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char = .;code = 46
result sql = CyberKnife frameless single-fraction stereotactic radiosurgery for benign tumors of the spine.

CyberKnife frameless single-fraction stereotactic radiosurgery for benign tumors of the spine.

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char = l;code = 108
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char = v;code = 118
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char = t;code = 116
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char = s;code = 115
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char = u;code = 117
char = l;code = 108
char = l;code = 108
char = ;code = 32
char = o;code = 111
char = s;code = 115
char = s;code = 115
char = e;code = 101
char = o;code = 111
char = u;code = 117
char = s;code = 115
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char = l;code = 108
char = a;code = 97
char = n;code = 110
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char = m;code = 109
char = a;code = 97
char = r;code = 114
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char = s;code = 115
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char = o;code = 111
char = w;code = 119
char = e;code = 101
char = r;code = 114
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char = s;code = 115
char = p;code = 112
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = a;code = 97
char = l;code = 108
char = ;code = 32
char = l;code = 108
char = e;code = 101
char = s;code = 115
char = i;code = 105
char = o;code = 111
char = n;code = 110
char = s;code = 115
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char = w;code = 119
char = e;code = 101
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = r;code = 114
char = a;code = 97
char = c;code = 99
char = k;code = 107
char = e;code = 101
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = r;code = 114
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char = l;code = 108
char = a;code = 97
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = v;code = 118
char = e;code = 101
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char = t;code = 116
char = o;code = 111
char = ;code = 32
char = p;code = 112
char = e;code = 101
char = r;code = 114
char = c;code = 99
char = u;code = 117
char = t;code = 116
char = a;code = 97
char = n;code = 110
char = e;code = 101
char = o;code = 111
char = u;code = 117
char = s;code = 115
char = l;code = 108
char = y;code = 121
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char = p;code = 112
char = l;code = 108
char = a;code = 97
char = c;code = 99
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char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
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char = d;code = 100
char = u;code = 117
char = c;code = 99
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char = a;code = 97
char = l;code = 108
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char = b;code = 98
char = o;code = 111
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char = e;code = 101
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char = m;code = 109
char = a;code = 97
char = r;code = 114
char = k;code = 107
char = e;code = 101
char = r;code = 114
char = s;code = 115
char = .;code = 46
char = ;code = 32
char = F;code = 70
char = i;code = 105
char = f;code = 102
char = t;code = 116
char = e;code = 101
char = e;code = 101
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
char = p;code = 112
char = a;code = 97
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = e;code = 101
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char = t;code = 116
char = s;code = 115
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char = u;code = 117
char = n;code = 110
char = d;code = 100
char = e;code = 101
char = r;code = 114
char = w;code = 119
char = e;code = 101
char = n;code = 110
char = t;code = 116
char = ;code = 32
char = s;code = 115
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = g;code = 103
char = l;code = 108
char = e;code = 101
char = -;code = 45
char = f;code = 102
char = r;code = 114
char = a;code = 97
char = c;code = 99
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = o;code = 111
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char = ;code = 32
char = r;code = 114
char = a;code = 97
char = d;code = 100
char = i;code = 105
char = o;code = 111
char = s;code = 115
char = u;code = 117
char = r;code = 114
char = g;code = 103
char = e;code = 101
char = r;code = 114
char = y;code = 121
char = ;code = 32
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char = 1;code = 49
char = 2;code = 50
char = ;code = 32
char = c;code = 99
char = e;code = 101
char = r;code = 114
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char = c;code = 99
char = a;code = 97
char = l;code = 108
char = ,;code = 44
char = ;code = 32
char = o;code = 111
char = n;code = 110
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = o;code = 111
char = r;code = 114
char = a;code = 97
char = c;code = 99
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char = c;code = 99
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char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = n;code = 110
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = w;code = 119
char = o;code = 111
char = ;code = 32
char = l;code = 108
char = u;code = 117
char = m;code = 109
char = b;code = 98
char = a;code = 97
char = r;code = 114
char = );code = 41
char = .;code = 46
char = ;code = 32
char = H;code = 72
char = i;code = 105
char = s;code = 115
char = t;code = 116
char = o;code = 111
char = l;code = 108
char = o;code = 111
char = g;code = 103
char = i;code = 105
char = c;code = 99
char = a;code = 97
char = l;code = 108
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = y;code = 121
char = p;code = 112
char = e;code = 101
char = s;code = 115
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char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = c;code = 99
char = l;code = 108
char = u;code = 117
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char = e;code = 101
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = n;code = 110
char = e;code = 101
char = u;code = 117
char = r;code = 114
char = o;code = 111
char = f;code = 102
char = i;code = 105
char = b;code = 98
char = r;code = 114
char = o;code = 111
char = m;code = 109
char = a;code = 97
char = ;code = 32
char = (;code = 40
char = f;code = 102
char = i;code = 105
char = v;code = 118
char = e;code = 101
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char = c;code = 99
char = a;code = 97
char = s;code = 115
char = e;code = 101
char = s;code = 115
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char = ,;code = 44
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char = a;code = 97
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char = a;code = 97
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char = l;code = 108
char = i;code = 105
char = o;code = 111
char = m;code = 109
char = a;code = 97
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char = (;code = 40
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = c;code = 99
char = a;code = 97
char = s;code = 115
char = e;code = 101
char = s;code = 115
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char = ,;code = 44
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char = s;code = 115
char = c;code = 99
char = h;code = 104
char = w;code = 119
char = a;code = 97
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char = n;code = 110
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char = m;code = 109
char = a;code = 97
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char = (;code = 40
char = t;code = 116
char = w;code = 119
char = o;code = 111
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char = c;code = 99
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char = s;code = 115
char = e;code = 101
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char = ,;code = 44
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char = m;code = 109
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char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
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char = i;code = 105
char = o;code = 111
char = m;code = 109
char = a;code = 97
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char = (;code = 40
char = t;code = 116
char = w;code = 119
char = o;code = 111
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char = c;code = 99
char = a;code = 97
char = s;code = 115
char = e;code = 101
char = s;code = 115
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char = ,;code = 44
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char = s;code = 115
char = p;code = 112
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char = n;code = 110
char = a;code = 97
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char = d;code = 100
char = o;code = 111
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char = a;code = 97
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char = (;code = 40
char = t;code = 116
char = w;code = 119
char = o;code = 111
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char = c;code = 99
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char = e;code = 101
char = s;code = 115
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char = a;code = 97
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char = i;code = 105
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char = c;code = 99
char = a;code = 97
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char = .;code = 46
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char = R;code = 82
char = a;code = 97
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char = i;code = 105
char = a;code = 97
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char = s;code = 115
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char = a;code = 97
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char = e;code = 101
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char = c;code = 99
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char = c;code = 99
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char = l;code = 108
char = a;code = 97
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char = b;code = 98
char = a;code = 97
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char = c;code = 99
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char = m;code = 109
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char = t;code = 116
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char = e;code = 101
char = d;code = 100
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char = t;code = 116
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char = r;code = 114
char = a;code = 97
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char = h;code = 104
char = y;code = 121
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char = s;code = 115
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char = a;code = 97
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char = a;code = 97
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char = q;code = 113
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char = i;code = 105
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char = u;code = 117
char = s;code = 115
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char = 1;code = 49
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char = 2;code = 50
char = 5;code = 53
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char = s;code = 115
char = l;code = 108
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char = c;code = 99
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char = P;code = 80
char = l;code = 108
char = a;code = 97
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char = n;code = 110
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char = n;code = 110
char = g;code = 103
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char = e;code = 101
char = a;code = 97
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char = m;code = 109
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char = n;code = 110
char = t;code = 116
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char = v;code = 118
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char = u;code = 117
char = m;code = 109
char = e;code = 101
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char = w;code = 119
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char = d;code = 100
char = e;code = 101
char = f;code = 102
char = i;code = 105
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char = a;code = 97
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char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = e;code = 101
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char = r;code = 114
char = a;code = 97
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char = i;code = 105
char = o;code = 111
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char = r;code = 114
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char = p;code = 112
char = h;code = 104
char = i;code = 105
char = c;code = 99
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char = t;code = 116
char = u;code = 117
char = m;code = 109
char = o;code = 111
char = r;code = 114
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char = v;code = 118
char = o;code = 111
char = l;code = 108
char = u;code = 117
char = m;code = 109
char = e;code = 101
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char = w;code = 119
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char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
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char = o;code = 111
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char = m;code = 109
char = a;code = 97
char = r;code = 114
char = g;code = 103
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char = n;code = 110
char = .;code = 46
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char = T;code = 84
char = h;code = 104
char = e;code = 101
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char = t;code = 116
char = u;code = 117
char = m;code = 109
char = o;code = 111
char = r;code = 114
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char = d;code = 100
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char = e;code = 101
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char = w;code = 119
char = a;code = 97
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char = m;code = 109
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char = a;code = 97
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char = 1;code = 49
char = 2;code = 50
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char = t;code = 116
char = o;code = 111
char = ;code = 32
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char = 0;code = 48
char = ;code = 32
char = G;code = 71
char = y;code = 121
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char = t;code = 116
char = o;code = 111
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char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = e;code = 101
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char = 8;code = 56
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char = %;code = 37
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char = .;code = 46
char = ;code = 32
char = T;code = 84
char = u;code = 117
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char = o;code = 111
char = r;code = 114
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char = v;code = 118
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char = l;code = 108
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char = r;code = 114
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char = t;code = 116
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char = 2;code = 50
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char = a;code = 97
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char = m;code = 109
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char = );code = 41
char = .;code = 46
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char = S;code = 83
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char = n;code = 110
char = a;code = 97
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char = c;code = 99
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char = v;code = 118
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char = l;code = 108
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char = m;code = 109
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char = c;code = 99
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char = o;code = 111
char = r;code = 114
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char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = a;code = 97
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char = 8;code = 56
char = ;code = 32
char = G;code = 71
char = y;code = 121
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char = r;code = 114
char = a;code = 97
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char = e;code = 101
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char = f;code = 102
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char = o;code = 111
char = m;code = 109
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char = 0;code = 48
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char = 0;code = 48
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char = t;code = 116
char = o;code = 111
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char = 0;code = 48
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char = 9;code = 57
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char = m;code = 109
char = l;code = 108
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char = a;code = 97
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char = 2;code = 50
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char = m;code = 109
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char = );code = 41
char = .;code = 46
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char = A;code = 65
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char = l;code = 108
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char = p;code = 112
char = a;code = 97
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char = i;code = 105
char = e;code = 101
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char = t;code = 116
char = s;code = 115
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char = o;code = 111
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char = e;code = 101
char = r;code = 114
char = a;code = 97
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char = e;code = 101
char = d;code = 100
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char = h;code = 104
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char = c;code = 99
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char = d;code = 100
char = u;code = 117
char = r;code = 114
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char = i;code = 105
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char = a;code = 97
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char = t;code = 116
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char = a;code = 97
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char = i;code = 105
char = e;code = 101
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char = s;code = 115
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char = t;code = 116
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
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char = .;code = 46
char = ;code = 32
char = N;code = 78
char = o;code = 111
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = c;code = 99
char = u;code = 117
char = t;code = 116
char = e;code = 101
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char = a;code = 97
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char = a;code = 97
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = o;code = 111
char = n;code = 110
char = -;code = 45
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char = n;code = 110
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char = o;code = 111
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char = m;code = 109
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char = N;code = 78
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char = t;code = 116
char = u;code = 117
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char = o;code = 111
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char = p;code = 112
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char = r;code = 114
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char = s;code = 115
char = s;code = 115
char = i;code = 105
char = o;code = 111
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char = h;code = 104
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char = s;code = 115
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char = o;code = 111
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char = l;code = 108
char = o;code = 111
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char = p;code = 112
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char = i;code = 105
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char = g;code = 103
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char = g;code = 103
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char = (;code = 40
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char = C;code = 67
char = L;code = 76
char = U;code = 85
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char = I;code = 73
char = O;code = 79
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char = S;code = 83
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char = :;code = 58
char = ;code = 32
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char = a;code = 97
char = l;code = 108
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char = s;code = 115
char = t;code = 116
char = e;code = 101
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = o;code = 111
char = t;code = 116
char = a;code = 97
char = c;code = 99
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = c;code = 99
char = ;code = 32
char = r;code = 114
char = a;code = 97
char = d;code = 100
char = i;code = 105
char = o;code = 111
char = s;code = 115
char = u;code = 117
char = r;code = 114
char = g;code = 103
char = e;code = 101
char = r;code = 114
char = y;code = 121
char = ;code = 32
char = w;code = 119
char = a;code = 97
char = s;code = 115
char = ;code = 32
char = f;code = 102
char = o;code = 111
char = u;code = 117
char = n;code = 110
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = o;code = 111
char = ;code = 32
char = b;code = 98
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = f;code = 102
char = e;code = 101
char = a;code = 97
char = s;code = 115
char = i;code = 105
char = b;code = 98
char = l;code = 108
char = e;code = 101
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char = ;code = 32
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char = e;code = 101
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char = ;code = 32
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char = f;code = 102
char = e;code = 101
char = c;code = 99
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = v;code = 118
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = f;code = 102
char = o;code = 111
char = r;code = 114
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = a;code = 97
char = t;code = 116
char = m;code = 109
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char = n;code = 110
char = t;code = 116
char = ;code = 32
char = o;code = 111
char = f;code = 102
char = ;code = 32
char = b;code = 98
char = e;code = 101
char = n;code = 110
char = i;code = 105
char = g;code = 103
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
char = s;code = 115
char = p;code = 112
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = a;code = 97
char = l;code = 108
char = ;code = 32
char = l;code = 108
char = e;code = 101
char = s;code = 115
char = i;code = 105
char = o;code = 111
char = n;code = 110
char = s;code = 115
char = .;code = 46
char = ;code = 32
char = I;code = 73
char = t;code = 116
char = s;code = 115
char = ;code = 32
char = m;code = 109
char = a;code = 97
char = j;code = 106
char = o;code = 111
char = r;code = 114
char = ;code = 32
char = p;code = 112
char = o;code = 111
char = t;code = 116
char = e;code = 101
char = n;code = 110
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = a;code = 97
char = l;code = 108
char = ;code = 32
char = b;code = 98
char = e;code = 101
char = n;code = 110
char = e;code = 101
char = f;code = 102
char = i;code = 105
char = t;code = 116
char = s;code = 115
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = l;code = 108
char = a;code = 97
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = v;code = 118
char = e;code = 101
char = l;code = 108
char = y;code = 121
char = ;code = 32
char = s;code = 115
char = h;code = 104
char = o;code = 111
char = r;code = 114
char = t;code = 116
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = a;code = 97
char = t;code = 116
char = m;code = 109
char = e;code = 101
char = n;code = 110
char = t;code = 116
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = m;code = 109
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
char = o;code = 111
char = u;code = 117
char = t;code = 116
char = p;code = 112
char = a;code = 97
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = e;code = 101
char = n;code = 110
char = t;code = 116
char = ;code = 32
char = s;code = 115
char = e;code = 101
char = t;code = 116
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = g;code = 103
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = n;code = 110
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = m;code = 109
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = i;code = 105
char = m;code = 109
char = a;code = 97
char = l;code = 108
char = ;code = 32
char = r;code = 114
char = i;code = 105
char = s;code = 115
char = k;code = 107
char = ;code = 32
char = o;code = 111
char = f;code = 102
char = ;code = 32
char = s;code = 115
char = i;code = 105
char = d;code = 100
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = e;code = 101
char = f;code = 102
char = f;code = 102
char = e;code = 101
char = c;code = 99
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char = s;code = 115
char = .;code = 46
char = ;code = 32
char = T;code = 84
char = h;code = 104
char = i;code = 105
char = s;code = 115
char = ;code = 32
char = n;code = 110
char = e;code = 101
char = w;code = 119
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = e;code = 101
char = c;code = 99
char = h;code = 104
char = n;code = 110
char = i;code = 105
char = q;code = 113
char = u;code = 117
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = o;code = 111
char = f;code = 102
char = f;code = 102
char = e;code = 101
char = r;code = 114
char = s;code = 115
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = l;code = 108
char = t;code = 116
char = e;code = 101
char = r;code = 114
char = n;code = 110
char = a;code = 97
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = v;code = 118
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = e;code = 101
char = r;code = 114
char = a;code = 97
char = p;code = 112
char = e;code = 101
char = u;code = 117
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = c;code = 99
char = ;code = 32
char = m;code = 109
char = o;code = 111
char = d;code = 100
char = a;code = 97
char = l;code = 108
char = i;code = 105
char = t;code = 116
char = y;code = 121
char = ;code = 32
char = f;code = 102
char = o;code = 111
char = r;code = 114
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = a;code = 97
char = t;code = 116
char = m;code = 109
char = e;code = 101
char = n;code = 110
char = t;code = 116
char = ;code = 32
char = o;code = 111
char = f;code = 102
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = ;code = 32
char = v;code = 118
char = a;code = 97
char = r;code = 114
char = i;code = 105
char = e;code = 101
char = t;code = 116
char = y;code = 121
char = ;code = 32
char = o;code = 111
char = f;code = 102
char = ;code = 32
char = b;code = 98
char = e;code = 101
char = n;code = 110
char = i;code = 105
char = g;code = 103
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
char = s;code = 115
char = p;code = 112
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = a;code = 97
char = l;code = 108
char = ;code = 32
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char = m;code = 109
char = s;code = 115
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char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
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char = a;code = 97
char = s;code = 115
char = e;code = 101
char = s;code = 115
char = ;code = 32
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
char = w;code = 119
char = h;code = 104
char = i;code = 105
char = c;code = 99
char = h;code = 104
char = ;code = 32
char = s;code = 115
char = u;code = 117
char = r;code = 114
char = g;code = 103
char = e;code = 101
char = r;code = 114
char = y;code = 121
char = ;code = 32
char = c;code = 99
char = a;code = 97
char = n;code = 110
char = n;code = 110
char = o;code = 111
char = t;code = 116
char = ;code = 32
char = b;code = 98
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = p;code = 112
char = e;code = 101
char = r;code = 114
char = f;code = 102
char = o;code = 111
char = r;code = 114
char = m;code = 109
char = e;code = 101
char = d;code = 100
char = ,;code = 44
char = ;code = 32
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char = n;code = 110
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char = a;code = 97
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char = e;code = 101
char = s;code = 115
char = ;code = 32
char = w;code = 119
char = i;code = 105
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = ;code = 32
char = p;code = 112
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = v;code = 118
char = i;code = 105
char = o;code = 111
char = u;code = 117
char = s;code = 115
char = l;code = 108
char = y;code = 121
char = ;code = 32
char = i;code = 105
char = r;code = 114
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char = a;code = 97
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char = i;code = 105
char = a;code = 97
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char = e;code = 101
char = d;code = 100
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char = i;code = 105
char = t;code = 116
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char = s;code = 115
char = ,;code = 44
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char = ;code = 32
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char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
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char = s;code = 115
char = e;code = 101
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char = ;code = 32
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
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char = o;code = 111
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char = v;code = 118
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char = n;code = 110
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char = ;code = 32
char = l;code = 108
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char = i;code = 105
char = o;code = 111
char = n;code = 110
char = s;code = 115
char = ;code = 32
char = n;code = 110
char = o;code = 111
char = t;code = 116
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = m;code = 109
char = e;code = 101
char = n;code = 110
char = a;code = 97
char = b;code = 98
char = l;code = 108
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = o;code = 111
char = ;code = 32
char = o;code = 111
char = p;code = 112
char = e;code = 101
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
char = s;code = 115
char = u;code = 117
char = r;code = 114
char = g;code = 103
char = i;code = 105
char = c;code = 99
char = a;code = 97
char = l;code = 108
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = e;code = 101
char = c;code = 99
char = h;code = 104
char = n;code = 110
char = i;code = 105
char = q;code = 113
char = u;code = 117
char = e;code = 101
char = s;code = 115
char = ;code = 32
char = o;code = 111
char = r;code = 114
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = s;code = 115
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = d;code = 100
char = j;code = 106
char = u;code = 117
char = n;code = 110
char = c;code = 99
char = t;code = 116
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = o;code = 111
char = ;code = 32
char = s;code = 115
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result sql = OBJECT : The role of stereotactic radiosurgery in the treatment of benign intracranial lesions is well established. Its role in the treatment of benign spinal lesions is more limited. Benign spinal lesions should be amenable to radiosurgical treatment similar to their intracranial counterparts. In this study the authors evaluated the effectiveness of the CyberKnife for benign spinal lesions involving a single-fraction radiosurgical technique.

METHODS : The CyberKnife is a frameless radiosurgery system in which an orthogonal pair of x-ray cameras is coupled to a dynamically manipulated robot-mounted linear accelerator possessing six degrees of freedom, whereby the therapy beam is guided to the intended target without the use of frame-based fixation. Cervical spine lesions were located and tracked relative to skull osseous landmarks; lower spinal lesions were tracked relative to percutaneously placed fiducial bone markers. Fifteen patients underwent single-fraction radiosurgery (12 cervical, one thoracic, and two lumbar). Histological types included neurofibroma (five cases), paraganglioma (three cases), schwannoma (two cases), meningioma (two cases), spinal chordoma (two cases), and hemangioma (one case). Radiation dose plans were calculated based on computerized tomography scans acquired using 1.25-mm slices. Planning treatment volume was defined as the radiographic tumor volume with no margin. The tumor dose was maintained at 12 to 20 Gy to the 80% isodose line (mean 16 Gy). Tumor volume ranged from 0.3 to 29.3 ml (mean 6.4 ml). Spinal canal volume receiving more than 8 Gy ranged from 0.0 to 0.9 ml (mean 0.2 ml). All patients tolerated the procedure in an outpatient setting. No acute radiation-induced toxicity or new neurological deficits occurred during the follow-up period. Pain improved in all patients who were symptomatic prior to treatment. No tumor progression has been documented on follow-up imaging (mean 12 months).

CONCLUSIONS : Spinal stereotactic radiosurgery was found to be feasible, safe, and effective for the treatment of benign spinal lesions. Its major potential benefits are the relatively short treatment time in an outpatient setting and the minimal risk of side effects. This new technique offers an alternative therapeutic modality for the treatment of a variety of benign spinal neoplasms in cases in which surgery cannot be performed, in cases with previously irradiated sites, and in cases involving lesions not amenable to open surgical techniques or as an adjunct to surgery.

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