|
|
char = C;code = 67
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char = t;code = 116
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char = a;code = 97
char = l;code = 108
char = ;code = 32
char = p;code = 112
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char = o;code = 111
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char = c;code = 99
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char = e;code = 101
char = t;code = 116
char = a;code = 97
char = b;code = 98
char = l;code = 108
char = e;code = 101
char = .;code = 46
result sql = Cancer chemoprevention of intestinal polyposis in ApcMin/+ mice by sulforaphane, a natural product derived from cruciferous vegetable.
Cancer chemoprevention of intestinal polyposis in ApcMin/+ mice by sulforaphane, a natural product derived from cruciferous vegetable.char = S;code = 83
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char = (;code = 40
char = S;code = 83
char = F;code = 70
char = N;code = 78
char = );code = 41
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char = ;code = 32
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char = l;code = 108
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char = g;code = 103
char = h;code = 104
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char = e;code = 101
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char = t;code = 116
char = ;code = 32
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
char = b;code = 98
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char = c;code = 99
char = c;code = 99
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char = i;code = 105
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
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char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = c;code = 99
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char = f;code = 102
char = l;code = 108
char = o;code = 111
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char = .;code = 46
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char = o;code = 111
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char = b;code = 98
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
char = e;code = 101
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char = f;code = 102
char = e;code = 101
char = c;code = 99
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char = e;code = 101
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char = a;code = 97
char = c;code = 99
char = y;code = 121
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char = ;code = 32
char = S;code = 83
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char = N;code = 78
char = ;code = 32
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = e;code = 101
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char = A;code = 65
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char = c;code = 99
char = M;code = 77
char = i;code = 105
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char = /;code = 47
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char = m;code = 109
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char = s;code = 115
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char = .;code = 46
char = ;code = 32
char = A;code = 65
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char = /;code = 47
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char = e;code = 101
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char = f;code = 102
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char = d;code = 100
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char = .;code = 46
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char = l;code = 108
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
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char = p;code = 112
char = a;code = 97
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = w;code = 119
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char = b;code = 98
char = e;code = 101
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char = a;code = 97
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char = c;code = 99
char = a;code = 97
char = t;code = 116
char = e;code = 101
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char = a;code = 97
char = n;code = 110
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
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char = c;code = 99
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char = S;code = 83
char = F;code = 70
char = N;code = 78
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char = ;code = 32
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char = e;code = 101
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char = m;code = 109
char = e;code = 101
char = n;code = 110
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char = ;code = 32
char = o;code = 111
char = f;code = 102
char = ;code = 32
char = S;code = 83
char = F;code = 70
char = N;code = 78
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
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char = d;code = 100
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char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
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char = g;code = 103
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char = t;code = 116
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char = /;code = 47
char = >;code = 62
result sql = Sulforaphane (SFN) is an isothiocyanate that is present abundantly in widely consumed cruciferous vegetables and has a particularly high content in broccoli and cauliflower. It has been shown to be an effective inhibitor of some carcinogen-induced cancers in rodents. Here, we investigated the chemopreventive efficacy of SFN in the ApcMin/+ mouse model. ApcMin/+ mice were fed with diet supplemented with two different dose levels of SFN (300 and 600 p.p.m.) for 3 weeks. Our results clearly demonstrated that ApcMin/+ mice fed with SFN-supplemented diet developed significantly less and smaller polyps with higher apoptotic and lower proliferative indices in their small intestine, in a SFN dose-dependent manner. In addition, immunohistochemical (IHC) staining of the adenomas indicated that SFN significantly suppressed the expression of phosphorylated c-Jun N-terminal kinase (p-JNK), phosphorylated extracellular signal-regulated kinases (p-ERK) and phosphorylated-Akt (p-Akt), which were found to be highly expressed in the adenomas of ApcMin/+ mice. In contrast, expression of two important biomarkers of the Wnt signaling pathway, beta-catenin and cyclin-D1 was unaffected by SFN treatment. Measurement of SFN and its metabolite SFN-GSH in the small intestine using LC-MS indicates that the concentrations between 3 and 30 nmol/g are required to prevent, or retard adenoma formation in the gastrointestinal tract of ApcMin/+ mice.
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char = e;code = 101
char = m;code = 109
char = o;code = 111
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char = v;code = 118
char = e;code = 101
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char = e;code = 101
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char = a;code = 97
char = l;code = 108
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char = l;code = 108
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char = c;code = 99
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char = e;code = 101
char = d;code = 100
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char = o;code = 111
char = m;code = 109
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char = c;code = 99
char = i;code = 105
char = f;code = 102
char = e;code = 101
char = r;code = 114
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char = v;code = 118
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char = e;code = 101
char = t;code = 116
char = a;code = 97
char = b;code = 98
char = l;code = 108
char = e;code = 101
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result sql = Cancer chemoprevention of intestinal polyposis in ApcMin/+ mice by sulforaphane, a natural product derived from cruciferous vegetable.
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char = u;code = 117
char = c;code = 99
char = i;code = 105
char = f;code = 102
char = e;code = 101
char = r;code = 114
char = o;code = 111
char = u;code = 117
char = s;code = 115
char = ;code = 32
char = v;code = 118
char = e;code = 101
char = g;code = 103
char = e;code = 101
char = t;code = 116
char = a;code = 97
char = b;code = 98
char = l;code = 108
char = e;code = 101
char = s;code = 115
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = n;code = 110
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = h;code = 104
char = a;code = 97
char = s;code = 115
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = ;code = 32
char = p;code = 112
char = a;code = 97
char = r;code = 114
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = c;code = 99
char = u;code = 117
char = l;code = 108
char = a;code = 97
char = r;code = 114
char = l;code = 108
char = y;code = 121
char = ;code = 32
char = h;code = 104
char = i;code = 105
char = g;code = 103
char = h;code = 104
char = ;code = 32
char = c;code = 99
char = o;code = 111
char = n;code = 110
char = t;code = 116
char = e;code = 101
char = n;code = 110
char = t;code = 116
char = ;code = 32
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
char = b;code = 98
char = r;code = 114
char = o;code = 111
char = c;code = 99
char = c;code = 99
char = o;code = 111
char = l;code = 108
char = i;code = 105
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = n;code = 110
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = c;code = 99
char = a;code = 97
char = u;code = 117
char = l;code = 108
char = i;code = 105
char = f;code = 102
char = l;code = 108
char = o;code = 111
char = w;code = 119
char = e;code = 101
char = r;code = 114
char = .;code = 46
char = ;code = 32
char = I;code = 73
char = t;code = 116
char = ;code = 32
char = h;code = 104
char = a;code = 97
char = s;code = 115
char = ;code = 32
char = b;code = 98
char = e;code = 101
char = e;code = 101
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
char = s;code = 115
char = h;code = 104
char = o;code = 111
char = w;code = 119
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = o;code = 111
char = ;code = 32
char = b;code = 98
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
char = e;code = 101
char = f;code = 102
char = f;code = 102
char = e;code = 101
char = c;code = 99
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = v;code = 118
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = h;code = 104
char = i;code = 105
char = b;code = 98
char = i;code = 105
char = t;code = 116
char = o;code = 111
char = r;code = 114
char = ;code = 32
char = o;code = 111
char = f;code = 102
char = ;code = 32
char = s;code = 115
char = o;code = 111
char = m;code = 109
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = c;code = 99
char = a;code = 97
char = r;code = 114
char = c;code = 99
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = o;code = 111
char = g;code = 103
char = e;code = 101
char = n;code = 110
char = -;code = 45
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = d;code = 100
char = u;code = 117
char = c;code = 99
char = e;code = 101
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = c;code = 99
char = a;code = 97
char = n;code = 110
char = c;code = 99
char = e;code = 101
char = r;code = 114
char = s;code = 115
char = ;code = 32
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
char = r;code = 114
char = o;code = 111
char = d;code = 100
char = e;code = 101
char = n;code = 110
char = t;code = 116
char = s;code = 115
char = .;code = 46
char = ;code = 32
char = H;code = 72
char = e;code = 101
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = ,;code = 44
char = ;code = 32
char = w;code = 119
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = v;code = 118
char = e;code = 101
char = s;code = 115
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = g;code = 103
char = a;code = 97
char = t;code = 116
char = e;code = 101
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = c;code = 99
char = h;code = 104
char = e;code = 101
char = m;code = 109
char = o;code = 111
char = p;code = 112
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = v;code = 118
char = e;code = 101
char = n;code = 110
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = v;code = 118
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = e;code = 101
char = f;code = 102
char = f;code = 102
char = i;code = 105
char = c;code = 99
char = a;code = 97
char = c;code = 99
char = y;code = 121
char = ;code = 32
char = o;code = 111
char = f;code = 102
char = ;code = 32
char = S;code = 83
char = F;code = 70
char = N;code = 78
char = ;code = 32
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = A;code = 65
char = p;code = 112
char = c;code = 99
char = M;code = 77
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = /;code = 47
char = +;code = 43
char = ;code = 32
char = m;code = 109
char = o;code = 111
char = u;code = 117
char = s;code = 115
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = m;code = 109
char = o;code = 111
char = d;code = 100
char = e;code = 101
char = l;code = 108
char = .;code = 46
char = ;code = 32
char = A;code = 65
char = p;code = 112
char = c;code = 99
char = M;code = 77
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = /;code = 47
char = +;code = 43
char = ;code = 32
char = m;code = 109
char = i;code = 105
char = c;code = 99
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = w;code = 119
char = e;code = 101
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = f;code = 102
char = e;code = 101
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = w;code = 119
char = i;code = 105
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = ;code = 32
char = d;code = 100
char = i;code = 105
char = e;code = 101
char = t;code = 116
char = ;code = 32
char = s;code = 115
char = u;code = 117
char = p;code = 112
char = p;code = 112
char = l;code = 108
char = e;code = 101
char = m;code = 109
char = e;code = 101
char = n;code = 110
char = t;code = 116
char = e;code = 101
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = w;code = 119
char = i;code = 105
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = w;code = 119
char = o;code = 111
char = ;code = 32
char = d;code = 100
char = i;code = 105
char = f;code = 102
char = f;code = 102
char = e;code = 101
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = n;code = 110
char = t;code = 116
char = ;code = 32
char = d;code = 100
char = o;code = 111
char = s;code = 115
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = l;code = 108
char = e;code = 101
char = v;code = 118
char = e;code = 101
char = l;code = 108
char = s;code = 115
char = ;code = 32
char = o;code = 111
char = f;code = 102
char = ;code = 32
char = S;code = 83
char = F;code = 70
char = N;code = 78
char = ;code = 32
char = (;code = 40
char = 3;code = 51
char = 0;code = 48
char = 0;code = 48
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = n;code = 110
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = 6;code = 54
char = 0;code = 48
char = 0;code = 48
char = ;code = 32
char = p;code = 112
char = .;code = 46
char = p;code = 112
char = .;code = 46
char = m;code = 109
char = .;code = 46
char = );code = 41
char = ;code = 32
char = f;code = 102
char = o;code = 111
char = r;code = 114
char = ;code = 32
char = 3;code = 51
char = ;code = 32
char = w;code = 119
char = e;code = 101
char = e;code = 101
char = k;code = 107
char = s;code = 115
char = .;code = 46
char = ;code = 32
char = O;code = 79
char = u;code = 117
char = r;code = 114
char = ;code = 32
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = s;code = 115
char = u;code = 117
char = l;code = 108
char = t;code = 116
char = s;code = 115
char = ;code = 32
char = c;code = 99
char = l;code = 108
char = e;code = 101
char = a;code = 97
char = r;code = 114
char = l;code = 108
char = y;code = 121
char = ;code = 32
char = d;code = 100
char = e;code = 101
char = m;code = 109
char = o;code = 111
char = n;code = 110
char = s;code = 115
char = t;code = 116
char = r;code = 114
char = a;code = 97
char = t;code = 116
char = e;code = 101
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = a;code = 97
char = t;code = 116
char = ;code = 32
char = A;code = 65
char = p;code = 112
char = c;code = 99
char = M;code = 77
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = /;code = 47
char = +;code = 43
char = ;code = 32
char = m;code = 109
char = i;code = 105
char = c;code = 99
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = f;code = 102
char = e;code = 101
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = w;code = 119
char = i;code = 105
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = ;code = 32
char = S;code = 83
char = F;code = 70
char = N;code = 78
char = -;code = 45
char = s;code = 115
char = u;code = 117
char = p;code = 112
char = p;code = 112
char = l;code = 108
char = e;code = 101
char = m;code = 109
char = e;code = 101
char = n;code = 110
char = t;code = 116
char = e;code = 101
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = d;code = 100
char = i;code = 105
char = e;code = 101
char = t;code = 116
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char = d;code = 100
char = e;code = 101
char = v;code = 118
char = e;code = 101
char = l;code = 108
char = o;code = 111
char = p;code = 112
char = e;code = 101
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = s;code = 115
char = i;code = 105
char = g;code = 103
char = n;code = 110
char = i;code = 105
char = f;code = 102
char = i;code = 105
char = c;code = 99
char = a;code = 97
char = n;code = 110
char = t;code = 116
char = l;code = 108
char = y;code = 121
char = ;code = 32
char = l;code = 108
char = e;code = 101
char = s;code = 115
char = s;code = 115
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = n;code = 110
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = s;code = 115
char = m;code = 109
char = a;code = 97
char = l;code = 108
char = l;code = 108
char = e;code = 101
char = r;code = 114
char = ;code = 32
char = p;code = 112
char = o;code = 111
char = l;code = 108
char = y;code = 121
char = p;code = 112
char = s;code = 115
char = ;code = 32
char = w;code = 119
char = i;code = 105
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = ;code = 32
char = h;code = 104
char = i;code = 105
char = g;code = 103
char = h;code = 104
char = e;code = 101
char = r;code = 114
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = p;code = 112
char = o;code = 111
char = p;code = 112
char = t;code = 116
char = o;code = 111
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = c;code = 99
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = n;code = 110
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = l;code = 108
char = o;code = 111
char = w;code = 119
char = e;code = 101
char = r;code = 114
char = ;code = 32
char = p;code = 112
char = r;code = 114
char = o;code = 111
char = l;code = 108
char = i;code = 105
char = f;code = 102
char = e;code = 101
char = r;code = 114
char = a;code = 97
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = v;code = 118
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = d;code = 100
char = i;code = 105
char = c;code = 99
char = e;code = 101
char = s;code = 115
char = ;code = 32
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = e;code = 101
char = i;code = 105
char = r;code = 114
char = ;code = 32
char = s;code = 115
char = m;code = 109
char = a;code = 97
char = l;code = 108
char = l;code = 108
char = ;code = 32
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = t;code = 116
char = e;code = 101
char = s;code = 115
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = e;code = 101
char = ,;code = 44
char = ;code = 32
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = ;code = 32
char = S;code = 83
char = F;code = 70
char = N;code = 78
char = ;code = 32
char = d;code = 100
char = o;code = 111
char = s;code = 115
char = e;code = 101
char = -;code = 45
char = d;code = 100
char = e;code = 101
char = p;code = 112
char = e;code = 101
char = n;code = 110
char = d;code = 100
char = e;code = 101
char = n;code = 110
char = t;code = 116
char = ;code = 32
char = m;code = 109
char = a;code = 97
char = n;code = 110
char = n;code = 110
char = e;code = 101
char = r;code = 114
char = .;code = 46
char = ;code = 32
char = I;code = 73
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = d;code = 100
char = d;code = 100
char = i;code = 105
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = o;code = 111
char = n;code = 110
char = ,;code = 44
char = ;code = 32
char = i;code = 105
char = m;code = 109
char = m;code = 109
char = u;code = 117
char = n;code = 110
char = o;code = 111
char = h;code = 104
char = i;code = 105
char = s;code = 115
char = t;code = 116
char = o;code = 111
char = c;code = 99
char = h;code = 104
char = e;code = 101
char = m;code = 109
char = i;code = 105
char = c;code = 99
char = a;code = 97
char = l;code = 108
char = ;code = 32
char = (;code = 40
char = I;code = 73
char = H;code = 72
char = C;code = 67
char = );code = 41
char = ;code = 32
char = s;code = 115
char = t;code = 116
char = a;code = 97
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = g;code = 103
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char = o;code = 111
char = f;code = 102
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
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char = e;code = 101
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char = a;code = 97
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char = e;code = 101
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char = o;code = 111
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char = a;code = 97
char = s;code = 115
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char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = d;code = 100
char = i;code = 105
char = c;code = 99
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char = e;code = 101
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = a;code = 97
char = t;code = 116
char = ;code = 32
char = S;code = 83
char = F;code = 70
char = N;code = 78
char = ;code = 32
char = s;code = 115
char = i;code = 105
char = g;code = 103
char = n;code = 110
char = i;code = 105
char = f;code = 102
char = i;code = 105
char = c;code = 99
char = a;code = 97
char = n;code = 110
char = t;code = 116
char = l;code = 108
char = y;code = 121
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char = s;code = 115
char = u;code = 117
char = p;code = 112
char = p;code = 112
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = s;code = 115
char = s;code = 115
char = e;code = 101
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = e;code = 101
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char = e;code = 101
char = x;code = 120
char = p;code = 112
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = s;code = 115
char = s;code = 115
char = i;code = 105
char = o;code = 111
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
char = o;code = 111
char = f;code = 102
char = ;code = 32
char = p;code = 112
char = h;code = 104
char = o;code = 111
char = s;code = 115
char = p;code = 112
char = h;code = 104
char = o;code = 111
char = r;code = 114
char = y;code = 121
char = l;code = 108
char = a;code = 97
char = t;code = 116
char = e;code = 101
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = c;code = 99
char = -;code = 45
char = J;code = 74
char = u;code = 117
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
char = N;code = 78
char = -;code = 45
char = t;code = 116
char = e;code = 101
char = r;code = 114
char = m;code = 109
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = a;code = 97
char = l;code = 108
char = ;code = 32
char = k;code = 107
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = a;code = 97
char = s;code = 115
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = (;code = 40
char = p;code = 112
char = -;code = 45
char = J;code = 74
char = N;code = 78
char = K;code = 75
char = );code = 41
char = ,;code = 44
char = ;code = 32
char = p;code = 112
char = h;code = 104
char = o;code = 111
char = s;code = 115
char = p;code = 112
char = h;code = 104
char = o;code = 111
char = r;code = 114
char = y;code = 121
char = l;code = 108
char = a;code = 97
char = t;code = 116
char = e;code = 101
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = e;code = 101
char = x;code = 120
char = t;code = 116
char = r;code = 114
char = a;code = 97
char = c;code = 99
char = e;code = 101
char = l;code = 108
char = l;code = 108
char = u;code = 117
char = l;code = 108
char = a;code = 97
char = r;code = 114
char = ;code = 32
char = s;code = 115
char = i;code = 105
char = g;code = 103
char = n;code = 110
char = a;code = 97
char = l;code = 108
char = -;code = 45
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = g;code = 103
char = u;code = 117
char = l;code = 108
char = a;code = 97
char = t;code = 116
char = e;code = 101
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = k;code = 107
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = a;code = 97
char = s;code = 115
char = e;code = 101
char = s;code = 115
char = ;code = 32
char = (;code = 40
char = p;code = 112
char = -;code = 45
char = E;code = 69
char = R;code = 82
char = K;code = 75
char = );code = 41
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = n;code = 110
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = p;code = 112
char = h;code = 104
char = o;code = 111
char = s;code = 115
char = p;code = 112
char = h;code = 104
char = o;code = 111
char = r;code = 114
char = y;code = 121
char = l;code = 108
char = a;code = 97
char = t;code = 116
char = e;code = 101
char = d;code = 100
char = -;code = 45
char = A;code = 65
char = k;code = 107
char = t;code = 116
char = ;code = 32
char = (;code = 40
char = p;code = 112
char = -;code = 45
char = A;code = 65
char = k;code = 107
char = t;code = 116
char = );code = 41
char = ,;code = 44
char = ;code = 32
char = w;code = 119
char = h;code = 104
char = i;code = 105
char = c;code = 99
char = h;code = 104
char = ;code = 32
char = w;code = 119
char = e;code = 101
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = f;code = 102
char = o;code = 111
char = u;code = 117
char = n;code = 110
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = o;code = 111
char = ;code = 32
char = b;code = 98
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = h;code = 104
char = i;code = 105
char = g;code = 103
char = h;code = 104
char = l;code = 108
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char = e;code = 101
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char = ;code = 32
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char = ;code = 32
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char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
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char = ;code = 32
char = p;code = 112
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char = h;code = 104
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char = a;code = 97
char = y;code = 121
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char = ;code = 32
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char = e;code = 101
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char = e;code = 101
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char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = a;code = 97
char = t;code = 116
char = m;code = 109
char = e;code = 101
char = n;code = 110
char = t;code = 116
char = .;code = 46
char = ;code = 32
char = M;code = 77
char = e;code = 101
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char = u;code = 117
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = m;code = 109
char = e;code = 101
char = n;code = 110
char = t;code = 116
char = ;code = 32
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char = f;code = 102
char = ;code = 32
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char = N;code = 78
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = n;code = 110
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = i;code = 105
char = t;code = 116
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char = ;code = 32
char = m;code = 109
char = e;code = 101
char = t;code = 116
char = a;code = 97
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char = o;code = 111
char = l;code = 108
char = i;code = 105
char = t;code = 116
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
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char = F;code = 70
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char = S;code = 83
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char = ;code = 32
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
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char = s;code = 115
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char = a;code = 97
char = l;code = 108
char = l;code = 108
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char = i;code = 105
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char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
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char = ;code = 32
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char = e;code = 101
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result sql = Sulforaphane (SFN) is an isothiocyanate that is present abundantly in widely consumed cruciferous vegetables and has a particularly high content in broccoli and cauliflower. It has been shown to be an effective inhibitor of some carcinogen-induced cancers in rodents. Here, we investigated the chemopreventive efficacy of SFN in the ApcMin/+ mouse model. ApcMin/+ mice were fed with diet supplemented with two different dose levels of SFN (300 and 600 p.p.m.) for 3 weeks. Our results clearly demonstrated that ApcMin/+ mice fed with SFN-supplemented diet developed significantly less and smaller polyps with higher apoptotic and lower proliferative indices in their small intestine, in a SFN dose-dependent manner. In addition, immunohistochemical (IHC) staining of the adenomas indicated that SFN significantly suppressed the expression of phosphorylated c-Jun N-terminal kinase (p-JNK), phosphorylated extracellular signal-regulated kinases (p-ERK) and phosphorylated-Akt (p-Akt), which were found to be highly expressed in the adenomas of ApcMin/+ mice. In contrast, expression of two important biomarkers of the Wnt signaling pathway, beta-catenin and cyclin-D1 was unaffected by SFN treatment. Measurement of SFN and its metabolite SFN-GSH in the small intestine using LC-MS indicates that the concentrations between 3 and 30 nmol/g are required to prevent, or retard adenoma formation in the gastrointestinal tract of ApcMin/+ mice.
Publication: Carcinogenesis 2006 Oct ;27(10)::2038-46.
Publication Date: 2006 Oct
Study Author(s): Hu, Rong;Khor, Tin Oo;Shen, Guoxiang;Jeong, Woo-Sik;Hebbar, Vidya;Chen, Chi;Xu, Changjiang;Reddy, Bandaru;Chada, Kiran;Kong, Ah-Ng Tony;
Institution: Department of Pharmaceutics, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA.
Shortcut link to this study:
Publication Date: 2006 Oct
Study Author(s): Hu, Rong;Khor, Tin Oo;Shen, Guoxiang;Jeong, Woo-Sik;Hebbar, Vidya;Chen, Chi;Xu, Changjiang;Reddy, Bandaru;Chada, Kiran;Kong, Ah-Ng Tony;
Institution: Department of Pharmaceutics, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA.
Shortcut link to this study:
Sulforaphane (SFN) is an isothiocyanate that is present abundantly in widely consumed cruciferous vegetables and has a particularly high content in broccoli and cauliflower. It has been shown to be an effective inhibitor of some carcinogen-induced cancers in rodents. Here, we investigated the chemopreventive efficacy of SFN in the ApcMin/+ mouse model. ApcMin/+ mice were fed with diet supplemented with two different dose levels of SFN (300 and 600 p.p.m.) for 3 weeks. Our results clearly demonstrated that ApcMin/+ mice fed with SFN-supplemented diet developed significantly less and smaller polyps with higher apoptotic and lower proliferative indices in their small intestine, in a SFN dose-dependent manner. In addition, immunohistochemical (IHC) staining of the adenomas indicated that SFN significantly suppressed the expression of phosphorylated c-Jun N-terminal kinase (p-JNK), phosphorylated extracellular signal-regulated kinases (p-ERK) and phosphorylated-Akt (p-Akt), which were found to be highly expressed in the adenomas of ApcMin/+ mice. In contrast, expression of two important biomarkers of the Wnt signaling pathway, beta-catenin and cyclin-D1 was unaffected by SFN treatment. Measurement of SFN and its metabolite SFN-GSH in the small intestine using LC-MS indicates that the concentrations between 3 and 30 nmol/g are required to prevent, or retard adenoma formation in the gastrointestinal tract of ApcMin/+ mice.
PMID: 16675473
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