|
|
char = <;code = 60
char = i;code = 105
char = >;code = 62
char = I;code = 73
char = n;code = 110
char = &;code = 38
char = #;code = 35
char = 1;code = 49
char = 6;code = 54
char = 0;code = 48
char = ;;code = 59
char = v;code = 118
char = i;code = 105
char = t;code = 116
char = r;code = 114
char = o;code = 111
char = <;code = 60
char = /;code = 47
char = i;code = 105
char = >;code = 62
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = n;code = 110
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = -;code = 45
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = f;code = 102
char = l;code = 108
char = a;code = 97
char = m;code = 109
char = m;code = 109
char = a;code = 97
char = t;code = 116
char = o;code = 111
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char = y;code = 121
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = n;code = 110
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = s;code = 115
char = k;code = 107
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
char = p;code = 112
char = r;code = 114
char = o;code = 111
char = t;code = 116
char = e;code = 101
char = c;code = 99
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = v;code = 118
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = p;code = 112
char = r;code = 114
char = o;code = 111
char = p;code = 112
char = e;code = 101
char = r;code = 114
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = e;code = 101
char = s;code = 115
char = ;code = 32
char = o;code = 111
char = f;code = 102
char = ;code = 32
char = V;code = 86
char = i;code = 105
char = r;code = 114
char = g;code = 103
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
char = c;code = 99
char = o;code = 111
char = c;code = 99
char = o;code = 111
char = n;code = 110
char = u;code = 117
char = t;code = 116
char = ;code = 32
char = o;code = 111
char = i;code = 105
char = l;code = 108
char = .;code = 46
result sql = In vitro anti-inflammatory and skin protective properties of Virgin coconut oil.
In vitro anti-inflammatory and skin protective properties of Virgin coconut oil.char = V;code = 86
char = i;code = 105
char = r;code = 114
char = g;code = 103
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
char = c;code = 99
char = o;code = 111
char = c;code = 99
char = o;code = 111
char = n;code = 110
char = u;code = 117
char = t;code = 116
char = ;code = 32
char = o;code = 111
char = i;code = 105
char = l;code = 108
char = ;code = 32
char = (;code = 40
char = V;code = 86
char = C;code = 67
char = O;code = 79
char = );code = 41
char = ;code = 32
char = h;code = 104
char = a;code = 97
char = s;code = 115
char = ;code = 32
char = b;code = 98
char = e;code = 101
char = e;code = 101
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = r;code = 114
char = a;code = 97
char = d;code = 100
char = i;code = 105
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = o;code = 111
char = n;code = 110
char = a;code = 97
char = l;code = 108
char = l;code = 108
char = y;code = 121
char = ;code = 32
char = u;code = 117
char = s;code = 115
char = e;code = 101
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = s;code = 115
char = ;code = 32
char = m;code = 109
char = o;code = 111
char = i;code = 105
char = s;code = 115
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char = u;code = 117
char = r;code = 114
char = i;code = 105
char = z;code = 122
char = e;code = 101
char = r;code = 114
char = ;code = 32
char = s;code = 115
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = c;code = 99
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = c;code = 99
char = e;code = 101
char = n;code = 110
char = t;code = 116
char = u;code = 117
char = r;code = 114
char = i;code = 105
char = e;code = 101
char = s;code = 115
char = ;code = 32
char = b;code = 98
char = y;code = 121
char = ;code = 32
char = p;code = 112
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char = o;code = 111
char = p;code = 112
char = l;code = 108
char = e;code = 101
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char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = r;code = 114
char = o;code = 111
char = p;code = 112
char = i;code = 105
char = c;code = 99
char = a;code = 97
char = l;code = 108
char = ;code = 32
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = g;code = 103
char = i;code = 105
char = o;code = 111
char = n;code = 110
char = .;code = 46
char = ;code = 32
char = C;code = 67
char = l;code = 108
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char = n;code = 110
char = i;code = 105
char = c;code = 99
char = a;code = 97
char = l;code = 108
char = ;code = 32
char = s;code = 115
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char = u;code = 117
char = d;code = 100
char = i;code = 105
char = e;code = 101
char = s;code = 115
char = ;code = 32
char = h;code = 104
char = a;code = 97
char = v;code = 118
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = v;code = 118
char = e;code = 101
char = a;code = 97
char = l;code = 108
char = e;code = 101
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = a;code = 97
char = t;code = 116
char = ;code = 32
char = V;code = 86
char = C;code = 67
char = O;code = 79
char = ;code = 32
char = i;code = 105
char = m;code = 109
char = p;code = 112
char = r;code = 114
char = o;code = 111
char = v;code = 118
char = e;code = 101
char = s;code = 115
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = s;code = 115
char = y;code = 121
char = m;code = 109
char = p;code = 112
char = t;code = 116
char = o;code = 111
char = m;code = 109
char = s;code = 115
char = ;code = 32
char = o;code = 111
char = f;code = 102
char = ;code = 32
char = s;code = 115
char = k;code = 107
char = i;code = 105
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char = d;code = 100
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char = s;code = 115
char = o;code = 111
char = r;code = 114
char = d;code = 100
char = e;code = 101
char = r;code = 114
char = s;code = 115
char = ;code = 32
char = b;code = 98
char = y;code = 121
char = ;code = 32
char = m;code = 109
char = o;code = 111
char = i;code = 105
char = s;code = 115
char = t;code = 116
char = u;code = 117
char = r;code = 114
char = i;code = 105
char = z;code = 122
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = g;code = 103
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = n;code = 110
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = s;code = 115
char = o;code = 111
char = o;code = 111
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = g;code = 103
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = s;code = 115
char = k;code = 107
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = .;code = 46
char = ;code = 32
char = H;code = 72
char = o;code = 111
char = w;code = 119
char = e;code = 101
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char = e;code = 101
char = r;code = 114
char = ,;code = 44
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char = h;code = 104
char = e;code = 101
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char = m;code = 109
char = e;code = 101
char = c;code = 99
char = h;code = 104
char = a;code = 97
char = n;code = 110
char = i;code = 105
char = s;code = 115
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = c;code = 99
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = c;code = 99
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = o;code = 111
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
char = o;code = 111
char = f;code = 102
char = ;code = 32
char = V;code = 86
char = C;code = 67
char = O;code = 79
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = n;code = 110
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = i;code = 105
char = t;code = 116
char = s;code = 115
char = ;code = 32
char = b;code = 98
char = e;code = 101
char = n;code = 110
char = e;code = 101
char = f;code = 102
char = i;code = 105
char = t;code = 116
char = s;code = 115
char = ;code = 32
char = o;code = 111
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
char = s;code = 115
char = k;code = 107
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
char = h;code = 104
char = a;code = 97
char = s;code = 115
char = ;code = 32
char = n;code = 110
char = o;code = 111
char = t;code = 116
char = ;code = 32
char = b;code = 98
char = e;code = 101
char = e;code = 101
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
char = e;code = 101
char = l;code = 108
char = u;code = 117
char = c;code = 99
char = i;code = 105
char = d;code = 100
char = a;code = 97
char = t;code = 116
char = e;code = 101
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = <;code = 60
char = i;code = 105
char = >;code = 62
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 160
char = v;code = 118
char = i;code = 105
char = t;code = 116
char = r;code = 114
char = o;code = 111
char = <;code = 60
char = /;code = 47
char = i;code = 105
char = >;code = 62
char = .;code = 46
char = ;code = 32
char = T;code = 84
char = h;code = 104
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = c;code = 99
char = y;code = 121
char = t;code = 116
char = o;code = 111
char = t;code = 116
char = o;code = 111
char = x;code = 120
char = i;code = 105
char = c;code = 99
char = i;code = 105
char = t;code = 116
char = y;code = 121
char = ;code = 32
char = (;code = 40
char = C;code = 67
char = T;code = 84
char = C;code = 67
char = <;code = 60
char = s;code = 115
char = u;code = 117
char = b;code = 98
char = >;code = 62
char = 5;code = 53
char = 0;code = 48
char = <;code = 60
char = /;code = 47
char = s;code = 115
char = u;code = 117
char = b;code = 98
char = >;code = 62
char = );code = 41
char = ;code = 32
char = o;code = 111
char = f;code = 102
char = ;code = 32
char = V;code = 86
char = C;code = 67
char = O;code = 79
char = ;code = 32
char = w;code = 119
char = a;code = 97
char = s;code = 115
char = ;code = 32
char = 7;code = 55
char = 0;code = 48
char = 6;code = 54
char = .;code = 46
char = 5;code = 53
char = 3;code = 51
char = ;code = 160
char = ±;code = 177
char = ;code = 160
char = 2;code = 50
char = .;code = 46
char = 1;code = 49
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = n;code = 110
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = 7;code = 55
char = 8;code = 56
char = 7;code = 55
char = .;code = 46
char = 1;code = 49
char = 5;code = 53
char = ;code = 160
char = ±;code = 177
char = ;code = 160
char = 1;code = 49
char = .;code = 46
char = 1;code = 49
char = ;code = 160
char = μ;code = 956
char = g;code = 103
char = /;code = 47
char = m;code = 109
char = L;code = 76
char = ;code = 32
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
char = T;code = 84
char = H;code = 72
char = P;code = 80
char = -;code = 45
char = 1;code = 49
char = ;code = 32
char = (;code = 40
char = H;code = 72
char = u;code = 117
char = m;code = 109
char = a;code = 97
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
char = m;code = 109
char = o;code = 111
char = n;code = 110
char = o;code = 111
char = c;code = 99
char = y;code = 121
char = t;code = 116
char = e;code = 101
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char = );code = 41
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
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char = d;code = 100
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char = H;code = 72
char = a;code = 97
char = C;code = 67
char = a;code = 97
char = T;code = 84
char = ;code = 32
char = (;code = 40
char = H;code = 72
char = u;code = 117
char = m;code = 109
char = a;code = 97
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
char = k;code = 107
char = e;code = 101
char = r;code = 114
char = a;code = 97
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
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char = c;code = 99
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char = e;code = 101
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char = c;code = 99
char = e;code = 101
char = l;code = 108
char = l;code = 108
char = s;code = 115
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char = r;code = 114
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char = s;code = 115
char = p;code = 112
char = e;code = 101
char = c;code = 99
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char = v;code = 118
char = e;code = 101
char = l;code = 108
char = y;code = 121
char = .;code = 46
char = ;code = 32
char = V;code = 86
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char = O;code = 79
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char = i;code = 105
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char = T;code = 84
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char = F;code = 70
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char = α;code = 945
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char = (;code = 40
char = 6;code = 54
char = 2;code = 50
char = .;code = 46
char = 3;code = 51
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char = ;code = 160
char = ±;code = 177
char = ;code = 160
char = 3;code = 51
char = .;code = 46
char = 2;code = 50
char = ;code = 32
char = %;code = 37
char = );code = 41
char = ,;code = 44
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char = I;code = 73
char = F;code = 70
char = N;code = 78
char = -;code = 45
char = γ;code = 947
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char = (;code = 40
char = 4;code = 52
char = 2;code = 50
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char = ;code = 160
char = ±;code = 177
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char = ,;code = 44
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char = I;code = 73
char = L;code = 76
char = -;code = 45
char = 8;code = 56
char = ;code = 32
char = (;code = 40
char = 5;code = 53
char = 3;code = 51
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char = 9;code = 57
char = 8;code = 56
char = ;code = 160
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char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
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char = d;code = 100
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char = I;code = 73
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char = 5;code = 53
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char = (;code = 40
char = 5;code = 53
char = 1;code = 49
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char = H;code = 72
char = P;code = 80
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char = 1;code = 49
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char = c;code = 99
char = e;code = 101
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char = n;code = 110
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char = o;code = 111
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char = u;code = 117
char = c;code = 99
char = r;code = 114
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
char = (;code = 40
char = I;code = 73
char = N;code = 78
char = V;code = 86
char = );code = 41
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = n;code = 110
char = d;code = 100
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char = f;code = 102
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char = l;code = 108
char = a;code = 97
char = g;code = 103
char = g;code = 103
char = r;code = 114
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char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
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char = t;code = 116
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char = i;code = 105
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char = c;code = 99
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = a;code = 97
char = s;code = 115
char = e;code = 101
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = b;code = 98
char = y;code = 121
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char = 4;code = 52
char = 7;code = 55
char = .;code = 46
char = 5;code = 53
char = 3;code = 51
char = ;code = 160
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char = 1;code = 49
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char = %;code = 37
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
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char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = 4;code = 52
char = 0;code = 48
char = .;code = 46
char = 4;code = 52
char = 5;code = 53
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char = a;code = 97
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char = l;code = 108
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result sql = Virgin coconut oil (VCO) has been traditionally used as moisturizer since centuries by people in the tropical region. Clinical studies have revealed that VCO improves the symptoms of skin disorders by moisturizing and soothing the skin. However, the mechanistic action of VCO and its benefits on skin has not been elucidated in vitro. The cytotoxicity (CTC50) of VCO was 706.53 ± 2.1 and 787.15 ± 1.1 μg/mL in THP-1 (Human monocytes) and HaCaT (Human keratinocytes) cells respectively. VCO inhibited TNF-α (62.34 ± 3.2 %), IFN-γ (42.66 ± 2.9 %), IL-6 (52.07 ± 2.0 %), IL-8 (53.98 ± 1.8 %) and IL-5 (51.57 ± 2.6 %) respectively in THP-1 cells. Involucrin (INV) and filaggrin (FLG) content increased by 47.53 ± 2.1 % and 40.45 ± 1.2 % respectively in HaCaT cells. VCO increased the expression of Aquaporin-3 (AQP3), involucrin (INV) and filaggrin (FLG) and showed moderate UV protection in HaCaT cells. In vitro skin irritation studies in Reconstructed human epidermis (RHE) and NIH3T3 cells showed that VCO is a non skin irritant (IC50 > 1000 μg/mL) and non phototoxic (PIF < 2). Our study demonstrated the anti inflammatory activity of VCO by suppressing inflammatory markers and protecting the skin by enhancing skin barrier function. This is the first report on anti-inflammatory and skin protective benefits of VCO in vitro. Overall, the results warrant the use of VCO in skin care formulations.
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result sql = In vitro anti-inflammatory and skin protective properties of Virgin coconut oil.
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char = s;code = 115
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = s;code = 115
char = y;code = 121
char = m;code = 109
char = p;code = 112
char = t;code = 116
char = o;code = 111
char = m;code = 109
char = s;code = 115
char = ;code = 32
char = o;code = 111
char = f;code = 102
char = ;code = 32
char = s;code = 115
char = k;code = 107
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
char = d;code = 100
char = i;code = 105
char = s;code = 115
char = o;code = 111
char = r;code = 114
char = d;code = 100
char = e;code = 101
char = r;code = 114
char = s;code = 115
char = ;code = 32
char = b;code = 98
char = y;code = 121
char = ;code = 32
char = m;code = 109
char = o;code = 111
char = i;code = 105
char = s;code = 115
char = t;code = 116
char = u;code = 117
char = r;code = 114
char = i;code = 105
char = z;code = 122
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = g;code = 103
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = n;code = 110
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = s;code = 115
char = o;code = 111
char = o;code = 111
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = g;code = 103
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = s;code = 115
char = k;code = 107
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = .;code = 46
char = ;code = 32
char = H;code = 72
char = o;code = 111
char = w;code = 119
char = e;code = 101
char = v;code = 118
char = e;code = 101
char = r;code = 114
char = ,;code = 44
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = m;code = 109
char = e;code = 101
char = c;code = 99
char = h;code = 104
char = a;code = 97
char = n;code = 110
char = i;code = 105
char = s;code = 115
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = c;code = 99
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = c;code = 99
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = o;code = 111
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
char = o;code = 111
char = f;code = 102
char = ;code = 32
char = V;code = 86
char = C;code = 67
char = O;code = 79
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = n;code = 110
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = i;code = 105
char = t;code = 116
char = s;code = 115
char = ;code = 32
char = b;code = 98
char = e;code = 101
char = n;code = 110
char = e;code = 101
char = f;code = 102
char = i;code = 105
char = t;code = 116
char = s;code = 115
char = ;code = 32
char = o;code = 111
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
char = s;code = 115
char = k;code = 107
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
char = h;code = 104
char = a;code = 97
char = s;code = 115
char = ;code = 32
char = n;code = 110
char = o;code = 111
char = t;code = 116
char = ;code = 32
char = b;code = 98
char = e;code = 101
char = e;code = 101
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
char = e;code = 101
char = l;code = 108
char = u;code = 117
char = c;code = 99
char = i;code = 105
char = d;code = 100
char = a;code = 97
char = t;code = 116
char = e;code = 101
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = <;code = 60
char = i;code = 105
char = >;code = 62
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 160
char = v;code = 118
char = i;code = 105
char = t;code = 116
char = r;code = 114
char = o;code = 111
char = <;code = 60
char = /;code = 47
char = i;code = 105
char = >;code = 62
char = .;code = 46
char = ;code = 32
char = T;code = 84
char = h;code = 104
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = c;code = 99
char = y;code = 121
char = t;code = 116
char = o;code = 111
char = t;code = 116
char = o;code = 111
char = x;code = 120
char = i;code = 105
char = c;code = 99
char = i;code = 105
char = t;code = 116
char = y;code = 121
char = ;code = 32
char = (;code = 40
char = C;code = 67
char = T;code = 84
char = C;code = 67
char = <;code = 60
char = s;code = 115
char = u;code = 117
char = b;code = 98
char = >;code = 62
char = 5;code = 53
char = 0;code = 48
char = <;code = 60
char = /;code = 47
char = s;code = 115
char = u;code = 117
char = b;code = 98
char = >;code = 62
char = );code = 41
char = ;code = 32
char = o;code = 111
char = f;code = 102
char = ;code = 32
char = V;code = 86
char = C;code = 67
char = O;code = 79
char = ;code = 32
char = w;code = 119
char = a;code = 97
char = s;code = 115
char = ;code = 32
char = 7;code = 55
char = 0;code = 48
char = 6;code = 54
char = .;code = 46
char = 5;code = 53
char = 3;code = 51
char = ;code = 160
char = ±;code = 177
char = ;code = 160
char = 2;code = 50
char = .;code = 46
char = 1;code = 49
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = n;code = 110
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = 7;code = 55
char = 8;code = 56
char = 7;code = 55
char = .;code = 46
char = 1;code = 49
char = 5;code = 53
char = ;code = 160
char = ±;code = 177
char = ;code = 160
char = 1;code = 49
char = .;code = 46
char = 1;code = 49
char = ;code = 160
char = μ;code = 956
char = g;code = 103
char = /;code = 47
char = m;code = 109
char = L;code = 76
char = ;code = 32
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
char = T;code = 84
char = H;code = 72
char = P;code = 80
char = -;code = 45
char = 1;code = 49
char = ;code = 32
char = (;code = 40
char = H;code = 72
char = u;code = 117
char = m;code = 109
char = a;code = 97
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
char = m;code = 109
char = o;code = 111
char = n;code = 110
char = o;code = 111
char = c;code = 99
char = y;code = 121
char = t;code = 116
char = e;code = 101
char = s;code = 115
char = );code = 41
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = n;code = 110
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = H;code = 72
char = a;code = 97
char = C;code = 67
char = a;code = 97
char = T;code = 84
char = ;code = 32
char = (;code = 40
char = H;code = 72
char = u;code = 117
char = m;code = 109
char = a;code = 97
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
char = k;code = 107
char = e;code = 101
char = r;code = 114
char = a;code = 97
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = o;code = 111
char = c;code = 99
char = y;code = 121
char = t;code = 116
char = e;code = 101
char = s;code = 115
char = );code = 41
char = ;code = 32
char = c;code = 99
char = e;code = 101
char = l;code = 108
char = l;code = 108
char = s;code = 115
char = ;code = 32
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = s;code = 115
char = p;code = 112
char = e;code = 101
char = c;code = 99
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = v;code = 118
char = e;code = 101
char = l;code = 108
char = y;code = 121
char = .;code = 46
char = ;code = 32
char = V;code = 86
char = C;code = 67
char = O;code = 79
char = ;code = 32
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = h;code = 104
char = i;code = 105
char = b;code = 98
char = i;code = 105
char = t;code = 116
char = e;code = 101
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = T;code = 84
char = N;code = 78
char = F;code = 70
char = -;code = 45
char = α;code = 945
char = ;code = 32
char = (;code = 40
char = 6;code = 54
char = 2;code = 50
char = .;code = 46
char = 3;code = 51
char = 4;code = 52
char = ;code = 160
char = ±;code = 177
char = ;code = 160
char = 3;code = 51
char = .;code = 46
char = 2;code = 50
char = ;code = 32
char = %;code = 37
char = );code = 41
char = ,;code = 44
char = ;code = 32
char = I;code = 73
char = F;code = 70
char = N;code = 78
char = -;code = 45
char = γ;code = 947
char = ;code = 32
char = (;code = 40
char = 4;code = 52
char = 2;code = 50
char = .;code = 46
char = 6;code = 54
char = 6;code = 54
char = ;code = 160
char = ±;code = 177
char = ;code = 160
char = 2;code = 50
char = .;code = 46
char = 9;code = 57
char = ;code = 32
char = %;code = 37
char = );code = 41
char = ,;code = 44
char = ;code = 32
char = I;code = 73
char = L;code = 76
char = -;code = 45
char = 6;code = 54
char = ;code = 32
char = (;code = 40
char = 5;code = 53
char = 2;code = 50
char = .;code = 46
char = 0;code = 48
char = 7;code = 55
char = ;code = 160
char = ±;code = 177
char = ;code = 160
char = 2;code = 50
char = .;code = 46
char = 0;code = 48
char = ;code = 32
char = %;code = 37
char = );code = 41
char = ,;code = 44
char = ;code = 32
char = I;code = 73
char = L;code = 76
char = -;code = 45
char = 8;code = 56
char = ;code = 32
char = (;code = 40
char = 5;code = 53
char = 3;code = 51
char = .;code = 46
char = 9;code = 57
char = 8;code = 56
char = ;code = 160
char = ±;code = 177
char = ;code = 160
char = 1;code = 49
char = .;code = 46
char = 8;code = 56
char = ;code = 32
char = %;code = 37
char = );code = 41
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = n;code = 110
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = I;code = 73
char = L;code = 76
char = -;code = 45
char = 5;code = 53
char = ;code = 32
char = (;code = 40
char = 5;code = 53
char = 1;code = 49
char = .;code = 46
char = 5;code = 53
char = 7;code = 55
char = ;code = 160
char = ±;code = 177
char = ;code = 160
char = 2;code = 50
char = .;code = 46
char = 6;code = 54
char = ;code = 32
char = %;code = 37
char = );code = 41
char = ;code = 32
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = s;code = 115
char = p;code = 112
char = e;code = 101
char = c;code = 99
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = v;code = 118
char = e;code = 101
char = l;code = 108
char = y;code = 121
char = ;code = 32
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
char = T;code = 84
char = H;code = 72
char = P;code = 80
char = -;code = 45
char = 1;code = 49
char = ;code = 160
char = c;code = 99
char = e;code = 101
char = l;code = 108
char = l;code = 108
char = s;code = 115
char = .;code = 46
char = ;code = 32
char = I;code = 73
char = n;code = 110
char = v;code = 118
char = o;code = 111
char = l;code = 108
char = u;code = 117
char = c;code = 99
char = r;code = 114
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
char = (;code = 40
char = I;code = 73
char = N;code = 78
char = V;code = 86
char = );code = 41
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = n;code = 110
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = f;code = 102
char = i;code = 105
char = l;code = 108
char = a;code = 97
char = g;code = 103
char = g;code = 103
char = r;code = 114
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
char = (;code = 40
char = F;code = 70
char = L;code = 76
char = G;code = 71
char = );code = 41
char = ;code = 32
char = c;code = 99
char = o;code = 111
char = n;code = 110
char = t;code = 116
char = e;code = 101
char = n;code = 110
char = t;code = 116
char = ;code = 32
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = c;code = 99
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = a;code = 97
char = s;code = 115
char = e;code = 101
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = b;code = 98
char = y;code = 121
char = ;code = 32
char = 4;code = 52
char = 7;code = 55
char = .;code = 46
char = 5;code = 53
char = 3;code = 51
char = ;code = 160
char = ±;code = 177
char = ;code = 160
char = 2;code = 50
char = .;code = 46
char = 1;code = 49
char = ;code = 32
char = %;code = 37
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = n;code = 110
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = 4;code = 52
char = 0;code = 48
char = .;code = 46
char = 4;code = 52
char = 5;code = 53
char = ;code = 160
char = ±;code = 177
char = ;code = 160
char = 1;code = 49
char = .;code = 46
char = 2;code = 50
char = ;code = 32
char = %;code = 37
char = ;code = 32
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = s;code = 115
char = p;code = 112
char = e;code = 101
char = c;code = 99
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = v;code = 118
char = e;code = 101
char = l;code = 108
char = y;code = 121
char = ;code = 32
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
char = H;code = 72
char = a;code = 97
char = C;code = 67
char = a;code = 97
char = T;code = 84
char = ;code = 32
char = c;code = 99
char = e;code = 101
char = l;code = 108
char = l;code = 108
char = s;code = 115
char = .;code = 46
char = ;code = 32
char = V;code = 86
char = C;code = 67
char = O;code = 79
char = ;code = 32
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = c;code = 99
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = a;code = 97
char = s;code = 115
char = e;code = 101
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = e;code = 101
char = x;code = 120
char = p;code = 112
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = s;code = 115
char = s;code = 115
char = i;code = 105
char = o;code = 111
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
char = o;code = 111
char = f;code = 102
char = ;code = 32
char = A;code = 65
char = q;code = 113
char = u;code = 117
char = a;code = 97
char = p;code = 112
char = o;code = 111
char = r;code = 114
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = -;code = 45
char = 3;code = 51
char = ;code = 32
char = (;code = 40
char = A;code = 65
char = Q;code = 81
char = P;code = 80
char = 3;code = 51
char = );code = 41
char = ,;code = 44
char = ;code = 32
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = v;code = 118
char = o;code = 111
char = l;code = 108
char = u;code = 117
char = c;code = 99
char = r;code = 114
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
char = (;code = 40
char = I;code = 73
char = N;code = 78
char = V;code = 86
char = );code = 41
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = n;code = 110
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = f;code = 102
char = i;code = 105
char = l;code = 108
char = a;code = 97
char = g;code = 103
char = g;code = 103
char = r;code = 114
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
char = (;code = 40
char = F;code = 70
char = L;code = 76
char = G;code = 71
char = );code = 41
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = n;code = 110
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = s;code = 115
char = h;code = 104
char = o;code = 111
char = w;code = 119
char = e;code = 101
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = m;code = 109
char = o;code = 111
char = d;code = 100
char = e;code = 101
char = r;code = 114
char = a;code = 97
char = t;code = 116
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = U;code = 85
char = V;code = 86
char = ;code = 32
char = p;code = 112
char = r;code = 114
char = o;code = 111
char = t;code = 116
char = e;code = 101
char = c;code = 99
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = o;code = 111
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
char = H;code = 72
char = a;code = 97
char = C;code = 67
char = a;code = 97
char = T;code = 84
char = ;code = 32
char = c;code = 99
char = e;code = 101
char = l;code = 108
char = l;code = 108
char = s;code = 115
char = .;code = 46
char = ;code = 32
char = <;code = 60
char = i;code = 105
char = >;code = 62
char = I;code = 73
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 160
char = v;code = 118
char = i;code = 105
char = t;code = 116
char = r;code = 114
char = o;code = 111
char = <;code = 60
char = /;code = 47
char = i;code = 105
char = >;code = 62
char = ;code = 32
char = s;code = 115
char = k;code = 107
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
char = i;code = 105
char = r;code = 114
char = r;code = 114
char = i;code = 105
char = t;code = 116
char = a;code = 97
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = o;code = 111
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
char = s;code = 115
char = t;code = 116
char = u;code = 117
char = d;code = 100
char = i;code = 105
char = e;code = 101
char = s;code = 115
char = ;code = 32
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
char = R;code = 82
char = e;code = 101
char = c;code = 99
char = o;code = 111
char = n;code = 110
char = s;code = 115
char = t;code = 116
char = r;code = 114
char = u;code = 117
char = c;code = 99
char = t;code = 116
char = e;code = 101
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = h;code = 104
char = u;code = 117
char = m;code = 109
char = a;code = 97
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
char = e;code = 101
char = p;code = 112
char = i;code = 105
char = d;code = 100
char = e;code = 101
char = r;code = 114
char = m;code = 109
char = i;code = 105
char = s;code = 115
char = ;code = 32
char = (;code = 40
char = R;code = 82
char = H;code = 72
char = E;code = 69
char = );code = 41
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = n;code = 110
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = N;code = 78
char = I;code = 73
char = H;code = 72
char = 3;code = 51
char = T;code = 84
char = 3;code = 51
char = ;code = 32
char = c;code = 99
char = e;code = 101
char = l;code = 108
char = l;code = 108
char = s;code = 115
char = ;code = 32
char = s;code = 115
char = h;code = 104
char = o;code = 111
char = w;code = 119
char = e;code = 101
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = a;code = 97
char = t;code = 116
char = ;code = 32
char = V;code = 86
char = C;code = 67
char = O;code = 79
char = ;code = 32
char = i;code = 105
char = s;code = 115
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = ;code = 32
char = n;code = 110
char = o;code = 111
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
char = s;code = 115
char = k;code = 107
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
char = i;code = 105
char = r;code = 114
char = r;code = 114
char = i;code = 105
char = t;code = 116
char = a;code = 97
char = n;code = 110
char = t;code = 116
char = ;code = 32
char = (;code = 40
char = I;code = 73
char = C;code = 67
char = <;code = 60
char = s;code = 115
char = u;code = 117
char = b;code = 98
char = >;code = 62
char = 5;code = 53
char = 0;code = 48
char = <;code = 60
char = /;code = 47
char = s;code = 115
char = u;code = 117
char = b;code = 98
char = >;code = 62
char = ;code = 160
char = &;code = 38
char = g;code = 103
char = t;code = 116
char = ;;code = 59
char = ;code = 160
char = 1;code = 49
char = 0;code = 48
char = 0;code = 48
char = 0;code = 48
char = ;code = 160
char = μ;code = 956
char = g;code = 103
char = /;code = 47
char = m;code = 109
char = L;code = 76
char = );code = 41
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = n;code = 110
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result sql = Virgin coconut oil (VCO) has been traditionally used as moisturizer since centuries by people in the tropical region. Clinical studies have revealed that VCO improves the symptoms of skin disorders by moisturizing and soothing the skin. However, the mechanistic action of VCO and its benefits on skin has not been elucidated in vitro. The cytotoxicity (CTC50) of VCO was 706.53 ± 2.1 and 787.15 ± 1.1 μg/mL in THP-1 (Human monocytes) and HaCaT (Human keratinocytes) cells respectively. VCO inhibited TNF-α (62.34 ± 3.2 %), IFN-γ (42.66 ± 2.9 %), IL-6 (52.07 ± 2.0 %), IL-8 (53.98 ± 1.8 %) and IL-5 (51.57 ± 2.6 %) respectively in THP-1 cells. Involucrin (INV) and filaggrin (FLG) content increased by 47.53 ± 2.1 % and 40.45 ± 1.2 % respectively in HaCaT cells. VCO increased the expression of Aquaporin-3 (AQP3), involucrin (INV) and filaggrin (FLG) and showed moderate UV protection in HaCaT cells. In vitro skin irritation studies in Reconstructed human epidermis (RHE) and NIH3T3 cells showed that VCO is a non skin irritant (IC50 > 1000 μg/mL) and non phototoxic (PIF < 2). Our study demonstrated the anti inflammatory activity of VCO by suppressing inflammatory markers and protecting the skin by enhancing skin barrier function. This is the first report on anti-inflammatory and skin protective benefits of VCO in vitro. Overall, the results warrant the use of VCO in skin care formulations.
Publication: J Tradit Complement Med 2019 Jan;9(1):5-14.
Publication Date: Jan 2019
Study Author(s): Varma Sandeep R SR ; Sivaprakasam Thiyagarajan O TO ; Arumugam Ilavarasu I ; Dilip N N ; Raghuraman M M ; Pavan K B KB ; Rafiq Mohammed M ; Paramesh Rangesh R ;
Institution: Department of Cell Biology, Discovery Sciences Group, Research and Development Centre, The Himalaya Drug Company, Makali, Bangalore 562 162, India.
Shortcut link to this study:
Publication Date: Jan 2019
Study Author(s): Varma Sandeep R SR ; Sivaprakasam Thiyagarajan O TO ; Arumugam Ilavarasu I ; Dilip N N ; Raghuraman M M ; Pavan K B KB ; Rafiq Mohammed M ; Paramesh Rangesh R ;
Institution: Department of Cell Biology, Discovery Sciences Group, Research and Development Centre, The Himalaya Drug Company, Makali, Bangalore 562 162, India.
Shortcut link to this study:
Virgin coconut oil (VCO) has been traditionally used as moisturizer since centuries by people in the tropical region. Clinical studies have revealed that VCO improves the symptoms of skin disorders by moisturizing and soothing the skin. However, the mechanistic action of VCO and its benefits on skin has not been elucidated in vitro. The cytotoxicity (CTC50) of VCO was 706.53 ± 2.1 and 787.15 ± 1.1 μg/mL in THP-1 (Human monocytes) and HaCaT (Human keratinocytes) cells respectively. VCO inhibited TNF-α (62.34 ± 3.2 %), IFN-γ (42.66 ± 2.9 %), IL-6 (52.07 ± 2.0 %), IL-8 (53.98 ± 1.8 %) and IL-5 (51.57 ± 2.6 %) respectively in THP-1 cells. Involucrin (INV) and filaggrin (FLG) content increased by 47.53 ± 2.1 % and 40.45 ± 1.2 % respectively in HaCaT cells. VCO increased the expression of Aquaporin-3 (AQP3), involucrin (INV) and filaggrin (FLG) and showed moderate UV protection in HaCaT cells. In vitro skin irritation studies in Reconstructed human epidermis (RHE) and NIH3T3 cells showed that VCO is a non skin irritant (IC50 > 1000 μg/mL) and non phototoxic (PIF < 2). Our study demonstrated the anti inflammatory activity of VCO by suppressing inflammatory markers and protecting the skin by enhancing skin barrier function. This is the first report on anti-inflammatory and skin protective benefits of VCO in vitro. Overall, the results warrant the use of VCO in skin care formulations.
PMID: 30671361
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