|
|
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result sql = Reduced insulin secretion in normoglycaemic patients with beta-thalassaemia major.
Reduced insulin secretion in normoglycaemic patients with beta-thalassaemia major.char = <;code = 60
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char = l;code = 108
char = ;code = 32
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = s;code = 115
char = u;code = 117
char = l;code = 108
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
char = s;code = 115
char = e;code = 101
char = c;code = 99
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = o;code = 111
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = f;code = 102
char = a;code = 97
char = s;code = 115
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = g;code = 103
char = ;code = 32
char = s;code = 115
char = t;code = 116
char = a;code = 97
char = t;code = 116
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = (;code = 40
char = e;code = 101
char = s;code = 115
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = m;code = 109
char = a;code = 97
char = t;code = 116
char = e;code = 101
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = b;code = 98
char = y;code = 121
char = ;code = 32
char = S;code = 83
char = C;code = 67
char = (;code = 40
char = H;code = 72
char = O;code = 79
char = M;code = 77
char = A;code = 65
char = );code = 41
char = );code = 41
char = ;code = 32
char = w;code = 119
char = a;code = 97
char = s;code = 115
char = ;code = 32
char = l;code = 108
char = o;code = 111
char = w;code = 119
char = e;code = 101
char = r;code = 114
char = ;code = 32
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = a;code = 97
char = l;code = 108
char = a;code = 97
char = s;code = 115
char = s;code = 115
char = a;code = 97
char = e;code = 101
char = m;code = 109
char = i;code = 105
char = c;code = 99
char = ;code = 32
char = p;code = 112
char = a;code = 97
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = e;code = 101
char = n;code = 110
char = t;code = 116
char = s;code = 115
char = ;code = 32
char = (;code = 40
char = S;code = 83
char = C;code = 67
char = (;code = 40
char = H;code = 72
char = O;code = 79
char = M;code = 77
char = A;code = 65
char = );code = 41
char = ;code = 32
char = 8;code = 56
char = 8;code = 56
char = .;code = 46
char = 5;code = 53
char = ;code = 32
char = +;code = 43
char = /;code = 47
char = -;code = 45
char = ;code = 32
char = 1;code = 49
char = 1;code = 49
char = .;code = 46
char = 1;code = 49
char = 1;code = 49
char = ;code = 32
char = v;code = 118
char = s;code = 115
char = .;code = 46
char = ;code = 32
char = 1;code = 49
char = 8;code = 56
char = 4;code = 52
char = .;code = 46
char = 3;code = 51
char = ;code = 32
char = +;code = 43
char = /;code = 47
char = -;code = 45
char = ;code = 32
char = 2;code = 50
char = 3;code = 51
char = .;code = 46
char = 7;code = 55
char = 2;code = 50
char = ;code = 32
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
char = c;code = 99
char = o;code = 111
char = n;code = 110
char = t;code = 116
char = r;code = 114
char = o;code = 111
char = l;code = 108
char = ;code = 32
char = s;code = 115
char = u;code = 117
char = b;code = 98
char = j;code = 106
char = e;code = 101
char = c;code = 99
char = t;code = 116
char = s;code = 115
char = ,;code = 44
char = ;code = 32
char = P;code = 80
char = ;code = 32
char = <;code = 60
char = ;code = 32
char = 0;code = 48
char = .;code = 46
char = 0;code = 48
char = 0;code = 48
char = 1;code = 49
char = );code = 41
char = .;code = 46
char = ;code = 32
char = P;code = 80
char = a;code = 97
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = e;code = 101
char = n;code = 110
char = t;code = 116
char = s;code = 115
char = ;code = 32
char = w;code = 119
char = e;code = 101
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = e;code = 101
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
char = d;code = 100
char = i;code = 105
char = v;code = 118
char = i;code = 105
char = d;code = 100
char = e;code = 101
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = t;code = 116
char = o;code = 111
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = o;code = 111
char = s;code = 115
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = w;code = 119
char = i;code = 105
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = ;code = 32
char = i;code = 105
char = m;code = 109
char = p;code = 112
char = a;code = 97
char = i;code = 105
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = (;code = 40
char = I;code = 73
char = F;code = 70
char = G;code = 71
char = );code = 41
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = n;code = 110
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = n;code = 110
char = o;code = 111
char = r;code = 114
char = m;code = 109
char = a;code = 97
char = l;code = 108
char = ;code = 32
char = (;code = 40
char = N;code = 78
char = F;code = 70
char = G;code = 71
char = );code = 41
char = ;code = 32
char = f;code = 102
char = a;code = 97
char = s;code = 115
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = g;code = 103
char = ;code = 32
char = g;code = 103
char = l;code = 108
char = u;code = 117
char = c;code = 99
char = o;code = 111
char = s;code = 115
char = e;code = 101
char = .;code = 46
char = ;code = 32
char = S;code = 83
char = C;code = 67
char = (;code = 40
char = H;code = 72
char = O;code = 79
char = M;code = 77
char = A;code = 65
char = );code = 41
char = ;code = 32
char = w;code = 119
char = a;code = 97
char = s;code = 115
char = ;code = 32
char = h;code = 104
char = i;code = 105
char = g;code = 103
char = h;code = 104
char = e;code = 101
char = r;code = 114
char = ;code = 32
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = p;code = 112
char = a;code = 97
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = e;code = 101
char = n;code = 110
char = t;code = 116
char = s;code = 115
char = ;code = 32
char = w;code = 119
char = i;code = 105
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = ;code = 32
char = N;code = 78
char = F;code = 70
char = G;code = 71
char = ;code = 32
char = c;code = 99
char = o;code = 111
char = m;code = 109
char = p;code = 112
char = a;code = 97
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = w;code = 119
char = i;code = 105
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = o;code = 111
char = s;code = 115
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = w;code = 119
char = i;code = 105
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = ;code = 32
char = I;code = 73
char = F;code = 70
char = G;code = 71
char = ;code = 32
char = p;code = 112
char = a;code = 97
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = e;code = 101
char = n;code = 110
char = t;code = 116
char = s;code = 115
char = ;code = 32
char = (;code = 40
char = 1;code = 49
char = 1;code = 49
char = 0;code = 48
char = .;code = 46
char = 6;code = 54
char = ;code = 32
char = +;code = 43
char = /;code = 47
char = -;code = 45
char = ;code = 32
char = 1;code = 49
char = 7;code = 55
char = .;code = 46
char = 6;code = 54
char = 3;code = 51
char = ;code = 32
char = v;code = 118
char = s;code = 115
char = .;code = 46
char = ;code = 32
char = 6;code = 54
char = 6;code = 54
char = .;code = 46
char = 3;code = 51
char = ;code = 32
char = +;code = 43
char = /;code = 47
char = -;code = 45
char = ;code = 32
char = 1;code = 49
char = 0;code = 48
char = .;code = 46
char = 8;code = 56
char = 8;code = 56
char = ,;code = 44
char = ;code = 32
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = s;code = 115
char = p;code = 112
char = e;code = 101
char = c;code = 99
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = v;code = 118
char = e;code = 101
char = l;code = 108
char = y;code = 121
char = ,;code = 44
char = ;code = 32
char = P;code = 80
char = ;code = 32
char = <;code = 60
char = ;code = 32
char = 0;code = 48
char = .;code = 46
char = 0;code = 48
char = 5;code = 53
char = );code = 41
char = ;code = 32
char = b;code = 98
char = u;code = 117
char = t;code = 116
char = ;code = 32
char = e;code = 101
char = s;code = 115
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = m;code = 109
char = a;code = 97
char = t;code = 116
char = e;code = 101
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = s;code = 115
char = u;code = 117
char = l;code = 108
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
char = s;code = 115
char = e;code = 101
char = n;code = 110
char = s;code = 115
char = i;code = 105
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = v;code = 118
char = i;code = 105
char = t;code = 116
char = y;code = 121
char = ;code = 32
char = (;code = 40
char = I;code = 73
char = S;code = 83
char = I;code = 73
char = (;code = 40
char = H;code = 72
char = O;code = 79
char = M;code = 77
char = A;code = 65
char = );code = 41
char = );code = 41
char = ;code = 32
char = w;code = 119
char = a;code = 97
char = s;code = 115
char = ;code = 32
char = s;code = 115
char = i;code = 105
char = m;code = 109
char = i;code = 105
char = l;code = 108
char = a;code = 97
char = r;code = 114
char = .;code = 46
char = ;code = 32
char = P;code = 80
char = l;code = 108
char = a;code = 97
char = s;code = 115
char = m;code = 109
char = a;code = 97
char = ;code = 32
char = v;code = 118
char = a;code = 97
char = l;code = 108
char = u;code = 117
char = e;code = 101
char = s;code = 115
char = ;code = 32
char = o;code = 111
char = f;code = 102
char = ;code = 32
char = C;code = 67
char = -;code = 45
char = p;code = 112
char = e;code = 101
char = p;code = 112
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = d;code = 100
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = c;code = 99
char = o;code = 111
char = r;code = 114
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = l;code = 108
char = a;code = 97
char = t;code = 116
char = e;code = 101
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = p;code = 112
char = o;code = 111
char = s;code = 115
char = i;code = 105
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = v;code = 118
char = e;code = 101
char = l;code = 108
char = y;code = 121
char = ;code = 32
char = w;code = 119
char = i;code = 105
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = ;code = 32
char = f;code = 102
char = e;code = 101
char = r;code = 114
char = r;code = 114
char = i;code = 105
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
char = (;code = 40
char = r;code = 114
char = ;code = 32
char = =;code = 61
char = ;code = 32
char = 0;code = 48
char = .;code = 46
char = 4;code = 52
char = 2;code = 50
char = ,;code = 44
char = ;code = 32
char = P;code = 80
char = ;code = 32
char = =;code = 61
char = ;code = 32
char = 0;code = 48
char = .;code = 46
char = 0;code = 48
char = 4;code = 52
char = );code = 41
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = n;code = 110
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = S;code = 83
char = C;code = 67
char = (;code = 40
char = H;code = 72
char = O;code = 79
char = M;code = 77
char = A;code = 65
char = );code = 41
char = ;code = 32
char = (;code = 40
char = r;code = 114
char = ;code = 32
char = =;code = 61
char = ;code = 32
char = 0;code = 48
char = .;code = 46
char = 4;code = 52
char = 5;code = 53
char = ,;code = 44
char = ;code = 32
char = P;code = 80
char = ;code = 32
char = =;code = 61
char = ;code = 32
char = 0;code = 48
char = .;code = 46
char = 0;code = 48
char = 2;code = 50
char = );code = 41
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = n;code = 110
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = n;code = 110
char = e;code = 101
char = g;code = 103
char = a;code = 97
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = v;code = 118
char = e;code = 101
char = l;code = 108
char = y;code = 121
char = ;code = 32
char = w;code = 119
char = i;code = 105
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = ;code = 32
char = I;code = 73
char = S;code = 83
char = I;code = 73
char = (;code = 40
char = H;code = 72
char = O;code = 79
char = M;code = 77
char = A;code = 65
char = );code = 41
char = ;code = 32
char = (;code = 40
char = r;code = 114
char = ;code = 32
char = =;code = 61
char = ;code = 32
char = -;code = 45
char = 0;code = 48
char = .;code = 46
char = 4;code = 52
char = 3;code = 51
char = ,;code = 44
char = ;code = 32
char = P;code = 80
char = ;code = 32
char = =;code = 61
char = ;code = 32
char = 0;code = 48
char = .;code = 46
char = 0;code = 48
char = 3;code = 51
char = );code = 41
char = .;code = 46
char = <;code = 60
char = b;code = 98
char = r;code = 114
char = /;code = 47
char = >;code = 62
char = <;code = 60
char = b;code = 98
char = r;code = 114
char = /;code = 47
char = >;code = 62
char = <;code = 60
char = b;code = 98
char = >;code = 62
char = C;code = 67
char = O;code = 79
char = N;code = 78
char = C;code = 67
char = L;code = 76
char = U;code = 85
char = S;code = 83
char = I;code = 73
char = O;code = 79
char = N;code = 78
char = S;code = 83
char = ;code = 32
char = :;code = 58
char = ;code = 32
char = <;code = 60
char = /;code = 47
char = b;code = 98
char = >;code = 62
char = T;code = 84
char = h;code = 104
char = e;code = 101
char = s;code = 115
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = s;code = 115
char = u;code = 117
char = l;code = 108
char = t;code = 116
char = s;code = 115
char = ;code = 32
char = s;code = 115
char = u;code = 117
char = p;code = 112
char = p;code = 112
char = o;code = 111
char = r;code = 114
char = t;code = 116
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = c;code = 99
char = o;code = 111
char = n;code = 110
char = c;code = 99
char = e;code = 101
char = p;code = 112
char = t;code = 116
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = a;code = 97
char = t;code = 116
char = ;code = 32
char = i;code = 105
char = m;code = 109
char = p;code = 112
char = a;code = 97
char = i;code = 105
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = B;code = 66
char = -;code = 45
char = c;code = 99
char = e;code = 101
char = l;code = 108
char = l;code = 108
char = ;code = 32
char = f;code = 102
char = u;code = 117
char = n;code = 110
char = c;code = 99
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = o;code = 111
char = n;code = 110
char = ,;code = 44
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = s;code = 115
char = ;code = 32
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = f;code = 102
char = l;code = 108
char = e;code = 101
char = c;code = 99
char = t;code = 116
char = e;code = 101
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = b;code = 98
char = y;code = 121
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = ;code = 32
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = d;code = 100
char = u;code = 117
char = c;code = 99
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = o;code = 111
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = s;code = 115
char = u;code = 117
char = l;code = 108
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
char = s;code = 115
char = e;code = 101
char = c;code = 99
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = o;code = 111
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = d;code = 100
char = e;code = 101
char = x;code = 120
char = ,;code = 44
char = ;code = 32
char = i;code = 105
char = s;code = 115
char = ;code = 32
char = p;code = 112
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = s;code = 115
char = e;code = 101
char = n;code = 110
char = t;code = 116
char = ;code = 32
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
char = b;code = 98
char = e;code = 101
char = t;code = 116
char = a;code = 97
char = -;code = 45
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = a;code = 97
char = l;code = 108
char = a;code = 97
char = s;code = 115
char = s;code = 115
char = a;code = 97
char = e;code = 101
char = m;code = 109
char = i;code = 105
char = c;code = 99
char = ;code = 32
char = p;code = 112
char = a;code = 97
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = e;code = 101
char = n;code = 110
char = t;code = 116
char = s;code = 115
char = ;code = 32
char = w;code = 119
char = i;code = 105
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = ;code = 32
char = n;code = 110
char = o;code = 111
char = r;code = 114
char = m;code = 109
char = o;code = 111
char = g;code = 103
char = l;code = 108
char = y;code = 121
char = c;code = 99
char = a;code = 97
char = e;code = 101
char = m;code = 109
char = i;code = 105
char = a;code = 97
char = ;code = 32
char = b;code = 98
char = e;code = 101
char = f;code = 102
char = o;code = 111
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = c;code = 99
char = h;code = 104
char = a;code = 97
char = n;code = 110
char = g;code = 103
char = e;code = 101
char = s;code = 115
char = ;code = 32
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
char = o;code = 111
char = r;code = 114
char = a;code = 97
char = l;code = 108
char = ;code = 32
char = g;code = 103
char = l;code = 108
char = u;code = 117
char = c;code = 99
char = o;code = 111
char = s;code = 115
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = o;code = 111
char = l;code = 108
char = e;code = 101
char = r;code = 114
char = a;code = 97
char = n;code = 110
char = c;code = 99
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = e;code = 101
char = s;code = 115
char = t;code = 116
char = s;code = 115
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = p;code = 112
char = p;code = 112
char = a;code = 97
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = n;code = 110
char = t;code = 116
char = .;code = 46
result sql = AIMS : To assess insulin sensitivity and secretion in the fasting state in regularly transfused patients with beta-thalassaemia major with normal glucose response during an oral glucose tolerance test and to estimate its possible relation to iron overload.
METHODS : We measured fasting glucose, insulin and C-peptide levels in 24 patients with beta-thalassaemia major and 18 control subjects matched for age and body mass index. Insulin sensitivity and insulin release index were calculated according to the homeostasis model assessment (HOMA). Correlations with age, body mass index and serum ferritin were also calculated.
RESULTS : Fasting glucose levels in patients were increased compared with control subjects (5.5 +/- 0.12 vs. 4.7 +/- 0.13 mmol/l, mean +/- SEM, P < 0.001). Pancreatic B-cell insulin secretion in the fasting state (estimated by SC(HOMA)) was lower in thalassaemic patients (SC(HOMA) 88.5 +/- 11.11 vs. 184.3 +/- 23.72 in control subjects, P < 0.001). Patients were then divided into those with impaired (IFG) and normal (NFG) fasting glucose. SC(HOMA) was higher in the patients with NFG compared with those with IFG patients (110.6 +/- 17.63 vs. 66.3 +/- 10.88, respectively, P < 0.05) but estimated insulin sensitivity (ISI(HOMA)) was similar. Plasma values of C-peptide correlated positively with ferritin (r = 0.42, P = 0.04) and SC(HOMA) (r = 0.45, P = 0.02) and negatively with ISI(HOMA) (r = -0.43, P = 0.03).
CONCLUSIONS : These results support the concept that impaired B-cell function, as reflected by a reduction in the insulin secretion index, is present in beta-thalassaemic patients with normoglycaemia before changes in oral glucose tolerance tests are apparent.
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result sql = Reduced insulin secretion in normoglycaemic patients with beta-thalassaemia major.
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char = /;code = 47
char = l;code = 108
char = ,;code = 44
char = ;code = 32
char = m;code = 109
char = e;code = 101
char = a;code = 97
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
char = +;code = 43
char = /;code = 47
char = -;code = 45
char = ;code = 32
char = S;code = 83
char = E;code = 69
char = M;code = 77
char = ,;code = 44
char = ;code = 32
char = P;code = 80
char = ;code = 32
char = <;code = 60
char = ;code = 32
char = 0;code = 48
char = .;code = 46
char = 0;code = 48
char = 0;code = 48
char = 1;code = 49
char = );code = 41
char = .;code = 46
char = ;code = 32
char = P;code = 80
char = a;code = 97
char = n;code = 110
char = c;code = 99
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = a;code = 97
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = c;code = 99
char = ;code = 32
char = B;code = 66
char = -;code = 45
char = c;code = 99
char = e;code = 101
char = l;code = 108
char = l;code = 108
char = ;code = 32
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = s;code = 115
char = u;code = 117
char = l;code = 108
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
char = s;code = 115
char = e;code = 101
char = c;code = 99
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = o;code = 111
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = f;code = 102
char = a;code = 97
char = s;code = 115
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = g;code = 103
char = ;code = 32
char = s;code = 115
char = t;code = 116
char = a;code = 97
char = t;code = 116
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = (;code = 40
char = e;code = 101
char = s;code = 115
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = m;code = 109
char = a;code = 97
char = t;code = 116
char = e;code = 101
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = b;code = 98
char = y;code = 121
char = ;code = 32
char = S;code = 83
char = C;code = 67
char = (;code = 40
char = H;code = 72
char = O;code = 79
char = M;code = 77
char = A;code = 65
char = );code = 41
char = );code = 41
char = ;code = 32
char = w;code = 119
char = a;code = 97
char = s;code = 115
char = ;code = 32
char = l;code = 108
char = o;code = 111
char = w;code = 119
char = e;code = 101
char = r;code = 114
char = ;code = 32
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = a;code = 97
char = l;code = 108
char = a;code = 97
char = s;code = 115
char = s;code = 115
char = a;code = 97
char = e;code = 101
char = m;code = 109
char = i;code = 105
char = c;code = 99
char = ;code = 32
char = p;code = 112
char = a;code = 97
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = e;code = 101
char = n;code = 110
char = t;code = 116
char = s;code = 115
char = ;code = 32
char = (;code = 40
char = S;code = 83
char = C;code = 67
char = (;code = 40
char = H;code = 72
char = O;code = 79
char = M;code = 77
char = A;code = 65
char = );code = 41
char = ;code = 32
char = 8;code = 56
char = 8;code = 56
char = .;code = 46
char = 5;code = 53
char = ;code = 32
char = +;code = 43
char = /;code = 47
char = -;code = 45
char = ;code = 32
char = 1;code = 49
char = 1;code = 49
char = .;code = 46
char = 1;code = 49
char = 1;code = 49
char = ;code = 32
char = v;code = 118
char = s;code = 115
char = .;code = 46
char = ;code = 32
char = 1;code = 49
char = 8;code = 56
char = 4;code = 52
char = .;code = 46
char = 3;code = 51
char = ;code = 32
char = +;code = 43
char = /;code = 47
char = -;code = 45
char = ;code = 32
char = 2;code = 50
char = 3;code = 51
char = .;code = 46
char = 7;code = 55
char = 2;code = 50
char = ;code = 32
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
char = c;code = 99
char = o;code = 111
char = n;code = 110
char = t;code = 116
char = r;code = 114
char = o;code = 111
char = l;code = 108
char = ;code = 32
char = s;code = 115
char = u;code = 117
char = b;code = 98
char = j;code = 106
char = e;code = 101
char = c;code = 99
char = t;code = 116
char = s;code = 115
char = ,;code = 44
char = ;code = 32
char = P;code = 80
char = ;code = 32
char = <;code = 60
char = ;code = 32
char = 0;code = 48
char = .;code = 46
char = 0;code = 48
char = 0;code = 48
char = 1;code = 49
char = );code = 41
char = .;code = 46
char = ;code = 32
char = P;code = 80
char = a;code = 97
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = e;code = 101
char = n;code = 110
char = t;code = 116
char = s;code = 115
char = ;code = 32
char = w;code = 119
char = e;code = 101
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = e;code = 101
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
char = d;code = 100
char = i;code = 105
char = v;code = 118
char = i;code = 105
char = d;code = 100
char = e;code = 101
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = t;code = 116
char = o;code = 111
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = o;code = 111
char = s;code = 115
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = w;code = 119
char = i;code = 105
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = ;code = 32
char = i;code = 105
char = m;code = 109
char = p;code = 112
char = a;code = 97
char = i;code = 105
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = (;code = 40
char = I;code = 73
char = F;code = 70
char = G;code = 71
char = );code = 41
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = n;code = 110
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = n;code = 110
char = o;code = 111
char = r;code = 114
char = m;code = 109
char = a;code = 97
char = l;code = 108
char = ;code = 32
char = (;code = 40
char = N;code = 78
char = F;code = 70
char = G;code = 71
char = );code = 41
char = ;code = 32
char = f;code = 102
char = a;code = 97
char = s;code = 115
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = g;code = 103
char = ;code = 32
char = g;code = 103
char = l;code = 108
char = u;code = 117
char = c;code = 99
char = o;code = 111
char = s;code = 115
char = e;code = 101
char = .;code = 46
char = ;code = 32
char = S;code = 83
char = C;code = 67
char = (;code = 40
char = H;code = 72
char = O;code = 79
char = M;code = 77
char = A;code = 65
char = );code = 41
char = ;code = 32
char = w;code = 119
char = a;code = 97
char = s;code = 115
char = ;code = 32
char = h;code = 104
char = i;code = 105
char = g;code = 103
char = h;code = 104
char = e;code = 101
char = r;code = 114
char = ;code = 32
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = p;code = 112
char = a;code = 97
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = e;code = 101
char = n;code = 110
char = t;code = 116
char = s;code = 115
char = ;code = 32
char = w;code = 119
char = i;code = 105
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = ;code = 32
char = N;code = 78
char = F;code = 70
char = G;code = 71
char = ;code = 32
char = c;code = 99
char = o;code = 111
char = m;code = 109
char = p;code = 112
char = a;code = 97
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = w;code = 119
char = i;code = 105
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = o;code = 111
char = s;code = 115
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = w;code = 119
char = i;code = 105
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = ;code = 32
char = I;code = 73
char = F;code = 70
char = G;code = 71
char = ;code = 32
char = p;code = 112
char = a;code = 97
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = e;code = 101
char = n;code = 110
char = t;code = 116
char = s;code = 115
char = ;code = 32
char = (;code = 40
char = 1;code = 49
char = 1;code = 49
char = 0;code = 48
char = .;code = 46
char = 6;code = 54
char = ;code = 32
char = +;code = 43
char = /;code = 47
char = -;code = 45
char = ;code = 32
char = 1;code = 49
char = 7;code = 55
char = .;code = 46
char = 6;code = 54
char = 3;code = 51
char = ;code = 32
char = v;code = 118
char = s;code = 115
char = .;code = 46
char = ;code = 32
char = 6;code = 54
char = 6;code = 54
char = .;code = 46
char = 3;code = 51
char = ;code = 32
char = +;code = 43
char = /;code = 47
char = -;code = 45
char = ;code = 32
char = 1;code = 49
char = 0;code = 48
char = .;code = 46
char = 8;code = 56
char = 8;code = 56
char = ,;code = 44
char = ;code = 32
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = s;code = 115
char = p;code = 112
char = e;code = 101
char = c;code = 99
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = v;code = 118
char = e;code = 101
char = l;code = 108
char = y;code = 121
char = ,;code = 44
char = ;code = 32
char = P;code = 80
char = ;code = 32
char = <;code = 60
char = ;code = 32
char = 0;code = 48
char = .;code = 46
char = 0;code = 48
char = 5;code = 53
char = );code = 41
char = ;code = 32
char = b;code = 98
char = u;code = 117
char = t;code = 116
char = ;code = 32
char = e;code = 101
char = s;code = 115
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = m;code = 109
char = a;code = 97
char = t;code = 116
char = e;code = 101
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = s;code = 115
char = u;code = 117
char = l;code = 108
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
char = s;code = 115
char = e;code = 101
char = n;code = 110
char = s;code = 115
char = i;code = 105
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = v;code = 118
char = i;code = 105
char = t;code = 116
char = y;code = 121
char = ;code = 32
char = (;code = 40
char = I;code = 73
char = S;code = 83
char = I;code = 73
char = (;code = 40
char = H;code = 72
char = O;code = 79
char = M;code = 77
char = A;code = 65
char = );code = 41
char = );code = 41
char = ;code = 32
char = w;code = 119
char = a;code = 97
char = s;code = 115
char = ;code = 32
char = s;code = 115
char = i;code = 105
char = m;code = 109
char = i;code = 105
char = l;code = 108
char = a;code = 97
char = r;code = 114
char = .;code = 46
char = ;code = 32
char = P;code = 80
char = l;code = 108
char = a;code = 97
char = s;code = 115
char = m;code = 109
char = a;code = 97
char = ;code = 32
char = v;code = 118
char = a;code = 97
char = l;code = 108
char = u;code = 117
char = e;code = 101
char = s;code = 115
char = ;code = 32
char = o;code = 111
char = f;code = 102
char = ;code = 32
char = C;code = 67
char = -;code = 45
char = p;code = 112
char = e;code = 101
char = p;code = 112
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = d;code = 100
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = c;code = 99
char = o;code = 111
char = r;code = 114
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = l;code = 108
char = a;code = 97
char = t;code = 116
char = e;code = 101
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = p;code = 112
char = o;code = 111
char = s;code = 115
char = i;code = 105
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = v;code = 118
char = e;code = 101
char = l;code = 108
char = y;code = 121
char = ;code = 32
char = w;code = 119
char = i;code = 105
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = ;code = 32
char = f;code = 102
char = e;code = 101
char = r;code = 114
char = r;code = 114
char = i;code = 105
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
char = (;code = 40
char = r;code = 114
char = ;code = 32
char = =;code = 61
char = ;code = 32
char = 0;code = 48
char = .;code = 46
char = 4;code = 52
char = 2;code = 50
char = ,;code = 44
char = ;code = 32
char = P;code = 80
char = ;code = 32
char = =;code = 61
char = ;code = 32
char = 0;code = 48
char = .;code = 46
char = 0;code = 48
char = 4;code = 52
char = );code = 41
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = n;code = 110
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = S;code = 83
char = C;code = 67
char = (;code = 40
char = H;code = 72
char = O;code = 79
char = M;code = 77
char = A;code = 65
char = );code = 41
char = ;code = 32
char = (;code = 40
char = r;code = 114
char = ;code = 32
char = =;code = 61
char = ;code = 32
char = 0;code = 48
char = .;code = 46
char = 4;code = 52
char = 5;code = 53
char = ,;code = 44
char = ;code = 32
char = P;code = 80
char = ;code = 32
char = =;code = 61
char = ;code = 32
char = 0;code = 48
char = .;code = 46
char = 0;code = 48
char = 2;code = 50
char = );code = 41
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = n;code = 110
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = n;code = 110
char = e;code = 101
char = g;code = 103
char = a;code = 97
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = v;code = 118
char = e;code = 101
char = l;code = 108
char = y;code = 121
char = ;code = 32
char = w;code = 119
char = i;code = 105
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = ;code = 32
char = I;code = 73
char = S;code = 83
char = I;code = 73
char = (;code = 40
char = H;code = 72
char = O;code = 79
char = M;code = 77
char = A;code = 65
char = );code = 41
char = ;code = 32
char = (;code = 40
char = r;code = 114
char = ;code = 32
char = =;code = 61
char = ;code = 32
char = -;code = 45
char = 0;code = 48
char = .;code = 46
char = 4;code = 52
char = 3;code = 51
char = ,;code = 44
char = ;code = 32
char = P;code = 80
char = ;code = 32
char = =;code = 61
char = ;code = 32
char = 0;code = 48
char = .;code = 46
char = 0;code = 48
char = 3;code = 51
char = );code = 41
char = .;code = 46
char = <;code = 60
char = b;code = 98
char = r;code = 114
char = /;code = 47
char = >;code = 62
char = <;code = 60
char = b;code = 98
char = r;code = 114
char = /;code = 47
char = >;code = 62
char = <;code = 60
char = b;code = 98
char = >;code = 62
char = C;code = 67
char = O;code = 79
char = N;code = 78
char = C;code = 67
char = L;code = 76
char = U;code = 85
char = S;code = 83
char = I;code = 73
char = O;code = 79
char = N;code = 78
char = S;code = 83
char = ;code = 32
char = :;code = 58
char = ;code = 32
char = <;code = 60
char = /;code = 47
char = b;code = 98
char = >;code = 62
char = T;code = 84
char = h;code = 104
char = e;code = 101
char = s;code = 115
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = s;code = 115
char = u;code = 117
char = l;code = 108
char = t;code = 116
char = s;code = 115
char = ;code = 32
char = s;code = 115
char = u;code = 117
char = p;code = 112
char = p;code = 112
char = o;code = 111
char = r;code = 114
char = t;code = 116
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = c;code = 99
char = o;code = 111
char = n;code = 110
char = c;code = 99
char = e;code = 101
char = p;code = 112
char = t;code = 116
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = a;code = 97
char = t;code = 116
char = ;code = 32
char = i;code = 105
char = m;code = 109
char = p;code = 112
char = a;code = 97
char = i;code = 105
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = B;code = 66
char = -;code = 45
char = c;code = 99
char = e;code = 101
char = l;code = 108
char = l;code = 108
char = ;code = 32
char = f;code = 102
char = u;code = 117
char = n;code = 110
char = c;code = 99
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = o;code = 111
char = n;code = 110
char = ,;code = 44
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = s;code = 115
char = ;code = 32
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = f;code = 102
char = l;code = 108
char = e;code = 101
char = c;code = 99
char = t;code = 116
char = e;code = 101
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = b;code = 98
char = y;code = 121
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = ;code = 32
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = d;code = 100
char = u;code = 117
char = c;code = 99
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = o;code = 111
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = s;code = 115
char = u;code = 117
char = l;code = 108
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
char = s;code = 115
char = e;code = 101
char = c;code = 99
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = o;code = 111
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = d;code = 100
char = e;code = 101
char = x;code = 120
char = ,;code = 44
char = ;code = 32
char = i;code = 105
char = s;code = 115
char = ;code = 32
char = p;code = 112
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = s;code = 115
char = e;code = 101
char = n;code = 110
char = t;code = 116
char = ;code = 32
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
char = b;code = 98
char = e;code = 101
char = t;code = 116
char = a;code = 97
char = -;code = 45
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = a;code = 97
char = l;code = 108
char = a;code = 97
char = s;code = 115
char = s;code = 115
char = a;code = 97
char = e;code = 101
char = m;code = 109
char = i;code = 105
char = c;code = 99
char = ;code = 32
char = p;code = 112
char = a;code = 97
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = e;code = 101
char = n;code = 110
char = t;code = 116
char = s;code = 115
char = ;code = 32
char = w;code = 119
char = i;code = 105
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = ;code = 32
char = n;code = 110
char = o;code = 111
char = r;code = 114
char = m;code = 109
char = o;code = 111
char = g;code = 103
char = l;code = 108
char = y;code = 121
char = c;code = 99
char = a;code = 97
char = e;code = 101
char = m;code = 109
char = i;code = 105
char = a;code = 97
char = ;code = 32
char = b;code = 98
char = e;code = 101
char = f;code = 102
char = o;code = 111
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = c;code = 99
char = h;code = 104
char = a;code = 97
char = n;code = 110
char = g;code = 103
char = e;code = 101
char = s;code = 115
char = ;code = 32
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
char = o;code = 111
char = r;code = 114
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char = s;code = 115
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result sql = AIMS : To assess insulin sensitivity and secretion in the fasting state in regularly transfused patients with beta-thalassaemia major with normal glucose response during an oral glucose tolerance test and to estimate its possible relation to iron overload.
METHODS : We measured fasting glucose, insulin and C-peptide levels in 24 patients with beta-thalassaemia major and 18 control subjects matched for age and body mass index. Insulin sensitivity and insulin release index were calculated according to the homeostasis model assessment (HOMA). Correlations with age, body mass index and serum ferritin were also calculated.
RESULTS : Fasting glucose levels in patients were increased compared with control subjects (5.5 +/- 0.12 vs. 4.7 +/- 0.13 mmol/l, mean +/- SEM, P < 0.001). Pancreatic B-cell insulin secretion in the fasting state (estimated by SC(HOMA)) was lower in thalassaemic patients (SC(HOMA) 88.5 +/- 11.11 vs. 184.3 +/- 23.72 in control subjects, P < 0.001). Patients were then divided into those with impaired (IFG) and normal (NFG) fasting glucose. SC(HOMA) was higher in the patients with NFG compared with those with IFG patients (110.6 +/- 17.63 vs. 66.3 +/- 10.88, respectively, P < 0.05) but estimated insulin sensitivity (ISI(HOMA)) was similar. Plasma values of C-peptide correlated positively with ferritin (r = 0.42, P = 0.04) and SC(HOMA) (r = 0.45, P = 0.02) and negatively with ISI(HOMA) (r = -0.43, P = 0.03).
CONCLUSIONS : These results support the concept that impaired B-cell function, as reflected by a reduction in the insulin secretion index, is present in beta-thalassaemic patients with normoglycaemia before changes in oral glucose tolerance tests are apparent.
Publication: Diabet. Med. 2006 Dec ;23(12)::1327-31.
Publication Date: 2006 Dec
Study Author(s): Angelopoulos, N G;Zervas, A;Livadas, S;Adamopoulos, I;Giannopoulos, D;Goula, A;Tolis, G;
Institution: Endocrine Department, Hippokrateion Hospital of Athens, Athens, Greece. [email protected]
Shortcut link to this study:
Publication Date: 2006 Dec
Study Author(s): Angelopoulos, N G;Zervas, A;Livadas, S;Adamopoulos, I;Giannopoulos, D;Goula, A;Tolis, G;
Institution: Endocrine Department, Hippokrateion Hospital of Athens, Athens, Greece. [email protected]
Shortcut link to this study:
AIMS : To assess insulin sensitivity and secretion in the fasting state in regularly transfused patients with beta-thalassaemia major with normal glucose response during an oral glucose tolerance test and to estimate its possible relation to iron overload.
METHODS : We measured fasting glucose, insulin and C-peptide levels in 24 patients with beta-thalassaemia major and 18 control subjects matched for age and body mass index. Insulin sensitivity and insulin release index were calculated according to the homeostasis model assessment (HOMA). Correlations with age, body mass index and serum ferritin were also calculated.
RESULTS : Fasting glucose levels in patients were increased compared with control subjects (5.5 +/- 0.12 vs. 4.7 +/- 0.13 mmol/l, mean +/- SEM, P < 0.001). Pancreatic B-cell insulin secretion in the fasting state (estimated by SC(HOMA)) was lower in thalassaemic patients (SC(HOMA) 88.5 +/- 11.11 vs. 184.3 +/- 23.72 in control subjects, P < 0.001). Patients were then divided into those with impaired (IFG) and normal (NFG) fasting glucose. SC(HOMA) was higher in the patients with NFG compared with those with IFG patients (110.6 +/- 17.63 vs. 66.3 +/- 10.88, respectively, P < 0.05) but estimated insulin sensitivity (ISI(HOMA)) was similar. Plasma values of C-peptide correlated positively with ferritin (r = 0.42, P = 0.04) and SC(HOMA) (r = 0.45, P = 0.02) and negatively with ISI(HOMA) (r = -0.43, P = 0.03).
CONCLUSIONS : These results support the concept that impaired B-cell function, as reflected by a reduction in the insulin secretion index, is present in beta-thalassaemic patients with normoglycaemia before changes in oral glucose tolerance tests are apparent.
METHODS : We measured fasting glucose, insulin and C-peptide levels in 24 patients with beta-thalassaemia major and 18 control subjects matched for age and body mass index. Insulin sensitivity and insulin release index were calculated according to the homeostasis model assessment (HOMA). Correlations with age, body mass index and serum ferritin were also calculated.
RESULTS : Fasting glucose levels in patients were increased compared with control subjects (5.5 +/- 0.12 vs. 4.7 +/- 0.13 mmol/l, mean +/- SEM, P < 0.001). Pancreatic B-cell insulin secretion in the fasting state (estimated by SC(HOMA)) was lower in thalassaemic patients (SC(HOMA) 88.5 +/- 11.11 vs. 184.3 +/- 23.72 in control subjects, P < 0.001). Patients were then divided into those with impaired (IFG) and normal (NFG) fasting glucose. SC(HOMA) was higher in the patients with NFG compared with those with IFG patients (110.6 +/- 17.63 vs. 66.3 +/- 10.88, respectively, P < 0.05) but estimated insulin sensitivity (ISI(HOMA)) was similar. Plasma values of C-peptide correlated positively with ferritin (r = 0.42, P = 0.04) and SC(HOMA) (r = 0.45, P = 0.02) and negatively with ISI(HOMA) (r = -0.43, P = 0.03).
CONCLUSIONS : These results support the concept that impaired B-cell function, as reflected by a reduction in the insulin secretion index, is present in beta-thalassaemic patients with normoglycaemia before changes in oral glucose tolerance tests are apparent.
PMID: 17116183
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