|
|
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result sql = Caffeine induces differential cross tolerance to the amphetamine-like discriminative stimulus effects of dopaminergic agonists.
Caffeine induces differential cross tolerance to the amphetamine-like discriminative stimulus effects of dopaminergic agonists.char = T;code = 84
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result sql = The purpose of this study was to determine if caffeine induces cross tolerance to the amphetamine-like discriminative stimulus effects of dopaminergic drugs that act through distinct mechanisms (e.g., release, uptake inhibition, direct activation of dopamine D(1)- or D(2)-family receptors). Rats were trained to discriminate 1.0 mg/kg d-amphetamine from saline in a two-choice discrete-trial procedure. Stimulus-generalization curves were generated by cumulative dosing for d-amphetamine (0.1-1.0 mg/kg), methylphenidate (0.3-5.6 mg/kg), SKF 81297 (0.3-3.0 mg/kg), and R-(-)-propylnorapomorphine (NPA; 0.001-1.78 mg/kg), as well as for caffeine (3.0-56 mg/kg); curves were re-determined after twice daily injections of caffeine (30 mg/kg) for 3.5 days. The rats generalized dose dependently to the four dopaminergic drugs, but only to a limited extent to caffeine. Twice daily injections of caffeine induced significant cross tolerance (i.e., increased ED(50)) to the amphetamine-like discriminative effects of methylphenidate and SKF 81297, attenuated non-significantly the effects of NPA, and did not alter the effects of amphetamine. Thus, caffeine produces differential cross tolerance to the amphetamine-like discriminative effects of dopaminergic drugs, a phenomenon in which the dopamine D(1) receptor appears to have an important role.
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char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
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char = c;code = 99
char = e;code = 101
char = s;code = 115
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char = d;code = 100
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char = f;code = 102
char = f;code = 102
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char = e;code = 101
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char = a;code = 97
char = l;code = 108
char = ;code = 32
char = c;code = 99
char = r;code = 114
char = o;code = 111
char = s;code = 115
char = s;code = 115
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = o;code = 111
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char = a;code = 97
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char = f;code = 102
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char = c;code = 99
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char = o;code = 111
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char = i;code = 105
char = s;code = 115
char = t;code = 116
char = s;code = 115
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result sql = Caffeine induces differential cross tolerance to the amphetamine-like discriminative stimulus effects of dopaminergic agonists.
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char = ,;code = 44
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char = t;code = 116
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char = n;code = 110
char = h;code = 104
char = i;code = 105
char = b;code = 98
char = i;code = 105
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char = o;code = 111
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char = ,;code = 44
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char = d;code = 100
char = i;code = 105
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = c;code = 99
char = t;code = 116
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char = a;code = 97
char = c;code = 99
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char = i;code = 105
char = v;code = 118
char = a;code = 97
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = o;code = 111
char = n;code = 110
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char = o;code = 111
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char = a;code = 97
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char = n;code = 110
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char = ;code = 32
char = D;code = 68
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char = -;code = 45
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char = o;code = 111
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char = ;code = 32
char = D;code = 68
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char = 2;code = 50
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char = -;code = 45
char = f;code = 102
char = a;code = 97
char = m;code = 109
char = i;code = 105
char = l;code = 108
char = y;code = 121
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char = r;code = 114
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char = c;code = 99
char = e;code = 101
char = p;code = 112
char = t;code = 116
char = o;code = 111
char = r;code = 114
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char = .;code = 46
char = ;code = 32
char = R;code = 82
char = a;code = 97
char = t;code = 116
char = s;code = 115
char = ;code = 32
char = w;code = 119
char = e;code = 101
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
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char = t;code = 116
char = r;code = 114
char = a;code = 97
char = i;code = 105
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char = e;code = 101
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char = t;code = 116
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char = d;code = 100
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char = s;code = 115
char = c;code = 99
char = r;code = 114
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char = m;code = 109
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = a;code = 97
char = t;code = 116
char = e;code = 101
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char = 1;code = 49
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char = k;code = 107
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char = d;code = 100
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char = a;code = 97
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char = h;code = 104
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char = a;code = 97
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char = n;code = 110
char = e;code = 101
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char = f;code = 102
char = r;code = 114
char = o;code = 111
char = m;code = 109
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char = s;code = 115
char = a;code = 97
char = l;code = 108
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = e;code = 101
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char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
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char = t;code = 116
char = w;code = 119
char = o;code = 111
char = -;code = 45
char = c;code = 99
char = h;code = 104
char = o;code = 111
char = i;code = 105
char = c;code = 99
char = e;code = 101
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char = d;code = 100
char = i;code = 105
char = s;code = 115
char = c;code = 99
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = t;code = 116
char = e;code = 101
char = -;code = 45
char = t;code = 116
char = r;code = 114
char = i;code = 105
char = a;code = 97
char = l;code = 108
char = ;code = 32
char = p;code = 112
char = r;code = 114
char = o;code = 111
char = c;code = 99
char = e;code = 101
char = d;code = 100
char = u;code = 117
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = .;code = 46
char = ;code = 32
char = S;code = 83
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = m;code = 109
char = u;code = 117
char = l;code = 108
char = u;code = 117
char = s;code = 115
char = -;code = 45
char = g;code = 103
char = e;code = 101
char = n;code = 110
char = e;code = 101
char = r;code = 114
char = a;code = 97
char = l;code = 108
char = i;code = 105
char = z;code = 122
char = a;code = 97
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = o;code = 111
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
char = c;code = 99
char = u;code = 117
char = r;code = 114
char = v;code = 118
char = e;code = 101
char = s;code = 115
char = ;code = 32
char = w;code = 119
char = e;code = 101
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = g;code = 103
char = e;code = 101
char = n;code = 110
char = e;code = 101
char = r;code = 114
char = a;code = 97
char = t;code = 116
char = e;code = 101
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = b;code = 98
char = y;code = 121
char = ;code = 32
char = c;code = 99
char = u;code = 117
char = m;code = 109
char = u;code = 117
char = l;code = 108
char = a;code = 97
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = v;code = 118
char = e;code = 101
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char = d;code = 100
char = o;code = 111
char = s;code = 115
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = g;code = 103
char = ;code = 32
char = f;code = 102
char = o;code = 111
char = r;code = 114
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char = d;code = 100
char = -;code = 45
char = a;code = 97
char = m;code = 109
char = p;code = 112
char = h;code = 104
char = e;code = 101
char = t;code = 116
char = a;code = 97
char = m;code = 109
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = (;code = 40
char = 0;code = 48
char = .;code = 46
char = 1;code = 49
char = -;code = 45
char = 1;code = 49
char = .;code = 46
char = 0;code = 48
char = ;code = 32
char = m;code = 109
char = g;code = 103
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char = k;code = 107
char = g;code = 103
char = );code = 41
char = ,;code = 44
char = ;code = 32
char = m;code = 109
char = e;code = 101
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = y;code = 121
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char = p;code = 112
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char = e;code = 101
char = n;code = 110
char = i;code = 105
char = d;code = 100
char = a;code = 97
char = t;code = 116
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = (;code = 40
char = 0;code = 48
char = .;code = 46
char = 3;code = 51
char = -;code = 45
char = 5;code = 53
char = .;code = 46
char = 6;code = 54
char = ;code = 32
char = m;code = 109
char = g;code = 103
char = /;code = 47
char = k;code = 107
char = g;code = 103
char = );code = 41
char = ,;code = 44
char = ;code = 32
char = S;code = 83
char = K;code = 75
char = F;code = 70
char = ;code = 32
char = 8;code = 56
char = 1;code = 49
char = 2;code = 50
char = 9;code = 57
char = 7;code = 55
char = ;code = 32
char = (;code = 40
char = 0;code = 48
char = .;code = 46
char = 3;code = 51
char = -;code = 45
char = 3;code = 51
char = .;code = 46
char = 0;code = 48
char = ;code = 32
char = m;code = 109
char = g;code = 103
char = /;code = 47
char = k;code = 107
char = g;code = 103
char = );code = 41
char = ,;code = 44
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = n;code = 110
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = R;code = 82
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char = (;code = 40
char = -;code = 45
char = );code = 41
char = -;code = 45
char = p;code = 112
char = r;code = 114
char = o;code = 111
char = p;code = 112
char = y;code = 121
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char = n;code = 110
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char = r;code = 114
char = a;code = 97
char = p;code = 112
char = o;code = 111
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char = o;code = 111
char = r;code = 114
char = p;code = 112
char = h;code = 104
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = (;code = 40
char = N;code = 78
char = P;code = 80
char = A;code = 65
char = ;;code = 59
char = ;code = 32
char = 0;code = 48
char = .;code = 46
char = 0;code = 48
char = 0;code = 48
char = 1;code = 49
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char = 1;code = 49
char = .;code = 46
char = 7;code = 55
char = 8;code = 56
char = ;code = 32
char = m;code = 109
char = g;code = 103
char = /;code = 47
char = k;code = 107
char = g;code = 103
char = );code = 41
char = ,;code = 44
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
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char = ;code = 32
char = w;code = 119
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char = l;code = 108
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = s;code = 115
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char = f;code = 102
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char = c;code = 99
char = a;code = 97
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char = f;code = 102
char = e;code = 101
char = i;code = 105
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char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = (;code = 40
char = 3;code = 51
char = .;code = 46
char = 0;code = 48
char = -;code = 45
char = 5;code = 53
char = 6;code = 54
char = ;code = 32
char = m;code = 109
char = g;code = 103
char = /;code = 47
char = k;code = 107
char = g;code = 103
char = );code = 41
char = ;;code = 59
char = ;code = 32
char = c;code = 99
char = u;code = 117
char = r;code = 114
char = v;code = 118
char = e;code = 101
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char = w;code = 119
char = e;code = 101
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
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char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
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char = d;code = 100
char = e;code = 101
char = t;code = 116
char = e;code = 101
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char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = f;code = 102
char = t;code = 116
char = e;code = 101
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char = t;code = 116
char = w;code = 119
char = i;code = 105
char = c;code = 99
char = e;code = 101
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char = d;code = 100
char = a;code = 97
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char = l;code = 108
char = y;code = 121
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char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = j;code = 106
char = e;code = 101
char = c;code = 99
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char = i;code = 105
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char = n;code = 110
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char = o;code = 111
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char = ;code = 32
char = c;code = 99
char = a;code = 97
char = f;code = 102
char = f;code = 102
char = e;code = 101
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char = n;code = 110
char = e;code = 101
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char = (;code = 40
char = 3;code = 51
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char = m;code = 109
char = g;code = 103
char = /;code = 47
char = k;code = 107
char = g;code = 103
char = );code = 41
char = ;code = 32
char = f;code = 102
char = o;code = 111
char = r;code = 114
char = ;code = 32
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char = 5;code = 53
char = ;code = 32
char = d;code = 100
char = a;code = 97
char = y;code = 121
char = s;code = 115
char = .;code = 46
char = ;code = 32
char = T;code = 84
char = h;code = 104
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = r;code = 114
char = a;code = 97
char = t;code = 116
char = s;code = 115
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char = g;code = 103
char = e;code = 101
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char = e;code = 101
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char = a;code = 97
char = l;code = 108
char = i;code = 105
char = z;code = 122
char = e;code = 101
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = d;code = 100
char = o;code = 111
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char = e;code = 101
char = p;code = 112
char = e;code = 101
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char = d;code = 100
char = e;code = 101
char = n;code = 110
char = t;code = 116
char = l;code = 108
char = y;code = 121
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char = t;code = 116
char = o;code = 111
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = f;code = 102
char = o;code = 111
char = u;code = 117
char = r;code = 114
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char = d;code = 100
char = o;code = 111
char = p;code = 112
char = a;code = 97
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char = i;code = 105
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char = r;code = 114
char = g;code = 103
char = i;code = 105
char = c;code = 99
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char = r;code = 114
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char = g;code = 103
char = s;code = 115
char = ,;code = 44
char = ;code = 32
char = b;code = 98
char = u;code = 117
char = t;code = 116
char = ;code = 32
char = o;code = 111
char = n;code = 110
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char = y;code = 121
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char = t;code = 116
char = o;code = 111
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char = a;code = 97
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char = l;code = 108
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char = m;code = 109
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char = t;code = 116
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char = t;code = 116
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char = t;code = 116
char = o;code = 111
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char = c;code = 99
char = a;code = 97
char = f;code = 102
char = f;code = 102
char = e;code = 101
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char = .;code = 46
char = ;code = 32
char = T;code = 84
char = w;code = 119
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char = c;code = 99
char = e;code = 101
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char = a;code = 97
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char = a;code = 97
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char = d;code = 100
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char = E;code = 69
char = D;code = 68
char = (;code = 40
char = 5;code = 53
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char = );code = 41
char = );code = 41
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char = k;code = 107
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char = a;code = 97
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char = e;code = 101
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char = f;code = 102
char = e;code = 101
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char = a;code = 97
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char = d;code = 100
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char = S;code = 83
char = K;code = 75
char = F;code = 70
char = ;code = 32
char = 8;code = 56
char = 1;code = 49
char = 2;code = 50
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char = 7;code = 55
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char = -;code = 45
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char = g;code = 103
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char = y;code = 121
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char = e;code = 101
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char = e;code = 101
char = f;code = 102
char = f;code = 102
char = e;code = 101
char = c;code = 99
char = t;code = 116
char = s;code = 115
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char = o;code = 111
char = f;code = 102
char = ;code = 32
char = N;code = 78
char = P;code = 80
char = A;code = 65
char = ,;code = 44
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char = a;code = 97
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char = d;code = 100
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char = a;code = 97
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char = t;code = 116
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char = r;code = 114
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char = e;code = 101
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char = e;code = 101
char = f;code = 102
char = f;code = 102
char = e;code = 101
char = c;code = 99
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char = s;code = 115
char = ;code = 32
char = o;code = 111
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char = h;code = 104
char = e;code = 101
char = t;code = 116
char = a;code = 97
char = m;code = 109
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
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char = .;code = 46
char = ;code = 32
char = T;code = 84
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char = u;code = 117
char = s;code = 115
char = ,;code = 44
char = ;code = 32
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char = a;code = 97
char = f;code = 102
char = f;code = 102
char = e;code = 101
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = p;code = 112
char = r;code = 114
char = o;code = 111
char = d;code = 100
char = u;code = 117
char = c;code = 99
char = e;code = 101
char = s;code = 115
char = ;code = 32
char = d;code = 100
char = i;code = 105
char = f;code = 102
char = f;code = 102
char = e;code = 101
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = n;code = 110
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = a;code = 97
char = l;code = 108
char = ;code = 32
char = c;code = 99
char = r;code = 114
char = o;code = 111
char = s;code = 115
char = s;code = 115
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = o;code = 111
char = l;code = 108
char = e;code = 101
char = r;code = 114
char = a;code = 97
char = n;code = 110
char = c;code = 99
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = o;code = 111
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = m;code = 109
char = p;code = 112
char = h;code = 104
char = e;code = 101
char = t;code = 116
char = a;code = 97
char = m;code = 109
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = e;code = 101
char = -;code = 45
char = l;code = 108
char = i;code = 105
char = k;code = 107
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = d;code = 100
char = i;code = 105
char = s;code = 115
char = c;code = 99
char = r;code = 114
char = i;code = 105
char = m;code = 109
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = a;code = 97
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = v;code = 118
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = e;code = 101
char = f;code = 102
char = f;code = 102
char = e;code = 101
char = c;code = 99
char = t;code = 116
char = s;code = 115
char = ;code = 32
char = o;code = 111
char = f;code = 102
char = ;code = 32
char = d;code = 100
char = o;code = 111
char = p;code = 112
char = a;code = 97
char = m;code = 109
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = e;code = 101
char = r;code = 114
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char = i;code = 105
char = c;code = 99
char = ;code = 32
char = d;code = 100
char = r;code = 114
char = u;code = 117
char = g;code = 103
char = s;code = 115
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char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = ;code = 32
char = p;code = 112
char = h;code = 104
char = e;code = 101
char = n;code = 110
char = o;code = 111
char = m;code = 109
char = e;code = 101
char = n;code = 110
char = o;code = 111
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
char = w;code = 119
char = h;code = 104
char = i;code = 105
char = c;code = 99
char = h;code = 104
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = d;code = 100
char = o;code = 111
char = p;code = 112
char = a;code = 97
char = m;code = 109
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = D;code = 68
char = (;code = 40
char = 1;code = 49
char = );code = 41
char = ;code = 32
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = c;code = 99
char = e;code = 101
char = p;code = 112
char = t;code = 116
char = o;code = 111
char = r;code = 114
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = p;code = 112
char = p;code = 112
char = e;code = 101
char = a;code = 97
char = r;code = 114
char = s;code = 115
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = o;code = 111
char = ;code = 32
char = h;code = 104
char = a;code = 97
char = v;code = 118
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
char = i;code = 105
char = m;code = 109
char = p;code = 112
char = o;code = 111
char = r;code = 114
char = t;code = 116
char = a;code = 97
char = n;code = 110
char = t;code = 116
char = ;code = 32
char = r;code = 114
char = o;code = 111
char = l;code = 108
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char = <;code = 60
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result sql = The purpose of this study was to determine if caffeine induces cross tolerance to the amphetamine-like discriminative stimulus effects of dopaminergic drugs that act through distinct mechanisms (e.g., release, uptake inhibition, direct activation of dopamine D(1)- or D(2)-family receptors). Rats were trained to discriminate 1.0 mg/kg d-amphetamine from saline in a two-choice discrete-trial procedure. Stimulus-generalization curves were generated by cumulative dosing for d-amphetamine (0.1-1.0 mg/kg), methylphenidate (0.3-5.6 mg/kg), SKF 81297 (0.3-3.0 mg/kg), and R-(-)-propylnorapomorphine (NPA; 0.001-1.78 mg/kg), as well as for caffeine (3.0-56 mg/kg); curves were re-determined after twice daily injections of caffeine (30 mg/kg) for 3.5 days. The rats generalized dose dependently to the four dopaminergic drugs, but only to a limited extent to caffeine. Twice daily injections of caffeine induced significant cross tolerance (i.e., increased ED(50)) to the amphetamine-like discriminative effects of methylphenidate and SKF 81297, attenuated non-significantly the effects of NPA, and did not alter the effects of amphetamine. Thus, caffeine produces differential cross tolerance to the amphetamine-like discriminative effects of dopaminergic drugs, a phenomenon in which the dopamine D(1) receptor appears to have an important role.
Publication: Brain Res. Bull. 2005 May 15 ;65(5)::415-21.
Publication Date: 2005 May 15
Study Author(s): Jain, Raka;Holtzman, Stephen G;
Institution: National Drug Dependence Treatment Centre, Department of Psychiatry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi-110029, India. [email protected]
Shortcut link to this study:
Publication Date: 2005 May 15
Study Author(s): Jain, Raka;Holtzman, Stephen G;
Institution: National Drug Dependence Treatment Centre, Department of Psychiatry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi-110029, India. [email protected]
Shortcut link to this study:
The purpose of this study was to determine if caffeine induces cross tolerance to the amphetamine-like discriminative stimulus effects of dopaminergic drugs that act through distinct mechanisms (e.g., release, uptake inhibition, direct activation of dopamine D(1)- or D(2)-family receptors). Rats were trained to discriminate 1.0 mg/kg d-amphetamine from saline in a two-choice discrete-trial procedure. Stimulus-generalization curves were generated by cumulative dosing for d-amphetamine (0.1-1.0 mg/kg), methylphenidate (0.3-5.6 mg/kg), SKF 81297 (0.3-3.0 mg/kg), and R-(-)-propylnorapomorphine (NPA; 0.001-1.78 mg/kg), as well as for caffeine (3.0-56 mg/kg); curves were re-determined after twice daily injections of caffeine (30 mg/kg) for 3.5 days. The rats generalized dose dependently to the four dopaminergic drugs, but only to a limited extent to caffeine. Twice daily injections of caffeine induced significant cross tolerance (i.e., increased ED(50)) to the amphetamine-like discriminative effects of methylphenidate and SKF 81297, attenuated non-significantly the effects of NPA, and did not alter the effects of amphetamine. Thus, caffeine produces differential cross tolerance to the amphetamine-like discriminative effects of dopaminergic drugs, a phenomenon in which the dopamine D(1) receptor appears to have an important role.
PMID: 15833596
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