|
|
char = I;code = 73
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char = t;code = 116
char = e;code = 101
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char = a;code = 97
char = c;code = 99
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = o;code = 111
char = n;code = 110
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char = o;code = 111
char = f;code = 102
char = ;code = 32
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char = r;code = 114
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char = s;code = 115
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char = r;code = 114
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char = s;code = 115
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char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = ;code = 32
char = m;code = 109
char = a;code = 97
char = c;code = 99
char = r;code = 114
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char = m;code = 109
char = o;code = 111
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char = c;code = 99
char = u;code = 117
char = l;code = 108
char = e;code = 101
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char = :;code = 58
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char = P;code = 80
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char = r;code = 114
char = t;code = 116
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char = I;code = 73
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char = -;code = 45
char = N;code = 78
char = a;code = 97
char = t;code = 116
char = u;code = 117
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char = a;code = 97
char = l;code = 108
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char = d;code = 100
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char = o;code = 111
char = l;code = 108
char = l;code = 108
char = o;code = 111
char = i;code = 105
char = d;code = 100
char = s;code = 115
char = .;code = 46
result sql = Interaction of preservatives with macromolecules: Part I--Natural hydrocolloids.
Interaction of preservatives with macromolecules: Part I--Natural hydrocolloids.char = A;code = 65
char = n;code = 110
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = b;code = 98
char = a;code = 97
char = c;code = 99
char = t;code = 116
char = e;code = 101
char = r;code = 114
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char = a;code = 97
char = l;code = 108
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char = a;code = 97
char = c;code = 99
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = v;code = 118
char = i;code = 105
char = t;code = 116
char = y;code = 121
char = ;code = 32
char = o;code = 111
char = f;code = 102
char = ;code = 32
char = m;code = 109
char = e;code = 101
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = y;code = 121
char = l;code = 108
char = -;code = 45
char = p;code = 112
char = -;code = 45
char = h;code = 104
char = y;code = 121
char = d;code = 100
char = r;code = 114
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char = x;code = 120
char = y;code = 121
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char = e;code = 101
char = n;code = 110
char = z;code = 122
char = o;code = 111
char = a;code = 97
char = t;code = 116
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = g;code = 103
char = a;code = 97
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = s;code = 115
char = t;code = 116
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char = P;code = 80
char = s;code = 115
char = .;code = 46
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = e;code = 101
char = r;code = 114
char = u;code = 117
char = g;code = 103
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = o;code = 111
char = s;code = 115
char = a;code = 97
char = ;code = 32
char = w;code = 119
char = a;code = 97
char = s;code = 115
char = ;code = 32
char = e;code = 101
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char = a;code = 97
char = l;code = 108
char = u;code = 117
char = a;code = 97
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char = e;code = 101
char = d;code = 100
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char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
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char = e;code = 101
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char = c;code = 99
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char = o;code = 111
char = f;code = 102
char = ;code = 32
char = v;code = 118
char = a;code = 97
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char = y;code = 121
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char = c;code = 99
char = o;code = 111
char = n;code = 110
char = c;code = 99
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char = t;code = 116
char = r;code = 114
char = a;code = 97
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = o;code = 111
char = n;code = 110
char = s;code = 115
char = ;code = 32
char = o;code = 111
char = f;code = 102
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = c;code = 99
char = a;code = 97
char = c;code = 99
char = i;code = 105
char = a;code = 97
char = ,;code = 44
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = r;code = 114
char = a;code = 97
char = g;code = 103
char = a;code = 97
char = c;code = 99
char = a;code = 97
char = n;code = 110
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = ,;code = 44
char = ;code = 32
char = s;code = 115
char = o;code = 111
char = d;code = 100
char = i;code = 105
char = u;code = 117
char = m;code = 109
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = l;code = 108
char = g;code = 103
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = a;code = 97
char = t;code = 116
char = e;code = 101
char = ,;code = 44
char = ;code = 32
char = g;code = 103
char = u;code = 117
char = a;code = 97
char = r;code = 114
char = ;code = 32
char = g;code = 103
char = u;code = 117
char = m;code = 109
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char = a;code = 97
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char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = c;code = 99
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char = r;code = 114
char = r;code = 114
char = a;code = 97
char = g;code = 103
char = e;code = 101
char = e;code = 101
char = n;code = 110
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = .;code = 46
char = ;code = 32
char = A;code = 65
char = l;code = 108
char = l;code = 108
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = e;code = 101
char = s;code = 115
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = h;code = 104
char = y;code = 121
char = d;code = 100
char = r;code = 114
char = o;code = 111
char = c;code = 99
char = o;code = 111
char = l;code = 108
char = l;code = 108
char = o;code = 111
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char = d;code = 100
char = s;code = 115
char = ;code = 32
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = d;code = 100
char = u;code = 117
char = c;code = 99
char = e;code = 101
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
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char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = b;code = 98
char = a;code = 97
char = c;code = 99
char = t;code = 116
char = e;code = 101
char = r;code = 114
char = i;code = 105
char = a;code = 97
char = l;code = 108
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = c;code = 99
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = v;code = 118
char = i;code = 105
char = t;code = 116
char = y;code = 121
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = o;code = 111
char = ;code = 32
char = v;code = 118
char = a;code = 97
char = r;code = 114
char = y;code = 121
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = g;code = 103
char = ;code = 32
char = d;code = 100
char = e;code = 101
char = g;code = 103
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = e;code = 101
char = s;code = 115
char = .;code = 46
char = ;code = 32
char = T;code = 84
char = r;code = 114
char = a;code = 97
char = g;code = 103
char = a;code = 97
char = c;code = 99
char = a;code = 97
char = n;code = 110
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = n;code = 110
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = g;code = 103
char = u;code = 117
char = a;code = 97
char = r;code = 114
char = ;code = 32
char = g;code = 103
char = u;code = 117
char = m;code = 109
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char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = h;code = 104
char = i;code = 105
char = b;code = 98
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char = t;code = 116
char = e;code = 101
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = c;code = 99
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = v;code = 118
char = i;code = 105
char = t;code = 116
char = y;code = 121
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = o;code = 111
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = ;code = 32
char = g;code = 103
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = a;code = 97
char = t;code = 116
char = e;code = 101
char = r;code = 114
char = ;code = 32
char = e;code = 101
char = x;code = 120
char = t;code = 116
char = e;code = 101
char = n;code = 110
char = t;code = 116
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = a;code = 97
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = c;code = 99
char = a;code = 97
char = c;code = 99
char = i;code = 105
char = a;code = 97
char = ,;code = 44
char = ;code = 32
char = s;code = 115
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char = d;code = 100
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char = m;code = 109
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char = a;code = 97
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char = g;code = 103
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char = a;code = 97
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char = e;code = 101
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char = a;code = 97
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char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = c;code = 99
char = a;code = 97
char = r;code = 114
char = r;code = 114
char = a;code = 97
char = g;code = 103
char = e;code = 101
char = e;code = 101
char = n;code = 110
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = .;code = 46
char = ;code = 32
char = H;code = 72
char = y;code = 121
char = d;code = 100
char = r;code = 114
char = o;code = 111
char = c;code = 99
char = o;code = 111
char = l;code = 108
char = l;code = 108
char = o;code = 111
char = i;code = 105
char = d;code = 100
char = s;code = 115
char = ;code = 32
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = d;code = 100
char = u;code = 117
char = c;code = 99
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = n;code = 110
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = b;code = 98
char = a;code = 97
char = c;code = 99
char = t;code = 116
char = e;code = 101
char = r;code = 114
char = i;code = 105
char = a;code = 97
char = l;code = 108
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = c;code = 99
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = v;code = 118
char = i;code = 105
char = t;code = 116
char = y;code = 121
char = ;code = 32
char = o;code = 111
char = f;code = 102
char = ;code = 32
char = p;code = 112
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = s;code = 115
char = e;code = 101
char = r;code = 114
char = v;code = 118
char = a;code = 97
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = v;code = 118
char = e;code = 101
char = s;code = 115
char = ;code = 32
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = w;code = 119
char = o;code = 111
char = ;code = 32
char = w;code = 119
char = a;code = 97
char = y;code = 121
char = s;code = 115
char = .;code = 46
char = ;code = 32
char = I;code = 73
char = n;code = 110
char = t;code = 116
char = e;code = 101
char = r;code = 114
char = a;code = 97
char = c;code = 99
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = o;code = 111
char = n;code = 110
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char = o;code = 111
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char = ;code = 32
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char = h;code = 104
char = e;code = 101
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char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
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char = r;code = 114
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char = a;code = 97
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char = v;code = 118
char = e;code = 101
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char = w;code = 119
char = i;code = 105
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = ;code = 32
char = h;code = 104
char = y;code = 121
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char = r;code = 114
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char = h;code = 104
char = i;code = 105
char = l;code = 108
char = i;code = 105
char = c;code = 99
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char = m;code = 109
char = a;code = 97
char = c;code = 99
char = r;code = 114
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char = m;code = 109
char = o;code = 111
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char = e;code = 101
char = c;code = 99
char = u;code = 117
char = l;code = 108
char = e;code = 101
char = s;code = 115
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char = a;code = 97
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char = d;code = 100
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char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
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char = i;code = 105
char = l;code = 108
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char = p;code = 112
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = s;code = 115
char = e;code = 101
char = r;code = 114
char = v;code = 118
char = a;code = 97
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = v;code = 118
char = e;code = 101
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char = a;code = 97
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char = p;code = 112
char = e;code = 101
char = a;code = 97
char = r;code = 114
char = s;code = 115
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = o;code = 111
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char = b;code = 98
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char = t;code = 116
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char = e;code = 101
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char = e;code = 101
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char = a;code = 97
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char = a;code = 97
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char = t;code = 116
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char = a;code = 97
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char = A;code = 65
char = c;code = 99
char = a;code = 97
char = c;code = 99
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char = f;code = 102
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = p;code = 112
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = s;code = 115
char = e;code = 101
char = r;code = 114
char = v;code = 118
char = a;code = 97
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = v;code = 118
char = e;code = 101
char = .;code = 46
char = ;code = 32
char = I;code = 73
char = t;code = 116
char = ;code = 32
char = i;code = 105
char = s;code = 115
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = l;code = 108
char = s;code = 115
char = o;code = 111
char = ;code = 32
char = p;code = 112
char = r;code = 114
char = o;code = 111
char = b;code = 98
char = a;code = 97
char = b;code = 98
char = l;code = 108
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = a;code = 97
char = t;code = 116
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = e;code = 101
char = s;code = 115
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = h;code = 104
char = y;code = 121
char = d;code = 100
char = r;code = 114
char = o;code = 111
char = c;code = 99
char = o;code = 111
char = l;code = 108
char = l;code = 108
char = o;code = 111
char = i;code = 105
char = d;code = 100
char = s;code = 115
char = ;code = 32
char = p;code = 112
char = r;code = 114
char = o;code = 111
char = v;code = 118
char = i;code = 105
char = d;code = 100
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = m;code = 109
char = o;code = 111
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = f;code = 102
char = a;code = 97
char = v;code = 118
char = o;code = 111
char = u;code = 117
char = r;code = 114
char = a;code = 97
char = b;code = 98
char = l;code = 108
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = m;code = 109
char = e;code = 101
char = d;code = 100
char = i;code = 105
char = a;code = 97
char = ;code = 32
char = f;code = 102
char = o;code = 111
char = r;code = 114
char = ;code = 32
char = m;code = 109
char = i;code = 105
char = c;code = 99
char = r;code = 114
char = o;code = 111
char = b;code = 98
char = i;code = 105
char = a;code = 97
char = l;code = 108
char = ;code = 32
char = g;code = 103
char = r;code = 114
char = o;code = 111
char = w;code = 119
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = e;code = 101
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = b;code = 98
char = y;code = 121
char = ;code = 32
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = c;code = 99
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = a;code = 97
char = s;code = 115
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = g;code = 103
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = p;code = 112
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = s;code = 115
char = e;code = 101
char = r;code = 114
char = v;code = 118
char = a;code = 97
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = v;code = 118
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = q;code = 113
char = u;code = 117
char = i;code = 105
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = m;code = 109
char = e;code = 101
char = n;code = 110
char = t;code = 116
char = ;code = 32
char = f;code = 102
char = o;code = 111
char = r;code = 114
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = d;code = 100
char = e;code = 101
char = q;code = 113
char = u;code = 117
char = a;code = 97
char = t;code = 116
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = p;code = 112
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = s;code = 115
char = e;code = 101
char = r;code = 114
char = v;code = 118
char = a;code = 97
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = o;code = 111
char = n;code = 110
char = .;code = 46
char = <;code = 60
char = b;code = 98
char = r;code = 114
char = /;code = 47
char = >;code = 62
result sql = Antibacterial activity of methyl-p-hydroxybenzoate against Ps. aeruginosa was evaluated in the presence of varying concentrations of acacia, tragacanth, sodium alginate, guar gum and carrageenin. All these hydrocolloids reduced the antibacterial activity to varying degrees. Tragacanth and guar gum inhibited the activity to a greater extent than acacia, sodium alginate and carrageenin. Hydrocolloids reduce the antibacterial activity of preservatives in two ways. Interaction of the preservative with hydrophilic macromolecules and subsequent reduction in the availability of preservative appears to be the predominant mechanism by which tragacanth and guar gum reduce the activity of methyl-p-hydroxybenzoate. Acacia, sodium alginate and carrageenin apparently act by offering physical protection to microbial cells from the action of the preservative. It is also probable that these hydrocolloids provide more favourable media for microbial growth thereby increasing the preservative requirement for adequate preservation.
char = n;code = 110
char = t;code = 116
char = e;code = 101
char = r;code = 114
char = a;code = 97
char = c;code = 99
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = o;code = 111
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
char = o;code = 111
char = f;code = 102
char = ;code = 32
char = p;code = 112
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = s;code = 115
char = e;code = 101
char = r;code = 114
char = v;code = 118
char = a;code = 97
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = v;code = 118
char = e;code = 101
char = s;code = 115
char = ;code = 32
char = w;code = 119
char = i;code = 105
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = ;code = 32
char = m;code = 109
char = a;code = 97
char = c;code = 99
char = r;code = 114
char = o;code = 111
char = m;code = 109
char = o;code = 111
char = l;code = 108
char = e;code = 101
char = c;code = 99
char = u;code = 117
char = l;code = 108
char = e;code = 101
char = s;code = 115
char = :;code = 58
char = ;code = 32
char = P;code = 80
char = a;code = 97
char = r;code = 114
char = t;code = 116
char = ;code = 32
char = I;code = 73
char = -;code = 45
char = -;code = 45
char = N;code = 78
char = a;code = 97
char = t;code = 116
char = u;code = 117
char = r;code = 114
char = a;code = 97
char = l;code = 108
char = ;code = 32
char = h;code = 104
char = y;code = 121
char = d;code = 100
char = r;code = 114
char = o;code = 111
char = c;code = 99
char = o;code = 111
char = l;code = 108
char = l;code = 108
char = o;code = 111
char = i;code = 105
char = d;code = 100
char = s;code = 115
char = .;code = 46
result sql = Interaction of preservatives with macromolecules: Part I--Natural hydrocolloids.
char = n;code = 110
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = b;code = 98
char = a;code = 97
char = c;code = 99
char = t;code = 116
char = e;code = 101
char = r;code = 114
char = i;code = 105
char = a;code = 97
char = l;code = 108
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = c;code = 99
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = v;code = 118
char = i;code = 105
char = t;code = 116
char = y;code = 121
char = ;code = 32
char = o;code = 111
char = f;code = 102
char = ;code = 32
char = m;code = 109
char = e;code = 101
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = y;code = 121
char = l;code = 108
char = -;code = 45
char = p;code = 112
char = -;code = 45
char = h;code = 104
char = y;code = 121
char = d;code = 100
char = r;code = 114
char = o;code = 111
char = x;code = 120
char = y;code = 121
char = b;code = 98
char = e;code = 101
char = n;code = 110
char = z;code = 122
char = o;code = 111
char = a;code = 97
char = t;code = 116
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = g;code = 103
char = a;code = 97
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = s;code = 115
char = t;code = 116
char = ;code = 32
char = P;code = 80
char = s;code = 115
char = .;code = 46
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = e;code = 101
char = r;code = 114
char = u;code = 117
char = g;code = 103
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = o;code = 111
char = s;code = 115
char = a;code = 97
char = ;code = 32
char = w;code = 119
char = a;code = 97
char = s;code = 115
char = ;code = 32
char = e;code = 101
char = v;code = 118
char = a;code = 97
char = l;code = 108
char = u;code = 117
char = a;code = 97
char = t;code = 116
char = e;code = 101
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = p;code = 112
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = s;code = 115
char = e;code = 101
char = n;code = 110
char = c;code = 99
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = o;code = 111
char = f;code = 102
char = ;code = 32
char = v;code = 118
char = a;code = 97
char = r;code = 114
char = y;code = 121
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = g;code = 103
char = ;code = 32
char = c;code = 99
char = o;code = 111
char = n;code = 110
char = c;code = 99
char = e;code = 101
char = n;code = 110
char = t;code = 116
char = r;code = 114
char = a;code = 97
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = o;code = 111
char = n;code = 110
char = s;code = 115
char = ;code = 32
char = o;code = 111
char = f;code = 102
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = c;code = 99
char = a;code = 97
char = c;code = 99
char = i;code = 105
char = a;code = 97
char = ,;code = 44
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = r;code = 114
char = a;code = 97
char = g;code = 103
char = a;code = 97
char = c;code = 99
char = a;code = 97
char = n;code = 110
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = ,;code = 44
char = ;code = 32
char = s;code = 115
char = o;code = 111
char = d;code = 100
char = i;code = 105
char = u;code = 117
char = m;code = 109
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = l;code = 108
char = g;code = 103
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = a;code = 97
char = t;code = 116
char = e;code = 101
char = ,;code = 44
char = ;code = 32
char = g;code = 103
char = u;code = 117
char = a;code = 97
char = r;code = 114
char = ;code = 32
char = g;code = 103
char = u;code = 117
char = m;code = 109
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = n;code = 110
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = c;code = 99
char = a;code = 97
char = r;code = 114
char = r;code = 114
char = a;code = 97
char = g;code = 103
char = e;code = 101
char = e;code = 101
char = n;code = 110
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = .;code = 46
char = ;code = 32
char = A;code = 65
char = l;code = 108
char = l;code = 108
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = e;code = 101
char = s;code = 115
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = h;code = 104
char = y;code = 121
char = d;code = 100
char = r;code = 114
char = o;code = 111
char = c;code = 99
char = o;code = 111
char = l;code = 108
char = l;code = 108
char = o;code = 111
char = i;code = 105
char = d;code = 100
char = s;code = 115
char = ;code = 32
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = d;code = 100
char = u;code = 117
char = c;code = 99
char = e;code = 101
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = n;code = 110
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = b;code = 98
char = a;code = 97
char = c;code = 99
char = t;code = 116
char = e;code = 101
char = r;code = 114
char = i;code = 105
char = a;code = 97
char = l;code = 108
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = c;code = 99
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = v;code = 118
char = i;code = 105
char = t;code = 116
char = y;code = 121
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = o;code = 111
char = ;code = 32
char = v;code = 118
char = a;code = 97
char = r;code = 114
char = y;code = 121
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = g;code = 103
char = ;code = 32
char = d;code = 100
char = e;code = 101
char = g;code = 103
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = e;code = 101
char = s;code = 115
char = .;code = 46
char = ;code = 32
char = T;code = 84
char = r;code = 114
char = a;code = 97
char = g;code = 103
char = a;code = 97
char = c;code = 99
char = a;code = 97
char = n;code = 110
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = n;code = 110
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = g;code = 103
char = u;code = 117
char = a;code = 97
char = r;code = 114
char = ;code = 32
char = g;code = 103
char = u;code = 117
char = m;code = 109
char = ;code = 32
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = h;code = 104
char = i;code = 105
char = b;code = 98
char = i;code = 105
char = t;code = 116
char = e;code = 101
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = c;code = 99
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = v;code = 118
char = i;code = 105
char = t;code = 116
char = y;code = 121
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = o;code = 111
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = ;code = 32
char = g;code = 103
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = a;code = 97
char = t;code = 116
char = e;code = 101
char = r;code = 114
char = ;code = 32
char = e;code = 101
char = x;code = 120
char = t;code = 116
char = e;code = 101
char = n;code = 110
char = t;code = 116
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = a;code = 97
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = c;code = 99
char = a;code = 97
char = c;code = 99
char = i;code = 105
char = a;code = 97
char = ,;code = 44
char = ;code = 32
char = s;code = 115
char = o;code = 111
char = d;code = 100
char = i;code = 105
char = u;code = 117
char = m;code = 109
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = l;code = 108
char = g;code = 103
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = a;code = 97
char = t;code = 116
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = n;code = 110
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = c;code = 99
char = a;code = 97
char = r;code = 114
char = r;code = 114
char = a;code = 97
char = g;code = 103
char = e;code = 101
char = e;code = 101
char = n;code = 110
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = .;code = 46
char = ;code = 32
char = H;code = 72
char = y;code = 121
char = d;code = 100
char = r;code = 114
char = o;code = 111
char = c;code = 99
char = o;code = 111
char = l;code = 108
char = l;code = 108
char = o;code = 111
char = i;code = 105
char = d;code = 100
char = s;code = 115
char = ;code = 32
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = d;code = 100
char = u;code = 117
char = c;code = 99
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = n;code = 110
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = b;code = 98
char = a;code = 97
char = c;code = 99
char = t;code = 116
char = e;code = 101
char = r;code = 114
char = i;code = 105
char = a;code = 97
char = l;code = 108
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = c;code = 99
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = v;code = 118
char = i;code = 105
char = t;code = 116
char = y;code = 121
char = ;code = 32
char = o;code = 111
char = f;code = 102
char = ;code = 32
char = p;code = 112
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = s;code = 115
char = e;code = 101
char = r;code = 114
char = v;code = 118
char = a;code = 97
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = v;code = 118
char = e;code = 101
char = s;code = 115
char = ;code = 32
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = w;code = 119
char = o;code = 111
char = ;code = 32
char = w;code = 119
char = a;code = 97
char = y;code = 121
char = s;code = 115
char = .;code = 46
char = ;code = 32
char = I;code = 73
char = n;code = 110
char = t;code = 116
char = e;code = 101
char = r;code = 114
char = a;code = 97
char = c;code = 99
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = o;code = 111
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
char = o;code = 111
char = f;code = 102
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = p;code = 112
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = s;code = 115
char = e;code = 101
char = r;code = 114
char = v;code = 118
char = a;code = 97
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = v;code = 118
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = w;code = 119
char = i;code = 105
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = ;code = 32
char = h;code = 104
char = y;code = 121
char = d;code = 100
char = r;code = 114
char = o;code = 111
char = p;code = 112
char = h;code = 104
char = i;code = 105
char = l;code = 108
char = i;code = 105
char = c;code = 99
char = ;code = 32
char = m;code = 109
char = a;code = 97
char = c;code = 99
char = r;code = 114
char = o;code = 111
char = m;code = 109
char = o;code = 111
char = l;code = 108
char = e;code = 101
char = c;code = 99
char = u;code = 117
char = l;code = 108
char = e;code = 101
char = s;code = 115
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = n;code = 110
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = s;code = 115
char = u;code = 117
char = b;code = 98
char = s;code = 115
char = e;code = 101
char = q;code = 113
char = u;code = 117
char = e;code = 101
char = n;code = 110
char = t;code = 116
char = ;code = 32
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = d;code = 100
char = u;code = 117
char = c;code = 99
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = o;code = 111
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = v;code = 118
char = a;code = 97
char = i;code = 105
char = l;code = 108
char = a;code = 97
char = b;code = 98
char = i;code = 105
char = l;code = 108
char = i;code = 105
char = t;code = 116
char = y;code = 121
char = ;code = 32
char = o;code = 111
char = f;code = 102
char = ;code = 32
char = p;code = 112
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = s;code = 115
char = e;code = 101
char = r;code = 114
char = v;code = 118
char = a;code = 97
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = v;code = 118
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
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char = p;code = 112
char = e;code = 101
char = a;code = 97
char = r;code = 114
char = s;code = 115
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = o;code = 111
char = ;code = 32
char = b;code = 98
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = p;code = 112
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = d;code = 100
char = o;code = 111
char = m;code = 109
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = a;code = 97
char = n;code = 110
char = t;code = 116
char = ;code = 32
char = m;code = 109
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result sql = Antibacterial activity of methyl-p-hydroxybenzoate against Ps. aeruginosa was evaluated in the presence of varying concentrations of acacia, tragacanth, sodium alginate, guar gum and carrageenin. All these hydrocolloids reduced the antibacterial activity to varying degrees. Tragacanth and guar gum inhibited the activity to a greater extent than acacia, sodium alginate and carrageenin. Hydrocolloids reduce the antibacterial activity of preservatives in two ways. Interaction of the preservative with hydrophilic macromolecules and subsequent reduction in the availability of preservative appears to be the predominant mechanism by which tragacanth and guar gum reduce the activity of methyl-p-hydroxybenzoate. Acacia, sodium alginate and carrageenin apparently act by offering physical protection to microbial cells from the action of the preservative. It is also probable that these hydrocolloids provide more favourable media for microbial growth thereby increasing the preservative requirement for adequate preservation.
Publication: Pharm Acta Helv 1992 ;67(11)::301-7.
Publication Date: 1992
Study Author(s): Kurup, T R;Wan, L S;Chan, L W;
Institution: Department of Pharmacy, National University of Singapore.
Shortcut link to this study:
Publication Date: 1992
Study Author(s): Kurup, T R;Wan, L S;Chan, L W;
Institution: Department of Pharmacy, National University of Singapore.
Shortcut link to this study:
Antibacterial activity of methyl-p-hydroxybenzoate against Ps. aeruginosa was evaluated in the presence of varying concentrations of acacia, tragacanth, sodium alginate, guar gum and carrageenin. All these hydrocolloids reduced the antibacterial activity to varying degrees. Tragacanth and guar gum inhibited the activity to a greater extent than acacia, sodium alginate and carrageenin. Hydrocolloids reduce the antibacterial activity of preservatives in two ways. Interaction of the preservative with hydrophilic macromolecules and subsequent reduction in the availability of preservative appears to be the predominant mechanism by which tragacanth and guar gum reduce the activity of methyl-p-hydroxybenzoate. Acacia, sodium alginate and carrageenin apparently act by offering physical protection to microbial cells from the action of the preservative. It is also probable that these hydrocolloids provide more favourable media for microbial growth thereby increasing the preservative requirement for adequate preservation.
PMID: 1470635
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