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result sql = Recent reports have suggested a role for group II metabotropic glutamate receptors (mGluRs) in the attenuation of excitotoxicity. Here we examined the effects of the recently available group II agonist (+)-2-Aminobicyclo[3.1.0]hexane-2-6-dicarboxylic acid (LY354740) on N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA)-induced excitotoxic neuronal death, as well as on hypoxic-ischemic neuronal death both in vitro and in vivo. At concentrations shown to be selective for group II mGluRs expressed in cell lines (0.1-100 nM), LY354740 did not attenuate NMDA-mediated neuronal death in vitro or in vivo. Furthermore, LY354740 did not attenuate oxygen-glucose deprivation-induced neuronal death in vitro or ischemic infarction after transient middle cerebral artery occlusion in rats. In addition, the neuroprotective effect of another group II agonist, (S)-4-carboxy-3-phenylglycine (4C3HPG), which has shown injury attenuating effects both in vitro and in vivo, was not blocked by the group II antagonists (2 S)-alpha-ethylglutamic acid (EGLU), (RS)-alpha-methyl-4-sulphonophenylglycine (MSPG), or the group III antagonist (S)-alpha-methyl-3-carboxyphenylalanine (MCPA), suggesting that this neuroprotection may be mediated by other effects such as upon group I mGluRs.
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result sql = Selective activation of group II mGluRs with LY354740 does not prevent neuronal excitotoxicity.
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char = e;code = 101
char = m;code = 109
char = i;code = 105
char = c;code = 99
char = ;code = 32
char = n;code = 110
char = e;code = 101
char = u;code = 117
char = r;code = 114
char = o;code = 111
char = n;code = 110
char = a;code = 97
char = l;code = 108
char = ;code = 32
char = d;code = 100
char = e;code = 101
char = a;code = 97
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = ;code = 32
char = b;code = 98
char = o;code = 111
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = ;code = 32
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
char = v;code = 118
char = i;code = 105
char = t;code = 116
char = r;code = 114
char = o;code = 111
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = n;code = 110
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
char = v;code = 118
char = i;code = 105
char = v;code = 118
char = o;code = 111
char = .;code = 46
char = ;code = 32
char = A;code = 65
char = t;code = 116
char = ;code = 32
char = c;code = 99
char = o;code = 111
char = n;code = 110
char = c;code = 99
char = e;code = 101
char = n;code = 110
char = t;code = 116
char = r;code = 114
char = a;code = 97
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = o;code = 111
char = n;code = 110
char = s;code = 115
char = ;code = 32
char = s;code = 115
char = h;code = 104
char = o;code = 111
char = w;code = 119
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = o;code = 111
char = ;code = 32
char = b;code = 98
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = s;code = 115
char = e;code = 101
char = l;code = 108
char = e;code = 101
char = c;code = 99
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = v;code = 118
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = f;code = 102
char = o;code = 111
char = r;code = 114
char = ;code = 32
char = g;code = 103
char = r;code = 114
char = o;code = 111
char = u;code = 117
char = p;code = 112
char = ;code = 32
char = I;code = 73
char = I;code = 73
char = ;code = 32
char = m;code = 109
char = G;code = 71
char = l;code = 108
char = u;code = 117
char = R;code = 82
char = s;code = 115
char = ;code = 32
char = e;code = 101
char = x;code = 120
char = p;code = 112
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = s;code = 115
char = s;code = 115
char = e;code = 101
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
char = c;code = 99
char = e;code = 101
char = l;code = 108
char = l;code = 108
char = ;code = 32
char = l;code = 108
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = e;code = 101
char = s;code = 115
char = ;code = 32
char = (;code = 40
char = 0;code = 48
char = .;code = 46
char = 1;code = 49
char = -;code = 45
char = 1;code = 49
char = 0;code = 48
char = 0;code = 48
char = ;code = 32
char = n;code = 110
char = M;code = 77
char = );code = 41
char = ,;code = 44
char = ;code = 32
char = L;code = 76
char = Y;code = 89
char = 3;code = 51
char = 5;code = 53
char = 4;code = 52
char = 7;code = 55
char = 4;code = 52
char = 0;code = 48
char = ;code = 32
char = d;code = 100
char = i;code = 105
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = n;code = 110
char = o;code = 111
char = t;code = 116
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = t;code = 116
char = t;code = 116
char = e;code = 101
char = n;code = 110
char = u;code = 117
char = a;code = 97
char = t;code = 116
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = N;code = 78
char = M;code = 77
char = D;code = 68
char = A;code = 65
char = -;code = 45
char = m;code = 109
char = e;code = 101
char = d;code = 100
char = i;code = 105
char = a;code = 97
char = t;code = 116
char = e;code = 101
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = n;code = 110
char = e;code = 101
char = u;code = 117
char = r;code = 114
char = o;code = 111
char = n;code = 110
char = a;code = 97
char = l;code = 108
char = ;code = 32
char = d;code = 100
char = e;code = 101
char = a;code = 97
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = ;code = 32
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
char = v;code = 118
char = i;code = 105
char = t;code = 116
char = r;code = 114
char = o;code = 111
char = ;code = 32
char = o;code = 111
char = r;code = 114
char = ;code = 32
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
char = v;code = 118
char = i;code = 105
char = v;code = 118
char = o;code = 111
char = .;code = 46
char = ;code = 32
char = F;code = 70
char = u;code = 117
char = r;code = 114
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = e;code = 101
char = r;code = 114
char = m;code = 109
char = o;code = 111
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = ,;code = 44
char = ;code = 32
char = L;code = 76
char = Y;code = 89
char = 3;code = 51
char = 5;code = 53
char = 4;code = 52
char = 7;code = 55
char = 4;code = 52
char = 0;code = 48
char = ;code = 32
char = d;code = 100
char = i;code = 105
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = n;code = 110
char = o;code = 111
char = t;code = 116
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = t;code = 116
char = t;code = 116
char = e;code = 101
char = n;code = 110
char = u;code = 117
char = a;code = 97
char = t;code = 116
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = o;code = 111
char = x;code = 120
char = y;code = 121
char = g;code = 103
char = e;code = 101
char = n;code = 110
char = -;code = 45
char = g;code = 103
char = l;code = 108
char = u;code = 117
char = c;code = 99
char = o;code = 111
char = s;code = 115
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = d;code = 100
char = e;code = 101
char = p;code = 112
char = r;code = 114
char = i;code = 105
char = v;code = 118
char = a;code = 97
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = o;code = 111
char = n;code = 110
char = -;code = 45
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = d;code = 100
char = u;code = 117
char = c;code = 99
char = e;code = 101
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = n;code = 110
char = e;code = 101
char = u;code = 117
char = r;code = 114
char = o;code = 111
char = n;code = 110
char = a;code = 97
char = l;code = 108
char = ;code = 32
char = d;code = 100
char = e;code = 101
char = a;code = 97
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = ;code = 32
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
char = v;code = 118
char = i;code = 105
char = t;code = 116
char = r;code = 114
char = o;code = 111
char = ;code = 32
char = o;code = 111
char = r;code = 114
char = ;code = 32
char = i;code = 105
char = s;code = 115
char = c;code = 99
char = h;code = 104
char = e;code = 101
char = m;code = 109
char = i;code = 105
char = c;code = 99
char = ;code = 32
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = f;code = 102
char = a;code = 97
char = r;code = 114
char = c;code = 99
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = o;code = 111
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = f;code = 102
char = t;code = 116
char = e;code = 101
char = r;code = 114
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = r;code = 114
char = a;code = 97
char = n;code = 110
char = s;code = 115
char = i;code = 105
char = e;code = 101
char = n;code = 110
char = t;code = 116
char = ;code = 32
char = m;code = 109
char = i;code = 105
char = d;code = 100
char = d;code = 100
char = l;code = 108
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = c;code = 99
char = e;code = 101
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = b;code = 98
char = r;code = 114
char = a;code = 97
char = l;code = 108
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = r;code = 114
char = t;code = 116
char = e;code = 101
char = r;code = 114
char = y;code = 121
char = ;code = 32
char = o;code = 111
char = c;code = 99
char = c;code = 99
char = l;code = 108
char = u;code = 117
char = s;code = 115
char = i;code = 105
char = o;code = 111
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
char = r;code = 114
char = a;code = 97
char = t;code = 116
char = s;code = 115
char = .;code = 46
char = ;code = 32
char = I;code = 73
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = d;code = 100
char = d;code = 100
char = i;code = 105
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = o;code = 111
char = n;code = 110
char = ,;code = 44
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = n;code = 110
char = e;code = 101
char = u;code = 117
char = r;code = 114
char = o;code = 111
char = p;code = 112
char = r;code = 114
char = o;code = 111
char = t;code = 116
char = e;code = 101
char = c;code = 99
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = v;code = 118
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = e;code = 101
char = f;code = 102
char = f;code = 102
char = e;code = 101
char = c;code = 99
char = t;code = 116
char = ;code = 32
char = o;code = 111
char = f;code = 102
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = n;code = 110
char = o;code = 111
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = e;code = 101
char = r;code = 114
char = ;code = 32
char = g;code = 103
char = r;code = 114
char = o;code = 111
char = u;code = 117
char = p;code = 112
char = ;code = 32
char = I;code = 73
char = I;code = 73
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = g;code = 103
char = o;code = 111
char = n;code = 110
char = i;code = 105
char = s;code = 115
char = t;code = 116
char = ,;code = 44
char = ;code = 32
char = (;code = 40
char = S;code = 83
char = );code = 41
char = -;code = 45
char = 4;code = 52
char = -;code = 45
char = c;code = 99
char = a;code = 97
char = r;code = 114
char = b;code = 98
char = o;code = 111
char = x;code = 120
char = y;code = 121
char = -;code = 45
char = 3;code = 51
char = -;code = 45
char = p;code = 112
char = h;code = 104
char = e;code = 101
char = n;code = 110
char = y;code = 121
char = l;code = 108
char = g;code = 103
char = l;code = 108
char = y;code = 121
char = c;code = 99
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = (;code = 40
char = 4;code = 52
char = C;code = 67
char = 3;code = 51
char = H;code = 72
char = P;code = 80
char = G;code = 71
char = );code = 41
char = ,;code = 44
char = ;code = 32
char = w;code = 119
char = h;code = 104
char = i;code = 105
char = c;code = 99
char = h;code = 104
char = ;code = 32
char = h;code = 104
char = a;code = 97
char = s;code = 115
char = ;code = 32
char = s;code = 115
char = h;code = 104
char = o;code = 111
char = w;code = 119
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = j;code = 106
char = u;code = 117
char = r;code = 114
char = y;code = 121
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = t;code = 116
char = t;code = 116
char = e;code = 101
char = n;code = 110
char = u;code = 117
char = a;code = 97
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = g;code = 103
char = ;code = 32
char = e;code = 101
char = f;code = 102
char = f;code = 102
char = e;code = 101
char = c;code = 99
char = t;code = 116
char = s;code = 115
char = ;code = 32
char = b;code = 98
char = o;code = 111
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = ;code = 32
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
char = v;code = 118
char = i;code = 105
char = t;code = 116
char = r;code = 114
char = o;code = 111
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = n;code = 110
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
char = v;code = 118
char = i;code = 105
char = v;code = 118
char = o;code = 111
char = ,;code = 44
char = ;code = 32
char = w;code = 119
char = a;code = 97
char = s;code = 115
char = ;code = 32
char = n;code = 110
char = o;code = 111
char = t;code = 116
char = ;code = 32
char = b;code = 98
char = l;code = 108
char = o;code = 111
char = c;code = 99
char = k;code = 107
char = e;code = 101
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = b;code = 98
char = y;code = 121
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = g;code = 103
char = r;code = 114
char = o;code = 111
char = u;code = 117
char = p;code = 112
char = ;code = 32
char = I;code = 73
char = I;code = 73
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = n;code = 110
char = t;code = 116
char = a;code = 97
char = g;code = 103
char = o;code = 111
char = n;code = 110
char = i;code = 105
char = s;code = 115
char = t;code = 116
char = s;code = 115
char = ;code = 32
char = (;code = 40
char = 2;code = 50
char = ;code = 32
char = S;code = 83
char = );code = 41
char = -;code = 45
char = a;code = 97
char = l;code = 108
char = p;code = 112
char = h;code = 104
char = a;code = 97
char = -;code = 45
char = e;code = 101
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = y;code = 121
char = l;code = 108
char = g;code = 103
char = l;code = 108
char = u;code = 117
char = t;code = 116
char = a;code = 97
char = m;code = 109
char = i;code = 105
char = c;code = 99
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = c;code = 99
char = i;code = 105
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = (;code = 40
char = E;code = 69
char = G;code = 71
char = L;code = 76
char = U;code = 85
char = );code = 41
char = ,;code = 44
char = ;code = 32
char = (;code = 40
char = R;code = 82
char = S;code = 83
char = );code = 41
char = -;code = 45
char = a;code = 97
char = l;code = 108
char = p;code = 112
char = h;code = 104
char = a;code = 97
char = -;code = 45
char = m;code = 109
char = e;code = 101
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = y;code = 121
char = l;code = 108
char = -;code = 45
char = 4;code = 52
char = -;code = 45
char = s;code = 115
char = u;code = 117
char = l;code = 108
char = p;code = 112
char = h;code = 104
char = o;code = 111
char = n;code = 110
char = o;code = 111
char = p;code = 112
char = h;code = 104
char = e;code = 101
char = n;code = 110
char = y;code = 121
char = l;code = 108
char = g;code = 103
char = l;code = 108
char = y;code = 121
char = c;code = 99
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = (;code = 40
char = M;code = 77
char = S;code = 83
char = P;code = 80
char = G;code = 71
char = );code = 41
char = ,;code = 44
char = ;code = 32
char = o;code = 111
char = r;code = 114
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = g;code = 103
char = r;code = 114
char = o;code = 111
char = u;code = 117
char = p;code = 112
char = ;code = 32
char = I;code = 73
char = I;code = 73
char = I;code = 73
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = n;code = 110
char = t;code = 116
char = a;code = 97
char = g;code = 103
char = o;code = 111
char = n;code = 110
char = i;code = 105
char = s;code = 115
char = t;code = 116
char = ;code = 32
char = (;code = 40
char = S;code = 83
char = );code = 41
char = -;code = 45
char = a;code = 97
char = l;code = 108
char = p;code = 112
char = h;code = 104
char = a;code = 97
char = -;code = 45
char = m;code = 109
char = e;code = 101
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = y;code = 121
char = l;code = 108
char = -;code = 45
char = 3;code = 51
char = -;code = 45
char = c;code = 99
char = a;code = 97
char = r;code = 114
char = b;code = 98
char = o;code = 111
char = x;code = 120
char = y;code = 121
char = p;code = 112
char = h;code = 104
char = e;code = 101
char = n;code = 110
char = y;code = 121
char = l;code = 108
char = a;code = 97
char = l;code = 108
char = a;code = 97
char = n;code = 110
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = (;code = 40
char = M;code = 77
char = C;code = 67
char = P;code = 80
char = A;code = 65
char = );code = 41
char = ,;code = 44
char = ;code = 32
char = s;code = 115
char = u;code = 117
char = g;code = 103
char = g;code = 103
char = e;code = 101
char = s;code = 115
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = g;code = 103
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = a;code = 97
char = t;code = 116
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = i;code = 105
char = s;code = 115
char = ;code = 32
char = n;code = 110
char = e;code = 101
char = u;code = 117
char = r;code = 114
char = o;code = 111
char = p;code = 112
char = r;code = 114
char = o;code = 111
char = t;code = 116
char = e;code = 101
char = c;code = 99
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = o;code = 111
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
char = m;code = 109
char = a;code = 97
char = y;code = 121
char = ;code = 32
char = b;code = 98
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = m;code = 109
char = e;code = 101
char = d;code = 100
char = i;code = 105
char = a;code = 97
char = t;code = 116
char = e;code = 101
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = b;code = 98
char = y;code = 121
char = ;code = 32
char = o;code = 111
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = e;code = 101
char = r;code = 114
char = ;code = 32
char = e;code = 101
char = f;code = 102
char = f;code = 102
char = e;code = 101
char = c;code = 99
char = t;code = 116
char = s;code = 115
char = ;code = 32
char = s;code = 115
char = u;code = 117
char = c;code = 99
char = h;code = 104
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = s;code = 115
char = ;code = 32
char = u;code = 117
char = p;code = 112
char = o;code = 111
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
char = g;code = 103
char = r;code = 114
char = o;code = 111
char = u;code = 117
char = p;code = 112
char = ;code = 32
char = I;code = 73
char = ;code = 32
char = m;code = 109
char = G;code = 71
char = l;code = 108
char = u;code = 117
char = R;code = 82
char = s;code = 115
char = .;code = 46
char = <;code = 60
char = b;code = 98
char = r;code = 114
char = /;code = 47
char = >;code = 62
result sql = Recent reports have suggested a role for group II metabotropic glutamate receptors (mGluRs) in the attenuation of excitotoxicity. Here we examined the effects of the recently available group II agonist (+)-2-Aminobicyclo[3.1.0]hexane-2-6-dicarboxylic acid (LY354740) on N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA)-induced excitotoxic neuronal death, as well as on hypoxic-ischemic neuronal death both in vitro and in vivo. At concentrations shown to be selective for group II mGluRs expressed in cell lines (0.1-100 nM), LY354740 did not attenuate NMDA-mediated neuronal death in vitro or in vivo. Furthermore, LY354740 did not attenuate oxygen-glucose deprivation-induced neuronal death in vitro or ischemic infarction after transient middle cerebral artery occlusion in rats. In addition, the neuroprotective effect of another group II agonist, (S)-4-carboxy-3-phenylglycine (4C3HPG), which has shown injury attenuating effects both in vitro and in vivo, was not blocked by the group II antagonists (2 S)-alpha-ethylglutamic acid (EGLU), (RS)-alpha-methyl-4-sulphonophenylglycine (MSPG), or the group III antagonist (S)-alpha-methyl-3-carboxyphenylalanine (MCPA), suggesting that this neuroprotection may be mediated by other effects such as upon group I mGluRs.
Publication: Neuropharmacology 1999 Oct ;38(10)::1621-30.
Publication Date: 1999 Oct
Study Author(s): Behrens, M M;Strasser, U;Heidinger, V;Lobner, D;Yu, S P;McDonald, J W;Won, M;Choi, D W;
Institution: Center for the Study of Nervous System Injury and Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA.
Shortcut link to this study:
Publication Date: 1999 Oct
Study Author(s): Behrens, M M;Strasser, U;Heidinger, V;Lobner, D;Yu, S P;McDonald, J W;Won, M;Choi, D W;
Institution: Center for the Study of Nervous System Injury and Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA.
Shortcut link to this study:
Recent reports have suggested a role for group II metabotropic glutamate receptors (mGluRs) in the attenuation of excitotoxicity. Here we examined the effects of the recently available group II agonist (+)-2-Aminobicyclo[3.1.0]hexane-2-6-dicarboxylic acid (LY354740) on N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA)-induced excitotoxic neuronal death, as well as on hypoxic-ischemic neuronal death both in vitro and in vivo. At concentrations shown to be selective for group II mGluRs expressed in cell lines (0.1-100 nM), LY354740 did not attenuate NMDA-mediated neuronal death in vitro or in vivo. Furthermore, LY354740 did not attenuate oxygen-glucose deprivation-induced neuronal death in vitro or ischemic infarction after transient middle cerebral artery occlusion in rats. In addition, the neuroprotective effect of another group II agonist, (S)-4-carboxy-3-phenylglycine (4C3HPG), which has shown injury attenuating effects both in vitro and in vivo, was not blocked by the group II antagonists (2 S)-alpha-ethylglutamic acid (EGLU), (RS)-alpha-methyl-4-sulphonophenylglycine (MSPG), or the group III antagonist (S)-alpha-methyl-3-carboxyphenylalanine (MCPA), suggesting that this neuroprotection may be mediated by other effects such as upon group I mGluRs.
PMID: 10530823
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