 104 char = e;code = 101 char = s;code = 115 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = m;code = 109 char = a;code = 97 char = y;code = 121 char = ;code = 32 char = b;code = 98 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = u;code = 117 char = n;code = 110 char = d;code = 100 char = e;code = 101 char = r;code = 114 char = ;code = 32 char = t;code = 116 char = h;code = 104 char = r;code = 114 char = e;code = 101 char = a;code = 97 char = t;code = 116 char = ;code = 32 char = a;code = 97 char = s;code = 115 char = ;code = 32 char = t;code = 116 char = h;code = 104 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = f;code = 102 char = a;code = 97 char = s;code = 115 char = t;code = 116 char = e;code = 101 char = s;code = 115 char = t;code = 116 char = -;code = 45 char = w;code = 119 char = a;code = 97 char = r;code = 114 char = m;code = 109 char = i;code = 105 char = n;code = 110 char = g;code = 103 char = ;code = 32 char = a;code = 97 char = r;code = 114 char = e;code = 101 char = a;code = 97 char = s;code = 115 char = ;code = 32 char = a;code = 97 char = n;code = 110 char = y;code = 121 char = w;code = 119 char = h;code = 104 char = e;code = 101 char = r;code = 114 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = a;code = 97 char = r;code = 114 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = a;code = 97 char = t;code = 116 char = ;code = 32 char = t;code = 116 char = h;code = 104 char = e;code = 101 char = s;code = 115 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = l;code = 108 char = a;code = 97 char = t;code = 116 char = i;code = 105 char = t;code = 116 char = u;code = 117 char = d;code = 100 char = e;code = 101 char = s;code = 115 char = .;code = 46 char = <;code = 60 char = b;code = 98 char = r;code = 114 char = /;code = 47 char = >;code = 62 result sql = Colonization by alien species poses one of the greatest threats to global biodiversity. Here I investigate the colonization by marine organisms of drift debris deposited on the shores of 30 remote islands from the Arctic to the Antarctic (across all oceans) and find that human litter more than doubles the rafting opportunities for biota, particularly at high latitudes. Although the poles may be protected from invasion by freezing sea surface temperatures, these may be under threat as the fastest-warming areas anywhere are at these latitudes.
Publication: Nature 2002 Apr 25 ;416(6883)::808-9.
Publication Date: 2002 Apr 25
Study Author(s): Barnes, David K A;
Institution: British Antarctic Survey, Natural Environment Council, Cambridge, UK.
[email protected]
Shortcut link to this study:
Colonization by alien species poses one of the greatest threats to global biodiversity. Here I investigate the colonization by marine organisms of drift debris deposited on the shores of 30 remote islands from the Arctic to the Antarctic (across all oceans) and find that human litter more than doubles the rafting opportunities for biota, particularly at high latitudes. Although the poles may be protected from invasion by freezing sea surface temperatures, these may be under threat as the fastest-warming areas anywhere are at these latitudes.
PMID: 11976671