char = I;code = 73 char = d;code = 100 char = e;code = 101 char = n;code = 110 char = t;code = 116 char = i;code = 105 char = f;code = 102 char = i;code = 105 char = c;code = 99 char = a;code = 97 char = t;code = 116 char = i;code = 105 char = o;code = 111 char = n;code = 110 char = ;code = 32 char = a;code = 97 char = n;code = 110 char = d;code = 100 char = ;code = 32 char = c;code = 99 char = h;code = 104 char = a;code = 97 char = r;code = 114 char = a;code = 97 char = c;code = 99 char = t;code = 116 char = e;code = 101 char = r;code = 114 char = i;code = 105 char = z;code = 122 char = a;code = 97 char = t;code = 116 char = i;code = 105 char = o;code = 111 char = n;code = 110 char = ;code = 32 char = o;code = 111 char = f;code = 102 char = ;code = 32 char = m;code = 109 char = i;code = 105 char = c;code = 99 char = r;code = 114 char = o;code = 111 char = R;code = 82 char = N;code = 78 char = A;code = 65 char = s;code = 115 char = ;code = 32 char = i;code = 105 char = n;code = 110 char = ;code = 32 char = r;code = 114 char = a;code = 97 char = w;code = 119 char = ;code = 32 char = m;code = 109 char = i;code = 105 char = l;code = 108 char = k;code = 107 char = ;code = 32 char = d;code = 100 char = u;code = 117 char = r;code = 114 char = i;code = 105 char = n;code = 110 char = g;code = 103 char = ;code = 32 char = d;code = 100 char = i;code = 105 char = f;code = 102 char = f;code = 102 char = e;code = 101 char = r;code = 114 char = e;code = 101 char = n;code = 110 char = t;code = 116 char = ;code = 32 char = p;code = 112 char = e;code = 101 char = r;code = 114 char = i;code = 105 char = o;code = 111 char = d;code = 100 char = s;code = 115 char = ;code = 32 char = o;code = 111 char = f;code = 102 char = ;code = 32 char = l;code = 108 char = a;code = 97 char = c;code = 99 char = t;code = 116 char = a;code = 97 char = t;code = 116 char = i;code = 105 char = o;code = 111 char = n;code = 110 char = ,;code = 44 char = ;code = 32 char = c;code = 99 char = o;code = 111 char = m;code = 109 char = m;code = 109 char = e;code = 101 char = r;code = 114 char = c;code = 99 char = i;code = 105 char = a;code = 97 char = l;code = 108 char = ;code = 32 char = f;code = 102 char = l;code = 108 char = u;code = 117 char = i;code = 105 char = d;code = 100 char = ,;code = 44 char = ;code = 32 char = a;code = 97 char = n;code = 110 char = d;code = 100 char = ;code = 32 char = p;code = 112 char = o;code = 111 char = w;code = 119 char = d;code = 100 char = e;code = 101 char = r;code = 114 char = e;code = 101 char = d;code = 100 char = ;code = 32 char = m;code = 109 char = i;code = 105 char = l;code = 108 char = k;code = 107 char = ;code = 32 char = p;code = 112 char = r;code = 114 char = o;code = 111 char = d;code = 100 char = u;code = 117 char = c;code = 99 char = t;code = 116 char = s;code = 115 char = .;code = 46 result sql = Identification and characterization of microRNAs in raw milk during different periods of lactation, commercial fluid, and powdered milk products.
Identification and characterization of microRNAs in raw milk during different periods of lactation, commercial fluid, and powdered milk products.char = R;code = 82 char = e;code = 101 char = c;code = 99 char = e;code = 101 char = n;code = 110 char = t;code = 116 char = ;code = 32 char = b;code = 98 char = a;code = 97 char = b;code = 98 char = y;code = 121 char = ;code = 32 char = f;code = 102 char = o;code = 111 char = r;code = 114 char = m;code = 109 char = u;code = 117 char = l;code = 108 char = a;code = 97 char = ;code = 32 char = m;code = 109 char = i;code = 105 char = l;code = 108 char = k;code = 107 char = ;code = 32 char = p;code = 112 char = o;code = 111 char = w;code = 119 char = d;code = 100 char = e;code = 101 char = r;code = 114 char = ;code = 32 char = c;code = 99 char = o;code = 111 char = n;code = 110 char = t;code = 116 char = a;code = 97 char = m;code = 109 char = i;code = 105 char = n;code = 110 char = a;code = 97 char = t;code = 116 char = i;code = 105 char = o;code = 111 char = n;code = 110 char = ;code = 32 char = i;code = 105 char = n;code = 110 char = c;code = 99 char = i;code = 105 char = d;code = 100 char = e;code = 101 char = n;code = 110 char = t;code = 116 char = s;code = 115 char = ;code = 32 char = h;code = 104 char = a;code = 97 char = v;code = 118 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = s;code = 115 char = h;code = 104 char = o;code = 111 char = w;code = 119 char = n;code = 110 char = ;code = 32 char = t;code = 116 char = h;code = 104 char = a;code = 97 char = t;code = 116 char = ;code = 32 char = t;code = 116 char = h;code = 104 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = c;code = 99 char = l;code = 108 char = a;code = 97 char = s;code = 115 char = s;code = 115 char = i;code = 105 char = c;code = 99 char = ;code = 32 char = m;code = 109 char = a;code = 97 char = r;code = 114 char = k;code = 107 char = e;code = 101 char = r;code = 114 char = s;code = 115 char = ;code = 32 char = o;code = 111 char = r;code = 114 char = ;code = 32 char = s;code = 115 char = t;code = 116 char = a;code = 97 char = n;code = 110 char = d;code = 100 char = a;code = 97 char = r;code = 114 char = d;code = 100 char = s;code = 115 char = ;code = 32 char = i;code = 105 char = n;code = 110 char = ;code = 32 char = m;code = 109 char = i;code = 105 char = l;code = 108 char = k;code = 107 char = ;code = 32 char = q;code = 113 char = u;code = 117 char = a;code = 97 char = l;code = 108 char = i;code = 105 char = t;code = 116 char = y;code = 121 char = ;code = 32 char = c;code = 99 char = o;code = 111 char = n;code = 110 char = t;code = 116 char = r;code = 114 char = o;code = 111 char = l;code = 108 char = ;code = 32 char = a;code = 97 char = r;code = 114 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = i;code = 105 char = n;code = 110 char = s;code = 115 char = u;code = 117 char = f;code = 102 char = f;code = 102 char = i;code = 105 char = c;code = 99 char = i;code = 105 char = e;code = 101 char = n;code = 110 char = t;code = 116 char = ;code = 32 char = i;code = 105 char = n;code = 110 char = ;code = 32 char = i;code = 105 char = d;code = 100 char = e;code = 101 char = n;code = 110 char = t;code = 116 char = i;code = 105 char = f;code = 102 char = y;code = 121 char = i;code = 105 char = n;code = 110 char = g;code = 103 char = ;code = 32 char = ";code = 34 char = m;code = 109 char = a;code = 97 char = n;code = 110 char = i;code = 105 char = p;code = 112 char = u;code = 117 char = l;code = 108 char = a;code = 97 char = t;code = 116 char = e;code = 101 char = d;code = 100 char = ";code = 34 char = ;code = 32 char = p;code = 112 char = o;code = 111 char = o;code = 111 char = r;code = 114 char = -;code = 45 char = q;code = 113 char = u;code = 117 char = a;code = 97 char = l;code = 108 char = i;code = 105 char = t;code = 116 char = y;code = 121 char = ;code = 32 char = m;code = 109 char = i;code = 105 char = l;code = 108 char = k;code = 107 char = .;code = 46 char = ;code = 32 char = I;code = 73 char = n;code = 110 char = ;code = 32 char = t;code = 116 char = h;code = 104 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = p;code = 112 char = r;code = 114 char = e;code = 101 char = s;code = 115 char = e;code = 101 char = n;code = 110 char = t;code = 116 char = ;code = 32 char = s;code = 115 char = t;code = 116 char = u;code = 117 char = d;code = 100 char = y;code = 121 char = ,;code = 44 char = ;code = 32 char = w;code = 119 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = d;code = 100 char = e;code = 101 char = m;code = 109 char = o;code = 111 char = n;code = 110 char = s;code = 115 char = t;code = 116 char = r;code = 114 char = a;code = 97 char = t;code = 116 char = e;code = 101 char = d;code = 100 char = ;code = 32 char = f;code = 102 char = o;code = 111 char = r;code = 114 char = ;code = 32 char = t;code = 116 char = h;code = 104 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = f;code = 102 char = i;code = 105 char = r;code = 114 char = s;code = 115 char = t;code = 116 char = ;code = 32 char = t;code = 116 char = i;code = 105 char = m;code = 109 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = t;code = 116 char = h;code = 104 char = a;code = 97 char = t;code = 116 char = ;code = 32 char = c;code = 99 char = o;code = 111 char = w;code = 119 char = ;code = 32 char = m;code = 109 char = i;code = 105 char = l;code = 108 char = k;code = 107 char = ;code = 32 char = c;code = 99 char = o;code = 111 char = n;code = 110 char = t;code = 116 char = a;code = 97 char = i;code = 105 char = n;code = 110 char = s;code = 115 char = ;code = 32 char = l;code = 108 char = a;code = 97 char = r;code = 114 char = g;code = 103 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = a;code = 97 char = m;code = 109 char = o;code = 111 char = u;code = 117 char = n;code = 110 char = t;code = 116 char = s;code = 115 char = ;code = 32 char = o;code = 111 char = f;code = 102 char = ;code = 32 char = m;code = 109 char = i;code = 105 char = c;code = 99 char = r;code = 114 char = o;code = 111 char = R;code = 82 char = N;code = 78 char = A;code = 65 char = s;code = 115 char = ;code = 32 char = (;code = 40 char = m;code = 109 char = i;code = 105 char = R;code = 82 char = N;code = 78 char = A;code = 65 char = s;code = 115 char = );code = 41 char = ;code = 32 char = a;code = 97 char = n;code = 110 char = d;code = 100 char = ;code = 32 char = t;code = 116 char = h;code = 104 char = a;code = 97 char = t;code = 116 char = ;code = 32 char = t;code = 116 char = h;code = 104 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = u;code = 117 char = n;code = 110 char = i;code = 105 char = q;code = 113 char = u;code = 117 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = e;code = 101 char = x;code = 120 char = p;code = 112 char = r;code = 114 char = e;code = 101 char = s;code = 115 char = s;code = 115 char = i;code = 105 char = o;code = 111 char = n;code = 110 char = ;code = 32 char = p;code = 112 char = r;code = 114 char = o;code = 111 char = f;code = 102 char = i;code = 105 char = l;code = 108 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = o;code = 111 char = f;code = 102 char = ;code = 32 char = m;code = 109 char = i;code = 105 char = l;code = 108 char = k;code = 107 char = -;code = 45 char = s;code = 115 char = p;code = 112 char = e;code = 101 char = c;code = 99 char = i;code = 105 char = f;code = 102 char = i;code = 105 char = c;code = 99 char = ;code = 32 char = m;code = 109 char = i;code = 105 char = R;code = 82 char = N;code = 78 char = A;code = 65 char = s;code = 115 char = ;code = 32 char = c;code = 99 char = a;code = 97 char = n;code = 110 char = ;code = 32 char = s;code = 115 char = e;code = 101 char = r;code = 114 char = v;code = 118 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = a;code = 97 char = s;code = 115 char = ;code = 32 char = a;code = 97 char = ;code = 32 char = n;code = 110 char = o;code = 111 char = v;code = 118 char = e;code = 101 char = l;code = 108 char = ;code = 32 char = i;code = 105 char = n;code = 110 char = d;code = 100 char = i;code = 105 char = c;code = 99 char = a;code = 97 char = t;code = 116 char = o;code = 111 char = r;code = 114 char = ;code = 32 char = a;code = 97 char = n;code = 110 char = d;code = 100 char = ;code = 32 char = p;code = 112 char = o;code = 111 char = s;code = 115 char = s;code = 115 char = i;code = 105 char = b;code = 98 char = l;code = 108 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = n;code = 110 char = e;code = 101 char = w;code = 119 char = ;code = 32 char = s;code = 115 char = t;code = 116 char = a;code = 97 char = n;code = 110 char = d;code = 100 char = a;code = 97 char = r;code = 114 char = d;code = 100 char = ;code = 32 char = f;code = 102 char = o;code = 111 char = r;code = 114 char = ;code = 32 char = t;code = 116 char = h;code = 104 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = q;code = 113 char = u;code = 117 char = a;code = 97 char = l;code = 108 char = i;code = 105 char = t;code = 116 char = y;code = 121 char = ;code = 32 char = c;code = 99 char = o;code = 111 char = n;code = 110 char = t;code = 116 char = r;code = 114 char = o;code = 111 char = l;code = 108 char = ;code = 32 char = o;code = 111 char = f;code = 102 char = ;code = 32 char = r;code = 114 char = a;code = 97 char = w;code = 119 char = ;code = 32 char = m;code = 109 char = i;code = 105 char = l;code = 108 char = k;code = 107 char = ;code = 32 char = a;code = 97 char = n;code = 110 char = d;code = 100 char = ;code = 32 char = m;code = 109 char = i;code = 105 char = l;code = 108 char = k;code = 107 char = -;code = 45 char = r;code = 114 char = e;code = 101 char = l;code = 108 char = a;code = 97 char = t;code = 116 char = e;code = 101 char = d;code = 100 char = ;code = 32 char = c;code = 99 char = o;code = 111 char = m;code = 109 char = m;code = 109 char = e;code = 101 char = r;code = 114 char = c;code = 99 char = i;code = 105 char = a;code = 97 char = l;code = 108 char = ;code = 32 char = p;code = 112 char = r;code = 114 char = o;code = 111 char = d;code = 100 char = u;code = 117 char = c;code = 99 char = t;code = 116 char = s;code = 115 char = ,;code = 44 char = ;code = 32 char = s;code = 115 char = u;code = 117 char = c;code = 99 char = h;code = 104 char = ;code = 32 char = a;code = 97 char = s;code = 115 char = ;code = 32 char = f;code = 102 char = l;code = 108 char = u;code = 117 char = i;code = 105 char = d;code = 100 char = ;code = 32 char = m;code = 109 char = i;code = 105 char = l;code = 108 char = k;code = 107 char = ;code = 32 char = a;code = 97 char = n;code = 110 char = d;code = 100 char = ;code = 32 char = p;code = 112 char = o;code = 111 char = w;code = 119 char = d;code = 100 char = e;code = 101 char = r;code = 114 char = e;code = 101 char = d;code = 100 char = ;code = 32 char = f;code = 102 char = o;code = 111 char = r;code = 114 char = m;code = 109 char = u;code = 117 char = l;code = 108 char = a;code = 97 char = ;code = 32 char = m;code = 109 char = i;code = 105 char = l;code = 108 char = k;code = 107 char = .;code = 46 char = ;code = 32 char = F;code = 70 char = i;code = 105 char = r;code = 114 char = s;code = 115 char = t;code = 116 char = ,;code = 44 char = ;code = 32 char = u;code = 117 char = s;code = 115 char = i;code = 105 char = n;code = 110 char = g;code = 103 char = ;code = 32 char = S;code = 83 char = o;code = 111 char = l;code = 108 char = e;code = 101 char = x;code = 120 char = a;code = 97 char = ;code = 32 char = s;code = 115 char = e;code = 101 char = q;code = 113 char = u;code = 117 char = e;code = 101 char = n;code = 110 char = c;code = 99 char = i;code = 105 char = n;code = 110 char = g;code = 103 char = ,;code = 44 char = ;code = 32 char = w;code = 119 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = s;code = 115 char = y;code = 121 char = s;code = 115 char = t;code = 116 char = e;code = 101 char = m;code = 109 char = a;code = 97 char = t;code = 116 char = i;code = 105 char = c;code = 99 char = a;code = 97 char = l;code = 108 char = l;code = 108 char = y;code = 121 char = ;code = 32 char = s;code = 115 char = c;code = 99 char = r;code = 114 char = e;code = 101 char = e;code = 101 char = n;code = 110 char = e;code = 101 char = d;code = 100 char = ;code = 32 char = m;code = 109 char = i;code = 105 char = R;code = 82 char = N;code = 78 char = A;code = 65 char = ;code = 32 char = e;code = 101 char = x;code = 120 char = p;code = 112 char = r;code = 114 char = e;code = 101 char = s;code = 115 char = s;code = 115 char = i;code = 105 char = o;code = 111 char = n;code = 110 char = ;code = 32 char = i;code = 105 char = n;code = 110 char = ;code = 32 char = r;code = 114 char = a;code = 97 char = w;code = 119 char = ;code = 32 char = m;code = 109 char = i;code = 105 char = l;code = 108 char = k;code = 107 char = ;code = 32 char = a;code = 97 char = n;code = 110 char = d;code = 100 char = ;code = 32 char = i;code = 105 char = d;code = 100 char = e;code = 101 char = n;code = 110 char = t;code = 116 char = i;code = 105 char = f;code = 102 char = i;code = 105 char = e;code = 101 char = d;code = 100 char = ;code = 32 char = a;code = 97 char = ;code = 32 char = t;code = 116 char = o;code = 111 char = t;code = 116 char = a;code = 97 char = l;code = 108 char = ;code = 32 char = o;code = 111 char = f;code = 102 char = ;code = 32 char = 2;code = 50 char = 4;code = 52 char = 5;code = 53 char = ;code = 32 char = m;code = 109 char = i;code = 105 char = R;code = 82 char = N;code = 78 char = A;code = 65 char = s;code = 115 char = ;code = 32 char = i;code = 105 char = n;code = 110 char = ;code = 32 char = r;code = 114 char = a;code = 97 char = w;code = 119 char = ;code = 32 char = m;code = 109 char = i;code = 105 char = l;code = 108 char = k;code = 107 char = .;code = 46 char = ;code = 32 char = U;code = 85 char = n;code = 110 char = l;code = 108 char = i;code = 105 char = k;code = 107 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = o;code = 111 char = t;code = 116 char = h;code = 104 char = e;code = 101 char = r;code = 114 char = ;code = 32 char = c;code = 99 char = l;code = 108 char = a;code = 97 char = s;code = 115 char = s;code = 115 char = i;code = 105 char = c;code = 99 char = ;code = 32 char = b;code = 98 char = i;code = 105 char = o;code = 111 char = m;code = 109 char = a;code = 97 char = r;code = 114 char = k;code = 107 char = e;code = 101 char = r;code = 114 char = s;code = 115 char = ;code = 32 char = w;code = 119 char = h;code = 104 char = o;code = 111 char = s;code = 115 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = e;code = 101 char = x;code = 120 char = p;code = 112 char = r;code = 114 char = e;code = 101 char = s;code = 115 char = s;code = 115 char = i;code = 105 char = o;code = 111 char = n;code = 110 char = ;code = 32 char = l;code = 108 char = e;code = 101 char = v;code = 118 char = e;code = 101 char = l;code = 108 char = s;code = 115 char = ;code = 32 char = a;code = 97 char = r;code = 114 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = n;code = 110 char = e;code = 101 char = a;code = 97 char = r;code = 114 char = l;code = 108 char = y;code = 121 char = ;code = 32 char = i;code = 105 char = d;code = 100 char = e;code = 101 char = n;code = 110 char = t;code = 116 char = i;code = 105 char = c;code = 99 char = a;code = 97 char = l;code = 108 char = ;code = 32 char = a;code = 97 char = t;code = 116 char = ;code = 32 char = d;code = 100 char = i;code = 105 char = f;code = 102 char = f;code = 102 char = e;code = 101 char = r;code = 114 char = e;code = 101 char = n;code = 110 char = t;code = 116 char = ;code = 32 char = p;code = 112 char = e;code = 101 char = r;code = 114 char = i;code = 105 char = o;code = 111 char = d;code = 100 char = s;code = 115 char = ;code = 32 char = o;code = 111 char = f;code = 102 char = ;code = 32 char = l;code = 108 char = a;code = 97 char = c;code = 99 char = t;code = 116 char = a;code = 97 char = t;code = 116 char = i;code = 105 char = o;code = 111 char = n;code = 110 char = ,;code = 44 char = ;code = 32 char = i;code = 105 char = n;code = 110 char = d;code = 100 char = i;code = 105 char = v;code = 118 char = i;code = 105 char = d;code = 100 char = u;code = 117 char = a;code = 97 char = l;code = 108 char = ;code = 32 char = m;code = 109 char = i;code = 105 char = R;code = 82 char = N;code = 78 char = A;code = 65 char = s;code = 115 char = ;code = 32 char = c;code = 99 char = a;code = 97 char = n;code = 110 char = ;code = 32 char = b;code = 98 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = s;code = 115 char = i;code = 105 char = g;code = 103 char = n;code = 110 char = i;code = 105 char = f;code = 102 char = i;code = 105 char = c;code = 99 char = a;code = 97 char = n;code = 110 char = t;code = 116 char = l;code = 108 char = y;code = 121 char = ;code = 32 char = a;code = 97 char = l;code = 108 char = t;code = 116 char = e;code = 101 char = r;code = 114 char = e;code = 101 char = d;code = 100 char = ;code = 32 char = d;code = 100 char = u;code = 117 char = r;code = 114 char = i;code = 105 char = n;code = 110 char = g;code = 103 char = ;code = 32 char = l;code = 108 char = a;code = 97 char = c;code = 99 char = t;code = 116 char = a;code = 97 char = t;code = 116 char = i;code = 105 char = o;code = 111 char = n;code = 110 char = ;code = 32 char = p;code = 112 char = r;code = 114 char = o;code = 111 char = c;code = 99 char = e;code = 101 char = s;code = 115 char = s;code = 115 char = ,;code = 44 char = ;code = 32 char = i;code = 105 char = m;code = 109 char = p;code = 112 char = l;code = 108 char = i;code = 105 char = c;code = 99 char = a;code = 97 char = t;code = 116 char = i;code = 105 char = n;code = 110 char = g;code = 103 char = ;code = 32 char = t;code = 116 char = h;code = 104 char = a;code = 97 char = t;code = 116 char = ;code = 32 char = m;code = 109 char = i;code = 105 char = R;code = 82 char = N;code = 78 char = A;code = 65 char = s;code = 115 char = ;code = 32 char = m;code = 109 char = a;code = 97 char = y;code = 121 char = ;code = 32 char = b;code = 98 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = a;code = 97 char = ;code = 32 char = m;code = 109 char = o;code = 111 char = r;code = 114 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = a;code = 97 char = c;code = 99 char = c;code = 99 char = u;code = 117 char = r;code = 114 char = a;code = 97 char = t;code = 116 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = i;code = 105 char = n;code = 110 char = d;code = 100 char = i;code = 105 char = c;code = 99 char = a;code = 97 char = t;code = 116 char = o;code = 111 char = r;code = 114 char = ;code = 32 char = t;code = 116 char = o;code = 111 char = ;code = 32 char = r;code = 114 char = e;code = 101 char = f;code = 102 char = l;code = 108 char = e;code = 101 char = c;code = 99 char = t;code = 116 char = ;code = 32 char = t;code = 116 char = h;code = 104 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = q;code = 113 char = u;code = 117 char = a;code = 97 char = l;code = 108 char = i;code = 105 char = t;code = 116 char = y;code = 121 char = ;code = 32 char = a;code = 97 char = l;code = 108 char = t;code = 116 char = e;code = 101 char = r;code = 114 char = a;code = 97 char = t;code = 116 char = i;code = 105 char = o;code = 111 char = n;code = 110 char = ;code = 32 char = o;code = 111 char = f;code = 102 char = ;code = 32 char = m;code = 109 char = i;code = 105 char = l;code = 108 char = k;code = 107 char = .;code = 46 char = ;code = 32 char = S;code = 83 char = e;code = 101 char = c;code = 99 char = o;code = 111 char = n;code = 110 char = d;code = 100 char = ,;code = 44 char = ;code = 32 char = u;code = 117 char = s;code = 115 char = i;code = 105 char = n;code = 110 char = g;code = 103 char = ;code = 32 char = T;code = 84 char = a;code = 97 char = q;code = 113 char = M;code = 77 char = a;code = 97 char = n;code = 110 char = ;code = 32 char = p;code = 112 char = r;code = 114 char = o;code = 111 char = b;code = 98 char = e;code = 101 char = -;code = 45 char = b;code = 98 char = a;code = 97 char = s;code = 115 char = e;code = 101 char = d;code = 100 char = ;code = 32 char = m;code = 109 char = i;code = 105 char = R;code = 82 char = N;code = 78 char = A;code = 65 char = ;code = 32 char = q;code = 113 char = u;code = 117 char = a;code = 97 char = n;code = 110 char = t;code = 116 char = i;code = 105 char = t;code = 116 char = a;code = 97 char = t;code = 116 char = i;code = 105 char = v;code = 118 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = R;code = 82 char = T;code = 84 char = -;code = 45 char = P;code = 80 char = C;code = 67 char = R;code = 82 char = ,;code = 44 char = ;code = 32 char = w;code = 119 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = f;code = 102 char = u;code = 117 char = r;code = 114 char = t;code = 116 char = h;code = 104 char = e;code = 101 char = r;code = 114 char = ;code = 32 char = i;code = 105 char = d;code = 100 char = e;code = 101 char = n;code = 110 char = t;code = 116 char = i;code = 105 char = f;code = 102 char = i;code = 105 char = e;code = 101 char = d;code = 100 char = ;code = 32 char = s;code = 115 char = e;code = 101 char = v;code = 118 char = e;code = 101 char = n;code = 110 char = ;code = 32 char = m;code = 109 char = i;code = 105 char = R;code = 82 char = N;code = 78 char = A;code = 65 char = s;code = 115 char = ;code = 32 char = t;code = 116 char = h;code = 104 char = a;code = 97 char = t;code = 116 char = ;code = 32 char = h;code = 104 char = a;code = 97 char = v;code = 118 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = a;code = 97 char = ;code = 32 char = r;code = 114 char = e;code = 101 char = l;code = 108 char = a;code = 97 char = t;code = 116 char = i;code = 105 char = v;code = 118 char = e;code = 101 char = l;code = 108 char = y;code = 121 char = ;code = 32 char = c;code = 99 char = o;code = 111 char = n;code = 110 char = s;code = 115 char = i;code = 105 char = s;code = 115 char = t;code = 116 char = e;code = 101 char = n;code = 110 char = t;code = 116 char = ;code = 32 char = e;code = 101 char = x;code = 120 char = p;code = 112 char = r;code = 114 char = e;code = 101 char = s;code = 115 char = s;code = 115 char = i;code = 105 char = o;code = 111 char = n;code = 110 char = ;code = 32 char = t;code = 116 char = h;code = 104 char = r;code = 114 char = o;code = 111 char = u;code = 117 char = g;code = 103 char = h;code = 104 char = o;code = 111 char = u;code = 117 char = t;code = 116 char = ;code = 32 char = t;code = 116 char = h;code = 104 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = l;code = 108 char = a;code = 97 char = c;code = 99 char = t;code = 116 char = a;code = 97 char = t;code = 116 char = i;code = 105 char = o;code = 111 char = n;code = 110 char = ;code = 32 char = p;code = 112 char = r;code = 114 char = o;code = 111 char = c;code = 99 char = e;code = 101 char = s;code = 115 char = s;code = 115 char = ,;code = 44 char = ;code = 32 char = a;code = 97 char = n;code = 110 char = d;code = 100 char = ;code = 32 char = m;code = 109 char = o;code = 111 char = r;code = 114 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = i;code = 105 char = m;code = 109 char = p;code = 112 char = o;code = 111 char = r;code = 114 char = t;code = 116 char = a;code = 97 char = n;code = 110 char = t;code = 116 char = l;code = 108 char = y;code = 121 char = ,;code = 44 char = ;code = 32 char = t;code = 116 char = h;code = 104 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = e;code = 101 char = x;code = 120 char = p;code = 112 char = r;code = 114 char = e;code = 101 char = s;code = 115 char = s;code = 115 char = i;code = 105 char = o;code = 111 char = n;code = 110 char = ;code = 32 char = p;code = 112 char = r;code = 114 char = o;code = 111 char = f;code = 102 char = i;code = 105 char = l;code = 108 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = o;code = 111 char = f;code = 102 char = ;code = 32 char = t;code = 116 char = h;code = 104 char = e;code = 101 char = s;code = 115 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = s;code = 115 char = e;code = 101 char = v;code = 118 char = e;code = 101 char = n;code = 110 char = ;code = 32 char = m;code = 109 char = i;code = 105 char = l;code = 108 char = k;code = 107 char = -;code = 45 char = s;code = 115 char = p;code = 112 char = e;code = 101 char = c;code = 99 char = i;code = 105 char = f;code = 102 char = i;code = 105 char = c;code = 99 char = ;code = 32 char = m;code = 109 char = i;code = 105 char = R;code = 82 char = N;code = 78 char = A;code = 65 char = s;code = 115 char = ;code = 32 char = c;code = 99 char = a;code = 97 char = n;code = 110 char = ;code = 32 char = s;code = 115 char = e;code = 101 char = r;code = 114 char = v;code = 118 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = a;code = 97 char = s;code = 115 char = ;code = 32 char = a;code = 97 char = n;code = 110 char = ;code = 32 char = i;code = 105 char = d;code = 100 char = e;code = 101 char = a;code = 97 char = l;code = 108 char = ;code = 32 char = b;code = 98 char = i;code = 105 char = o;code = 111 char = m;code = 109 char = a;code = 97 char = r;code = 114 char = k;code = 107 char = e;code = 101 char = r;code = 114 char = ;code = 32 char = f;code = 102 char = o;code = 111 char = r;code = 114 char = ;code = 32 char = d;code = 100 char = i;code = 105 char = s;code = 115 char = c;code = 99 char = r;code = 114 char = i;code = 105 char = m;code = 109 char = i;code = 105 char = n;code = 110 char = a;code = 97 char = t;code = 116 char = i;code = 105 char = n;code = 110 char = g;code = 103 char = ;code = 32 char = p;code = 112 char = o;code = 111 char = o;code = 111 char = r;code = 114 char = -;code = 45 char = q;code = 113 char = u;code = 117 char = a;code = 97 char = l;code = 108 char = i;code = 105 char = t;code = 116 char = y;code = 121 char = ;code = 32 char = o;code = 111 char = r;code = 114 char = ;code = 32 char = ";code = 34 char = m;code = 109 char = a;code = 97 char = n;code = 110 char = i;code = 105 char = p;code = 112 char = u;code = 117 char = l;code = 108 char = a;code = 97 char = t;code = 116 char = e;code = 101 char = d;code = 100 char = ";code = 34 char = ;code = 32 char = m;code = 109 char = i;code = 105 char = l;code = 108 char = k;code = 107 char = ;code = 32 char = f;code = 102 char = r;code = 114 char = o;code = 111 char = m;code = 109 char = ;code = 32 char = p;code = 112 char = u;code = 117 char = r;code = 114 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = r;code = 114 char = a;code = 97 char = w;code = 119 char = ;code = 32 char = m;code = 109 char = i;code = 105 char = l;code = 108 char = k;code = 107 char = ,;code = 44 char = ;code = 32 char = a;code = 97 char = s;code = 115 char = ;code = 32 char = w;code = 119 char = e;code = 101 char = l;code = 108 char = l;code = 108 char = ;code = 32 char = a;code = 97 char = s;code = 115 char = ;code = 32 char = f;code = 102 char = o;code = 111 char = r;code = 114 char = ;code = 32 char = t;code = 116 char = h;code = 104 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = q;code = 113 char = u;code = 117 char = a;code = 97 char = l;code = 108 char = i;code = 105 char = t;code = 116 char = y;code = 121 char = ;code = 32 char = c;code = 99 char = o;code = 111 char = n;code = 110 char = t;code = 116 char = r;code = 114 char = o;code = 111 char = l;code = 108 char = ;code = 32 char = o;code = 111 char = f;code = 102 char = ;code = 32 char = c;code = 99 char = o;code = 111 char = m;code = 109 char = m;code = 109 char = e;code = 101 char = r;code = 114 char = c;code = 99 char = i;code = 105 char = a;code = 97 char = l;code = 108 char = ;code = 32 char = m;code = 109 char = i;code = 105 char = l;code = 108 char = k;code = 107 char = ;code = 32 char = p;code = 112 char = r;code = 114 char = o;code = 111 char = d;code = 100 char = u;code = 117 char = c;code = 99 char = t;code = 116 char = s;code = 115 char = ,;code = 44 char = ;code = 32 char = s;code = 115 char = u;code = 117 char = c;code = 99 char = h;code = 104 char = ;code = 32 char = a;code = 97 char = s;code = 115 char = ;code = 32 char = f;code = 102 char = l;code = 108 char = u;code = 117 char = i;code = 105 char = d;code = 100 char = ;code = 32 char = m;code = 109 char = i;code = 105 char = l;code = 108 char = k;code = 107 char = ;code = 32 char = a;code = 97 char = n;code = 110 char = d;code = 100 char = ;code = 32 char = p;code = 112 char = o;code = 111 char = w;code = 119 char = d;code = 100 char = e;code = 101 char = r;code = 114 char = e;code = 101 char = d;code = 100 char = ;code = 32 char = f;code = 102 char = o;code = 111 char = r;code = 114 char = m;code = 109 char = u;code = 117 char = l;code = 108 char = a;code = 97 char = ;code = 32 char = m;code = 109 char = i;code = 105 char = l;code = 108 char = k;code = 107 char = .;code = 46 char = ;code = 32 char = T;code = 84 char = o;code = 111 char = g;code = 103 char = e;code = 101 char = t;code = 116 char = h;code = 104 char = e;code = 101 char = r;code = 114 char = ,;code = 44 char = ;code = 32 char = o;code = 111 char = u;code = 117 char = r;code = 114 char = ;code = 32 char = f;code = 102 char = i;code = 105 char = n;code = 110 char = d;code = 100 char = i;code = 105 char = n;code = 110 char = g;code = 103 char = s;code = 115 char = ;code = 32 char = p;code = 112 char = r;code = 114 char = o;code = 111 char = v;code = 118 char = i;code = 105 char = d;code = 100 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = a;code = 97 char = ;code = 32 char = b;code = 98 char = a;code = 97 char = s;code = 115 char = i;code = 105 char = s;code = 115 char = ;code = 32 char = f;code = 102 char = o;code = 111 char = r;code = 114 char = ;code = 32 char = u;code = 117 char = n;code = 110 char = d;code = 100 char = e;code = 101 char = r;code = 114 char = s;code = 115 char = t;code = 116 char = a;code = 97 char = n;code = 110 char = d;code = 100 char = i;code = 105 char = n;code = 110 char = g;code = 103 char = ;code = 32 char = t;code = 116 char = h;code = 104 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = p;code = 112 char = h;code = 104 char = y;code = 121 char = s;code = 115 char = i;code = 105 char = o;code = 111 char = l;code = 108 char = o;code = 111 char = g;code = 103 char = i;code = 105 char = c;code = 99 char = a;code = 97 char = l;code = 108 char = ;code = 32 char = r;code = 114 char = o;code = 111 char = l;code = 108 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = o;code = 111 char = f;code = 102 char = ;code = 32 char = m;code = 109 char = i;code = 105 char = l;code = 108 char = k;code = 107 char = ;code = 32 char = m;code = 109 char = i;code = 105 char = R;code = 82 char = N;code = 78 char = A;code = 65 char = s;code = 115 char = ;code = 32 char = a;code = 97 char = n;code = 110 char = d;code = 100 char = ;code = 32 char = a;code = 97 char = ;code = 32 char = n;code = 110 char = e;code = 101 char = w;code = 119 char = ;code = 32 char = p;code = 112 char = o;code = 111 char = t;code = 116 char = e;code = 101 char = n;code = 110 char = t;code = 116 char = i;code = 105 char = a;code = 97 char = l;code = 108 char = ;code = 32 char = s;code = 115 char = t;code = 116 char = a;code = 97 char = n;code = 110 char = d;code = 100 char = a;code = 97 char = r;code = 114 char = d;code = 100 char = ;code = 32 char = f;code = 102 char = o;code = 111 char = r;code = 114 char = ;code = 32 char = d;code = 100 char = e;code = 101 char = t;code = 116 char = e;code = 101 char = r;code = 114 char = m;code = 109 char = i;code = 105 char = n;code = 110 char = i;code = 105 char = n;code = 110 char = g;code = 103 char = ;code = 32 char = t;code = 116 char = h;code = 104 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = q;code = 113 char = u;code = 117 char = a;code = 97 char = l;code = 108 char = i;code = 105 char = t;code = 116 char = y;code = 121 char = ;code = 32 char = o;code = 111 char = f;code = 102 char = ;code = 32 char = r;code = 114 char = a;code = 97 char = w;code = 119 char = ;code = 32 char = m;code = 109 char = i;code = 105 char = l;code = 108 char = k;code = 107 char = ;code = 32 char = o;code = 111 char = r;code = 114 char = ;code = 32 char = m;code = 109 char = i;code = 105 char = l;code = 108 char = k;code = 107 char = -;code = 45 char = r;code = 114 char = e;code = 101 char = l;code = 108 char = a;code = 97 char = t;code = 116 char = e;code = 101 char = d;code = 100 char = ;code = 32 char = c;code = 99 char = o;code = 111 char = m;code = 109 char = m;code = 109 char = e;code = 101 char = r;code = 114 char = c;code = 99 char = i;code = 105 char = a;code = 97 char = l;code = 108 char = ;code = 32 char = p;code = 112 char = r;code = 114 char = o;code = 111 char = d;code = 100 char = u;code = 117 char = c;code = 99 char = t;code = 116 char = s;code = 115 char = .;code = 46 char = <;code = 60 char = b;code = 98 char = r;code = 114 char = /;code = 47 char = >;code = 62 result sql = Recent baby formula milk powder contamination incidents have shown that the classic markers or standards in milk quality control are insufficient in identifying "manipulated" poor-quality milk. In the present study, we demonstrated for the first time that cow milk contains large amounts of microRNAs (miRNAs) and that the unique expression profile of milk-specific miRNAs can serve as a novel indicator and possible new standard for the quality control of raw milk and milk-related commercial products, such as fluid milk and powdered formula milk. First, using Solexa sequencing, we systematically screened miRNA expression in raw milk and identified a total of 245 miRNAs in raw milk. Unlike other classic biomarkers whose expression levels are nearly identical at different periods of lactation, individual miRNAs can be significantly altered during lactation process, implicating that miRNAs may be a more accurate indicator to reflect the quality alteration of milk. Second, using TaqMan probe-based miRNA quantitative RT-PCR, we further identified seven miRNAs that have a relatively consistent expression throughout the lactation process, and more importantly, the expression profile of these seven milk-specific miRNAs can serve as an ideal biomarker for discriminating poor-quality or "manipulated" milk from pure raw milk, as well as for the quality control of commercial milk products, such as fluid milk and powdered formula milk. Together, our findings provide a basis for understanding the physiological role of milk miRNAs and a new potential standard for determining the quality of raw milk or milk-related commercial products.
Publication: Cell Res. 2010 Oct ;20(10)::1128-37. :doi: 10.1038/cr.2010.80.
Publication Date: 2010 Oct
Study Author(s): Chen, Xi;Gao, Chao;Li, Haijin;Huang, Lei;Sun, Qi;Dong, Yanye;Tian, Chunliang;Gao, Shengpu;Dong, Hailin;Guan, Danping;Hu, Xiaoyun;Zhao, Shujian;Li, Liang;Zhu, Lin;Yan, Qiao;Zhang, Junfeng;Zen, Ke;Zhang, Chen-Yu;
Institution: Jiangsu Diabetes Center, State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, 22 Hankou Road, Nanjing 210093, China.
Shortcut link to this study:
Recent baby formula milk powder contamination incidents have shown that the classic markers or standards in milk quality control are insufficient in identifying "manipulated" poor-quality milk. In the present study, we demonstrated for the first time that cow milk contains large amounts of microRNAs (miRNAs) and that the unique expression profile of milk-specific miRNAs can serve as a novel indicator and possible new standard for the quality control of raw milk and milk-related commercial products, such as fluid milk and powdered formula milk. First, using Solexa sequencing, we systematically screened miRNA expression in raw milk and identified a total of 245 miRNAs in raw milk. Unlike other classic biomarkers whose expression levels are nearly identical at different periods of lactation, individual miRNAs can be significantly altered during lactation process, implicating that miRNAs may be a more accurate indicator to reflect the quality alteration of milk. Second, using TaqMan probe-based miRNA quantitative RT-PCR, we further identified seven miRNAs that have a relatively consistent expression throughout the lactation process, and more importantly, the expression profile of these seven milk-specific miRNAs can serve as an ideal biomarker for discriminating poor-quality or "manipulated" milk from pure raw milk, as well as for the quality control of commercial milk products, such as fluid milk and powdered formula milk. Together, our findings provide a basis for understanding the physiological role of milk miRNAs and a new potential standard for determining the quality of raw milk or milk-related commercial products.
PMID: 20548333