|
|
char = I;code = 73
char = n;code = 110
char = s;code = 115
char = e;code = 101
char = c;code = 99
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = c;code = 99
char = i;code = 105
char = d;code = 100
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = s;code = 115
char = i;code = 105
char = s;code = 115
char = t;code = 116
char = a;code = 97
char = n;code = 110
char = c;code = 99
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
char = B;code = 66
char = e;code = 101
char = m;code = 109
char = i;code = 105
char = s;code = 115
char = i;code = 105
char = a;code = 97
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = a;code = 97
char = b;code = 98
char = a;code = 97
char = c;code = 99
char = i;code = 105
char = ;code = 32
char = (;code = 40
char = H;code = 72
char = o;code = 111
char = m;code = 109
char = o;code = 111
char = p;code = 112
char = t;code = 116
char = e;code = 101
char = r;code = 114
char = a;code = 97
char = :;code = 58
char = ;code = 32
char = A;code = 65
char = l;code = 108
char = e;code = 101
char = y;code = 121
char = r;code = 114
char = o;code = 111
char = d;code = 100
char = i;code = 105
char = d;code = 100
char = a;code = 97
char = e;code = 101
char = );code = 41
char = ;code = 32
char = p;code = 112
char = o;code = 111
char = p;code = 112
char = u;code = 117
char = l;code = 108
char = a;code = 97
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = o;code = 111
char = n;code = 110
char = s;code = 115
char = ;code = 32
char = f;code = 102
char = r;code = 114
char = o;code = 111
char = m;code = 109
char = ;code = 32
char = C;code = 67
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = t;code = 116
char = e;code = 101
char = .;code = 46
result sql = Insecticide resistance in Bemisia tabaci (Homoptera: Aleyrodidae) populations from Crete.
Insecticide resistance in Bemisia tabaci (Homoptera: Aleyrodidae) populations from Crete.char = T;code = 84
char = h;code = 104
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = s;code = 115
char = i;code = 105
char = s;code = 115
char = t;code = 116
char = a;code = 97
char = n;code = 110
char = c;code = 99
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = l;code = 108
char = e;code = 101
char = v;code = 118
char = e;code = 101
char = l;code = 108
char = s;code = 115
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = o;code = 111
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = l;code = 108
char = p;code = 112
char = h;code = 104
char = a;code = 97
char = -;code = 45
char = c;code = 99
char = y;code = 121
char = p;code = 112
char = e;code = 101
char = r;code = 114
char = m;code = 109
char = e;code = 101
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = r;code = 114
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = ,;code = 44
char = ;code = 32
char = b;code = 98
char = i;code = 105
char = f;code = 102
char = e;code = 101
char = n;code = 110
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = r;code = 114
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = ,;code = 44
char = ;code = 32
char = p;code = 112
char = i;code = 105
char = r;code = 114
char = i;code = 105
char = m;code = 109
char = i;code = 105
char = p;code = 112
char = h;code = 104
char = o;code = 111
char = s;code = 115
char = -;code = 45
char = m;code = 109
char = e;code = 101
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = y;code = 121
char = l;code = 108
char = ,;code = 44
char = ;code = 32
char = e;code = 101
char = n;code = 110
char = d;code = 100
char = o;code = 111
char = s;code = 115
char = u;code = 117
char = l;code = 108
char = f;code = 102
char = a;code = 97
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = n;code = 110
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = i;code = 105
char = m;code = 109
char = i;code = 105
char = d;code = 100
char = a;code = 97
char = c;code = 99
char = l;code = 108
char = o;code = 111
char = p;code = 112
char = r;code = 114
char = i;code = 105
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = w;code = 119
char = e;code = 101
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = d;code = 100
char = e;code = 101
char = t;code = 116
char = e;code = 101
char = r;code = 114
char = m;code = 109
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = e;code = 101
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
char = B;code = 66
char = e;code = 101
char = m;code = 109
char = i;code = 105
char = s;code = 115
char = i;code = 105
char = a;code = 97
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = a;code = 97
char = b;code = 98
char = a;code = 97
char = c;code = 99
char = i;code = 105
char = ;code = 32
char = (;code = 40
char = G;code = 71
char = e;code = 101
char = n;code = 110
char = n;code = 110
char = a;code = 97
char = d;code = 100
char = i;code = 105
char = u;code = 117
char = s;code = 115
char = );code = 41
char = ;code = 32
char = f;code = 102
char = r;code = 114
char = o;code = 111
char = m;code = 109
char = ;code = 32
char = C;code = 67
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = t;code = 116
char = e;code = 101
char = .;code = 46
char = ;code = 32
char = F;code = 70
char = i;code = 105
char = v;code = 118
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = B;code = 66
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = a;code = 97
char = b;code = 98
char = a;code = 97
char = c;code = 99
char = i;code = 105
char = ;code = 32
char = p;code = 112
char = o;code = 111
char = p;code = 112
char = u;code = 117
char = l;code = 108
char = a;code = 97
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = o;code = 111
char = n;code = 110
char = s;code = 115
char = ;code = 32
char = c;code = 99
char = o;code = 111
char = l;code = 108
char = l;code = 108
char = e;code = 101
char = c;code = 99
char = t;code = 116
char = e;code = 101
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = f;code = 102
char = r;code = 114
char = o;code = 111
char = m;code = 109
char = ;code = 32
char = g;code = 103
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = e;code = 101
char = n;code = 110
char = h;code = 104
char = o;code = 111
char = u;code = 117
char = s;code = 115
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = n;code = 110
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = o;code = 111
char = u;code = 117
char = t;code = 116
char = d;code = 100
char = o;code = 111
char = o;code = 111
char = r;code = 114
char = ;code = 32
char = c;code = 99
char = r;code = 114
char = o;code = 111
char = p;code = 112
char = s;code = 115
char = ;code = 32
char = w;code = 119
char = e;code = 101
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = b;code = 98
char = i;code = 105
char = o;code = 111
char = a;code = 97
char = s;code = 115
char = s;code = 115
char = a;code = 97
char = y;code = 121
char = e;code = 101
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = n;code = 110
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = c;code = 99
char = o;code = 111
char = m;code = 109
char = p;code = 112
char = a;code = 97
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = w;code = 119
char = i;code = 105
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = ;code = 32
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = f;code = 102
char = e;code = 101
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = n;code = 110
char = c;code = 99
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = s;code = 115
char = u;code = 117
char = s;code = 115
char = c;code = 99
char = e;code = 101
char = p;code = 112
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = b;code = 98
char = l;code = 108
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = s;code = 115
char = t;code = 116
char = r;code = 114
char = a;code = 97
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = .;code = 46
char = ;code = 32
char = <;code = 60
char = b;code = 98
char = >;code = 62
char = B;code = 66
char = E;code = 69
char = M;code = 77
char = I;code = 73
char = S;code = 83
char = I;code = 73
char = A;code = 65
char = ;code = 32
char = T;code = 84
char = A;code = 65
char = B;code = 66
char = A;code = 65
char = C;code = 67
char = I;code = 73
char = ;code = 32
char = C;code = 67
char = O;code = 79
char = L;code = 76
char = L;code = 76
char = E;code = 69
char = C;code = 67
char = T;code = 84
char = E;code = 69
char = D;code = 68
char = ;code = 32
char = I;code = 73
char = N;code = 78
char = ;code = 32
char = A;code = 65
char = ;code = 32
char = F;code = 70
char = L;code = 76
char = O;code = 79
char = R;code = 82
char = I;code = 73
char = C;code = 67
char = U;code = 85
char = L;code = 76
char = T;code = 84
char = U;code = 85
char = R;code = 82
char = E;code = 69
char = ;code = 32
char = G;code = 71
char = R;code = 82
char = E;code = 69
char = E;code = 69
char = N;code = 78
char = H;code = 72
char = O;code = 79
char = U;code = 85
char = S;code = 83
char = E;code = 69
char = ;code = 32
char = E;code = 69
char = X;code = 88
char = H;code = 72
char = I;code = 73
char = B;code = 66
char = I;code = 73
char = T;code = 84
char = E;code = 69
char = D;code = 68
char = ;code = 32
char = T;code = 84
char = H;code = 72
char = E;code = 69
char = ;code = 32
char = H;code = 72
char = I;code = 73
char = G;code = 71
char = H;code = 72
char = E;code = 69
char = S;code = 83
char = T;code = 84
char = ;code = 32
char = R;code = 82
char = E;code = 69
char = S;code = 83
char = I;code = 73
char = S;code = 83
char = T;code = 84
char = A;code = 65
char = N;code = 78
char = C;code = 67
char = E;code = 69
char = ;code = 32
char = A;code = 65
char = G;code = 71
char = A;code = 65
char = I;code = 73
char = N;code = 78
char = S;code = 83
char = T;code = 84
char = ;code = 32
char = A;code = 65
char = L;code = 76
char = L;code = 76
char = ;code = 32
char = I;code = 73
char = N;code = 78
char = S;code = 83
char = E;code = 69
char = C;code = 67
char = T;code = 84
char = I;code = 73
char = C;code = 67
char = I;code = 73
char = D;code = 68
char = E;code = 69
char = S;code = 83
char = :;code = 58
char = ;code = 32
char = <;code = 60
char = /;code = 47
char = b;code = 98
char = >;code = 62
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = t;code = 116
char = ;code = 32
char = L;code = 76
char = C;code = 67
char = 5;code = 53
char = 0;code = 48
char = ,;code = 44
char = ;code = 32
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = s;code = 115
char = i;code = 105
char = s;code = 115
char = t;code = 116
char = a;code = 97
char = n;code = 110
char = c;code = 99
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = f;code = 102
char = a;code = 97
char = c;code = 99
char = t;code = 116
char = o;code = 111
char = r;code = 114
char = s;code = 115
char = ;code = 32
char = w;code = 119
char = e;code = 101
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = 2;code = 50
char = 3;code = 51
char = -;code = 45
char = f;code = 102
char = o;code = 111
char = l;code = 108
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = f;code = 102
char = o;code = 111
char = r;code = 114
char = ;code = 32
char = b;code = 98
char = i;code = 105
char = f;code = 102
char = e;code = 101
char = n;code = 110
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = r;code = 114
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = ,;code = 44
char = ;code = 32
char = 8;code = 56
char = 0;code = 48
char = -;code = 45
char = f;code = 102
char = o;code = 111
char = l;code = 108
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = f;code = 102
char = o;code = 111
char = r;code = 114
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = l;code = 108
char = p;code = 112
char = h;code = 104
char = a;code = 97
char = -;code = 45
char = c;code = 99
char = y;code = 121
char = p;code = 112
char = e;code = 101
char = r;code = 114
char = m;code = 109
char = e;code = 101
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = r;code = 114
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = ,;code = 44
char = ;code = 32
char = 1;code = 49
char = 8;code = 56
char = -;code = 45
char = f;code = 102
char = o;code = 111
char = l;code = 108
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = f;code = 102
char = o;code = 111
char = r;code = 114
char = ;code = 32
char = p;code = 112
char = i;code = 105
char = r;code = 114
char = i;code = 105
char = m;code = 109
char = i;code = 105
char = p;code = 112
char = h;code = 104
char = o;code = 111
char = s;code = 115
char = -;code = 45
char = m;code = 109
char = e;code = 101
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = y;code = 121
char = l;code = 108
char = ,;code = 44
char = ;code = 32
char = 5;code = 53
char = 8;code = 56
char = -;code = 45
char = f;code = 102
char = o;code = 111
char = l;code = 108
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = f;code = 102
char = o;code = 111
char = r;code = 114
char = ;code = 32
char = e;code = 101
char = n;code = 110
char = d;code = 100
char = o;code = 111
char = s;code = 115
char = u;code = 117
char = l;code = 108
char = f;code = 102
char = a;code = 97
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = n;code = 110
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = 7;code = 55
char = 3;code = 51
char = 0;code = 48
char = -;code = 45
char = f;code = 102
char = o;code = 111
char = l;code = 108
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = f;code = 102
char = o;code = 111
char = r;code = 114
char = ;code = 32
char = i;code = 105
char = m;code = 109
char = i;code = 105
char = d;code = 100
char = a;code = 97
char = c;code = 99
char = l;code = 108
char = o;code = 111
char = p;code = 112
char = r;code = 114
char = i;code = 105
char = d;code = 100
char = .;code = 46
char = ;code = 32
char = A;code = 65
char = ;code = 32
char = p;code = 112
char = o;code = 111
char = p;code = 112
char = u;code = 117
char = l;code = 108
char = a;code = 97
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = o;code = 111
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
char = c;code = 99
char = o;code = 111
char = l;code = 108
char = l;code = 108
char = e;code = 101
char = c;code = 99
char = t;code = 116
char = e;code = 101
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = o;code = 111
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
char = o;code = 111
char = u;code = 117
char = t;code = 116
char = d;code = 100
char = o;code = 111
char = o;code = 111
char = r;code = 114
char = ;code = 32
char = m;code = 109
char = e;code = 101
char = l;code = 108
char = o;code = 111
char = n;code = 110
char = s;code = 115
char = ;code = 32
char = w;code = 119
char = a;code = 97
char = s;code = 115
char = ;code = 32
char = m;code = 109
char = o;code = 111
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = s;code = 115
char = u;code = 117
char = s;code = 115
char = c;code = 99
char = e;code = 101
char = p;code = 112
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = b;code = 98
char = l;code = 108
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = a;code = 97
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = f;code = 102
char = e;code = 101
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = n;code = 110
char = c;code = 99
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = s;code = 115
char = t;code = 116
char = r;code = 114
char = a;code = 97
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = g;code = 103
char = a;code = 97
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = s;code = 115
char = t;code = 116
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = l;code = 108
char = l;code = 108
char = ;code = 32
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = s;code = 115
char = e;code = 101
char = c;code = 99
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = c;code = 99
char = i;code = 105
char = d;code = 100
char = e;code = 101
char = s;code = 115
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = e;code = 101
char = s;code = 115
char = t;code = 116
char = e;code = 101
char = d;code = 100
char = ,;code = 44
char = ;code = 32
char = s;code = 115
char = u;code = 117
char = g;code = 103
char = g;code = 103
char = e;code = 101
char = s;code = 115
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = g;code = 103
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = o;code = 111
char = c;code = 99
char = c;code = 99
char = u;code = 117
char = r;code = 114
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = n;code = 110
char = c;code = 99
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = o;code = 111
char = f;code = 102
char = ;code = 32
char = l;code = 108
char = o;code = 111
char = c;code = 99
char = a;code = 97
char = l;code = 108
char = ;code = 32
char = h;code = 104
char = i;code = 105
char = g;code = 103
char = h;code = 104
char = l;code = 108
char = y;code = 121
char = ;code = 32
char = s;code = 115
char = u;code = 117
char = s;code = 115
char = c;code = 99
char = e;code = 101
char = p;code = 112
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = b;code = 98
char = l;code = 108
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = B;code = 66
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = a;code = 97
char = b;code = 98
char = a;code = 97
char = c;code = 99
char = i;code = 105
char = ;code = 32
char = p;code = 112
char = o;code = 111
char = p;code = 112
char = u;code = 117
char = l;code = 108
char = a;code = 97
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = o;code = 111
char = n;code = 110
char = s;code = 115
char = ;code = 32
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
char = ';code = 39
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = f;code = 102
char = u;code = 117
char = g;code = 103
char = i;code = 105
char = a;code = 97
char = ';code = 39
char = .;code = 46
char = ;code = 32
char = I;code = 73
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
char = p;code = 112
char = a;code = 97
char = i;code = 105
char = r;code = 114
char = w;code = 119
char = i;code = 105
char = s;code = 115
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = c;code = 99
char = o;code = 111
char = m;code = 109
char = p;code = 112
char = a;code = 97
char = r;code = 114
char = i;code = 105
char = s;code = 115
char = o;code = 111
char = n;code = 110
char = s;code = 115
char = ;code = 32
char = o;code = 111
char = f;code = 102
char = ;code = 32
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = s;code = 115
char = i;code = 105
char = s;code = 115
char = t;code = 116
char = a;code = 97
char = n;code = 110
char = c;code = 99
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = l;code = 108
char = e;code = 101
char = v;code = 118
char = e;code = 101
char = l;code = 108
char = s;code = 115
char = ,;code = 44
char = ;code = 32
char = c;code = 99
char = o;code = 111
char = r;code = 114
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = l;code = 108
char = a;code = 97
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = o;code = 111
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
char = w;code = 119
char = a;code = 97
char = s;code = 115
char = ;code = 32
char = o;code = 111
char = b;code = 98
char = s;code = 115
char = e;code = 101
char = r;code = 114
char = v;code = 118
char = e;code = 101
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = b;code = 98
char = e;code = 101
char = t;code = 116
char = w;code = 119
char = e;code = 101
char = e;code = 101
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = L;code = 76
char = C;code = 67
char = 5;code = 53
char = 0;code = 48
char = ;code = 32
char = v;code = 118
char = a;code = 97
char = l;code = 108
char = u;code = 117
char = e;code = 101
char = s;code = 115
char = ;code = 32
char = o;code = 111
char = f;code = 102
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = p;code = 112
char = y;code = 121
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = r;code = 114
char = o;code = 111
char = i;code = 105
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = s;code = 115
char = e;code = 101
char = c;code = 99
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = c;code = 99
char = i;code = 105
char = d;code = 100
char = e;code = 101
char = s;code = 115
char = ;code = 32
char = b;code = 98
char = i;code = 105
char = f;code = 102
char = e;code = 101
char = n;code = 110
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = r;code = 114
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = n;code = 110
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = l;code = 108
char = p;code = 112
char = h;code = 104
char = a;code = 97
char = -;code = 45
char = c;code = 99
char = y;code = 121
char = p;code = 112
char = e;code = 101
char = r;code = 114
char = m;code = 109
char = e;code = 101
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = r;code = 114
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = .;code = 46
char = <;code = 60
char = b;code = 98
char = r;code = 114
char = /;code = 47
char = >;code = 62
result sql = The resistance levels to alpha-cypermethrin, bifenthrin, pirimiphos-methyl, endosulfan and imidacloprid were determined in Bemisia tabaci (Gennadius) from Crete. Five B tabaci populations collected from greenhouse and outdoor crops were bioassayed and compared with a reference susceptible strain. BEMISIA TABACI COLLECTED IN A FLORICULTURE GREENHOUSE EXHIBITED THE HIGHEST RESISTANCE AGAINST ALL INSECTICIDES: at LC50, resistance factors were 23-fold for bifenthrin, 80-fold for alpha-cypermethrin, 18-fold for pirimiphos-methyl, 58-fold for endosulfan and 730-fold for imidacloprid. A population collected on outdoor melons was more susceptible than the reference strain against all insecticides tested, suggesting the occurrence of local highly susceptible B tabaci populations in 'refugia'. In pairwise comparisons of resistance levels, correlation was observed between the LC50 values of the pyrethroid insecticides bifenthrin and alpha-cypermethrin.
char = n;code = 110
char = s;code = 115
char = e;code = 101
char = c;code = 99
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = c;code = 99
char = i;code = 105
char = d;code = 100
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = s;code = 115
char = i;code = 105
char = s;code = 115
char = t;code = 116
char = a;code = 97
char = n;code = 110
char = c;code = 99
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
char = B;code = 66
char = e;code = 101
char = m;code = 109
char = i;code = 105
char = s;code = 115
char = i;code = 105
char = a;code = 97
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = a;code = 97
char = b;code = 98
char = a;code = 97
char = c;code = 99
char = i;code = 105
char = ;code = 32
char = (;code = 40
char = H;code = 72
char = o;code = 111
char = m;code = 109
char = o;code = 111
char = p;code = 112
char = t;code = 116
char = e;code = 101
char = r;code = 114
char = a;code = 97
char = :;code = 58
char = ;code = 32
char = A;code = 65
char = l;code = 108
char = e;code = 101
char = y;code = 121
char = r;code = 114
char = o;code = 111
char = d;code = 100
char = i;code = 105
char = d;code = 100
char = a;code = 97
char = e;code = 101
char = );code = 41
char = ;code = 32
char = p;code = 112
char = o;code = 111
char = p;code = 112
char = u;code = 117
char = l;code = 108
char = a;code = 97
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = o;code = 111
char = n;code = 110
char = s;code = 115
char = ;code = 32
char = f;code = 102
char = r;code = 114
char = o;code = 111
char = m;code = 109
char = ;code = 32
char = C;code = 67
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = t;code = 116
char = e;code = 101
char = .;code = 46
result sql = Insecticide resistance in Bemisia tabaci (Homoptera: Aleyrodidae) populations from Crete.
char = h;code = 104
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = s;code = 115
char = i;code = 105
char = s;code = 115
char = t;code = 116
char = a;code = 97
char = n;code = 110
char = c;code = 99
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = l;code = 108
char = e;code = 101
char = v;code = 118
char = e;code = 101
char = l;code = 108
char = s;code = 115
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = o;code = 111
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = l;code = 108
char = p;code = 112
char = h;code = 104
char = a;code = 97
char = -;code = 45
char = c;code = 99
char = y;code = 121
char = p;code = 112
char = e;code = 101
char = r;code = 114
char = m;code = 109
char = e;code = 101
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = r;code = 114
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = ,;code = 44
char = ;code = 32
char = b;code = 98
char = i;code = 105
char = f;code = 102
char = e;code = 101
char = n;code = 110
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = r;code = 114
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = ,;code = 44
char = ;code = 32
char = p;code = 112
char = i;code = 105
char = r;code = 114
char = i;code = 105
char = m;code = 109
char = i;code = 105
char = p;code = 112
char = h;code = 104
char = o;code = 111
char = s;code = 115
char = -;code = 45
char = m;code = 109
char = e;code = 101
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = y;code = 121
char = l;code = 108
char = ,;code = 44
char = ;code = 32
char = e;code = 101
char = n;code = 110
char = d;code = 100
char = o;code = 111
char = s;code = 115
char = u;code = 117
char = l;code = 108
char = f;code = 102
char = a;code = 97
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = n;code = 110
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = i;code = 105
char = m;code = 109
char = i;code = 105
char = d;code = 100
char = a;code = 97
char = c;code = 99
char = l;code = 108
char = o;code = 111
char = p;code = 112
char = r;code = 114
char = i;code = 105
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = w;code = 119
char = e;code = 101
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = d;code = 100
char = e;code = 101
char = t;code = 116
char = e;code = 101
char = r;code = 114
char = m;code = 109
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = e;code = 101
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
char = B;code = 66
char = e;code = 101
char = m;code = 109
char = i;code = 105
char = s;code = 115
char = i;code = 105
char = a;code = 97
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = a;code = 97
char = b;code = 98
char = a;code = 97
char = c;code = 99
char = i;code = 105
char = ;code = 32
char = (;code = 40
char = G;code = 71
char = e;code = 101
char = n;code = 110
char = n;code = 110
char = a;code = 97
char = d;code = 100
char = i;code = 105
char = u;code = 117
char = s;code = 115
char = );code = 41
char = ;code = 32
char = f;code = 102
char = r;code = 114
char = o;code = 111
char = m;code = 109
char = ;code = 32
char = C;code = 67
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = t;code = 116
char = e;code = 101
char = .;code = 46
char = ;code = 32
char = F;code = 70
char = i;code = 105
char = v;code = 118
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = B;code = 66
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = a;code = 97
char = b;code = 98
char = a;code = 97
char = c;code = 99
char = i;code = 105
char = ;code = 32
char = p;code = 112
char = o;code = 111
char = p;code = 112
char = u;code = 117
char = l;code = 108
char = a;code = 97
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = o;code = 111
char = n;code = 110
char = s;code = 115
char = ;code = 32
char = c;code = 99
char = o;code = 111
char = l;code = 108
char = l;code = 108
char = e;code = 101
char = c;code = 99
char = t;code = 116
char = e;code = 101
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = f;code = 102
char = r;code = 114
char = o;code = 111
char = m;code = 109
char = ;code = 32
char = g;code = 103
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = e;code = 101
char = n;code = 110
char = h;code = 104
char = o;code = 111
char = u;code = 117
char = s;code = 115
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = n;code = 110
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = o;code = 111
char = u;code = 117
char = t;code = 116
char = d;code = 100
char = o;code = 111
char = o;code = 111
char = r;code = 114
char = ;code = 32
char = c;code = 99
char = r;code = 114
char = o;code = 111
char = p;code = 112
char = s;code = 115
char = ;code = 32
char = w;code = 119
char = e;code = 101
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = b;code = 98
char = i;code = 105
char = o;code = 111
char = a;code = 97
char = s;code = 115
char = s;code = 115
char = a;code = 97
char = y;code = 121
char = e;code = 101
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = n;code = 110
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = c;code = 99
char = o;code = 111
char = m;code = 109
char = p;code = 112
char = a;code = 97
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = w;code = 119
char = i;code = 105
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = ;code = 32
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = f;code = 102
char = e;code = 101
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = n;code = 110
char = c;code = 99
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = s;code = 115
char = u;code = 117
char = s;code = 115
char = c;code = 99
char = e;code = 101
char = p;code = 112
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = b;code = 98
char = l;code = 108
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = s;code = 115
char = t;code = 116
char = r;code = 114
char = a;code = 97
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = .;code = 46
char = ;code = 32
char = <;code = 60
char = b;code = 98
char = >;code = 62
char = B;code = 66
char = E;code = 69
char = M;code = 77
char = I;code = 73
char = S;code = 83
char = I;code = 73
char = A;code = 65
char = ;code = 32
char = T;code = 84
char = A;code = 65
char = B;code = 66
char = A;code = 65
char = C;code = 67
char = I;code = 73
char = ;code = 32
char = C;code = 67
char = O;code = 79
char = L;code = 76
char = L;code = 76
char = E;code = 69
char = C;code = 67
char = T;code = 84
char = E;code = 69
char = D;code = 68
char = ;code = 32
char = I;code = 73
char = N;code = 78
char = ;code = 32
char = A;code = 65
char = ;code = 32
char = F;code = 70
char = L;code = 76
char = O;code = 79
char = R;code = 82
char = I;code = 73
char = C;code = 67
char = U;code = 85
char = L;code = 76
char = T;code = 84
char = U;code = 85
char = R;code = 82
char = E;code = 69
char = ;code = 32
char = G;code = 71
char = R;code = 82
char = E;code = 69
char = E;code = 69
char = N;code = 78
char = H;code = 72
char = O;code = 79
char = U;code = 85
char = S;code = 83
char = E;code = 69
char = ;code = 32
char = E;code = 69
char = X;code = 88
char = H;code = 72
char = I;code = 73
char = B;code = 66
char = I;code = 73
char = T;code = 84
char = E;code = 69
char = D;code = 68
char = ;code = 32
char = T;code = 84
char = H;code = 72
char = E;code = 69
char = ;code = 32
char = H;code = 72
char = I;code = 73
char = G;code = 71
char = H;code = 72
char = E;code = 69
char = S;code = 83
char = T;code = 84
char = ;code = 32
char = R;code = 82
char = E;code = 69
char = S;code = 83
char = I;code = 73
char = S;code = 83
char = T;code = 84
char = A;code = 65
char = N;code = 78
char = C;code = 67
char = E;code = 69
char = ;code = 32
char = A;code = 65
char = G;code = 71
char = A;code = 65
char = I;code = 73
char = N;code = 78
char = S;code = 83
char = T;code = 84
char = ;code = 32
char = A;code = 65
char = L;code = 76
char = L;code = 76
char = ;code = 32
char = I;code = 73
char = N;code = 78
char = S;code = 83
char = E;code = 69
char = C;code = 67
char = T;code = 84
char = I;code = 73
char = C;code = 67
char = I;code = 73
char = D;code = 68
char = E;code = 69
char = S;code = 83
char = :;code = 58
char = ;code = 32
char = <;code = 60
char = /;code = 47
char = b;code = 98
char = >;code = 62
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = t;code = 116
char = ;code = 32
char = L;code = 76
char = C;code = 67
char = 5;code = 53
char = 0;code = 48
char = ,;code = 44
char = ;code = 32
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = s;code = 115
char = i;code = 105
char = s;code = 115
char = t;code = 116
char = a;code = 97
char = n;code = 110
char = c;code = 99
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = f;code = 102
char = a;code = 97
char = c;code = 99
char = t;code = 116
char = o;code = 111
char = r;code = 114
char = s;code = 115
char = ;code = 32
char = w;code = 119
char = e;code = 101
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = 2;code = 50
char = 3;code = 51
char = -;code = 45
char = f;code = 102
char = o;code = 111
char = l;code = 108
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = f;code = 102
char = o;code = 111
char = r;code = 114
char = ;code = 32
char = b;code = 98
char = i;code = 105
char = f;code = 102
char = e;code = 101
char = n;code = 110
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = r;code = 114
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = ,;code = 44
char = ;code = 32
char = 8;code = 56
char = 0;code = 48
char = -;code = 45
char = f;code = 102
char = o;code = 111
char = l;code = 108
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = f;code = 102
char = o;code = 111
char = r;code = 114
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = l;code = 108
char = p;code = 112
char = h;code = 104
char = a;code = 97
char = -;code = 45
char = c;code = 99
char = y;code = 121
char = p;code = 112
char = e;code = 101
char = r;code = 114
char = m;code = 109
char = e;code = 101
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = r;code = 114
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = ,;code = 44
char = ;code = 32
char = 1;code = 49
char = 8;code = 56
char = -;code = 45
char = f;code = 102
char = o;code = 111
char = l;code = 108
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = f;code = 102
char = o;code = 111
char = r;code = 114
char = ;code = 32
char = p;code = 112
char = i;code = 105
char = r;code = 114
char = i;code = 105
char = m;code = 109
char = i;code = 105
char = p;code = 112
char = h;code = 104
char = o;code = 111
char = s;code = 115
char = -;code = 45
char = m;code = 109
char = e;code = 101
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = y;code = 121
char = l;code = 108
char = ,;code = 44
char = ;code = 32
char = 5;code = 53
char = 8;code = 56
char = -;code = 45
char = f;code = 102
char = o;code = 111
char = l;code = 108
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = f;code = 102
char = o;code = 111
char = r;code = 114
char = ;code = 32
char = e;code = 101
char = n;code = 110
char = d;code = 100
char = o;code = 111
char = s;code = 115
char = u;code = 117
char = l;code = 108
char = f;code = 102
char = a;code = 97
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = n;code = 110
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = 7;code = 55
char = 3;code = 51
char = 0;code = 48
char = -;code = 45
char = f;code = 102
char = o;code = 111
char = l;code = 108
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = f;code = 102
char = o;code = 111
char = r;code = 114
char = ;code = 32
char = i;code = 105
char = m;code = 109
char = i;code = 105
char = d;code = 100
char = a;code = 97
char = c;code = 99
char = l;code = 108
char = o;code = 111
char = p;code = 112
char = r;code = 114
char = i;code = 105
char = d;code = 100
char = .;code = 46
char = ;code = 32
char = A;code = 65
char = ;code = 32
char = p;code = 112
char = o;code = 111
char = p;code = 112
char = u;code = 117
char = l;code = 108
char = a;code = 97
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = o;code = 111
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
char = c;code = 99
char = o;code = 111
char = l;code = 108
char = l;code = 108
char = e;code = 101
char = c;code = 99
char = t;code = 116
char = e;code = 101
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = o;code = 111
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
char = o;code = 111
char = u;code = 117
char = t;code = 116
char = d;code = 100
char = o;code = 111
char = o;code = 111
char = r;code = 114
char = ;code = 32
char = m;code = 109
char = e;code = 101
char = l;code = 108
char = o;code = 111
char = n;code = 110
char = s;code = 115
char = ;code = 32
char = w;code = 119
char = a;code = 97
char = s;code = 115
char = ;code = 32
char = m;code = 109
char = o;code = 111
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = s;code = 115
char = u;code = 117
char = s;code = 115
char = c;code = 99
char = e;code = 101
char = p;code = 112
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = b;code = 98
char = l;code = 108
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = a;code = 97
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
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result sql = The resistance levels to alpha-cypermethrin, bifenthrin, pirimiphos-methyl, endosulfan and imidacloprid were determined in Bemisia tabaci (Gennadius) from Crete. Five B tabaci populations collected from greenhouse and outdoor crops were bioassayed and compared with a reference susceptible strain. BEMISIA TABACI COLLECTED IN A FLORICULTURE GREENHOUSE EXHIBITED THE HIGHEST RESISTANCE AGAINST ALL INSECTICIDES: at LC50, resistance factors were 23-fold for bifenthrin, 80-fold for alpha-cypermethrin, 18-fold for pirimiphos-methyl, 58-fold for endosulfan and 730-fold for imidacloprid. A population collected on outdoor melons was more susceptible than the reference strain against all insecticides tested, suggesting the occurrence of local highly susceptible B tabaci populations in 'refugia'. In pairwise comparisons of resistance levels, correlation was observed between the LC50 values of the pyrethroid insecticides bifenthrin and alpha-cypermethrin.
Publication: Pest Manag. Sci. 2005 Jun ;61(6)::577-82.
Publication Date: 2005 Jun
Study Author(s): Roditakis, Emmanouil;Roditakis, Nikos E;Tsagkarakou, Anastasia;
Institution: Plant Protection Institute of Heraklio, National Agricultural Research Foundation, 71003 Heraklio, Greece. [email protected]
Shortcut link to this study:
Publication Date: 2005 Jun
Study Author(s): Roditakis, Emmanouil;Roditakis, Nikos E;Tsagkarakou, Anastasia;
Institution: Plant Protection Institute of Heraklio, National Agricultural Research Foundation, 71003 Heraklio, Greece. [email protected]
Shortcut link to this study:
The resistance levels to alpha-cypermethrin, bifenthrin, pirimiphos-methyl, endosulfan and imidacloprid were determined in Bemisia tabaci (Gennadius) from Crete. Five B tabaci populations collected from greenhouse and outdoor crops were bioassayed and compared with a reference susceptible strain. BEMISIA TABACI COLLECTED IN A FLORICULTURE GREENHOUSE EXHIBITED THE HIGHEST RESISTANCE AGAINST ALL INSECTICIDES: at LC50, resistance factors were 23-fold for bifenthrin, 80-fold for alpha-cypermethrin, 18-fold for pirimiphos-methyl, 58-fold for endosulfan and 730-fold for imidacloprid. A population collected on outdoor melons was more susceptible than the reference strain against all insecticides tested, suggesting the occurrence of local highly susceptible B tabaci populations in 'refugia'. In pairwise comparisons of resistance levels, correlation was observed between the LC50 values of the pyrethroid insecticides bifenthrin and alpha-cypermethrin.
PMID: 15712366
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