|
|
char = S;code = 83
char = u;code = 117
char = p;code = 112
char = p;code = 112
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = s;code = 115
char = s;code = 115
char = i;code = 105
char = o;code = 111
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
char = o;code = 111
char = f;code = 102
char = ;code = 32
char = e;code = 101
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = a;code = 97
char = n;code = 110
char = o;code = 111
char = l;code = 108
char = ;code = 32
char = s;code = 115
char = e;code = 101
char = l;code = 108
char = f;code = 102
char = -;code = 45
char = a;code = 97
char = d;code = 100
char = m;code = 109
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = i;code = 105
char = s;code = 115
char = t;code = 116
char = r;code = 114
char = a;code = 97
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = o;code = 111
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
char = b;code = 98
char = y;code = 121
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = n;code = 110
char = e;code = 101
char = u;code = 117
char = r;code = 114
char = o;code = 111
char = p;code = 112
char = e;code = 101
char = p;code = 112
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = d;code = 100
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = Y;code = 89
char = ;code = 32
char = (;code = 40
char = N;code = 78
char = P;code = 80
char = Y;code = 89
char = );code = 41
char = ;code = 32
char = Y;code = 89
char = 2;code = 50
char = ;code = 32
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = c;code = 99
char = e;code = 101
char = p;code = 112
char = t;code = 116
char = o;code = 111
char = r;code = 114
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = n;code = 110
char = t;code = 116
char = a;code = 97
char = g;code = 103
char = o;code = 111
char = n;code = 110
char = i;code = 105
char = s;code = 115
char = t;code = 116
char = ;code = 32
char = B;code = 66
char = I;code = 73
char = I;code = 73
char = E;code = 69
char = 0;code = 48
char = 2;code = 50
char = 4;code = 52
char = 6;code = 54
char = :;code = 58
char = ;code = 32
char = e;code = 101
char = v;code = 118
char = i;code = 105
char = d;code = 100
char = e;code = 101
char = n;code = 110
char = c;code = 99
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = f;code = 102
char = o;code = 111
char = r;code = 114
char = ;code = 32
char = s;code = 115
char = e;code = 101
char = n;code = 110
char = s;code = 115
char = i;code = 105
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = z;code = 122
char = a;code = 97
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = o;code = 111
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
char = r;code = 114
char = a;code = 97
char = t;code = 116
char = s;code = 115
char = ;code = 32
char = w;code = 119
char = i;code = 105
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = ;code = 32
char = h;code = 104
char = i;code = 105
char = s;code = 115
char = t;code = 116
char = o;code = 111
char = r;code = 114
char = y;code = 121
char = ;code = 32
char = o;code = 111
char = f;code = 102
char = ;code = 32
char = d;code = 100
char = e;code = 101
char = p;code = 112
char = e;code = 101
char = n;code = 110
char = d;code = 100
char = e;code = 101
char = n;code = 110
char = c;code = 99
char = e;code = 101
char = .;code = 46
result sql = Suppression of ethanol self-administration by the neuropeptide Y (NPY) Y2 receptor antagonist BIIE0246: evidence for sensitization in rats with a history of dependence.
Suppression of ethanol self-administration by the neuropeptide Y (NPY) Y2 receptor antagonist BIIE0246: evidence for sensitization in rats with a history of dependence.char = E;code = 69
char = v;code = 118
char = i;code = 105
char = d;code = 100
char = e;code = 101
char = n;code = 110
char = c;code = 99
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = f;code = 102
char = r;code = 114
char = o;code = 111
char = m;code = 109
char = ;code = 32
char = g;code = 103
char = e;code = 101
char = n;code = 110
char = e;code = 101
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = c;code = 99
char = a;code = 97
char = l;code = 108
char = l;code = 108
char = y;code = 121
char = ;code = 32
char = m;code = 109
char = o;code = 111
char = d;code = 100
char = i;code = 105
char = f;code = 102
char = i;code = 105
char = e;code = 101
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = m;code = 109
char = i;code = 105
char = c;code = 99
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = s;code = 115
char = u;code = 117
char = g;code = 103
char = g;code = 103
char = e;code = 101
char = s;code = 115
char = t;code = 116
char = s;code = 115
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = ;code = 32
char = r;code = 114
char = o;code = 111
char = l;code = 108
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = f;code = 102
char = o;code = 111
char = r;code = 114
char = ;code = 32
char = N;code = 78
char = P;code = 80
char = Y;code = 89
char = ;code = 32
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = g;code = 103
char = u;code = 117
char = l;code = 108
char = a;code = 97
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = o;code = 111
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
char = o;code = 111
char = f;code = 102
char = ;code = 32
char = e;code = 101
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = a;code = 97
char = n;code = 110
char = o;code = 111
char = l;code = 108
char = ;code = 32
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = t;code = 116
char = a;code = 97
char = k;code = 107
char = e;code = 101
char = ,;code = 44
char = ;code = 32
char = b;code = 98
char = u;code = 117
char = t;code = 116
char = ;code = 32
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = s;code = 115
char = u;code = 117
char = l;code = 108
char = t;code = 116
char = s;code = 115
char = ;code = 32
char = o;code = 111
char = f;code = 102
char = ;code = 32
char = p;code = 112
char = h;code = 104
char = a;code = 97
char = r;code = 114
char = m;code = 109
char = a;code = 97
char = c;code = 99
char = o;code = 111
char = l;code = 108
char = o;code = 111
char = g;code = 103
char = i;code = 105
char = c;code = 99
char = a;code = 97
char = l;code = 108
char = ;code = 32
char = s;code = 115
char = t;code = 116
char = u;code = 117
char = d;code = 100
char = i;code = 105
char = e;code = 101
char = s;code = 115
char = ;code = 32
char = h;code = 104
char = a;code = 97
char = v;code = 118
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = b;code = 98
char = e;code = 101
char = e;code = 101
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
char = m;code = 109
char = o;code = 111
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = v;code = 118
char = a;code = 97
char = r;code = 114
char = i;code = 105
char = a;code = 97
char = b;code = 98
char = l;code = 108
char = e;code = 101
char = .;code = 46
char = ;code = 32
char = W;code = 87
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = h;code = 104
char = a;code = 97
char = v;code = 118
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = p;code = 112
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = v;code = 118
char = i;code = 105
char = o;code = 111
char = u;code = 117
char = s;code = 115
char = l;code = 108
char = y;code = 121
char = ;code = 32
char = s;code = 115
char = h;code = 104
char = o;code = 111
char = w;code = 119
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = a;code = 97
char = t;code = 116
char = ;code = 32
char = p;code = 112
char = o;code = 111
char = t;code = 116
char = e;code = 101
char = n;code = 110
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = a;code = 97
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = o;code = 111
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
char = o;code = 111
char = f;code = 102
char = ;code = 32
char = N;code = 78
char = P;code = 80
char = Y;code = 89
char = ;code = 32
char = s;code = 115
char = i;code = 105
char = g;code = 103
char = n;code = 110
char = a;code = 97
char = l;code = 108
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = g;code = 103
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = r;code = 114
char = o;code = 111
char = u;code = 117
char = g;code = 103
char = h;code = 104
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = n;code = 110
char = t;code = 116
char = a;code = 97
char = g;code = 103
char = o;code = 111
char = n;code = 110
char = i;code = 105
char = s;code = 115
char = m;code = 109
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = t;code = 116
char = ;code = 32
char = N;code = 78
char = P;code = 80
char = Y;code = 89
char = -;code = 45
char = Y;code = 89
char = 2;code = 50
char = ;code = 32
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = c;code = 99
char = e;code = 101
char = p;code = 112
char = t;code = 116
char = o;code = 111
char = r;code = 114
char = s;code = 115
char = ;code = 32
char = d;code = 100
char = e;code = 101
char = c;code = 99
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = a;code = 97
char = s;code = 115
char = e;code = 101
char = s;code = 115
char = ;code = 32
char = o;code = 111
char = p;code = 112
char = e;code = 101
char = r;code = 114
char = a;code = 97
char = n;code = 110
char = t;code = 116
char = ;code = 32
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = s;code = 115
char = p;code = 112
char = o;code = 111
char = n;code = 110
char = d;code = 100
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = g;code = 103
char = ;code = 32
char = f;code = 102
char = o;code = 111
char = r;code = 114
char = ;code = 32
char = e;code = 101
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = a;code = 97
char = n;code = 110
char = o;code = 111
char = l;code = 108
char = ;code = 32
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
char = W;code = 87
char = i;code = 105
char = s;code = 115
char = t;code = 116
char = a;code = 97
char = r;code = 114
char = ;code = 32
char = r;code = 114
char = a;code = 97
char = t;code = 116
char = s;code = 115
char = ;code = 32
char = w;code = 119
char = i;code = 105
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = o;code = 111
char = u;code = 117
char = t;code = 116
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = ;code = 32
char = h;code = 104
char = i;code = 105
char = s;code = 115
char = t;code = 116
char = o;code = 111
char = r;code = 114
char = y;code = 121
char = ;code = 32
char = o;code = 111
char = f;code = 102
char = ;code = 32
char = d;code = 100
char = e;code = 101
char = p;code = 112
char = e;code = 101
char = n;code = 110
char = d;code = 100
char = e;code = 101
char = n;code = 110
char = c;code = 99
char = e;code = 101
char = .;code = 46
char = ;code = 32
char = H;code = 72
char = e;code = 101
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = ,;code = 44
char = ;code = 32
char = w;code = 119
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = e;code = 101
char = x;code = 120
char = a;code = 97
char = m;code = 109
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = e;code = 101
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = e;code = 101
char = f;code = 102
char = f;code = 102
char = e;code = 101
char = c;code = 99
char = t;code = 116
char = s;code = 115
char = ;code = 32
char = o;code = 111
char = f;code = 102
char = ;code = 32
char = Y;code = 89
char = 2;code = 50
char = -;code = 45
char = a;code = 97
char = n;code = 110
char = t;code = 116
char = a;code = 97
char = g;code = 103
char = o;code = 111
char = n;code = 110
char = i;code = 105
char = s;code = 115
char = m;code = 109
char = ;code = 32
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = n;code = 110
char = i;code = 105
char = m;code = 109
char = a;code = 97
char = l;code = 108
char = s;code = 115
char = ;code = 32
char = w;code = 119
char = i;code = 105
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = ;code = 32
char = h;code = 104
char = i;code = 105
char = s;code = 115
char = t;code = 116
char = o;code = 111
char = r;code = 114
char = y;code = 121
char = ;code = 32
char = o;code = 111
char = f;code = 102
char = ;code = 32
char = d;code = 100
char = e;code = 101
char = p;code = 112
char = e;code = 101
char = n;code = 110
char = d;code = 100
char = e;code = 101
char = n;code = 110
char = c;code = 99
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = d;code = 100
char = u;code = 117
char = c;code = 99
char = e;code = 101
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = b;code = 98
char = y;code = 121
char = ;code = 32
char = l;code = 108
char = o;code = 111
char = n;code = 110
char = g;code = 103
char = -;code = 45
char = t;code = 116
char = e;code = 101
char = r;code = 114
char = m;code = 109
char = ;code = 32
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = t;code = 116
char = e;code = 101
char = r;code = 114
char = m;code = 109
char = i;code = 105
char = t;code = 116
char = t;code = 116
char = e;code = 101
char = n;code = 110
char = t;code = 116
char = ;code = 32
char = e;code = 101
char = x;code = 120
char = p;code = 112
char = o;code = 111
char = s;code = 115
char = u;code = 117
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = o;code = 111
char = ;code = 32
char = e;code = 101
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = a;code = 97
char = n;code = 110
char = o;code = 111
char = l;code = 108
char = ;code = 32
char = v;code = 118
char = a;code = 97
char = p;code = 112
char = o;code = 111
char = r;code = 114
char = .;code = 46
char = ;code = 32
char = T;code = 84
char = h;code = 104
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = Y;code = 89
char = 2;code = 50
char = -;code = 45
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = c;code = 99
char = e;code = 101
char = p;code = 112
char = t;code = 116
char = o;code = 111
char = r;code = 114
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = n;code = 110
char = t;code = 116
char = a;code = 97
char = g;code = 103
char = o;code = 111
char = n;code = 110
char = i;code = 105
char = s;code = 115
char = t;code = 116
char = ;code = 32
char = B;code = 66
char = I;code = 73
char = I;code = 73
char = E;code = 69
char = 0;code = 48
char = 2;code = 50
char = 4;code = 52
char = 6;code = 54
char = ;code = 32
char = s;code = 115
char = u;code = 117
char = p;code = 112
char = p;code = 112
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = s;code = 115
char = s;code = 115
char = e;code = 101
char = d;code = 100
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char = o;code = 111
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char = e;code = 101
char = r;code = 114
char = a;code = 97
char = n;code = 110
char = t;code = 116
char = ;code = 32
char = r;code = 114
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char = s;code = 115
char = p;code = 112
char = o;code = 111
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char = d;code = 100
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = g;code = 103
char = ;code = 32
char = f;code = 102
char = o;code = 111
char = r;code = 114
char = ;code = 32
char = e;code = 101
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = a;code = 97
char = n;code = 110
char = o;code = 111
char = l;code = 108
char = ;code = 32
char = (;code = 40
char = a;code = 97
char = p;code = 112
char = p;code = 112
char = r;code = 114
char = o;code = 111
char = x;code = 120
char = i;code = 105
char = m;code = 109
char = a;code = 97
char = t;code = 116
char = e;code = 101
char = l;code = 108
char = y;code = 121
char = ;code = 32
char = 5;code = 53
char = 0;code = 48
char = %;code = 37
char = ,;code = 44
char = ;code = 32
char = p;code = 112
char = =;code = 61
char = 0;code = 48
char = .;code = 46
char = 0;code = 48
char = 1;code = 49
char = );code = 41
char = ,;code = 44
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char = a;code = 97
char = t;code = 116
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
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char = d;code = 100
char = o;code = 111
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char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = (;code = 40
char = 0;code = 48
char = .;code = 46
char = 5;code = 53
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char = n;code = 110
char = m;code = 109
char = o;code = 111
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char = i;code = 105
char = .;code = 46
char = c;code = 99
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char = v;code = 118
char = .;code = 46
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char = i;code = 105
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char = i;code = 105
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char = f;code = 102
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char = e;code = 101
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char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
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char = s;code = 115
char = u;code = 117
char = b;code = 98
char = j;code = 106
char = e;code = 101
char = c;code = 99
char = t;code = 116
char = s;code = 115
char = ;code = 32
char = w;code = 119
char = i;code = 105
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = o;code = 111
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char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = ;code = 32
char = h;code = 104
char = i;code = 105
char = s;code = 115
char = t;code = 116
char = o;code = 111
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char = y;code = 121
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char = o;code = 111
char = f;code = 102
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char = d;code = 100
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char = d;code = 100
char = e;code = 101
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char = .;code = 46
char = ;code = 32
char = R;code = 82
char = e;code = 101
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char = p;code = 112
char = o;code = 111
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char = d;code = 100
char = i;code = 105
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char = g;code = 103
char = ;code = 32
char = f;code = 102
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char = r;code = 114
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char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
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char = ;code = 32
char = e;code = 101
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = a;code = 97
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char = e;code = 101
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char = s;code = 115
char = o;code = 111
char = l;code = 108
char = u;code = 117
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char = i;code = 105
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result sql = Evidence from genetically modified mice suggests a role for NPY in regulation of ethanol intake, but results of pharmacological studies have been more variable. We have previously shown that potentiation of NPY signaling through antagonism at NPY-Y2 receptors decreases operant responding for ethanol in Wistar rats without a history of dependence. Here, we examined the effects of Y2-antagonism in animals with a history of dependence induced by long-term intermittent exposure to ethanol vapor. The Y2-receptor antagonist BIIE0246 suppressed operant responding for ethanol (approximately 50%, p=0.01), at a dose (0.5 nmol i.c.v.) which was ineffective in subjects without a history of dependence. Responding for the ethanol-free control solution was unaffected. These data confirm that antagonism at central NPY-Y2 receptors selectively suppresses motivation to self-administer ethanol, and indicate that the NPY system is sensitized in animals with a history of dependence. This may render the NPY system, and Y2 receptors in particular, an attractive target for treatment of alcohol dependence.
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result sql = Suppression of ethanol self-administration by the neuropeptide Y (NPY) Y2 receptor antagonist BIIE0246: evidence for sensitization in rats with a history of dependence.
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result sql = Evidence from genetically modified mice suggests a role for NPY in regulation of ethanol intake, but results of pharmacological studies have been more variable. We have previously shown that potentiation of NPY signaling through antagonism at NPY-Y2 receptors decreases operant responding for ethanol in Wistar rats without a history of dependence. Here, we examined the effects of Y2-antagonism in animals with a history of dependence induced by long-term intermittent exposure to ethanol vapor. The Y2-receptor antagonist BIIE0246 suppressed operant responding for ethanol (approximately 50%, p=0.01), at a dose (0.5 nmol i.c.v.) which was ineffective in subjects without a history of dependence. Responding for the ethanol-free control solution was unaffected. These data confirm that antagonism at central NPY-Y2 receptors selectively suppresses motivation to self-administer ethanol, and indicate that the NPY system is sensitized in animals with a history of dependence. This may render the NPY system, and Y2 receptors in particular, an attractive target for treatment of alcohol dependence.
Publication: Neurosci. Lett. 2005 Feb 28 ;375(2)::129-33.
Publication Date: 2005 Feb 28
Study Author(s): Rimondini, Roberto;Thorsell, Annika;Heilig, Markus;
Institution: NEUROTEC, Karolinska Institutet, M57, Huddinge University Hospital, SE-14186 Huddinge, Sweden. [email protected]
Shortcut link to this study:
Publication Date: 2005 Feb 28
Study Author(s): Rimondini, Roberto;Thorsell, Annika;Heilig, Markus;
Institution: NEUROTEC, Karolinska Institutet, M57, Huddinge University Hospital, SE-14186 Huddinge, Sweden. [email protected]
Shortcut link to this study:
Evidence from genetically modified mice suggests a role for NPY in regulation of ethanol intake, but results of pharmacological studies have been more variable. We have previously shown that potentiation of NPY signaling through antagonism at NPY-Y2 receptors decreases operant responding for ethanol in Wistar rats without a history of dependence. Here, we examined the effects of Y2-antagonism in animals with a history of dependence induced by long-term intermittent exposure to ethanol vapor. The Y2-receptor antagonist BIIE0246 suppressed operant responding for ethanol (approximately 50%, p=0.01), at a dose (0.5 nmol i.c.v.) which was ineffective in subjects without a history of dependence. Responding for the ethanol-free control solution was unaffected. These data confirm that antagonism at central NPY-Y2 receptors selectively suppresses motivation to self-administer ethanol, and indicate that the NPY system is sensitized in animals with a history of dependence. This may render the NPY system, and Y2 receptors in particular, an attractive target for treatment of alcohol dependence.
PMID: 15670655
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