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result sql = Very low prevalence of hip osteoarthritis among Chinese elderly in Beijing, China, compared with whites in the United States: the Beijing osteoarthritis study.
Very low prevalence of hip osteoarthritis among Chinese elderly in Beijing, China, compared with whites in the United States: the Beijing osteoarthritis study.
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char = i;code = 105
char = p;code = 112
char = :;code = 58
char = ;code = 32
char = m;code = 109
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = i;code = 105
char = m;code = 109
char = u;code = 117
char = m;code = 109
char = ;code = 32
char = j;code = 106
char = o;code = 111
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = t;code = 116
char = ;code = 32
char = s;code = 115
char = p;code = 112
char = a;code = 97
char = c;code = 99
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = o;code = 111
char = f;code = 102
char = ;code = 32
char = <;code = 60
char = ;code = 32
char = o;code = 111
char = r;code = 114
char = ;code = 32
char = =;code = 61
char = ;code = 32
char = 1;code = 49
char = .;code = 46
char = 5;code = 53
char = ;code = 32
char = m;code = 109
char = m;code = 109
char = ,;code = 44
char = ;code = 32
char = d;code = 100
char = e;code = 101
char = f;code = 102
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = i;code = 105
char = t;code = 116
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = o;code = 111
char = s;code = 115
char = t;code = 116
char = e;code = 101
char = o;code = 111
char = p;code = 112
char = h;code = 104
char = y;code = 121
char = t;code = 116
char = e;code = 101
char = s;code = 115
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = n;code = 110
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = j;code = 106
char = o;code = 111
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = t;code = 116
char = ;code = 32
char = s;code = 115
char = p;code = 112
char = a;code = 97
char = c;code = 99
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = n;code = 110
char = a;code = 97
char = r;code = 114
char = r;code = 114
char = o;code = 111
char = w;code = 119
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = g;code = 103
char = ,;code = 44
char = ;code = 32
char = o;code = 111
char = r;code = 114
char = ;code = 32
char = >;code = 62
char = ;code = 32
char = o;code = 111
char = r;code = 114
char = ;code = 32
char = =;code = 61
char = ;code = 32
char = 3;code = 51
char = ;code = 32
char = r;code = 114
char = a;code = 97
char = d;code = 100
char = i;code = 105
char = o;code = 111
char = g;code = 103
char = r;code = 114
char = a;code = 97
char = p;code = 112
char = h;code = 104
char = i;code = 105
char = c;code = 99
char = ;code = 32
char = f;code = 102
char = e;code = 101
char = a;code = 97
char = t;code = 116
char = u;code = 117
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = s;code = 115
char = ;code = 32
char = o;code = 111
char = f;code = 102
char = ;code = 32
char = O;code = 79
char = A;code = 65
char = .;code = 46
char = ;code = 32
char = S;code = 83
char = y;code = 121
char = m;code = 109
char = p;code = 112
char = t;code = 116
char = o;code = 111
char = m;code = 109
char = a;code = 97
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = c;code = 99
char = ;code = 32
char = h;code = 104
char = i;code = 105
char = p;code = 112
char = ;code = 32
char = O;code = 79
char = A;code = 65
char = ;code = 32
char = w;code = 119
char = a;code = 97
char = s;code = 115
char = ;code = 32
char = d;code = 100
char = e;code = 101
char = f;code = 102
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = e;code = 101
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = s;code = 115
char = ;code = 32
char = b;code = 98
char = o;code = 111
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = ;code = 32
char = r;code = 114
char = a;code = 97
char = d;code = 100
char = i;code = 105
char = o;code = 111
char = g;code = 103
char = r;code = 114
char = a;code = 97
char = p;code = 112
char = h;code = 104
char = i;code = 105
char = c;code = 99
char = ;code = 32
char = O;code = 79
char = A;code = 65
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = n;code = 110
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = h;code = 104
char = i;code = 105
char = p;code = 112
char = ;code = 32
char = p;code = 112
char = a;code = 97
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = .;code = 46
char = <;code = 60
char = b;code = 98
char = r;code = 114
char = /;code = 47
char = >;code = 62
char = <;code = 60
char = b;code = 98
char = r;code = 114
char = /;code = 47
char = >;code = 62
char = <;code = 60
char = b;code = 98
char = >;code = 62
char = R;code = 82
char = E;code = 69
char = S;code = 83
char = U;code = 85
char = L;code = 76
char = T;code = 84
char = S;code = 83
char = ;code = 32
char = :;code = 58
char = ;code = 32
char = <;code = 60
char = /;code = 47
char = b;code = 98
char = >;code = 62
char = T;code = 84
char = h;code = 104
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = c;code = 99
char = r;code = 114
char = u;code = 117
char = d;code = 100
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = p;code = 112
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = v;code = 118
char = a;code = 97
char = l;code = 108
char = e;code = 101
char = n;code = 110
char = c;code = 99
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = o;code = 111
char = f;code = 102
char = ;code = 32
char = r;code = 114
char = a;code = 97
char = d;code = 100
char = i;code = 105
char = o;code = 111
char = g;code = 103
char = r;code = 114
char = a;code = 97
char = p;code = 112
char = h;code = 104
char = i;code = 105
char = c;code = 99
char = ;code = 32
char = h;code = 104
char = i;code = 105
char = p;code = 112
char = ;code = 32
char = O;code = 79
char = A;code = 65
char = ;code = 32
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
char = C;code = 67
char = h;code = 104
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = e;code = 101
char = s;code = 115
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = g;code = 103
char = e;code = 101
char = s;code = 115
char = ;code = 32
char = 6;code = 54
char = 0;code = 48
char = -;code = 45
char = 8;code = 56
char = 9;code = 57
char = ;code = 32
char = y;code = 121
char = e;code = 101
char = a;code = 97
char = r;code = 114
char = s;code = 115
char = ;code = 32
char = w;code = 119
char = a;code = 97
char = s;code = 115
char = ;code = 32
char = 0;code = 48
char = .;code = 46
char = 9;code = 57
char = %;code = 37
char = ;code = 32
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
char = w;code = 119
char = o;code = 111
char = m;code = 109
char = e;code = 101
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = n;code = 110
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = 1;code = 49
char = .;code = 46
char = 1;code = 49
char = %;code = 37
char = ;code = 32
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
char = m;code = 109
char = e;code = 101
char = n;code = 110
char = ;;code = 59
char = ;code = 32
char = i;code = 105
char = t;code = 116
char = ;code = 32
char = d;code = 100
char = i;code = 105
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = n;code = 110
char = o;code = 111
char = t;code = 116
char = ;code = 32
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = c;code = 99
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = a;code = 97
char = s;code = 115
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = w;code = 119
char = i;code = 105
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = g;code = 103
char = e;code = 101
char = .;code = 46
char = ;code = 32
char = C;code = 67
char = h;code = 104
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = e;code = 101
char = s;code = 115
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = w;code = 119
char = o;code = 111
char = m;code = 109
char = e;code = 101
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
char = h;code = 104
char = a;code = 97
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = ;code = 32
char = l;code = 108
char = o;code = 111
char = w;code = 119
char = e;code = 101
char = r;code = 114
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = g;code = 103
char = e;code = 101
char = -;code = 45
char = s;code = 115
char = t;code = 116
char = a;code = 97
char = n;code = 110
char = d;code = 100
char = a;code = 97
char = r;code = 114
char = d;code = 100
char = i;code = 105
char = z;code = 122
char = e;code = 101
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = p;code = 112
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = v;code = 118
char = a;code = 97
char = l;code = 108
char = e;code = 101
char = n;code = 110
char = c;code = 99
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = o;code = 111
char = f;code = 102
char = ;code = 32
char = r;code = 114
char = a;code = 97
char = d;code = 100
char = i;code = 105
char = o;code = 111
char = g;code = 103
char = r;code = 114
char = a;code = 97
char = p;code = 112
char = h;code = 104
char = i;code = 105
char = c;code = 99
char = ;code = 32
char = h;code = 104
char = i;code = 105
char = p;code = 112
char = ;code = 32
char = O;code = 79
char = A;code = 65
char = ;code = 32
char = c;code = 99
char = o;code = 111
char = m;code = 109
char = p;code = 112
char = a;code = 97
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = w;code = 119
char = i;code = 105
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = ;code = 32
char = w;code = 119
char = h;code = 104
char = i;code = 105
char = t;code = 116
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = w;code = 119
char = o;code = 111
char = m;code = 109
char = e;code = 101
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = S;code = 83
char = O;code = 79
char = F;code = 70
char = ;code = 32
char = (;code = 40
char = a;code = 97
char = g;code = 103
char = e;code = 101
char = -;code = 45
char = s;code = 115
char = t;code = 116
char = a;code = 97
char = n;code = 110
char = d;code = 100
char = a;code = 97
char = r;code = 114
char = d;code = 100
char = i;code = 105
char = z;code = 122
char = e;code = 101
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = p;code = 112
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = v;code = 118
char = a;code = 97
char = l;code = 108
char = e;code = 101
char = n;code = 110
char = c;code = 99
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = r;code = 114
char = a;code = 97
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = o;code = 111
char = ;code = 32
char = 0;code = 48
char = .;code = 46
char = 0;code = 48
char = 7;code = 55
char = );code = 41
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = n;code = 110
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = N;code = 78
char = H;code = 72
char = A;code = 65
char = N;code = 78
char = E;code = 69
char = S;code = 83
char = -;code = 45
char = I;code = 73
char = ;code = 32
char = (;code = 40
char = p;code = 112
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = v;code = 118
char = a;code = 97
char = l;code = 108
char = e;code = 101
char = n;code = 110
char = c;code = 99
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = r;code = 114
char = a;code = 97
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = o;code = 111
char = ;code = 32
char = 0;code = 48
char = .;code = 46
char = 2;code = 50
char = 2;code = 50
char = );code = 41
char = .;code = 46
char = ;code = 32
char = C;code = 67
char = h;code = 104
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = e;code = 101
char = s;code = 115
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = m;code = 109
char = e;code = 101
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
char = h;code = 104
char = a;code = 97
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = ;code = 32
char = l;code = 108
char = o;code = 111
char = w;code = 119
char = e;code = 101
char = r;code = 114
char = ;code = 32
char = p;code = 112
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = v;code = 118
char = a;code = 97
char = l;code = 108
char = e;code = 101
char = n;code = 110
char = c;code = 99
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = o;code = 111
char = f;code = 102
char = ;code = 32
char = r;code = 114
char = a;code = 97
char = d;code = 100
char = i;code = 105
char = o;code = 111
char = g;code = 103
char = r;code = 114
char = a;code = 97
char = p;code = 112
char = h;code = 104
char = i;code = 105
char = c;code = 99
char = ;code = 32
char = h;code = 104
char = i;code = 105
char = p;code = 112
char = ;code = 32
char = O;code = 79
char = A;code = 65
char = ;code = 32
char = c;code = 99
char = o;code = 111
char = m;code = 109
char = p;code = 112
char = a;code = 97
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = w;code = 119
char = i;code = 105
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = ;code = 32
char = w;code = 119
char = h;code = 104
char = i;code = 105
char = t;code = 116
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = m;code = 109
char = e;code = 101
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
char = o;code = 111
char = f;code = 102
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = s;code = 115
char = a;code = 97
char = m;code = 109
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = g;code = 103
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = N;code = 78
char = H;code = 72
char = A;code = 65
char = N;code = 78
char = E;code = 69
char = S;code = 83
char = -;code = 45
char = I;code = 73
char = ;code = 32
char = (;code = 40
char = p;code = 112
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = v;code = 118
char = a;code = 97
char = l;code = 108
char = e;code = 101
char = n;code = 110
char = c;code = 99
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = r;code = 114
char = a;code = 97
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = o;code = 111
char = ;code = 32
char = 0;code = 48
char = .;code = 46
char = 1;code = 49
char = 9;code = 57
char = );code = 41
char = .;code = 46
char = ;code = 32
char = T;code = 84
char = h;code = 104
char = e;code = 101
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = w;code = 119
char = e;code = 101
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = n;code = 110
char = o;code = 111
char = ;code = 32
char = c;code = 99
char = a;code = 97
char = s;code = 115
char = e;code = 101
char = s;code = 115
char = ;code = 32
char = o;code = 111
char = f;code = 102
char = ;code = 32
char = s;code = 115
char = y;code = 121
char = m;code = 109
char = p;code = 112
char = t;code = 116
char = o;code = 111
char = m;code = 109
char = a;code = 97
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = c;code = 99
char = ;code = 32
char = h;code = 104
char = i;code = 105
char = p;code = 112
char = ;code = 32
char = O;code = 79
char = A;code = 65
char = ;code = 32
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = C;code = 67
char = h;code = 104
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = e;code = 101
char = s;code = 115
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = m;code = 109
char = e;code = 101
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = n;code = 110
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = o;code = 111
char = n;code = 110
char = l;code = 108
char = y;code = 121
char = ;code = 32
char = 1;code = 49
char = ;code = 32
char = c;code = 99
char = a;code = 97
char = s;code = 115
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = C;code = 67
char = h;code = 104
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = e;code = 101
char = s;code = 115
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = w;code = 119
char = o;code = 111
char = m;code = 109
char = e;code = 101
char = n;code = 110
char = ;;code = 59
char = ;code = 32
char = 3;code = 51
char = 5;code = 53
char = ;code = 32
char = c;code = 99
char = a;code = 97
char = s;code = 115
char = e;code = 101
char = s;code = 115
char = ;code = 32
char = w;code = 119
char = e;code = 101
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = e;code = 101
char = x;code = 120
char = p;code = 112
char = e;code = 101
char = c;code = 99
char = t;code = 116
char = e;code = 101
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
char = b;code = 98
char = o;code = 111
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = ;code = 32
char = s;code = 115
char = e;code = 101
char = x;code = 120
char = e;code = 101
char = s;code = 115
char = .;code = 46
char = <;code = 60
char = b;code = 98
char = r;code = 114
char = /;code = 47
char = >;code = 62
char = <;code = 60
char = b;code = 98
char = r;code = 114
char = /;code = 47
char = >;code = 62
char = <;code = 60
char = b;code = 98
char = >;code = 62
char = C;code = 67
char = O;code = 79
char = N;code = 78
char = C;code = 67
char = L;code = 76
char = U;code = 85
char = S;code = 83
char = I;code = 73
char = O;code = 79
char = N;code = 78
char = ;code = 32
char = :;code = 58
char = ;code = 32
char = <;code = 60
char = /;code = 47
char = b;code = 98
char = >;code = 62
char = T;code = 84
char = h;code = 104
char = i;code = 105
char = s;code = 115
char = ;code = 32
char = i;code = 105
char = s;code = 115
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = f;code = 102
char = i;code = 105
char = r;code = 114
char = s;code = 115
char = t;code = 116
char = ;code = 32
char = p;code = 112
char = o;code = 111
char = p;code = 112
char = u;code = 117
char = l;code = 108
char = a;code = 97
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = o;code = 111
char = n;code = 110
char = -;code = 45
char = b;code = 98
char = a;code = 97
char = s;code = 115
char = e;code = 101
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = s;code = 115
char = t;code = 116
char = u;code = 117
char = d;code = 100
char = y;code = 121
char = ;code = 32
char = o;code = 111
char = f;code = 102
char = ;code = 32
char = h;code = 104
char = i;code = 105
char = p;code = 112
char = ;code = 32
char = O;code = 79
char = A;code = 65
char = ;code = 32
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
char = C;code = 67
char = h;code = 104
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = a;code = 97
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result sql = OBJECTIVE : To compare the prevalence of osteoarthritis (OA) of the hip among elderly persons in China and the US.

METHODS : We recruited a population-based sample of 1,506 persons (82% of those enumerated) ages > or = 60 years living in Beijing, China. Subjects answered questions about joint symptoms and underwent radiography of the pelvis. Radiographs of the Beijing subjects were intermingled with hip radiographs of white women ages > or = 65 years from the Study of Osteoporotic Fractures (SOF) and white men and women ages 60-74 years from the First National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES-I) and were then interpreted. Radiographic hip OA was defined as the presence of 1 of the following 3 findings in either hip: minimum joint space of < or = 1.5 mm, definite osteophytes and joint space narrowing, or > or = 3 radiographic features of OA. Symptomatic hip OA was defined as both radiographic OA and hip pain.

RESULTS : The crude prevalence of radiographic hip OA in Chinese ages 60-89 years was 0.9% in women and 1.1% in men; it did not increase with age. Chinese women had a lower age-standardized prevalence of radiographic hip OA compared with white women in the SOF (age-standardized prevalence ratio 0.07) and the NHANES-I (prevalence ratio 0.22). Chinese men had a lower prevalence of radiographic hip OA compared with white men of the same age in the NHANES-I (prevalence ratio 0.19). There were no cases of symptomatic hip OA in the Chinese men and only 1 case in the Chinese women; 35 cases were expected in both sexes.

CONCLUSION : This is the first population-based study of hip OA in China to use standardized radiographic methods and definitions. We found that hip OA was 80-90% less frequent than in white persons in the US. Identification of the genetic and environmental factors that underlie these differences may help elucidate the etiology and prevention of hip OA.

Publication: Arthritis Rheum. 2002 Jul ;46(7)::1773-9.
Publication Date: 2002 Jul
Study Author(s): Nevitt, Michael C;Xu, Ling;Zhang, Yuqing;Lui, Li-Yung;Yu, Wei;Lane, Nancy E;Qin, Mingwei;Hochberg, Marc C;Cummings, Steven R;Felson, David T;
Institution: Prevention Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, 94105, USA. [email protected]
Shortcut link to this study:
OBJECTIVE : To compare the prevalence of osteoarthritis (OA) of the hip among elderly persons in China and the US.

METHODS : We recruited a population-based sample of 1,506 persons (82% of those enumerated) ages > or = 60 years living in Beijing, China. Subjects answered questions about joint symptoms and underwent radiography of the pelvis. Radiographs of the Beijing subjects were intermingled with hip radiographs of white women ages > or = 65 years from the Study of Osteoporotic Fractures (SOF) and white men and women ages 60-74 years from the First National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES-I) and were then interpreted. Radiographic hip OA was defined as the presence of 1 of the following 3 findings in either hip: minimum joint space of < or = 1.5 mm, definite osteophytes and joint space narrowing, or > or = 3 radiographic features of OA. Symptomatic hip OA was defined as both radiographic OA and hip pain.

RESULTS : The crude prevalence of radiographic hip OA in Chinese ages 60-89 years was 0.9% in women and 1.1% in men; it did not increase with age. Chinese women had a lower age-standardized prevalence of radiographic hip OA compared with white women in the SOF (age-standardized prevalence ratio 0.07) and the NHANES-I (prevalence ratio 0.22). Chinese men had a lower prevalence of radiographic hip OA compared with white men of the same age in the NHANES-I (prevalence ratio 0.19). There were no cases of symptomatic hip OA in the Chinese men and only 1 case in the Chinese women; 35 cases were expected in both sexes.

CONCLUSION : This is the first population-based study of hip OA in China to use standardized radiographic methods and definitions. We found that hip OA was 80-90% less frequent than in white persons in the US. Identification of the genetic and environmental factors that underlie these differences may help elucidate the etiology and prevention of hip OA.
PMID: 12124860

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