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result sql = Effects of developmental hypothyroidism induced by maternal administration of methimazole or propylthiouracil on the immune system of rats.
Effects of developmental hypothyroidism induced by maternal administration of methimazole or propylthiouracil on the immune system of rats.
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char = r;code = 114
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char = e;code = 101
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char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
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char = s;code = 115
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char = a;code = 97
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char = e;code = 101
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char = s;code = 115
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char = c;code = 99
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char = l;code = 108
char = l;code = 108
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char = n;code = 110
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char = m;code = 109
char = b;code = 98
char = e;code = 101
char = r;code = 114
char = s;code = 115
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char = w;code = 119
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char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
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char = d;code = 100
char = e;code = 101
char = c;code = 99
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = a;code = 97
char = s;code = 115
char = e;code = 101
char = d;code = 100
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char = i;code = 105
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char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = e;code = 101
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char = M;code = 77
char = M;code = 77
char = I;code = 73
char = -;code = 45
char = t;code = 116
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = a;code = 97
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char = e;code = 101
char = d;code = 100
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char = a;code = 97
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char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = e;code = 101
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char = h;code = 104
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char = g;code = 103
char = h;code = 104
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char = o;code = 111
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char = P;code = 80
char = T;code = 84
char = U;code = 85
char = -;code = 45
char = t;code = 116
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = a;code = 97
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char = e;code = 101
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char = i;code = 105
char = m;code = 109
char = a;code = 97
char = l;code = 108
char = s;code = 115
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char = a;code = 97
char = t;code = 116
char = ;code = 32
char = P;code = 80
char = N;code = 78
char = W;code = 87
char = s;code = 115
char = ;code = 32
char = 3;code = 51
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = n;code = 110
char = d;code = 100
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char = 1;code = 49
char = 1;code = 49
char = .;code = 46
char = ;code = 32
char = T;code = 84
char = h;code = 104
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = s;code = 115
char = e;code = 101
char = r;code = 114
char = u;code = 117
char = m;code = 109
char = ;code = 32
char = l;code = 108
char = e;code = 101
char = v;code = 118
char = e;code = 101
char = l;code = 108
char = s;code = 115
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char = o;code = 111
char = f;code = 102
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = y;code = 121
char = r;code = 114
char = o;code = 111
char = i;code = 105
char = d;code = 100
char = -;code = 45
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = l;code = 108
char = a;code = 97
char = t;code = 116
char = e;code = 101
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = h;code = 104
char = o;code = 111
char = r;code = 114
char = m;code = 109
char = o;code = 111
char = n;code = 110
char = e;code = 101
char = s;code = 115
char = ;code = 32
char = w;code = 119
char = e;code = 101
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
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char = d;code = 100
char = e;code = 101
char = p;code = 112
char = r;code = 114
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char = s;code = 115
char = s;code = 115
char = e;code = 101
char = d;code = 100
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char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = e;code = 101
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char = M;code = 77
char = M;code = 77
char = I;code = 73
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
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char = d;code = 100
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char = h;code = 104
char = i;code = 105
char = g;code = 103
char = h;code = 104
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char = d;code = 100
char = o;code = 111
char = s;code = 115
char = e;code = 101
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char = P;code = 80
char = T;code = 84
char = U;code = 85
char = ;code = 32
char = g;code = 103
char = r;code = 114
char = o;code = 111
char = u;code = 117
char = p;code = 112
char = s;code = 115
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char = b;code = 98
char = >;code = 62
char = ;code = 32
char = F;code = 70
char = A;code = 65
char = C;code = 67
char = S;code = 83
char = ;code = 32
char = :;code = 58
char = ;code = 32
char = <;code = 60
char = /;code = 47
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char = >;code = 62
char = a;code = 97
char = n;code = 110
char = a;code = 97
char = l;code = 108
char = y;code = 121
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char = i;code = 105
char = s;code = 115
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char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
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char = e;code = 101
char = a;code = 97
char = l;code = 108
char = e;code = 101
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char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = a;code = 97
char = t;code = 116
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = e;code = 101
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char = A;code = 65
char = T;code = 84
char = D;code = 68
char = s;code = 115
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char = c;code = 99
char = a;code = 97
char = u;code = 117
char = s;code = 115
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char = o;code = 111
char = p;code = 112
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char = a;code = 97
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char = e;code = 101
char = s;code = 115
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char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
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char = t;code = 116
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char = e;code = 101
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char = l;code = 108
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char = m;code = 109
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char = o;code = 111
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char = c;code = 99
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char = l;code = 108
char = l;code = 108
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char = p;code = 112
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char = o;code = 111
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char = s;code = 115
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char = T;code = 84
char = h;code = 104
char = e;code = 101
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char = p;code = 112
char = r;code = 114
char = o;code = 111
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char = r;code = 114
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char = o;code = 111
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char = ;code = 32
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char = c;code = 99
char = e;code = 101
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char = l;code = 108
char = s;code = 115
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char = a;code = 97
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char = l;code = 108
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char = m;code = 109
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char = a;code = 97
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char = e;code = 101
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
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char = P;code = 80
char = N;code = 78
char = W;code = 87
char = 3;code = 51
char = ,;code = 44
char = ;code = 32
char = w;code = 119
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char = e;code = 101
char = r;code = 114
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char = a;code = 97
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char = h;code = 104
char = a;code = 97
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char = ;code = 32
char = T;code = 84
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char = l;code = 108
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char = e;code = 101
char = c;code = 99
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char = a;code = 97
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char = l;code = 108
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char = T;code = 84
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char = l;code = 108
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char = e;code = 101
char = a;code = 97
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char = d;code = 100
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char = M;code = 77
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char = e;code = 101
char = o;code = 111
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char = e;code = 101
char = r;code = 114
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char = ;code = 32
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char = e;code = 101
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char = r;code = 114
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char = r;code = 114
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char = i;code = 105
char = o;code = 111
char = n;code = 110
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char = o;code = 111
char = f;code = 102
char = ;code = 32
char = C;code = 67
char = D;code = 68
char = 4;code = 52
char = (;code = 40
char = +;code = 43
char = );code = 41
char = C;code = 67
char = D;code = 68
char = 2;code = 50
char = 5;code = 53
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char = );code = 41
char = ;code = 32
char = r;code = 114
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char = g;code = 103
char = u;code = 117
char = l;code = 108
char = a;code = 97
char = t;code = 116
char = o;code = 111
char = r;code = 114
char = y;code = 121
char = ;code = 32
char = T;code = 84
char = ;code = 32
char = c;code = 99
char = e;code = 101
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char = l;code = 108
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char = a;code = 97
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char = s;code = 115
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char = a;code = 97
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char = e;code = 101
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char = a;code = 97
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char = ;code = 32
char = P;code = 80
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char = W;code = 87
char = 3;code = 51
char = .;code = 46
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char = M;code = 77
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char = l;code = 108
char = s;code = 115
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char = a;code = 97
char = t;code = 116
char = ;code = 32
char = P;code = 80
char = N;code = 78
char = W;code = 87
char = 1;code = 49
char = 1;code = 49
char = .;code = 46
char = ;code = 32
char = T;code = 84
char = h;code = 104
char = e;code = 101
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char = e;code = 101
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char = e;code = 101
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char = t;code = 116
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char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = a;code = 97
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char = A;code = 65
char = T;code = 84
char = D;code = 68
char = s;code = 115
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char = m;code = 109
char = i;code = 105
char = g;code = 103
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char = p;code = 112
char = o;code = 111
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char = a;code = 97
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char = i;code = 105
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char = a;code = 97
char = t;code = 116
char = o;code = 111
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char = e;code = 101
char = f;code = 102
char = f;code = 102
char = e;code = 101
char = c;code = 99
char = t;code = 116
char = s;code = 115
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char = o;code = 111
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char = h;code = 104
char = e;code = 101
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char = d;code = 100
char = e;code = 101
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char = e;code = 101
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char = o;code = 111
char = p;code = 112
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char = n;code = 110
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char = ;code = 32
char = i;code = 105
char = m;code = 109
char = m;code = 109
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char = n;code = 110
char = e;code = 101
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char = s;code = 115
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char = s;code = 115
char = t;code = 116
char = e;code = 101
char = m;code = 109
char = .;code = 46
char = <;code = 60
char = b;code = 98
char = r;code = 114
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result sql = Methimazole (MMI) and propylthiouracil (PTU) are popularly used antithyroid drugs (ATDs) for the treatment of Graves' hyperthyroidism. The aim of the present study was to determine the effects of ATDs on the developing immune system of the rats. Maternal Sprague-Dawley rats were given drinking water containing 200 ppm of MMI, 12 ppm of PTU (high-dose PTU), or 3 ppm of PTU (low-dose PTU) between gestational day (GD) 10 and postnatal week (PNW) 3. Exposure to the ATDs was ceased upon weaning at PNW3, and the male offspring were sampled at PNWs 3 or 11. The serum thyroid-related hormone levels and the hematological components in the offspring were then determined. The expressions of surface markers in the spleen, thymus and peripheral blood were determined using flowcytometry. The weights of the body, spleen and thymus and the splenic and thymic cell numbers were decreased in the MMI-treated and the high-dose PTU-treated animals at PNWs 3 and 11. The serum levels of thyroid-related hormones were depressed in the MMI and high-dose PTU groups FACS : analysis revealed that the ATDs caused proportional changes in the lymphoid cell subpopulations. The proportion of B cells among the total lymphocytes was significantly decreased at PNW3, whereas that of T cells, especially of inactive T cells, was dramatically increased. Moreover, the proportion of CD4(+)CD25(+) regulatory T cells was significantly increased in the spleen and peripheral blood at PNW3. Most of the above-described changes had recovered to normal levels at PNW11. These results suggest that ATDs might have temporal immunomodulatory effects on the developing immune system.

Publication: Int. Immunopharmacol. 2007 Dec 15 ;7(13)::1630-8.
Publication Date: 2007 Dec 15
Study Author(s): Nakamura, Ryosuke;Teshima, Reiko;Hachisuka, Akiko;Sato, Yuji;Takagi, Kayoko;Nakamura, Rika;Woo, Gye-Hyeong;Shibutani, Makoto;Sawada, Jun-Ichi;
Institution: National Institute of Health Sciences, 1-18-1 Kamiyoga, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo 158-8501, Japan.
Shortcut link to this study:
Methimazole (MMI) and propylthiouracil (PTU) are popularly used antithyroid drugs (ATDs) for the treatment of Graves' hyperthyroidism. The aim of the present study was to determine the effects of ATDs on the developing immune system of the rats. Maternal Sprague-Dawley rats were given drinking water containing 200 ppm of MMI, 12 ppm of PTU (high-dose PTU), or 3 ppm of PTU (low-dose PTU) between gestational day (GD) 10 and postnatal week (PNW) 3. Exposure to the ATDs was ceased upon weaning at PNW3, and the male offspring were sampled at PNWs 3 or 11. The serum thyroid-related hormone levels and the hematological components in the offspring were then determined. The expressions of surface markers in the spleen, thymus and peripheral blood were determined using flowcytometry. The weights of the body, spleen and thymus and the splenic and thymic cell numbers were decreased in the MMI-treated and the high-dose PTU-treated animals at PNWs 3 and 11. The serum levels of thyroid-related hormones were depressed in the MMI and high-dose PTU groups FACS : analysis revealed that the ATDs caused proportional changes in the lymphoid cell subpopulations. The proportion of B cells among the total lymphocytes was significantly decreased at PNW3, whereas that of T cells, especially of inactive T cells, was dramatically increased. Moreover, the proportion of CD4(+)CD25(+) regulatory T cells was significantly increased in the spleen and peripheral blood at PNW3. Most of the above-described changes had recovered to normal levels at PNW11. These results suggest that ATDs might have temporal immunomodulatory effects on the developing immune system.
PMID: 17996672

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