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char = m;code = 109
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char = 5;code = 53
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char = d;code = 100
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char = l;code = 108
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char = o;code = 111
char = x;code = 120
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char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
char = B;code = 66
char = (;code = 40
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char = );code = 41
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = c;code = 99
char = r;code = 114
char = o;code = 111
char = s;code = 115
char = s;code = 115
char = ;code = 32
char = C;code = 67
char = a;code = 97
char = c;code = 99
char = o;code = 111
char = -;code = 45
char = 2;code = 50
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char = c;code = 99
char = e;code = 101
char = l;code = 108
char = l;code = 108
char = ;code = 32
char = m;code = 109
char = o;code = 111
char = n;code = 110
char = o;code = 111
char = l;code = 108
char = a;code = 97
char = y;code = 121
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char = r;code = 114
char = s;code = 115
char = .;code = 46
result sql = Effects of chlorophyllin on transport of dibenzo(a, l)pyrene, 2-amino-1-methyl-6-phenylimidazo-[4,5-b]pyridine, and aflatoxin B(1) across Caco-2 cell monolayers.
Effects of chlorophyllin on transport of dibenzo(a, l)pyrene, 2-amino-1-methyl-6-phenylimidazo-[4,5-b]pyridine, and aflatoxin B(1) across Caco-2 cell monolayers.
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char = l;code = 108
char = l;code = 108
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char = ;code = 32
char = (;code = 40
char = C;code = 67
char = H;code = 72
char = L;code = 76
char = );code = 41
char = ;code = 32
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char = ;code = 32
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char = f;code = 102
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char = L;code = 76
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char = B;code = 66
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char = c;code = 99
char = r;code = 114
char = o;code = 111
char = M;code = 77
char = ;code = 32
char = C;code = 67
char = H;code = 72
char = L;code = 76
char = .;code = 46
char = ;code = 32
char = N;code = 78
char = o;code = 111
char = ;code = 32
char = s;code = 115
char = i;code = 105
char = g;code = 103
char = n;code = 110
char = i;code = 105
char = f;code = 102
char = i;code = 105
char = c;code = 99
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char = d;code = 100
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char = f;code = 102
char = f;code = 102
char = e;code = 101
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char = e;code = 101
char = n;code = 110
char = c;code = 99
char = e;code = 101
char = s;code = 115
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char = w;code = 119
char = e;code = 101
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
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char = r;code = 114
char = v;code = 118
char = e;code = 101
char = d;code = 100
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char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
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char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = e;code = 101
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char = p;code = 112
char = e;code = 101
char = r;code = 114
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char = a;code = 97
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char = l;code = 108
char = i;code = 105
char = t;code = 116
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char = P;code = 80
char = (;code = 40
char = e;code = 101
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char = );code = 41
char = ;code = 32
char = o;code = 111
char = f;code = 102
char = ;code = 32
char = D;code = 68
char = B;code = 66
char = P;code = 80
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = n;code = 110
char = d;code = 100
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char = A;code = 65
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char = B;code = 66
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char = 1;code = 49
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char = r;code = 114
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char = m;code = 109
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char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = e;code = 101
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char = b;code = 98
char = a;code = 97
char = s;code = 115
char = o;code = 111
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char = a;code = 97
char = t;code = 116
char = e;code = 101
char = r;code = 114
char = a;code = 97
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char = o;code = 111
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char = a;code = 97
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char = i;code = 105
char = c;code = 99
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char = B;code = 66
char = L;code = 76
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char = -;code = 45
char = >;code = 62
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char = A;code = 65
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char = ;code = 32
char = c;code = 99
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char = a;code = 97
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char = e;code = 101
char = d;code = 100
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char = t;code = 116
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char = a;code = 97
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char = i;code = 105
char = c;code = 99
char = a;code = 97
char = l;code = 108
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char = o;code = 111
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char = b;code = 98
char = a;code = 97
char = s;code = 115
char = o;code = 111
char = l;code = 108
char = a;code = 97
char = t;code = 116
char = e;code = 101
char = r;code = 114
char = a;code = 97
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char = ;code = 32
char = (;code = 40
char = A;code = 65
char = P;code = 80
char = ;code = 32
char = -;code = 45
char = -;code = 45
char = >;code = 62
char = ;code = 32
char = B;code = 66
char = L;code = 76
char = );code = 41
char = ;code = 32
char = c;code = 99
char = o;code = 111
char = m;code = 109
char = p;code = 112
char = a;code = 97
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char = m;code = 109
char = e;code = 101
char = n;code = 110
char = t;code = 116
char = s;code = 115
char = ;code = 32
char = f;code = 102
char = o;code = 111
char = r;code = 114
char = ;code = 32
char = D;code = 68
char = B;code = 66
char = P;code = 80
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = n;code = 110
char = d;code = 100
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char = A;code = 65
char = F;code = 70
char = B;code = 66
char = (;code = 40
char = 1;code = 49
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char = ,;code = 44
char = ;code = 32
char = h;code = 104
char = o;code = 111
char = w;code = 119
char = e;code = 101
char = v;code = 118
char = e;code = 101
char = r;code = 114
char = ,;code = 44
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = P;code = 80
char = (;code = 40
char = e;code = 101
char = );code = 41
char = ;code = 32
char = o;code = 111
char = f;code = 102
char = ;code = 32
char = P;code = 80
char = h;code = 104
char = I;code = 73
char = P;code = 80
char = ;code = 32
char = f;code = 102
char = r;code = 114
char = o;code = 111
char = m;code = 109
char = ;code = 32
char = B;code = 66
char = L;code = 76
char = ;code = 32
char = -;code = 45
char = -;code = 45
char = >;code = 62
char = ;code = 32
char = A;code = 65
char = P;code = 80
char = ,;code = 44
char = ;code = 32
char = 1;code = 49
char = .;code = 46
char = 2;code = 50
char = 6;code = 54
char = ;code = 32
char = x;code = 120
char = ;code = 32
char = 1;code = 49
char = 0;code = 48
char = (;code = 40
char = 5;code = 53
char = );code = 41
char = ;code = 32
char = +;code = 43
char = /;code = 47
char = -;code = 45
char = ;code = 32
char = 2;code = 50
char = .;code = 46
char = 1;code = 49
char = 0;code = 48
char = ;code = 32
char = x;code = 120
char = ;code = 32
char = 1;code = 49
char = 0;code = 48
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char = 6;code = 54
char = );code = 41
char = ;code = 32
char = c;code = 99
char = m;code = 109
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char = s;code = 115
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char = ;code = 32
char = w;code = 119
char = a;code = 97
char = s;code = 115
char = ;code = 32
char = s;code = 115
char = i;code = 105
char = g;code = 103
char = n;code = 110
char = i;code = 105
char = f;code = 102
char = i;code = 105
char = c;code = 99
char = a;code = 97
char = n;code = 110
char = t;code = 116
char = l;code = 108
char = y;code = 121
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char = h;code = 104
char = i;code = 105
char = g;code = 103
char = h;code = 104
char = e;code = 101
char = r;code = 114
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = a;code = 97
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
char = A;code = 65
char = P;code = 80
char = ;code = 32
char = -;code = 45
char = -;code = 45
char = >;code = 62
char = ;code = 32
char = B;code = 66
char = L;code = 76
char = ,;code = 44
char = ;code = 32
char = 5;code = 53
char = .;code = 46
char = 8;code = 56
char = 3;code = 51
char = ;code = 32
char = x;code = 120
char = ;code = 32
char = 1;code = 49
char = 0;code = 48
char = (;code = 40
char = 6;code = 54
char = );code = 41
char = ;code = 32
char = +;code = 43
char = /;code = 47
char = -;code = 45
char = ;code = 32
char = 7;code = 55
char = .;code = 46
char = 5;code = 53
char = 6;code = 54
char = ;code = 32
char = x;code = 120
char = ;code = 32
char = 1;code = 49
char = 0;code = 48
char = (;code = 40
char = 7;code = 55
char = );code = 41
char = ;code = 32
char = c;code = 99
char = m;code = 109
char = /;code = 47
char = s;code = 115
char = ,;code = 44
char = ;code = 32
char = (;code = 40
char = P;code = 80
char = <;code = 60
char = 0;code = 48
char = .;code = 46
char = 0;code = 48
char = 0;code = 48
char = 1;code = 49
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char = ;code = 32
char = s;code = 115
char = u;code = 117
char = g;code = 103
char = g;code = 103
char = e;code = 101
char = s;code = 115
char = t;code = 116
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char = n;code = 110
char = g;code = 103
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char = a;code = 97
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char = a;code = 97
char = c;code = 99
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = v;code = 118
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char = e;code = 101
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char = f;code = 102
char = l;code = 108
char = u;code = 117
char = x;code = 120
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char = p;code = 112
char = a;code = 97
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = w;code = 119
char = a;code = 97
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char = ;code = 32
char = T;code = 84
char = r;code = 114
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char = n;code = 110
char = s;code = 115
char = p;code = 112
char = o;code = 111
char = r;code = 114
char = t;code = 116
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char = o;code = 111
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char = ;code = 32
char = D;code = 68
char = B;code = 66
char = P;code = 80
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char = f;code = 102
char = r;code = 114
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char = m;code = 109
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char = A;code = 65
char = P;code = 80
char = ;code = 32
char = -;code = 45
char = -;code = 45
char = >;code = 62
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char = B;code = 66
char = L;code = 76
char = ;code = 32
char = c;code = 99
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char = p;code = 112
char = a;code = 97
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char = w;code = 119
char = a;code = 97
char = s;code = 115
char = ;code = 32
char = s;code = 115
char = i;code = 105
char = g;code = 103
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char = f;code = 102
char = i;code = 105
char = c;code = 99
char = a;code = 97
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char = t;code = 116
char = l;code = 108
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char = u;code = 117
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char = e;code = 101
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char = a;code = 97
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char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
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char = l;code = 108
char = ;code = 32
char = C;code = 67
char = H;code = 72
char = L;code = 76
char = ;code = 32
char = c;code = 99
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char = c;code = 99
char = e;code = 101
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char = a;code = 97
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char = i;code = 105
char = o;code = 111
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char = s;code = 115
char = ;code = 32
char = (;code = 40
char = P;code = 80
char = <;code = 60
char = 0;code = 48
char = .;code = 46
char = 0;code = 48
char = 5;code = 53
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char = .;code = 46
char = ;code = 32
char = A;code = 65
char = P;code = 80
char = ;code = 32
char = -;code = 45
char = -;code = 45
char = >;code = 62
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char = B;code = 66
char = L;code = 76
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char = t;code = 116
char = r;code = 114
char = a;code = 97
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char = s;code = 115
char = p;code = 112
char = o;code = 111
char = r;code = 114
char = t;code = 116
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char = o;code = 111
char = f;code = 102
char = ;code = 32
char = A;code = 65
char = F;code = 70
char = B;code = 66
char = (;code = 40
char = 1;code = 49
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char = ;code = 32
char = w;code = 119
char = a;code = 97
char = s;code = 115
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char = f;code = 102
char = i;code = 105
char = c;code = 99
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char = t;code = 116
char = l;code = 108
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char = e;code = 101
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char = e;code = 101
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char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = e;code = 101
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char = a;code = 97
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char = d;code = 100
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char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = o;code = 111
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char = o;code = 111
char = f;code = 102
char = ;code = 32
char = 1;code = 49
char = 0;code = 48
char = 0;code = 48
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char = m;code = 109
char = i;code = 105
char = c;code = 99
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char = M;code = 77
char = ;code = 32
char = C;code = 67
char = H;code = 72
char = L;code = 76
char = ;code = 32
char = (;code = 40
char = P;code = 80
char = <;code = 60
char = 0;code = 48
char = .;code = 46
char = 0;code = 48
char = 5;code = 53
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char = ;code = 32
char = w;code = 119
char = h;code = 104
char = i;code = 105
char = l;code = 108
char = e;code = 101
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char = m;code = 109
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char = c;code = 99
char = r;code = 114
char = o;code = 111
char = M;code = 77
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char = o;code = 111
char = r;code = 114
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char = 1;code = 49
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char = ;code = 32
char = m;code = 109
char = i;code = 105
char = c;code = 99
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char = C;code = 67
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char = L;code = 76
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char = a;code = 97
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char = f;code = 102
char = e;code = 101
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char = D;code = 68
char = B;code = 66
char = P;code = 80
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char = H;code = 72
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char = A;code = 65
char = F;code = 70
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char = f;code = 102
char = f;code = 102
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char = A;code = 65
char = P;code = 80
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char = -;code = 45
char = >;code = 62
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char = t;code = 116
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char = o;code = 111
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char = P;code = 80
char = h;code = 104
char = I;code = 73
char = P;code = 80
char = ,;code = 44
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char = w;code = 119
char = h;code = 104
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char = e;code = 101
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char = f;code = 102
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char = C;code = 67
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char = L;code = 76
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char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = a;code = 97
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char = A;code = 65
char = F;code = 70
char = B;code = 66
char = (;code = 40
char = 1;code = 49
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char = ;code = 32
char = o;code = 111
char = r;code = 114
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char = D;code = 68
char = B;code = 66
char = P;code = 80
char = ,;code = 44
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char = w;code = 119
char = a;code = 97
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char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = e;code = 101
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char = ;code = 32
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char = n;code = 110
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char = ;code = 32
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char = t;code = 116
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char = c;code = 99
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char = n;code = 110
char = i;code = 105
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char = ;code = 32
char = o;code = 111
char = f;code = 102
char = ;code = 32
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char = ;code = 32
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char = ;code = 32
char = c;code = 99
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char = e;code = 101
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char = t;code = 116
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char = v;code = 118
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result sql = Chlorophyllin (CHL) is a sodium copper derivative of chlorophyll that is capable of forming strong non-covalent complexes with several known carcinogens. Antimutagenic and anticarcinogenic effects, including reduced DNA adduct and tumor formation have been demonstrated for CHL against aflatoxin B(1) (AFB(1)), dibenzo(a,l)pyrene (DBP) and 2-amino-1-methyl-6-phenylimidazo-[4,5-b]pyridine (PhIP). Alterations in uptake and/or metabolism of planar molecules with at least partial ring structure have been proposed as mechanisms of action for CHL chemoprevention. The Caco-2 cell model of intestinal epithelial transport was used to evaluate the absorption of 1 microM DBP, AFB(1) and PhIP across cell monolayers in the presence of 0, 1, 10, and 100 microM CHL. No significant differences were observed in the permeability (P(e)) of DBP and AFB(1) from the basolateral-to-apical (BL --> AP) compared to apical-to-basolateral (AP --> BL) compartments for DBP and AFB(1), however, the P(e) of PhIP from BL --> AP, 1.26 x 10(5) +/- 2.10 x 10(6) cm/s, was significantly higher than AP --> BL, 5.83 x 10(6) +/- 7.56 x 10(7) cm/s, (P<0.001) suggesting an active efflux pathway. Transport of DBP from AP --> BL compartments was significantly reduced at all CHL concentrations (P<0.05). AP --> BL transport of AFB(1) was significantly reduced by the addition of 100 microM CHL (P<0.05) while 1 microM or 10 microM CHL had no effect. Complexation studies revealed a higher binding affinity (K(b)) for DBP to CHL compared to AFB(1) to CHL in transport buffer. AP --> BL transport of PhIP, which has a lower binding affinity for CHL than AFB(1) or DBP, was not significantly altered by the addition of CHL. These data suggest that the transport of AFB(1) and DBP can be inhibited by CHL, which supports a model of direct binding in the intestinal tract of CHL to these carcinogens with resultant reduction of bioavailability as one mechanism of action as a cancer chemopreventive agent.

Publication: Toxicology 2004 Mar 1 ;196(1-2)::117-25.
Publication Date: 2004 Mar 1
Study Author(s): Mata, John E;Yu, Zhen;Gray, John E;Williams, David E;Rodriguez-Proteau, Rosita;
Institution: Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA. [email protected]
Shortcut link to this study:
Chlorophyllin (CHL) is a sodium copper derivative of chlorophyll that is capable of forming strong non-covalent complexes with several known carcinogens. Antimutagenic and anticarcinogenic effects, including reduced DNA adduct and tumor formation have been demonstrated for CHL against aflatoxin B(1) (AFB(1)), dibenzo(a,l)pyrene (DBP) and 2-amino-1-methyl-6-phenylimidazo-[4,5-b]pyridine (PhIP). Alterations in uptake and/or metabolism of planar molecules with at least partial ring structure have been proposed as mechanisms of action for CHL chemoprevention. The Caco-2 cell model of intestinal epithelial transport was used to evaluate the absorption of 1 microM DBP, AFB(1) and PhIP across cell monolayers in the presence of 0, 1, 10, and 100 microM CHL. No significant differences were observed in the permeability (P(e)) of DBP and AFB(1) from the basolateral-to-apical (BL --> AP) compared to apical-to-basolateral (AP --> BL) compartments for DBP and AFB(1), however, the P(e) of PhIP from BL --> AP, 1.26 x 10(5) +/- 2.10 x 10(6) cm/s, was significantly higher than AP --> BL, 5.83 x 10(6) +/- 7.56 x 10(7) cm/s, (P<0.001) suggesting an active efflux pathway. Transport of DBP from AP --> BL compartments was significantly reduced at all CHL concentrations (P<0.05). AP --> BL transport of AFB(1) was significantly reduced by the addition of 100 microM CHL (P<0.05) while 1 microM or 10 microM CHL had no effect. Complexation studies revealed a higher binding affinity (K(b)) for DBP to CHL compared to AFB(1) to CHL in transport buffer. AP --> BL transport of PhIP, which has a lower binding affinity for CHL than AFB(1) or DBP, was not significantly altered by the addition of CHL. These data suggest that the transport of AFB(1) and DBP can be inhibited by CHL, which supports a model of direct binding in the intestinal tract of CHL to these carcinogens with resultant reduction of bioavailability as one mechanism of action as a cancer chemopreventive agent.
PMID: 15036761

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