|
|
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result sql = Incorporation of the elderberry anthocyanins by endothelial cells increases protection against oxidative stress.
Incorporation of the elderberry anthocyanins by endothelial cells increases protection against oxidative stress.char = T;code = 84
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result sql = The objective of this study was to investigate the ability of endothelial cells (EC) to incorporate anthocyanins and to examine their potential benefits against various oxidative stressors. Endothelial dysfunction has been proposed to play an important role in the initiation and development of vascular disease, with studies having shown that administration of antioxidants improves endothelial function. Elderberry extract contains 4 anthocyanins, which where incorporated into the plasma membrane and cytosol of EC following 4 h incubation at 1 mg.ml(-1). However, incorporation within the cytosol was considerably less than that in the membrane. Uptake within both regions appeared to be structure dependent, with monoglycoside concentrations higher than that of the diglucosides in both compartments. THE ENRICHMENT OF EC WITH ELDERBERRY ANTHOCYANINS CONFERRED SIGNIFICANT PROTECTIVE EFFECTS IN EC AGAINST THE FOLLOWING OXIDATIVE STRESSORS: hydrogen peroxide (H(2)O(2)); 2, 2'-azobis(2-amidinopropane) dihydrochloride (AAPH); and FeSO(4)/ascorbic acid (AA). These results show for the first time that vascular EC can incorporate anthocyanins into the membrane and cytosol, conferring significant protective effects against oxidative insult. These findings may have important implications on preserving EC function and preventing the initiation of EC changes associated with vascular diseases.
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result sql = Incorporation of the elderberry anthocyanins by endothelial cells increases protection against oxidative stress.
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char = d;code = 100
char = a;code = 97
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = v;code = 118
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = s;code = 115
char = t;code = 116
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = s;code = 115
char = s;code = 115
char = o;code = 111
char = r;code = 114
char = s;code = 115
char = .;code = 46
char = ;code = 32
char = E;code = 69
char = n;code = 110
char = d;code = 100
char = o;code = 111
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = e;code = 101
char = l;code = 108
char = i;code = 105
char = a;code = 97
char = l;code = 108
char = ;code = 32
char = d;code = 100
char = y;code = 121
char = s;code = 115
char = f;code = 102
char = u;code = 117
char = n;code = 110
char = c;code = 99
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = o;code = 111
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
char = h;code = 104
char = a;code = 97
char = s;code = 115
char = ;code = 32
char = b;code = 98
char = e;code = 101
char = e;code = 101
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
char = p;code = 112
char = r;code = 114
char = o;code = 111
char = p;code = 112
char = o;code = 111
char = s;code = 115
char = e;code = 101
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = o;code = 111
char = ;code = 32
char = p;code = 112
char = l;code = 108
char = a;code = 97
char = y;code = 121
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
char = i;code = 105
char = m;code = 109
char = p;code = 112
char = o;code = 111
char = r;code = 114
char = t;code = 116
char = a;code = 97
char = n;code = 110
char = t;code = 116
char = ;code = 32
char = r;code = 114
char = o;code = 111
char = l;code = 108
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = i;code = 105
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = a;code = 97
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = o;code = 111
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
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char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = d;code = 100
char = e;code = 101
char = v;code = 118
char = e;code = 101
char = l;code = 108
char = o;code = 111
char = p;code = 112
char = m;code = 109
char = e;code = 101
char = n;code = 110
char = t;code = 116
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char = o;code = 111
char = f;code = 102
char = ;code = 32
char = v;code = 118
char = a;code = 97
char = s;code = 115
char = c;code = 99
char = u;code = 117
char = l;code = 108
char = a;code = 97
char = r;code = 114
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char = d;code = 100
char = i;code = 105
char = s;code = 115
char = e;code = 101
char = a;code = 97
char = s;code = 115
char = e;code = 101
char = ,;code = 44
char = ;code = 32
char = w;code = 119
char = i;code = 105
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = ;code = 32
char = s;code = 115
char = t;code = 116
char = u;code = 117
char = d;code = 100
char = i;code = 105
char = e;code = 101
char = s;code = 115
char = ;code = 32
char = h;code = 104
char = a;code = 97
char = v;code = 118
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = g;code = 103
char = ;code = 32
char = s;code = 115
char = h;code = 104
char = o;code = 111
char = w;code = 119
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = a;code = 97
char = t;code = 116
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = d;code = 100
char = m;code = 109
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = i;code = 105
char = s;code = 115
char = t;code = 116
char = r;code = 114
char = a;code = 97
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = o;code = 111
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
char = o;code = 111
char = f;code = 102
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = n;code = 110
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = o;code = 111
char = x;code = 120
char = i;code = 105
char = d;code = 100
char = a;code = 97
char = n;code = 110
char = t;code = 116
char = s;code = 115
char = ;code = 32
char = i;code = 105
char = m;code = 109
char = p;code = 112
char = r;code = 114
char = o;code = 111
char = v;code = 118
char = e;code = 101
char = s;code = 115
char = ;code = 32
char = e;code = 101
char = n;code = 110
char = d;code = 100
char = o;code = 111
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = e;code = 101
char = l;code = 108
char = i;code = 105
char = a;code = 97
char = l;code = 108
char = ;code = 32
char = f;code = 102
char = u;code = 117
char = n;code = 110
char = c;code = 99
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = o;code = 111
char = n;code = 110
char = .;code = 46
char = ;code = 32
char = E;code = 69
char = l;code = 108
char = d;code = 100
char = e;code = 101
char = r;code = 114
char = b;code = 98
char = e;code = 101
char = r;code = 114
char = r;code = 114
char = y;code = 121
char = ;code = 32
char = e;code = 101
char = x;code = 120
char = t;code = 116
char = r;code = 114
char = a;code = 97
char = c;code = 99
char = t;code = 116
char = ;code = 32
char = c;code = 99
char = o;code = 111
char = n;code = 110
char = t;code = 116
char = a;code = 97
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = s;code = 115
char = ;code = 32
char = 4;code = 52
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = n;code = 110
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = o;code = 111
char = c;code = 99
char = y;code = 121
char = a;code = 97
char = n;code = 110
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = s;code = 115
char = ,;code = 44
char = ;code = 32
char = w;code = 119
char = h;code = 104
char = i;code = 105
char = c;code = 99
char = h;code = 104
char = ;code = 32
char = w;code = 119
char = h;code = 104
char = e;code = 101
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = c;code = 99
char = o;code = 111
char = r;code = 114
char = p;code = 112
char = o;code = 111
char = r;code = 114
char = a;code = 97
char = t;code = 116
char = e;code = 101
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = t;code = 116
char = o;code = 111
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = p;code = 112
char = l;code = 108
char = a;code = 97
char = s;code = 115
char = m;code = 109
char = a;code = 97
char = ;code = 32
char = m;code = 109
char = e;code = 101
char = m;code = 109
char = b;code = 98
char = r;code = 114
char = a;code = 97
char = n;code = 110
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = n;code = 110
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = c;code = 99
char = y;code = 121
char = t;code = 116
char = o;code = 111
char = s;code = 115
char = o;code = 111
char = l;code = 108
char = ;code = 32
char = o;code = 111
char = f;code = 102
char = ;code = 32
char = E;code = 69
char = C;code = 67
char = ;code = 32
char = f;code = 102
char = o;code = 111
char = l;code = 108
char = l;code = 108
char = o;code = 111
char = w;code = 119
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = g;code = 103
char = ;code = 32
char = 4;code = 52
char = ;code = 32
char = h;code = 104
char = ;code = 32
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = c;code = 99
char = u;code = 117
char = b;code = 98
char = a;code = 97
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = o;code = 111
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
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char = ;code = 32
char = 1;code = 49
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char = m;code = 109
char = g;code = 103
char = .;code = 46
char = m;code = 109
char = l;code = 108
char = (;code = 40
char = -;code = 45
char = 1;code = 49
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char = .;code = 46
char = ;code = 32
char = H;code = 72
char = o;code = 111
char = w;code = 119
char = e;code = 101
char = v;code = 118
char = e;code = 101
char = r;code = 114
char = ,;code = 44
char = ;code = 32
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = c;code = 99
char = o;code = 111
char = r;code = 114
char = p;code = 112
char = o;code = 111
char = r;code = 114
char = a;code = 97
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = o;code = 111
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
char = w;code = 119
char = i;code = 105
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
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char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = c;code = 99
char = y;code = 121
char = t;code = 116
char = o;code = 111
char = s;code = 115
char = o;code = 111
char = l;code = 108
char = ;code = 32
char = w;code = 119
char = a;code = 97
char = s;code = 115
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char = c;code = 99
char = o;code = 111
char = n;code = 110
char = s;code = 115
char = i;code = 105
char = d;code = 100
char = e;code = 101
char = r;code = 114
char = a;code = 97
char = b;code = 98
char = l;code = 108
char = y;code = 121
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char = l;code = 108
char = e;code = 101
char = s;code = 115
char = s;code = 115
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char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = a;code = 97
char = n;code = 110
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char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = a;code = 97
char = t;code = 116
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char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = e;code = 101
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char = m;code = 109
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char = m;code = 109
char = b;code = 98
char = r;code = 114
char = a;code = 97
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char = e;code = 101
char = .;code = 46
char = ;code = 32
char = U;code = 85
char = p;code = 112
char = t;code = 116
char = a;code = 97
char = k;code = 107
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = w;code = 119
char = i;code = 105
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
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char = b;code = 98
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char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = ;code = 32
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = g;code = 103
char = i;code = 105
char = o;code = 111
char = n;code = 110
char = s;code = 115
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = p;code = 112
char = p;code = 112
char = e;code = 101
char = a;code = 97
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char = e;code = 101
char = d;code = 100
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char = t;code = 116
char = o;code = 111
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char = b;code = 98
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = s;code = 115
char = t;code = 116
char = r;code = 114
char = u;code = 117
char = c;code = 99
char = t;code = 116
char = u;code = 117
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
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char = d;code = 100
char = e;code = 101
char = p;code = 112
char = e;code = 101
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char = d;code = 100
char = e;code = 101
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char = t;code = 116
char = ,;code = 44
char = ;code = 32
char = w;code = 119
char = i;code = 105
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = ;code = 32
char = m;code = 109
char = o;code = 111
char = n;code = 110
char = o;code = 111
char = g;code = 103
char = l;code = 108
char = y;code = 121
char = c;code = 99
char = o;code = 111
char = s;code = 115
char = i;code = 105
char = d;code = 100
char = e;code = 101
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char = c;code = 99
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char = n;code = 110
char = c;code = 99
char = e;code = 101
char = n;code = 110
char = t;code = 116
char = r;code = 114
char = a;code = 97
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char = i;code = 105
char = o;code = 111
char = n;code = 110
char = s;code = 115
char = ;code = 32
char = h;code = 104
char = i;code = 105
char = g;code = 103
char = h;code = 104
char = e;code = 101
char = r;code = 114
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char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = a;code = 97
char = n;code = 110
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char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = a;code = 97
char = t;code = 116
char = ;code = 32
char = o;code = 111
char = f;code = 102
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = e;code = 101
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char = d;code = 100
char = i;code = 105
char = g;code = 103
char = l;code = 108
char = u;code = 117
char = c;code = 99
char = o;code = 111
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char = i;code = 105
char = d;code = 100
char = e;code = 101
char = s;code = 115
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char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
char = b;code = 98
char = o;code = 111
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = ;code = 32
char = c;code = 99
char = o;code = 111
char = m;code = 109
char = p;code = 112
char = a;code = 97
char = r;code = 114
char = t;code = 116
char = m;code = 109
char = e;code = 101
char = n;code = 110
char = t;code = 116
char = s;code = 115
char = .;code = 46
char = ;code = 32
char = <;code = 60
char = b;code = 98
char = >;code = 62
char = T;code = 84
char = H;code = 72
char = E;code = 69
char = ;code = 32
char = E;code = 69
char = N;code = 78
char = R;code = 82
char = I;code = 73
char = C;code = 67
char = H;code = 72
char = M;code = 77
char = E;code = 69
char = N;code = 78
char = T;code = 84
char = ;code = 32
char = O;code = 79
char = F;code = 70
char = ;code = 32
char = E;code = 69
char = C;code = 67
char = ;code = 32
char = W;code = 87
char = I;code = 73
char = T;code = 84
char = H;code = 72
char = ;code = 32
char = E;code = 69
char = L;code = 76
char = D;code = 68
char = E;code = 69
char = R;code = 82
char = B;code = 66
char = E;code = 69
char = R;code = 82
char = R;code = 82
char = Y;code = 89
char = ;code = 32
char = A;code = 65
char = N;code = 78
char = T;code = 84
char = H;code = 72
char = O;code = 79
char = C;code = 67
char = Y;code = 89
char = A;code = 65
char = N;code = 78
char = I;code = 73
char = N;code = 78
char = S;code = 83
char = ;code = 32
char = C;code = 67
char = O;code = 79
char = N;code = 78
char = F;code = 70
char = E;code = 69
char = R;code = 82
char = R;code = 82
char = E;code = 69
char = D;code = 68
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char = S;code = 83
char = I;code = 73
char = G;code = 71
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char = I;code = 73
char = F;code = 70
char = I;code = 73
char = C;code = 67
char = A;code = 65
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char = T;code = 84
char = ;code = 32
char = P;code = 80
char = R;code = 82
char = O;code = 79
char = T;code = 84
char = E;code = 69
char = C;code = 67
char = T;code = 84
char = I;code = 73
char = V;code = 86
char = E;code = 69
char = ;code = 32
char = E;code = 69
char = F;code = 70
char = F;code = 70
char = E;code = 69
char = C;code = 67
char = T;code = 84
char = S;code = 83
char = ;code = 32
char = I;code = 73
char = N;code = 78
char = ;code = 32
char = E;code = 69
char = C;code = 67
char = ;code = 32
char = A;code = 65
char = G;code = 71
char = A;code = 65
char = I;code = 73
char = N;code = 78
char = S;code = 83
char = T;code = 84
char = ;code = 32
char = T;code = 84
char = H;code = 72
char = E;code = 69
char = ;code = 32
char = F;code = 70
char = O;code = 79
char = L;code = 76
char = L;code = 76
char = O;code = 79
char = W;code = 87
char = I;code = 73
char = N;code = 78
char = G;code = 71
char = ;code = 32
char = O;code = 79
char = X;code = 88
char = I;code = 73
char = D;code = 68
char = A;code = 65
char = T;code = 84
char = I;code = 73
char = V;code = 86
char = E;code = 69
char = ;code = 32
char = S;code = 83
char = T;code = 84
char = R;code = 82
char = E;code = 69
char = S;code = 83
char = S;code = 83
char = O;code = 79
char = R;code = 82
char = S;code = 83
char = :;code = 58
char = ;code = 32
char = <;code = 60
char = /;code = 47
char = b;code = 98
char = >;code = 62
char = ;code = 32
char = h;code = 104
char = y;code = 121
char = d;code = 100
char = r;code = 114
char = o;code = 111
char = g;code = 103
char = e;code = 101
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
char = p;code = 112
char = e;code = 101
char = r;code = 114
char = o;code = 111
char = x;code = 120
char = i;code = 105
char = d;code = 100
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = (;code = 40
char = H;code = 72
char = (;code = 40
char = 2;code = 50
char = );code = 41
char = O;code = 79
char = (;code = 40
char = 2;code = 50
char = );code = 41
char = );code = 41
char = ;;code = 59
char = ;code = 32
char = 2;code = 50
char = ,;code = 44
char = ;code = 32
char = 2;code = 50
char = ';code = 39
char = -;code = 45
char = a;code = 97
char = z;code = 122
char = o;code = 111
char = b;code = 98
char = i;code = 105
char = s;code = 115
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char = -;code = 45
char = a;code = 97
char = m;code = 109
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char = d;code = 100
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = o;code = 111
char = p;code = 112
char = r;code = 114
char = o;code = 111
char = p;code = 112
char = a;code = 97
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char = e;code = 101
char = );code = 41
char = ;code = 32
char = d;code = 100
char = i;code = 105
char = h;code = 104
char = y;code = 121
char = d;code = 100
char = r;code = 114
char = o;code = 111
char = c;code = 99
char = h;code = 104
char = l;code = 108
char = o;code = 111
char = r;code = 114
char = i;code = 105
char = d;code = 100
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = (;code = 40
char = A;code = 65
char = A;code = 65
char = P;code = 80
char = H;code = 72
char = );code = 41
char = ;;code = 59
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = n;code = 110
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = F;code = 70
char = e;code = 101
char = S;code = 83
char = O;code = 79
char = (;code = 40
char = 4;code = 52
char = );code = 41
char = /;code = 47
char = a;code = 97
char = s;code = 115
char = c;code = 99
char = o;code = 111
char = r;code = 114
char = b;code = 98
char = i;code = 105
char = c;code = 99
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = c;code = 99
char = i;code = 105
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = (;code = 40
char = A;code = 65
char = A;code = 65
char = );code = 41
char = .;code = 46
char = ;code = 32
char = T;code = 84
char = h;code = 104
char = e;code = 101
char = s;code = 115
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = s;code = 115
char = u;code = 117
char = l;code = 108
char = t;code = 116
char = s;code = 115
char = ;code = 32
char = s;code = 115
char = h;code = 104
char = o;code = 111
char = w;code = 119
char = ;code = 32
char = f;code = 102
char = o;code = 111
char = r;code = 114
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result sql = The objective of this study was to investigate the ability of endothelial cells (EC) to incorporate anthocyanins and to examine their potential benefits against various oxidative stressors. Endothelial dysfunction has been proposed to play an important role in the initiation and development of vascular disease, with studies having shown that administration of antioxidants improves endothelial function. Elderberry extract contains 4 anthocyanins, which where incorporated into the plasma membrane and cytosol of EC following 4 h incubation at 1 mg.ml(-1). However, incorporation within the cytosol was considerably less than that in the membrane. Uptake within both regions appeared to be structure dependent, with monoglycoside concentrations higher than that of the diglucosides in both compartments. THE ENRICHMENT OF EC WITH ELDERBERRY ANTHOCYANINS CONFERRED SIGNIFICANT PROTECTIVE EFFECTS IN EC AGAINST THE FOLLOWING OXIDATIVE STRESSORS: hydrogen peroxide (H(2)O(2)); 2, 2'-azobis(2-amidinopropane) dihydrochloride (AAPH); and FeSO(4)/ascorbic acid (AA). These results show for the first time that vascular EC can incorporate anthocyanins into the membrane and cytosol, conferring significant protective effects against oxidative insult. These findings may have important implications on preserving EC function and preventing the initiation of EC changes associated with vascular diseases.
Publication: Free Radic. Biol. Med. 2000 Jul 1 ;29(1)::51-60.
Publication Date: 2000 Jul 1
Study Author(s): Youdim, K A;Martin, A;Joseph, J A;
Institution: Jean Mayer Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging at Tufts University, United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Boston, MA 02111, USA. [email protected]
Shortcut link to this study:
Publication Date: 2000 Jul 1
Study Author(s): Youdim, K A;Martin, A;Joseph, J A;
Institution: Jean Mayer Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging at Tufts University, United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Boston, MA 02111, USA. [email protected]
Shortcut link to this study:
The objective of this study was to investigate the ability of endothelial cells (EC) to incorporate anthocyanins and to examine their potential benefits against various oxidative stressors. Endothelial dysfunction has been proposed to play an important role in the initiation and development of vascular disease, with studies having shown that administration of antioxidants improves endothelial function. Elderberry extract contains 4 anthocyanins, which where incorporated into the plasma membrane and cytosol of EC following 4 h incubation at 1 mg.ml(-1). However, incorporation within the cytosol was considerably less than that in the membrane. Uptake within both regions appeared to be structure dependent, with monoglycoside concentrations higher than that of the diglucosides in both compartments. THE ENRICHMENT OF EC WITH ELDERBERRY ANTHOCYANINS CONFERRED SIGNIFICANT PROTECTIVE EFFECTS IN EC AGAINST THE FOLLOWING OXIDATIVE STRESSORS: hydrogen peroxide (H(2)O(2)); 2, 2'-azobis(2-amidinopropane) dihydrochloride (AAPH); and FeSO(4)/ascorbic acid (AA). These results show for the first time that vascular EC can incorporate anthocyanins into the membrane and cytosol, conferring significant protective effects against oxidative insult. These findings may have important implications on preserving EC function and preventing the initiation of EC changes associated with vascular diseases.
PMID: 10962205
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