|
|
char = N;code = 78
char = e;code = 101
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char = r;code = 114
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char = l;code = 108
char = ;code = 32
char = p;code = 112
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
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char = r;code = 114
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char = r;code = 114
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char = l;code = 108
char = s;code = 115
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char = a;code = 97
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char = ;code = 32
char = p;code = 112
char = r;code = 114
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char = m;code = 109
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char = p;code = 112
char = t;code = 116
char = o;code = 111
char = s;code = 115
char = i;code = 105
char = s;code = 115
char = ;code = 32
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = d;code = 100
char = u;code = 117
char = c;code = 99
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char = a;code = 97
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char = o;code = 111
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char = r;code = 114
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char = s;code = 115
char = s;code = 115
char = ;code = 32
char = b;code = 98
char = y;code = 121
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char = n;code = 110
char = h;code = 104
char = i;code = 105
char = b;code = 98
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char = o;code = 111
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char = k;code = 107
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char = n;code = 110
char = a;code = 97
char = s;code = 115
char = e;code = 101
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result sql = Neural precursor cells are protected from apoptosis induced by trophic factor withdrawal or genotoxic stress by inhibitors of glycogen synthase kinase 3.
Neural precursor cells are protected from apoptosis induced by trophic factor withdrawal or genotoxic stress by inhibitors of glycogen synthase kinase 3.char = M;code = 77
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char = s;code = 115
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char = t;code = 116
char = r;code = 114
char = o;code = 111
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char = l;code = 108
char = i;code = 105
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char = a;code = 97
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char = e;code = 101
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char = s;code = 115
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char = (;code = 40
char = N;code = 78
char = P;code = 80
char = C;code = 67
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char = r;code = 114
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char = i;code = 105
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char = m;code = 109
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char = p;code = 112
char = l;code = 108
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char = i;code = 105
char = s;code = 115
char = h;code = 104
char = m;code = 109
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char = t;code = 116
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char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
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char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = f;code = 102
char = t;code = 116
char = e;code = 101
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char = t;code = 116
char = r;code = 114
char = a;code = 97
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char = s;code = 115
char = p;code = 112
char = l;code = 108
char = a;code = 97
char = n;code = 110
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char = a;code = 97
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char = e;code = 101
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char = T;code = 84
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char = n;code = 110
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char = i;code = 105
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char = N;code = 78
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char = s;code = 115
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char = o;code = 111
char = m;code = 109
char = ;code = 32
char = e;code = 101
char = m;code = 109
char = b;code = 98
char = r;code = 114
char = y;code = 121
char = o;code = 111
char = n;code = 110
char = i;code = 105
char = c;code = 99
char = ;code = 32
char = m;code = 109
char = o;code = 111
char = u;code = 117
char = s;code = 115
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = b;code = 98
char = r;code = 114
char = a;code = 97
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
char = s;code = 115
char = u;code = 117
char = b;code = 98
char = j;code = 106
char = e;code = 101
char = c;code = 99
char = t;code = 116
char = e;code = 101
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = o;code = 111
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char = t;code = 116
char = w;code = 119
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char = c;code = 99
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char = i;code = 105
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char = c;code = 99
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char = t;code = 116
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char = i;code = 105
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char = c;code = 99
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char = i;code = 105
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = d;code = 100
char = r;code = 114
char = a;code = 97
char = w;code = 119
char = a;code = 97
char = l;code = 108
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
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char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = g;code = 103
char = e;code = 101
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char = i;code = 105
char = c;code = 99
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char = s;code = 115
char = t;code = 116
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char = e;code = 101
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char = s;code = 115
char = .;code = 46
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char = T;code = 84
char = r;code = 114
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char = p;code = 112
char = h;code = 104
char = i;code = 105
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char = f;code = 102
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char = c;code = 99
char = t;code = 116
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char = w;code = 119
char = i;code = 105
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
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char = r;code = 114
char = a;code = 97
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char = a;code = 97
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char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
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char = i;code = 105
char = v;code = 118
char = a;code = 97
char = t;code = 116
char = e;code = 101
char = d;code = 100
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char = G;code = 71
char = S;code = 83
char = K;code = 75
char = 3;code = 51
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char = B;code = 66
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char = a;code = 97
char = s;code = 115
char = e;code = 101
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char = P;code = 80
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char = a;code = 97
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char = m;code = 109
char = a;code = 97
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char = i;code = 105
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char = a;code = 97
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char = d;code = 100
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char = ;code = 32
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char = e;code = 101
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char = o;code = 111
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char = s;code = 115
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char = o;code = 111
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char = c;code = 99
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char = t;code = 116
char = m;code = 109
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char = t;code = 116
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char = P;code = 80
char = C;code = 67
char = s;code = 115
char = ;code = 32
char = s;code = 115
char = t;code = 116
char = a;code = 97
char = b;code = 98
char = i;code = 105
char = l;code = 108
char = i;code = 105
char = z;code = 122
char = e;code = 101
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = p;code = 112
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char = 3;code = 51
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char = ;code = 32
char = w;code = 119
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char = i;code = 105
char = c;code = 99
char = h;code = 104
char = ;code = 32
char = f;code = 102
char = o;code = 111
char = r;code = 114
char = m;code = 109
char = e;code = 101
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = ;code = 32
char = c;code = 99
char = o;code = 111
char = m;code = 109
char = p;code = 112
char = l;code = 108
char = e;code = 101
char = x;code = 120
char = ;code = 32
char = w;code = 119
char = i;code = 105
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = ;code = 32
char = G;code = 71
char = S;code = 83
char = K;code = 75
char = 3;code = 51
char = b;code = 98
char = e;code = 101
char = t;code = 116
char = a;code = 97
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = n;code = 110
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = c;code = 99
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = v;code = 118
char = a;code = 97
char = t;code = 116
char = e;code = 101
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = B;code = 66
char = a;code = 97
char = x;code = 120
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
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char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = c;code = 99
char = a;code = 97
char = s;code = 115
char = p;code = 112
char = a;code = 97
char = s;code = 115
char = e;code = 101
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char = 3;code = 51
char = .;code = 46
char = ;code = 32
char = C;code = 67
char = a;code = 97
char = m;code = 109
char = p;code = 112
char = t;code = 116
char = o;code = 111
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = e;code = 101
char = c;code = 99
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = -;code = 45
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = d;code = 100
char = u;code = 117
char = c;code = 99
char = e;code = 101
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = c;code = 99
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = v;code = 118
char = a;code = 97
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = o;code = 111
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
char = o;code = 111
char = f;code = 102
char = ;code = 32
char = c;code = 99
char = a;code = 97
char = s;code = 115
char = p;code = 112
char = a;code = 97
char = s;code = 115
char = e;code = 101
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char = 3;code = 51
char = ;code = 32
char = w;code = 119
char = a;code = 97
char = s;code = 115
char = ;code = 32
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = d;code = 100
char = u;code = 117
char = c;code = 99
char = e;code = 101
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = b;code = 98
char = y;code = 121
char = ;code = 32
char = G;code = 71
char = S;code = 83
char = K;code = 75
char = 3;code = 51
char = ;code = 32
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = h;code = 104
char = i;code = 105
char = b;code = 98
char = i;code = 105
char = t;code = 116
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char = r;code = 114
char = s;code = 115
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char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
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char = ;code = 32
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char = );code = 41
char = (;code = 40
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char = );code = 41
char = (;code = 40
char = +;code = 43
char = );code = 41
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
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char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
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char = x;code = 120
char = (;code = 40
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char = );code = 41
char = ;code = 32
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char = P;code = 80
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char = ;code = 32
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char = h;code = 104
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char = s;code = 115
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char = f;code = 102
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
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char = s;code = 115
char = s;code = 115
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char = ;code = 32
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char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = h;code = 104
char = i;code = 105
char = b;code = 98
char = i;code = 105
char = t;code = 116
char = o;code = 111
char = r;code = 114
char = s;code = 115
char = ;code = 32
char = o;code = 111
char = f;code = 102
char = ;code = 32
char = G;code = 71
char = S;code = 83
char = K;code = 75
char = 3;code = 51
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
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char = a;code = 97
char = p;code = 112
char = a;code = 97
char = b;code = 98
char = l;code = 108
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char = o;code = 111
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char = c;code = 99
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char = n;code = 110
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char = ;code = 32
char = N;code = 78
char = P;code = 80
char = C;code = 67
char = ;code = 32
char = s;code = 115
char = u;code = 117
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char = >;code = 62
result sql = Mechanisms controlling the survival of neural precursor cells (NPCs) are critical during brain development, in adults for neuron replenishment, and after transplantation for neuron replacement. This investigation found that glycogen synthase kinase 3 (GSK3) promotes apoptotic signaling in cultured NPCs derived from embryonic mouse brain subjected to two common apoptotic conditions, trophic factor withdrawal and genotoxic stress. Trophic factor withdrawal activated GSK3 and the key apoptosis mediators Bax and caspase-3. Pharmacological inhibition of GSK3 activity produced dramatic reductions in the activation of Bax and caspase-3 and NPC death after trophic factor withdrawal. Trophic factor withdrawal-induced apoptosis was delayed in Bax knock-out NPCs, but GSK3 inhibitors provided additional protection. Genotoxic stress induced by camptothecin treatment of NPCs stabilized p53, which formed a complex with GSK3beta and activated Bax and caspase-3. Camptothecin-induced activation of caspase-3 was reduced by GSK3 inhibitors in both bax(+)(/)(+) and bax(-/-) NPCs. Thus, NPCs are sensitive to loss of trophic factors and genotoxic stress, and inhibitors of GSK3 are capable of enhancing NPC survival.
char = e;code = 101
char = u;code = 117
char = r;code = 114
char = a;code = 97
char = l;code = 108
char = ;code = 32
char = p;code = 112
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = c;code = 99
char = u;code = 117
char = r;code = 114
char = s;code = 115
char = o;code = 111
char = r;code = 114
char = ;code = 32
char = c;code = 99
char = e;code = 101
char = l;code = 108
char = l;code = 108
char = s;code = 115
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = p;code = 112
char = r;code = 114
char = o;code = 111
char = t;code = 116
char = e;code = 101
char = c;code = 99
char = t;code = 116
char = e;code = 101
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = f;code = 102
char = r;code = 114
char = o;code = 111
char = m;code = 109
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = p;code = 112
char = o;code = 111
char = p;code = 112
char = t;code = 116
char = o;code = 111
char = s;code = 115
char = i;code = 105
char = s;code = 115
char = ;code = 32
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = d;code = 100
char = u;code = 117
char = c;code = 99
char = e;code = 101
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
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char = ;code = 32
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char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = d;code = 100
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char = a;code = 97
char = l;code = 108
char = ;code = 32
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char = ;code = 32
char = g;code = 103
char = e;code = 101
char = n;code = 110
char = o;code = 111
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char = o;code = 111
char = x;code = 120
char = i;code = 105
char = c;code = 99
char = ;code = 32
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char = t;code = 116
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = s;code = 115
char = s;code = 115
char = ;code = 32
char = b;code = 98
char = y;code = 121
char = ;code = 32
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = h;code = 104
char = i;code = 105
char = b;code = 98
char = i;code = 105
char = t;code = 116
char = o;code = 111
char = r;code = 114
char = s;code = 115
char = ;code = 32
char = o;code = 111
char = f;code = 102
char = ;code = 32
char = g;code = 103
char = l;code = 108
char = y;code = 121
char = c;code = 99
char = o;code = 111
char = g;code = 103
char = e;code = 101
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
char = s;code = 115
char = y;code = 121
char = n;code = 110
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = a;code = 97
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char = e;code = 101
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char = n;code = 110
char = a;code = 97
char = s;code = 115
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = 3;code = 51
char = .;code = 46
result sql = Neural precursor cells are protected from apoptosis induced by trophic factor withdrawal or genotoxic stress by inhibitors of glycogen synthase kinase 3.
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char = l;code = 108
char = l;code = 108
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char = t;code = 116
char = u;code = 117
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char = N;code = 78
char = P;code = 80
char = C;code = 67
char = s;code = 115
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char = d;code = 100
char = e;code = 101
char = r;code = 114
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char = m;code = 109
char = b;code = 98
char = r;code = 114
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char = n;code = 110
char = i;code = 105
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char = m;code = 109
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char = u;code = 117
char = s;code = 115
char = e;code = 101
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char = r;code = 114
char = a;code = 97
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
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char = s;code = 115
char = u;code = 117
char = b;code = 98
char = j;code = 106
char = e;code = 101
char = c;code = 99
char = t;code = 116
char = e;code = 101
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = o;code = 111
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = w;code = 119
char = o;code = 111
char = ;code = 32
char = c;code = 99
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char = m;code = 109
char = m;code = 109
char = o;code = 111
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = p;code = 112
char = o;code = 111
char = p;code = 112
char = t;code = 116
char = o;code = 111
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = c;code = 99
char = ;code = 32
char = c;code = 99
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char = s;code = 115
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char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = r;code = 114
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char = p;code = 112
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char = c;code = 99
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char = a;code = 97
char = c;code = 99
char = t;code = 116
char = o;code = 111
char = r;code = 114
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char = w;code = 119
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char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = d;code = 100
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char = a;code = 97
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char = a;code = 97
char = l;code = 108
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char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = g;code = 103
char = e;code = 101
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char = o;code = 111
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char = c;code = 99
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char = s;code = 115
char = t;code = 116
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char = e;code = 101
char = s;code = 115
char = s;code = 115
char = .;code = 46
char = ;code = 32
char = T;code = 84
char = r;code = 114
char = o;code = 111
char = p;code = 112
char = h;code = 104
char = i;code = 105
char = c;code = 99
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char = f;code = 102
char = a;code = 97
char = c;code = 99
char = t;code = 116
char = o;code = 111
char = r;code = 114
char = ;code = 32
char = w;code = 119
char = i;code = 105
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = d;code = 100
char = r;code = 114
char = a;code = 97
char = w;code = 119
char = a;code = 97
char = l;code = 108
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = c;code = 99
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = v;code = 118
char = a;code = 97
char = t;code = 116
char = e;code = 101
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = G;code = 71
char = S;code = 83
char = K;code = 75
char = 3;code = 51
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = n;code = 110
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = e;code = 101
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char = k;code = 107
char = e;code = 101
char = y;code = 121
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = p;code = 112
char = o;code = 111
char = p;code = 112
char = t;code = 116
char = o;code = 111
char = s;code = 115
char = i;code = 105
char = s;code = 115
char = ;code = 32
char = m;code = 109
char = e;code = 101
char = d;code = 100
char = i;code = 105
char = a;code = 97
char = t;code = 116
char = o;code = 111
char = r;code = 114
char = s;code = 115
char = ;code = 32
char = B;code = 66
char = a;code = 97
char = x;code = 120
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = n;code = 110
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = c;code = 99
char = a;code = 97
char = s;code = 115
char = p;code = 112
char = a;code = 97
char = s;code = 115
char = e;code = 101
char = -;code = 45
char = 3;code = 51
char = .;code = 46
char = ;code = 32
char = P;code = 80
char = h;code = 104
char = a;code = 97
char = r;code = 114
char = m;code = 109
char = a;code = 97
char = c;code = 99
char = o;code = 111
char = l;code = 108
char = o;code = 111
char = g;code = 103
char = i;code = 105
char = c;code = 99
char = a;code = 97
char = l;code = 108
char = ;code = 32
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = h;code = 104
char = i;code = 105
char = b;code = 98
char = i;code = 105
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = o;code = 111
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
char = o;code = 111
char = f;code = 102
char = ;code = 32
char = G;code = 71
char = S;code = 83
char = K;code = 75
char = 3;code = 51
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = c;code = 99
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = v;code = 118
char = i;code = 105
char = t;code = 116
char = y;code = 121
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char = p;code = 112
char = r;code = 114
char = o;code = 111
char = d;code = 100
char = u;code = 117
char = c;code = 99
char = e;code = 101
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = d;code = 100
char = r;code = 114
char = a;code = 97
char = m;code = 109
char = a;code = 97
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = c;code = 99
char = ;code = 32
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = d;code = 100
char = u;code = 117
char = c;code = 99
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = o;code = 111
char = n;code = 110
char = s;code = 115
char = ;code = 32
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = c;code = 99
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = v;code = 118
char = a;code = 97
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = o;code = 111
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
char = o;code = 111
char = f;code = 102
char = ;code = 32
char = B;code = 66
char = a;code = 97
char = x;code = 120
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
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char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = c;code = 99
char = a;code = 97
char = s;code = 115
char = p;code = 112
char = a;code = 97
char = s;code = 115
char = e;code = 101
char = -;code = 45
char = 3;code = 51
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = n;code = 110
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = N;code = 78
char = P;code = 80
char = C;code = 67
char = ;code = 32
char = d;code = 100
char = e;code = 101
char = a;code = 97
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = f;code = 102
char = t;code = 116
char = e;code = 101
char = r;code = 114
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = r;code = 114
char = o;code = 111
char = p;code = 112
char = h;code = 104
char = i;code = 105
char = c;code = 99
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char = f;code = 102
char = a;code = 97
char = c;code = 99
char = t;code = 116
char = o;code = 111
char = r;code = 114
char = ;code = 32
char = w;code = 119
char = i;code = 105
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = d;code = 100
char = r;code = 114
char = a;code = 97
char = w;code = 119
char = a;code = 97
char = l;code = 108
char = .;code = 46
char = ;code = 32
char = T;code = 84
char = r;code = 114
char = o;code = 111
char = p;code = 112
char = h;code = 104
char = i;code = 105
char = c;code = 99
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char = f;code = 102
char = a;code = 97
char = c;code = 99
char = t;code = 116
char = o;code = 111
char = r;code = 114
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char = w;code = 119
char = i;code = 105
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = d;code = 100
char = r;code = 114
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char = a;code = 97
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char = i;code = 105
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char = u;code = 117
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char = e;code = 101
char = d;code = 100
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char = o;code = 111
char = p;code = 112
char = t;code = 116
char = o;code = 111
char = s;code = 115
char = i;code = 105
char = s;code = 115
char = ;code = 32
char = w;code = 119
char = a;code = 97
char = s;code = 115
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char = l;code = 108
char = a;code = 97
char = y;code = 121
char = e;code = 101
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char = B;code = 66
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char = o;code = 111
char = c;code = 99
char = k;code = 107
char = -;code = 45
char = o;code = 111
char = u;code = 117
char = t;code = 116
char = ;code = 32
char = N;code = 78
char = P;code = 80
char = C;code = 67
char = s;code = 115
char = ,;code = 44
char = ;code = 32
char = b;code = 98
char = u;code = 117
char = t;code = 116
char = ;code = 32
char = G;code = 71
char = S;code = 83
char = K;code = 75
char = 3;code = 51
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char = i;code = 105
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char = h;code = 104
char = i;code = 105
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char = s;code = 115
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char = r;code = 114
char = o;code = 111
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char = i;code = 105
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char = e;code = 101
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char = d;code = 100
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char = t;code = 116
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char = a;code = 97
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char = ;code = 32
char = p;code = 112
char = r;code = 114
char = o;code = 111
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char = e;code = 101
char = c;code = 99
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = o;code = 111
char = n;code = 110
char = .;code = 46
char = ;code = 32
char = G;code = 71
char = e;code = 101
char = n;code = 110
char = o;code = 111
char = t;code = 116
char = o;code = 111
char = x;code = 120
char = i;code = 105
char = c;code = 99
char = ;code = 32
char = s;code = 115
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char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = s;code = 115
char = s;code = 115
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char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = d;code = 100
char = u;code = 117
char = c;code = 99
char = e;code = 101
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = b;code = 98
char = y;code = 121
char = ;code = 32
char = c;code = 99
char = a;code = 97
char = m;code = 109
char = p;code = 112
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char = o;code = 111
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = e;code = 101
char = c;code = 99
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = a;code = 97
char = t;code = 116
char = m;code = 109
char = e;code = 101
char = n;code = 110
char = t;code = 116
char = ;code = 32
char = o;code = 111
char = f;code = 102
char = ;code = 32
char = N;code = 78
char = P;code = 80
char = C;code = 67
char = s;code = 115
char = ;code = 32
char = s;code = 115
char = t;code = 116
char = a;code = 97
char = b;code = 98
char = i;code = 105
char = l;code = 108
char = i;code = 105
char = z;code = 122
char = e;code = 101
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = p;code = 112
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char = 3;code = 51
char = ,;code = 44
char = ;code = 32
char = w;code = 119
char = h;code = 104
char = i;code = 105
char = c;code = 99
char = h;code = 104
char = ;code = 32
char = f;code = 102
char = o;code = 111
char = r;code = 114
char = m;code = 109
char = e;code = 101
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
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char = c;code = 99
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char = m;code = 109
char = p;code = 112
char = l;code = 108
char = e;code = 101
char = x;code = 120
char = ;code = 32
char = w;code = 119
char = i;code = 105
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = ;code = 32
char = G;code = 71
char = S;code = 83
char = K;code = 75
char = 3;code = 51
char = b;code = 98
char = e;code = 101
char = t;code = 116
char = a;code = 97
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
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char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = c;code = 99
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = v;code = 118
char = a;code = 97
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char = e;code = 101
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = B;code = 66
char = a;code = 97
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char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
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char = c;code = 99
char = a;code = 97
char = s;code = 115
char = p;code = 112
char = a;code = 97
char = s;code = 115
char = e;code = 101
char = -;code = 45
char = 3;code = 51
char = .;code = 46
char = ;code = 32
char = C;code = 67
char = a;code = 97
char = m;code = 109
char = p;code = 112
char = t;code = 116
char = o;code = 111
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char = e;code = 101
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char = e;code = 101
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char = c;code = 99
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char = s;code = 115
char = p;code = 112
char = a;code = 97
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char = e;code = 101
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char = 3;code = 51
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char = w;code = 119
char = a;code = 97
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char = r;code = 114
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char = d;code = 100
char = u;code = 117
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char = e;code = 101
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = b;code = 98
char = y;code = 121
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char = G;code = 71
char = S;code = 83
char = K;code = 75
char = 3;code = 51
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char = i;code = 105
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char = h;code = 104
char = i;code = 105
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char = t;code = 116
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char = s;code = 115
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char = b;code = 98
char = o;code = 111
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char = b;code = 98
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char = (;code = 40
char = +;code = 43
char = );code = 41
char = (;code = 40
char = /;code = 47
char = );code = 41
char = (;code = 40
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char = );code = 41
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
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char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = b;code = 98
char = a;code = 97
char = x;code = 120
char = (;code = 40
char = -;code = 45
char = /;code = 47
char = -;code = 45
char = );code = 41
char = ;code = 32
char = N;code = 78
char = P;code = 80
char = C;code = 67
char = s;code = 115
char = .;code = 46
char = ;code = 32
char = T;code = 84
char = h;code = 104
char = u;code = 117
char = s;code = 115
char = ,;code = 44
char = ;code = 32
char = N;code = 78
char = P;code = 80
char = C;code = 67
char = s;code = 115
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = s;code = 115
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char = i;code = 105
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = v;code = 118
char = e;code = 101
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char = t;code = 116
char = o;code = 111
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char = l;code = 108
char = o;code = 111
char = s;code = 115
char = s;code = 115
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char = o;code = 111
char = f;code = 102
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = r;code = 114
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char = p;code = 112
char = h;code = 104
char = i;code = 105
char = c;code = 99
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char = f;code = 102
char = a;code = 97
char = c;code = 99
char = t;code = 116
char = o;code = 111
char = r;code = 114
char = s;code = 115
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
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char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = g;code = 103
char = e;code = 101
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char = o;code = 111
char = t;code = 116
char = o;code = 111
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char = i;code = 105
char = c;code = 99
char = ;code = 32
char = s;code = 115
char = t;code = 116
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = s;code = 115
char = s;code = 115
char = ,;code = 44
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
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char = d;code = 100
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char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = h;code = 104
char = i;code = 105
char = b;code = 98
char = i;code = 105
char = t;code = 116
char = o;code = 111
char = r;code = 114
char = s;code = 115
char = ;code = 32
char = o;code = 111
char = f;code = 102
char = ;code = 32
char = G;code = 71
char = S;code = 83
char = K;code = 75
char = 3;code = 51
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = c;code = 99
char = a;code = 97
char = p;code = 112
char = a;code = 97
char = b;code = 98
char = l;code = 108
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = o;code = 111
char = f;code = 102
char = ;code = 32
char = e;code = 101
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char = h;code = 104
char = a;code = 97
char = n;code = 110
char = c;code = 99
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = g;code = 103
char = ;code = 32
char = N;code = 78
char = P;code = 80
char = C;code = 67
char = ;code = 32
char = s;code = 115
char = u;code = 117
char = r;code = 114
char = v;code = 118
char = i;code = 105
char = v;code = 118
char = a;code = 97
char = l;code = 108
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result sql = Mechanisms controlling the survival of neural precursor cells (NPCs) are critical during brain development, in adults for neuron replenishment, and after transplantation for neuron replacement. This investigation found that glycogen synthase kinase 3 (GSK3) promotes apoptotic signaling in cultured NPCs derived from embryonic mouse brain subjected to two common apoptotic conditions, trophic factor withdrawal and genotoxic stress. Trophic factor withdrawal activated GSK3 and the key apoptosis mediators Bax and caspase-3. Pharmacological inhibition of GSK3 activity produced dramatic reductions in the activation of Bax and caspase-3 and NPC death after trophic factor withdrawal. Trophic factor withdrawal-induced apoptosis was delayed in Bax knock-out NPCs, but GSK3 inhibitors provided additional protection. Genotoxic stress induced by camptothecin treatment of NPCs stabilized p53, which formed a complex with GSK3beta and activated Bax and caspase-3. Camptothecin-induced activation of caspase-3 was reduced by GSK3 inhibitors in both bax(+)(/)(+) and bax(-/-) NPCs. Thus, NPCs are sensitive to loss of trophic factors and genotoxic stress, and inhibitors of GSK3 are capable of enhancing NPC survival.
Publication: J. Biol. Chem. 2007 Aug 3 ;282(31)::22856-64.
Publication Date: 2007 Aug 3
Study Author(s): Eom, Tae-Yeon;Roth, Kevin A;Jope, Richard S;
Institution: Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neurobiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama 35294-0017, USA.
Shortcut link to this study:
Publication Date: 2007 Aug 3
Study Author(s): Eom, Tae-Yeon;Roth, Kevin A;Jope, Richard S;
Institution: Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neurobiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama 35294-0017, USA.
Shortcut link to this study:
Mechanisms controlling the survival of neural precursor cells (NPCs) are critical during brain development, in adults for neuron replenishment, and after transplantation for neuron replacement. This investigation found that glycogen synthase kinase 3 (GSK3) promotes apoptotic signaling in cultured NPCs derived from embryonic mouse brain subjected to two common apoptotic conditions, trophic factor withdrawal and genotoxic stress. Trophic factor withdrawal activated GSK3 and the key apoptosis mediators Bax and caspase-3. Pharmacological inhibition of GSK3 activity produced dramatic reductions in the activation of Bax and caspase-3 and NPC death after trophic factor withdrawal. Trophic factor withdrawal-induced apoptosis was delayed in Bax knock-out NPCs, but GSK3 inhibitors provided additional protection. Genotoxic stress induced by camptothecin treatment of NPCs stabilized p53, which formed a complex with GSK3beta and activated Bax and caspase-3. Camptothecin-induced activation of caspase-3 was reduced by GSK3 inhibitors in both bax(+)(/)(+) and bax(-/-) NPCs. Thus, NPCs are sensitive to loss of trophic factors and genotoxic stress, and inhibitors of GSK3 are capable of enhancing NPC survival.
PMID: 17548347
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