|
|
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result sql = Antibacterial activities of naturally occurring compounds against antibiotic-resistant Bacillus cereus vegetative cells and spores, Escherichia coli, and Staphylococcus aureus.
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char = T;code = 84
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char = P;code = 80
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char = E;code = 69
char = R;code = 82
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char = ;code = 32
char = <;code = 60
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char = b;code = 98
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char = ;code = 32
char = o;code = 111
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = g;code = 103
char = a;code = 97
char = n;code = 110
char = o;code = 111
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char = o;code = 111
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char = l;code = 108
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char = h;code = 104
char = y;code = 121
char = m;code = 109
char = e;code = 101
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char = o;code = 111
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char = l;code = 108
char = ;code = 32
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char = p;code = 112
char = r;code = 114
char = o;code = 111
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char = a;code = 97
char = c;code = 99
char = r;code = 114
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char = ;code = 32
char = >;code = 62
char = ;code = 32
char = c;code = 99
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char = n;code = 110
char = a;code = 97
char = m;code = 109
char = o;code = 111
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
char = o;code = 111
char = i;code = 105
char = l;code = 108
char = ;code = 32
char = >;code = 62
char = ;code = 32
char = p;code = 112
char = e;code = 101
char = r;code = 114
char = i;code = 105
char = l;code = 108
char = l;code = 108
char = a;code = 97
char = l;code = 108
char = d;code = 100
char = e;code = 101
char = h;code = 104
char = y;code = 121
char = d;code = 100
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = >;code = 62
char = ;code = 32
char = d;code = 100
char = o;code = 111
char = p;code = 112
char = a;code = 97
char = m;code = 109
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = >;code = 62
char = ;code = 32
char = b;code = 98
char = e;code = 101
char = t;code = 116
char = a;code = 97
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char = s;code = 115
char = o;code = 111
char = r;code = 114
char = c;code = 99
char = y;code = 121
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char = c;code = 99
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char = a;code = 97
char = c;code = 99
char = i;code = 105
char = d;code = 100
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char = ;code = 32
char = <;code = 60
char = b;code = 98
char = r;code = 114
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char = >;code = 62
char = <;code = 60
char = b;code = 98
char = r;code = 114
char = /;code = 47
char = >;code = 62
char = <;code = 60
char = b;code = 98
char = >;code = 62
char = T;code = 84
char = H;code = 72
char = E;code = 69
char = ;code = 32
char = O;code = 79
char = R;code = 82
char = D;code = 68
char = E;code = 69
char = R;code = 82
char = ;code = 32
char = O;code = 79
char = F;code = 70
char = ;code = 32
char = S;code = 83
char = U;code = 85
char = S;code = 83
char = C;code = 67
char = E;code = 69
char = P;code = 80
char = T;code = 84
char = I;code = 73
char = B;code = 66
char = I;code = 73
char = L;code = 76
char = I;code = 73
char = T;code = 84
char = I;code = 73
char = E;code = 69
char = S;code = 83
char = ;code = 32
char = O;code = 79
char = F;code = 70
char = ;code = 32
char = T;code = 84
char = H;code = 72
char = E;code = 69
char = ;code = 32
char = P;code = 80
char = A;code = 65
char = T;code = 84
char = H;code = 72
char = O;code = 79
char = G;code = 71
char = E;code = 69
char = N;code = 78
char = S;code = 83
char = ;code = 32
char = T;code = 84
char = O;code = 79
char = ;code = 32
char = I;code = 73
char = N;code = 78
char = A;code = 65
char = C;code = 67
char = T;code = 84
char = I;code = 73
char = V;code = 86
char = A;code = 65
char = T;code = 84
char = I;code = 73
char = O;code = 79
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char = ;code = 32
char = W;code = 87
char = A;code = 65
char = S;code = 83
char = ;code = 32
char = A;code = 65
char = S;code = 83
char = ;code = 32
char = F;code = 70
char = O;code = 79
char = L;code = 76
char = L;code = 76
char = O;code = 79
char = W;code = 87
char = S;code = 83
char = :;code = 58
char = ;code = 32
char = <;code = 60
char = /;code = 47
char = b;code = 98
char = >;code = 62
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char = B;code = 66
char = .;code = 46
char = ;code = 32
char = c;code = 99
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char = (;code = 40
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char = e;code = 101
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char = S;code = 83
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char = p;code = 112
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char = f;code = 102
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char = a;code = 97
char = n;code = 110
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char = i;code = 105
char = b;code = 98
char = i;code = 105
char = o;code = 111
char = t;code = 116
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char = s;code = 115
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char = n;code = 110
char = t;code = 116
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char = a;code = 97
char = c;code = 99
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char = e;code = 101
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char = a;code = 97
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char = i;code = 105
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char = o;code = 111
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char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
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char = e;code = 101
char = e;code = 101
char = d;code = 100
char = s;code = 115
char = .;code = 46
char = <;code = 60
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char = r;code = 114
char = /;code = 47
char = >;code = 62
result sql = After demonstrating the lack of effectiveness of standard antibiotics against the acquired antibiotic resistance of Bacillus cereus (NCTC 10989), Escherichia coli (NCTC 1186), and Staphylococcus aureus (ATCC 12715), we showed that the following natural substances were antibacterial against these resistant pathogens: cinnamon oil, oregano oil, thyme oil, carvacrol, (S)-perillaldehyde, 3,4-dihydroxybenzoic acid (beta-resorcylic acid), and 3,4-dihydroxyphenethylamine (dopamine). Exposure of the three pathogens to a dilution series of the test compounds showed that oregano oil was the most active substance. The oils and pure compounds exhibited exceptional activity against B. cereus vegetative cells, with oregano oil being active at nanogram per milliliter levels. In contrast, activities against B. cereus spores were very low. ACTIVITIES OF THE TEST COMPOUNDS WERE IN THE FOLLOWING APPROXIMATE ORDER: oregano oil > thyme oil approximately carvacrol > cinnamon oil > perillaldehyde > dopamine > beta-resorcylic acid.
THE ORDER OF SUSCEPTIBILITIES OF THE PATHOGENS TO INACTIVATION WAS AS FOLLOWS: B. cereus (vegetative) > S. aureus approximately E. coli > B. cereus (spores). Some of the test substances may be effective against antibiotic-resistant bacteria in foods and feeds.
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char = i;code = 105
char = a;code = 97
char = l;code = 108
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = c;code = 99
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = v;code = 118
char = i;code = 105
char = t;code = 116
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char = e;code = 101
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char = o;code = 111
char = f;code = 102
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char = n;code = 110
char = a;code = 97
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char = u;code = 117
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char = a;code = 97
char = l;code = 108
char = l;code = 108
char = y;code = 121
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char = o;code = 111
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char = c;code = 99
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char = r;code = 114
char = i;code = 105
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char = i;code = 105
char = v;code = 118
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char = c;code = 99
char = e;code = 101
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char = l;code = 108
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char = a;code = 97
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char = o;code = 111
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char = c;code = 99
char = h;code = 104
char = e;code = 101
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char = c;code = 99
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char = c;code = 99
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char = a;code = 97
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char = d;code = 100
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char = S;code = 83
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char = a;code = 97
char = p;code = 112
char = h;code = 104
char = y;code = 121
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char = o;code = 111
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char = o;code = 111
char = c;code = 99
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char = s;code = 115
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = u;code = 117
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = u;code = 117
char = s;code = 115
char = .;code = 46
result sql = Antibacterial activities of naturally occurring compounds against antibiotic-resistant Bacillus cereus vegetative cells and spores, Escherichia coli, and Staphylococcus aureus.
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char = ;code = 32
char = (;code = 40
char = N;code = 78
char = C;code = 67
char = T;code = 84
char = C;code = 67
char = ;code = 32
char = 1;code = 49
char = 0;code = 48
char = 9;code = 57
char = 8;code = 56
char = 9;code = 57
char = );code = 41
char = ,;code = 44
char = ;code = 32
char = E;code = 69
char = s;code = 115
char = c;code = 99
char = h;code = 104
char = e;code = 101
char = r;code = 114
char = i;code = 105
char = c;code = 99
char = h;code = 104
char = i;code = 105
char = a;code = 97
char = ;code = 32
char = c;code = 99
char = o;code = 111
char = l;code = 108
char = i;code = 105
char = ;code = 32
char = (;code = 40
char = N;code = 78
char = C;code = 67
char = T;code = 84
char = C;code = 67
char = ;code = 32
char = 1;code = 49
char = 1;code = 49
char = 8;code = 56
char = 6;code = 54
char = );code = 41
char = ,;code = 44
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = n;code = 110
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = S;code = 83
char = t;code = 116
char = a;code = 97
char = p;code = 112
char = h;code = 104
char = y;code = 121
char = l;code = 108
char = o;code = 111
char = c;code = 99
char = o;code = 111
char = c;code = 99
char = c;code = 99
char = u;code = 117
char = s;code = 115
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = u;code = 117
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = u;code = 117
char = s;code = 115
char = ;code = 32
char = (;code = 40
char = A;code = 65
char = T;code = 84
char = C;code = 67
char = C;code = 67
char = ;code = 32
char = 1;code = 49
char = 2;code = 50
char = 7;code = 55
char = 1;code = 49
char = 5;code = 53
char = );code = 41
char = ,;code = 44
char = ;code = 32
char = w;code = 119
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = s;code = 115
char = h;code = 104
char = o;code = 111
char = w;code = 119
char = e;code = 101
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = a;code = 97
char = t;code = 116
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = f;code = 102
char = o;code = 111
char = l;code = 108
char = l;code = 108
char = o;code = 111
char = w;code = 119
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = g;code = 103
char = ;code = 32
char = n;code = 110
char = a;code = 97
char = t;code = 116
char = u;code = 117
char = r;code = 114
char = a;code = 97
char = l;code = 108
char = ;code = 32
char = s;code = 115
char = u;code = 117
char = b;code = 98
char = s;code = 115
char = t;code = 116
char = a;code = 97
char = n;code = 110
char = c;code = 99
char = e;code = 101
char = s;code = 115
char = ;code = 32
char = w;code = 119
char = e;code = 101
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = n;code = 110
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = b;code = 98
char = a;code = 97
char = c;code = 99
char = t;code = 116
char = e;code = 101
char = r;code = 114
char = i;code = 105
char = a;code = 97
char = l;code = 108
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = g;code = 103
char = a;code = 97
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = s;code = 115
char = t;code = 116
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = e;code = 101
char = s;code = 115
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = s;code = 115
char = i;code = 105
char = s;code = 115
char = t;code = 116
char = a;code = 97
char = n;code = 110
char = t;code = 116
char = ;code = 32
char = p;code = 112
char = a;code = 97
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = o;code = 111
char = g;code = 103
char = e;code = 101
char = n;code = 110
char = s;code = 115
char = :;code = 58
char = ;code = 32
char = c;code = 99
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = n;code = 110
char = a;code = 97
char = m;code = 109
char = o;code = 111
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
char = o;code = 111
char = i;code = 105
char = l;code = 108
char = ,;code = 44
char = ;code = 32
char = o;code = 111
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = g;code = 103
char = a;code = 97
char = n;code = 110
char = o;code = 111
char = ;code = 32
char = o;code = 111
char = i;code = 105
char = l;code = 108
char = ,;code = 44
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = y;code = 121
char = m;code = 109
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = o;code = 111
char = i;code = 105
char = l;code = 108
char = ,;code = 44
char = ;code = 32
char = c;code = 99
char = a;code = 97
char = r;code = 114
char = v;code = 118
char = a;code = 97
char = c;code = 99
char = r;code = 114
char = o;code = 111
char = l;code = 108
char = ,;code = 44
char = ;code = 32
char = (;code = 40
char = S;code = 83
char = );code = 41
char = -;code = 45
char = p;code = 112
char = e;code = 101
char = r;code = 114
char = i;code = 105
char = l;code = 108
char = l;code = 108
char = a;code = 97
char = l;code = 108
char = d;code = 100
char = e;code = 101
char = h;code = 104
char = y;code = 121
char = d;code = 100
char = e;code = 101
char = ,;code = 44
char = ;code = 32
char = 3;code = 51
char = ,;code = 44
char = 4;code = 52
char = -;code = 45
char = d;code = 100
char = i;code = 105
char = h;code = 104
char = y;code = 121
char = d;code = 100
char = r;code = 114
char = o;code = 111
char = x;code = 120
char = y;code = 121
char = b;code = 98
char = e;code = 101
char = n;code = 110
char = z;code = 122
char = o;code = 111
char = i;code = 105
char = c;code = 99
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = c;code = 99
char = i;code = 105
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = (;code = 40
char = b;code = 98
char = e;code = 101
char = t;code = 116
char = a;code = 97
char = -;code = 45
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = s;code = 115
char = o;code = 111
char = r;code = 114
char = c;code = 99
char = y;code = 121
char = l;code = 108
char = i;code = 105
char = c;code = 99
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = c;code = 99
char = i;code = 105
char = d;code = 100
char = );code = 41
char = ,;code = 44
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = n;code = 110
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = 3;code = 51
char = ,;code = 44
char = 4;code = 52
char = -;code = 45
char = d;code = 100
char = i;code = 105
char = h;code = 104
char = y;code = 121
char = d;code = 100
char = r;code = 114
char = o;code = 111
char = x;code = 120
char = y;code = 121
char = p;code = 112
char = h;code = 104
char = e;code = 101
char = n;code = 110
char = e;code = 101
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = y;code = 121
char = l;code = 108
char = a;code = 97
char = m;code = 109
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = (;code = 40
char = d;code = 100
char = o;code = 111
char = p;code = 112
char = a;code = 97
char = m;code = 109
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = e;code = 101
char = );code = 41
char = .;code = 46
char = ;code = 32
char = E;code = 69
char = x;code = 120
char = p;code = 112
char = o;code = 111
char = s;code = 115
char = u;code = 117
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = o;code = 111
char = f;code = 102
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = p;code = 112
char = a;code = 97
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = o;code = 111
char = g;code = 103
char = e;code = 101
char = n;code = 110
char = s;code = 115
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = o;code = 111
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = ;code = 32
char = d;code = 100
char = i;code = 105
char = l;code = 108
char = u;code = 117
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = o;code = 111
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
char = s;code = 115
char = e;code = 101
char = r;code = 114
char = i;code = 105
char = e;code = 101
char = s;code = 115
char = ;code = 32
char = o;code = 111
char = f;code = 102
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = e;code = 101
char = s;code = 115
char = t;code = 116
char = ;code = 32
char = c;code = 99
char = o;code = 111
char = m;code = 109
char = p;code = 112
char = o;code = 111
char = u;code = 117
char = n;code = 110
char = d;code = 100
char = s;code = 115
char = ;code = 32
char = s;code = 115
char = h;code = 104
char = o;code = 111
char = w;code = 119
char = e;code = 101
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = a;code = 97
char = t;code = 116
char = ;code = 32
char = o;code = 111
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = g;code = 103
char = a;code = 97
char = n;code = 110
char = o;code = 111
char = ;code = 32
char = o;code = 111
char = i;code = 105
char = l;code = 108
char = ;code = 32
char = w;code = 119
char = a;code = 97
char = s;code = 115
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = m;code = 109
char = o;code = 111
char = s;code = 115
char = t;code = 116
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = c;code = 99
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = v;code = 118
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = s;code = 115
char = u;code = 117
char = b;code = 98
char = s;code = 115
char = t;code = 116
char = a;code = 97
char = n;code = 110
char = c;code = 99
char = e;code = 101
char = .;code = 46
char = ;code = 32
char = T;code = 84
char = h;code = 104
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = o;code = 111
char = i;code = 105
char = l;code = 108
char = s;code = 115
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = n;code = 110
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = p;code = 112
char = u;code = 117
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = c;code = 99
char = o;code = 111
char = m;code = 109
char = p;code = 112
char = o;code = 111
char = u;code = 117
char = n;code = 110
char = d;code = 100
char = s;code = 115
char = ;code = 32
char = e;code = 101
char = x;code = 120
char = h;code = 104
char = i;code = 105
char = b;code = 98
char = i;code = 105
char = t;code = 116
char = e;code = 101
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = e;code = 101
char = x;code = 120
char = c;code = 99
char = e;code = 101
char = p;code = 112
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = o;code = 111
char = n;code = 110
char = a;code = 97
char = l;code = 108
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = c;code = 99
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = v;code = 118
char = i;code = 105
char = t;code = 116
char = y;code = 121
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = g;code = 103
char = a;code = 97
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = s;code = 115
char = t;code = 116
char = ;code = 32
char = B;code = 66
char = .;code = 46
char = ;code = 32
char = c;code = 99
char = e;code = 101
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = u;code = 117
char = s;code = 115
char = ;code = 32
char = v;code = 118
char = e;code = 101
char = g;code = 103
char = e;code = 101
char = t;code = 116
char = a;code = 97
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = v;code = 118
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = c;code = 99
char = e;code = 101
char = l;code = 108
char = l;code = 108
char = s;code = 115
char = ,;code = 44
char = ;code = 32
char = w;code = 119
char = i;code = 105
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = ;code = 32
char = o;code = 111
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = g;code = 103
char = a;code = 97
char = n;code = 110
char = o;code = 111
char = ;code = 32
char = o;code = 111
char = i;code = 105
char = l;code = 108
char = ;code = 32
char = b;code = 98
char = e;code = 101
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = g;code = 103
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = c;code = 99
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = v;code = 118
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = t;code = 116
char = ;code = 32
char = n;code = 110
char = a;code = 97
char = n;code = 110
char = o;code = 111
char = g;code = 103
char = r;code = 114
char = a;code = 97
char = m;code = 109
char = ;code = 32
char = p;code = 112
char = e;code = 101
char = r;code = 114
char = ;code = 32
char = m;code = 109
char = i;code = 105
char = l;code = 108
char = l;code = 108
char = i;code = 105
char = l;code = 108
char = i;code = 105
char = t;code = 116
char = e;code = 101
char = r;code = 114
char = ;code = 32
char = l;code = 108
char = e;code = 101
char = v;code = 118
char = e;code = 101
char = l;code = 108
char = s;code = 115
char = .;code = 46
char = ;code = 32
char = I;code = 73
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
char = c;code = 99
char = o;code = 111
char = n;code = 110
char = t;code = 116
char = r;code = 114
char = a;code = 97
char = s;code = 115
char = t;code = 116
char = ,;code = 44
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = c;code = 99
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = v;code = 118
char = i;code = 105
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = e;code = 101
char = s;code = 115
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = g;code = 103
char = a;code = 97
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = s;code = 115
char = t;code = 116
char = ;code = 32
char = B;code = 66
char = .;code = 46
char = ;code = 32
char = c;code = 99
char = e;code = 101
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = u;code = 117
char = s;code = 115
char = ;code = 32
char = s;code = 115
char = p;code = 112
char = o;code = 111
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = s;code = 115
char = ;code = 32
char = w;code = 119
char = e;code = 101
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = v;code = 118
char = e;code = 101
char = r;code = 114
char = y;code = 121
char = ;code = 32
char = l;code = 108
char = o;code = 111
char = w;code = 119
char = .;code = 46
char = ;code = 32
char = <;code = 60
char = b;code = 98
char = >;code = 62
char = A;code = 65
char = C;code = 67
char = T;code = 84
char = I;code = 73
char = V;code = 86
char = I;code = 73
char = T;code = 84
char = I;code = 73
char = E;code = 69
char = S;code = 83
char = ;code = 32
char = O;code = 79
char = F;code = 70
char = ;code = 32
char = T;code = 84
char = H;code = 72
char = E;code = 69
char = ;code = 32
char = T;code = 84
char = E;code = 69
char = S;code = 83
char = T;code = 84
char = ;code = 32
char = C;code = 67
char = O;code = 79
char = M;code = 77
char = P;code = 80
char = O;code = 79
char = U;code = 85
char = N;code = 78
char = D;code = 68
char = S;code = 83
char = ;code = 32
char = W;code = 87
char = E;code = 69
char = R;code = 82
char = E;code = 69
char = ;code = 32
char = I;code = 73
char = N;code = 78
char = ;code = 32
char = T;code = 84
char = H;code = 72
char = E;code = 69
char = ;code = 32
char = F;code = 70
char = O;code = 79
char = L;code = 76
char = L;code = 76
char = O;code = 79
char = W;code = 87
char = I;code = 73
char = N;code = 78
char = G;code = 71
char = ;code = 32
char = A;code = 65
char = P;code = 80
char = P;code = 80
char = R;code = 82
char = O;code = 79
char = X;code = 88
char = I;code = 73
char = M;code = 77
char = A;code = 65
char = T;code = 84
char = E;code = 69
char = ;code = 32
char = O;code = 79
char = R;code = 82
char = D;code = 68
char = E;code = 69
char = R;code = 82
char = :;code = 58
char = ;code = 32
char = <;code = 60
char = /;code = 47
char = b;code = 98
char = >;code = 62
char = ;code = 32
char = o;code = 111
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = g;code = 103
char = a;code = 97
char = n;code = 110
char = o;code = 111
char = ;code = 32
char = o;code = 111
char = i;code = 105
char = l;code = 108
char = ;code = 32
char = >;code = 62
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = y;code = 121
char = m;code = 109
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = o;code = 111
char = i;code = 105
char = l;code = 108
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = p;code = 112
char = p;code = 112
char = r;code = 114
char = o;code = 111
char = x;code = 120
char = i;code = 105
char = m;code = 109
char = a;code = 97
char = t;code = 116
char = e;code = 101
char = l;code = 108
char = y;code = 121
char = ;code = 32
char = c;code = 99
char = a;code = 97
char = r;code = 114
char = v;code = 118
char = a;code = 97
char = c;code = 99
char = r;code = 114
char = o;code = 111
char = l;code = 108
char = ;code = 32
char = >;code = 62
char = ;code = 32
char = c;code = 99
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = n;code = 110
char = a;code = 97
char = m;code = 109
char = o;code = 111
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
char = o;code = 111
char = i;code = 105
char = l;code = 108
char = ;code = 32
char = >;code = 62
char = ;code = 32
char = p;code = 112
char = e;code = 101
char = r;code = 114
char = i;code = 105
char = l;code = 108
char = l;code = 108
char = a;code = 97
char = l;code = 108
char = d;code = 100
char = e;code = 101
char = h;code = 104
char = y;code = 121
char = d;code = 100
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = >;code = 62
char = ;code = 32
char = d;code = 100
char = o;code = 111
char = p;code = 112
char = a;code = 97
char = m;code = 109
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = >;code = 62
char = ;code = 32
char = b;code = 98
char = e;code = 101
char = t;code = 116
char = a;code = 97
char = -;code = 45
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = s;code = 115
char = o;code = 111
char = r;code = 114
char = c;code = 99
char = y;code = 121
char = l;code = 108
char = i;code = 105
char = c;code = 99
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = c;code = 99
char = i;code = 105
char = d;code = 100
char = .;code = 46
char = ;code = 32
char = <;code = 60
char = b;code = 98
char = r;code = 114
char = /;code = 47
char = >;code = 62
char = <;code = 60
char = b;code = 98
char = r;code = 114
char = /;code = 47
char = >;code = 62
char = <;code = 60
char = b;code = 98
char = >;code = 62
char = T;code = 84
char = H;code = 72
char = E;code = 69
char = ;code = 32
char = O;code = 79
char = R;code = 82
char = D;code = 68
char = E;code = 69
char = R;code = 82
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result sql = After demonstrating the lack of effectiveness of standard antibiotics against the acquired antibiotic resistance of Bacillus cereus (NCTC 10989), Escherichia coli (NCTC 1186), and Staphylococcus aureus (ATCC 12715), we showed that the following natural substances were antibacterial against these resistant pathogens: cinnamon oil, oregano oil, thyme oil, carvacrol, (S)-perillaldehyde, 3,4-dihydroxybenzoic acid (beta-resorcylic acid), and 3,4-dihydroxyphenethylamine (dopamine). Exposure of the three pathogens to a dilution series of the test compounds showed that oregano oil was the most active substance. The oils and pure compounds exhibited exceptional activity against B. cereus vegetative cells, with oregano oil being active at nanogram per milliliter levels. In contrast, activities against B. cereus spores were very low. ACTIVITIES OF THE TEST COMPOUNDS WERE IN THE FOLLOWING APPROXIMATE ORDER: oregano oil > thyme oil approximately carvacrol > cinnamon oil > perillaldehyde > dopamine > beta-resorcylic acid.
THE ORDER OF SUSCEPTIBILITIES OF THE PATHOGENS TO INACTIVATION WAS AS FOLLOWS: B. cereus (vegetative) > S. aureus approximately E. coli > B. cereus (spores). Some of the test substances may be effective against antibiotic-resistant bacteria in foods and feeds.
Publication: J. Food Prot. 2004 Aug ;67(8)::1774-8.
Publication Date: 2004 Aug
Study Author(s): Friedman, Mendel;Buick, Robert;Elliott, Christopher T;
Institution: Western Regional Research Center, Agricultural Research Service, US Department of Agriculture, Albany, California 94710, USA. [email protected]
Shortcut link to this study:
Publication Date: 2004 Aug
Study Author(s): Friedman, Mendel;Buick, Robert;Elliott, Christopher T;
Institution: Western Regional Research Center, Agricultural Research Service, US Department of Agriculture, Albany, California 94710, USA. [email protected]
Shortcut link to this study:
After demonstrating the lack of effectiveness of standard antibiotics against the acquired antibiotic resistance of Bacillus cereus (NCTC 10989), Escherichia coli (NCTC 1186), and Staphylococcus aureus (ATCC 12715), we showed that the following natural substances were antibacterial against these resistant pathogens: cinnamon oil, oregano oil, thyme oil, carvacrol, (S)-perillaldehyde, 3,4-dihydroxybenzoic acid (beta-resorcylic acid), and 3,4-dihydroxyphenethylamine (dopamine). Exposure of the three pathogens to a dilution series of the test compounds showed that oregano oil was the most active substance. The oils and pure compounds exhibited exceptional activity against B. cereus vegetative cells, with oregano oil being active at nanogram per milliliter levels. In contrast, activities against B. cereus spores were very low. ACTIVITIES OF THE TEST COMPOUNDS WERE IN THE FOLLOWING APPROXIMATE ORDER: oregano oil > thyme oil approximately carvacrol > cinnamon oil > perillaldehyde > dopamine > beta-resorcylic acid.
THE ORDER OF SUSCEPTIBILITIES OF THE PATHOGENS TO INACTIVATION WAS AS FOLLOWS: B. cereus (vegetative) > S. aureus approximately E. coli > B. cereus (spores). Some of the test substances may be effective against antibiotic-resistant bacteria in foods and feeds.
THE ORDER OF SUSCEPTIBILITIES OF THE PATHOGENS TO INACTIVATION WAS AS FOLLOWS: B. cereus (vegetative) > S. aureus approximately E. coli > B. cereus (spores). Some of the test substances may be effective against antibiotic-resistant bacteria in foods and feeds.
PMID: 15330549
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