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char = s;code = 115
char = ;code = 32
char = o;code = 111
char = f;code = 102
char = ;code = 32
char = m;code = 109
char = e;code = 101
char = t;code = 116
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char = b;code = 98
char = o;code = 111
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char = i;code = 105
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char = a;code = 97
char = c;code = 99
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char = d;code = 100
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char = i;code = 105
char = s;code = 115
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char = n;code = 110
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char = c;code = 99
char = a;code = 97
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char = n;code = 110
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char = h;code = 104
char = e;code = 101
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char = r;code = 114
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char = k;code = 107
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char = o;code = 111
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char = ;code = 32
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char = m;code = 109
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char = u;code = 117
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char = d;code = 100
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char = i;code = 105
char = o;code = 111
char = n;code = 110
char = s;code = 115
char = .;code = 46
result sql = Causes of metabolic acidosis in canine hemorrhagic shock: role of unmeasured ions.

Causes of metabolic acidosis in canine hemorrhagic shock: role of unmeasured ions.

char = <;code = 60
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char = >;code = 62
char = I;code = 73
char = N;code = 78
char = T;code = 84
char = R;code = 82
char = O;code = 79
char = D;code = 68
char = U;code = 85
char = C;code = 67
char = T;code = 84
char = I;code = 73
char = O;code = 79
char = N;code = 78
char = ;code = 32
char = :;code = 58
char = ;code = 32
char = <;code = 60
char = /;code = 47
char = b;code = 98
char = >;code = 62
char = M;code = 77
char = e;code = 101
char = t;code = 116
char = a;code = 97
char = b;code = 98
char = o;code = 111
char = l;code = 108
char = i;code = 105
char = c;code = 99
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = c;code = 99
char = i;code = 105
char = d;code = 100
char = o;code = 111
char = s;code = 115
char = i;code = 105
char = s;code = 115
char = ;code = 32
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char = u;code = 117
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char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = g;code = 103
char = ;code = 32
char = h;code = 104
char = e;code = 101
char = m;code = 109
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char = r;code = 114
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char = a;code = 97
char = g;code = 103
char = i;code = 105
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char = h;code = 104
char = o;code = 111
char = c;code = 99
char = k;code = 107
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char = i;code = 105
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char = ;code = 32
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char = m;code = 109
char = m;code = 109
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char = n;code = 110
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
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char = v;code = 118
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char = a;code = 97
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char = l;code = 108
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char = e;code = 101
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
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char = o;code = 111
char = ;code = 32
char = b;code = 98
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = d;code = 100
char = u;code = 117
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = o;code = 111
char = ;code = 32
char = h;code = 104
char = y;code = 121
char = p;code = 112
char = e;code = 101
char = r;code = 114
char = l;code = 108
char = a;code = 97
char = c;code = 99
char = t;code = 116
char = a;code = 97
char = t;code = 116
char = e;code = 101
char = m;code = 109
char = i;code = 105
char = a;code = 97
char = .;code = 46
char = ;code = 32
char = T;code = 84
char = h;code = 104
char = e;code = 101
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char = e;code = 101
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char = i;code = 105
char = s;code = 115
char = ;code = 32
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = c;code = 99
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = a;code = 97
char = s;code = 115
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
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char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = w;code = 119
char = a;code = 97
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = n;code = 110
char = e;code = 101
char = s;code = 115
char = s;code = 115
char = ,;code = 44
char = ;code = 32
char = h;code = 104
char = o;code = 111
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char = e;code = 101
char = v;code = 118
char = e;code = 101
char = r;code = 114
char = ,;code = 44
char = ;code = 32
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char = a;code = 97
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char = o;code = 111
char = n;code = 110
char = l;code = 108
char = a;code = 97
char = c;code = 99
char = t;code = 116
char = a;code = 97
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char = ,;code = 44
char = ;code = 32
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char = m;code = 109
char = e;code = 101
char = a;code = 97
char = s;code = 115
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char = e;code = 101
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char = s;code = 115
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char = <;code = 60
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char = O;code = 79
char = D;code = 68
char = S;code = 83
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char = m;code = 109
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char = h;code = 104
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char = g;code = 103
char = e;code = 101
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char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
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char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
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char = m;code = 109
char = e;code = 101
char = a;code = 97
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = r;code = 114
char = t;code = 116
char = e;code = 101
char = r;code = 114
char = i;code = 105
char = a;code = 97
char = l;code = 108
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char = s;code = 115
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char = e;code = 101
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char = f;code = 102
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char = 4;code = 52
char = 5;code = 53
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char = m;code = 109
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char = H;code = 72
char = g;code = 103
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char = e;code = 101
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char = k;code = 107
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char = p;code = 112
char = t;code = 116
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char = a;code = 97
char = t;code = 116
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = i;code = 105
char = s;code = 115
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char = l;code = 108
char = e;code = 101
char = v;code = 118
char = e;code = 101
char = l;code = 108
char = ;code = 32
char = u;code = 117
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char = t;code = 116
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char = a;code = 97
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char = i;code = 105
char = c;code = 99
char = ;code = 32
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char = x;code = 120
char = y;code = 121
char = g;code = 103
char = e;code = 101
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
char = d;code = 100
char = e;code = 101
char = b;code = 98
char = t;code = 116
char = ;code = 32
char = o;code = 111
char = f;code = 102
char = ;code = 32
char = 1;code = 49
char = 2;code = 50
char = 0;code = 48
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char = m;code = 109
char = L;code = 76
char = O;code = 79
char = 2;code = 50
char = /;code = 47
char = k;code = 107
char = g;code = 103
char = ;code = 32
char = b;code = 98
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char = g;code = 103
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char = ;code = 32
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char = .;code = 46
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char = B;code = 66
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char = H;code = 72
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char = a;code = 97
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char = e;code = 101
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char = p;code = 112
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char = s;code = 115
char = m;code = 109
char = a;code = 97
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char = a;code = 97
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char = i;code = 105
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char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = e;code = 101
char = d;code = 100
char = .;code = 46
char = ;code = 32
char = C;code = 67
char = a;code = 97
char = p;code = 112
char = i;code = 105
char = l;code = 108
char = l;code = 108
char = a;code = 97
char = r;code = 114
char = y;code = 121
char = ;code = 32
char = e;code = 101
char = l;code = 108
char = e;code = 101
char = c;code = 99
char = t;code = 116
char = r;code = 114
char = o;code = 111
char = p;code = 112
char = h;code = 104
char = o;code = 111
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = s;code = 115
char = i;code = 105
char = s;code = 115
char = ;code = 32
char = w;code = 119
char = a;code = 97
char = s;code = 115
char = ;code = 32
char = u;code = 117
char = s;code = 115
char = e;code = 101
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = o;code = 111
char = ;code = 32
char = i;code = 105
char = d;code = 100
char = e;code = 101
char = n;code = 110
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = f;code = 102
char = y;code = 121
char = ;code = 32
char = p;code = 112
char = o;code = 111
char = t;code = 116
char = e;code = 101
char = n;code = 110
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = a;code = 97
char = l;code = 108
char = ;code = 32
char = c;code = 99
char = o;code = 111
char = n;code = 110
char = t;code = 116
char = r;code = 114
char = i;code = 105
char = b;code = 98
char = u;code = 117
char = t;code = 116
char = o;code = 111
char = r;code = 114
char = s;code = 115
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = o;code = 111
char = ;code = 32
char = u;code = 117
char = n;code = 110
char = m;code = 109
char = e;code = 101
char = a;code = 97
char = s;code = 115
char = u;code = 117
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = n;code = 110
char = i;code = 105
char = o;code = 111
char = n;code = 110
char = s;code = 115
char = .;code = 46
char = <;code = 60
char = b;code = 98
char = r;code = 114
char = /;code = 47
char = >;code = 62
char = <;code = 60
char = b;code = 98
char = r;code = 114
char = /;code = 47
char = >;code = 62
char = <;code = 60
char = b;code = 98
char = >;code = 62
char = R;code = 82
char = E;code = 69
char = S;code = 83
char = U;code = 85
char = L;code = 76
char = T;code = 84
char = S;code = 83
char = ;code = 32
char = :;code = 58
char = ;code = 32
char = <;code = 60
char = /;code = 47
char = b;code = 98
char = >;code = 62
char = D;code = 68
char = u;code = 117
char = r;code = 114
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = g;code = 103
char = ;code = 32
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = d;code = 100
char = u;code = 117
char = c;code = 99
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = o;code = 111
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
char = o;code = 111
char = f;code = 102
char = ;code = 32
char = s;code = 115
char = h;code = 104
char = o;code = 111
char = c;code = 99
char = k;code = 107
char = ,;code = 44
char = ;code = 32
char = p;code = 112
char = H;code = 72
char = ;code = 32
char = d;code = 100
char = e;code = 101
char = c;code = 99
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = a;code = 97
char = s;code = 115
char = e;code = 101
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = s;code = 115
char = i;code = 105
char = g;code = 103
char = n;code = 110
char = i;code = 105
char = f;code = 102
char = i;code = 105
char = c;code = 99
char = a;code = 97
char = n;code = 110
char = t;code = 116
char = l;code = 108
char = y;code = 121
char = ;code = 32
char = f;code = 102
char = r;code = 114
char = o;code = 111
char = m;code = 109
char = ;code = 32
char = 7;code = 55
char = .;code = 46
char = 4;code = 52
char = 1;code = 49
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = o;code = 111
char = ;code = 32
char = 7;code = 55
char = .;code = 46
char = 1;code = 49
char = 9;code = 57
char = .;code = 46
char = ;code = 32
char = T;code = 84
char = h;code = 104
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = r;code = 114
char = a;code = 97
char = n;code = 110
char = s;code = 115
char = i;code = 105
char = e;code = 101
char = n;code = 110
char = t;code = 116
char = ;code = 32
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = c;code = 99
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = a;code = 97
char = s;code = 115
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
char = l;code = 108
char = a;code = 97
char = c;code = 99
char = t;code = 116
char = a;code = 97
char = t;code = 116
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = c;code = 99
char = o;code = 111
char = n;code = 110
char = c;code = 99
char = e;code = 101
char = n;code = 110
char = t;code = 116
char = r;code = 114
char = a;code = 97
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = o;code = 111
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
char = f;code = 102
char = r;code = 114
char = o;code = 111
char = m;code = 109
char = ;code = 32
char = 1;code = 49
char = .;code = 46
char = 5;code = 53
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = o;code = 111
char = ;code = 32
char = 5;code = 53
char = .;code = 46
char = 5;code = 53
char = ;code = 32
char = m;code = 109
char = E;code = 69
char = q;code = 113
char = /;code = 47
char = L;code = 76
char = ;code = 32
char = d;code = 100
char = u;code = 117
char = r;code = 114
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = g;code = 103
char = ;code = 32
char = s;code = 115
char = h;code = 104
char = o;code = 111
char = c;code = 99
char = k;code = 107
char = ;code = 32
char = w;code = 119
char = a;code = 97
char = s;code = 115
char = ;code = 32
char = n;code = 110
char = o;code = 111
char = t;code = 116
char = ;code = 32
char = s;code = 115
char = u;code = 117
char = f;code = 102
char = f;code = 102
char = i;code = 105
char = c;code = 99
char = i;code = 105
char = e;code = 101
char = n;code = 110
char = t;code = 116
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = o;code = 111
char = ;code = 32
char = e;code = 101
char = x;code = 120
char = p;code = 112
char = l;code = 108
char = a;code = 97
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = r;code = 114
char = a;code = 97
char = n;code = 110
char = s;code = 115
char = i;code = 105
char = e;code = 101
char = n;code = 110
char = t;code = 116
char = ;code = 32
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = c;code = 99
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = a;code = 97
char = s;code = 115
char = e;code = 101
char = s;code = 115
char = ;code = 32
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = n;code = 110
char = i;code = 105
char = o;code = 111
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
char = g;code = 103
char = a;code = 97
char = p;code = 112
char = ;code = 32
char = (;code = 40
char = +;code = 43
char = 1;code = 49
char = 1;code = 49
char = .;code = 46
char = 0;code = 48
char = ;code = 32
char = m;code = 109
char = E;code = 69
char = q;code = 113
char = /;code = 47
char = L;code = 76
char = );code = 41
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = n;code = 110
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = s;code = 115
char = t;code = 116
char = r;code = 114
char = o;code = 111
char = n;code = 110
char = g;code = 103
char = ;code = 32
char = i;code = 105
char = o;code = 111
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
char = g;code = 103
char = a;code = 97
char = p;code = 112
char = ;code = 32
char = (;code = 40
char = +;code = 43
char = 7;code = 55
char = .;code = 46
char = 1;code = 49
char = ;code = 32
char = m;code = 109
char = E;code = 69
char = q;code = 113
char = /;code = 47
char = L;code = 76
char = );code = 41
char = ,;code = 44
char = ;code = 32
char = s;code = 115
char = u;code = 117
char = g;code = 103
char = g;code = 103
char = e;code = 101
char = s;code = 115
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = g;code = 103
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = a;code = 97
char = t;code = 116
char = ;code = 32
char = s;code = 115
char = u;code = 117
char = b;code = 98
char = s;code = 115
char = t;code = 116
char = a;code = 97
char = n;code = 110
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = a;code = 97
char = l;code = 108
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = m;code = 109
char = o;code = 111
char = u;code = 117
char = n;code = 110
char = t;code = 116
char = s;code = 115
char = ;code = 32
char = o;code = 111
char = f;code = 102
char = ;code = 32
char = u;code = 117
char = n;code = 110
char = m;code = 109
char = e;code = 101
char = a;code = 97
char = s;code = 115
char = u;code = 117
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = n;code = 110
char = i;code = 105
char = o;code = 111
char = n;code = 110
char = s;code = 115
char = ;code = 32
char = m;code = 109
char = u;code = 117
char = s;code = 115
char = t;code = 116
char = ;code = 32
char = h;code = 104
char = a;code = 97
char = v;code = 118
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = b;code = 98
char = e;code = 101
char = e;code = 101
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
char = g;code = 103
char = e;code = 101
char = n;code = 110
char = e;code = 101
char = r;code = 114
char = a;code = 97
char = t;code = 116
char = e;code = 101
char = d;code = 100
char = .;code = 46
char = ;code = 32
char = C;code = 67
char = a;code = 97
char = p;code = 112
char = i;code = 105
char = l;code = 108
char = l;code = 108
char = a;code = 97
char = r;code = 114
char = y;code = 121
char = ;code = 32
char = e;code = 101
char = l;code = 108
char = e;code = 101
char = c;code = 99
char = t;code = 116
char = r;code = 114
char = o;code = 111
char = p;code = 112
char = h;code = 104
char = o;code = 111
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = s;code = 115
char = i;code = 105
char = s;code = 115
char = ;code = 32
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = v;code = 118
char = e;code = 101
char = a;code = 97
char = l;code = 108
char = e;code = 101
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = c;code = 99
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = a;code = 97
char = s;code = 115
char = e;code = 101
char = s;code = 115
char = ;code = 32
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
char = s;code = 115
char = e;code = 101
char = r;code = 114
char = u;code = 117
char = m;code = 109
char = ;code = 32
char = c;code = 99
char = o;code = 111
char = n;code = 110
char = c;code = 99
char = e;code = 101
char = n;code = 110
char = t;code = 116
char = r;code = 114
char = a;code = 97
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = o;code = 111
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
char = o;code = 111
char = f;code = 102
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = c;code = 99
char = e;code = 101
char = t;code = 116
char = a;code = 97
char = t;code = 116
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = (;code = 40
char = 2;code = 50
char = .;code = 46
char = 2;code = 50
char = ;code = 32
char = m;code = 109
char = E;code = 69
char = q;code = 113
char = /;code = 47
char = L;code = 76
char = );code = 41
char = ,;code = 44
char = ;code = 32
char = c;code = 99
char = i;code = 105
char = t;code = 116
char = r;code = 114
char = a;code = 97
char = t;code = 116
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = (;code = 40
char = 2;code = 50
char = .;code = 46
char = 2;code = 50
char = ;code = 32
char = m;code = 109
char = E;code = 69
char = q;code = 113
char = /;code = 47
char = L;code = 76
char = );code = 41
char = ,;code = 44
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = l;code = 108
char = p;code = 112
char = h;code = 104
char = a;code = 97
char = -;code = 45
char = k;code = 107
char = e;code = 101
char = t;code = 116
char = o;code = 111
char = g;code = 103
char = l;code = 108
char = u;code = 117
char = t;code = 116
char = a;code = 97
char = r;code = 114
char = a;code = 97
char = t;code = 116
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = (;code = 40
char = 3;code = 51
char = 5;code = 53
char = .;code = 46
char = 3;code = 51
char = ;code = 32
char = m;code = 109
char = i;code = 105
char = c;code = 99
char = r;code = 114
char = o;code = 111
char = E;code = 69
char = q;code = 113
char = /;code = 47
char = L;code = 76
char = );code = 41
char = ,;code = 44
char = ;code = 32
char = f;code = 102
char = u;code = 117
char = m;code = 109
char = a;code = 97
char = r;code = 114
char = a;code = 97
char = t;code = 116
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = (;code = 40
char = 6;code = 54
char = .;code = 46
char = 2;code = 50
char = ;code = 32
char = m;code = 109
char = i;code = 105
char = c;code = 99
char = r;code = 114
char = o;code = 111
char = E;code = 69
char = q;code = 113
char = /;code = 47
char = L;code = 76
char = );code = 41
char = ,;code = 44
char = ;code = 32
char = s;code = 115
char = u;code = 117
char = l;code = 108
char = f;code = 102
char = a;code = 97
char = t;code = 116
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = (;code = 40
char = 0;code = 48
char = .;code = 46
char = 1;code = 49
char = ;code = 32
char = m;code = 109
char = E;code = 69
char = q;code = 113
char = /;code = 47
char = L;code = 76
char = );code = 41
char = ,;code = 44
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
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char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = u;code = 117
char = r;code = 114
char = a;code = 97
char = t;code = 116
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = (;code = 40
char = 5;code = 53
char = 5;code = 53
char = .;code = 46
char = 9;code = 57
char = ;code = 32
char = m;code = 109
char = i;code = 105
char = c;code = 99
char = r;code = 114
char = o;code = 111
char = E;code = 69
char = q;code = 113
char = /;code = 47
char = L;code = 76
char = );code = 41
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = f;code = 102
char = t;code = 116
char = e;code = 101
char = r;code = 114
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char = s;code = 115
char = h;code = 104
char = o;code = 111
char = c;code = 99
char = k;code = 107
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char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = d;code = 100
char = u;code = 117
char = c;code = 99
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = o;code = 111
char = n;code = 110
char = .;code = 46
char = <;code = 60
char = b;code = 98
char = r;code = 114
char = /;code = 47
char = >;code = 62
char = <;code = 60
char = b;code = 98
char = r;code = 114
char = /;code = 47
char = >;code = 62
char = <;code = 60
char = b;code = 98
char = >;code = 62
char = C;code = 67
char = O;code = 79
char = N;code = 78
char = C;code = 67
char = L;code = 76
char = U;code = 85
char = S;code = 83
char = I;code = 73
char = O;code = 79
char = N;code = 78
char = ;code = 32
char = :;code = 58
char = ;code = 32
char = <;code = 60
char = /;code = 47
char = b;code = 98
char = >;code = 62
char = L;code = 76
char = a;code = 97
char = r;code = 114
char = g;code = 103
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = m;code = 109
char = o;code = 111
char = u;code = 117
char = n;code = 110
char = t;code = 116
char = s;code = 115
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char = o;code = 111
char = f;code = 102
char = ;code = 32
char = u;code = 117
char = n;code = 110
char = m;code = 109
char = e;code = 101
char = a;code = 97
char = s;code = 115
char = u;code = 117
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = n;code = 110
char = i;code = 105
char = o;code = 111
char = n;code = 110
char = s;code = 115
char = ;code = 32
char = w;code = 119
char = e;code = 101
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = g;code = 103
char = e;code = 101
char = n;code = 110
char = e;code = 101
char = r;code = 114
char = a;code = 97
char = t;code = 116
char = e;code = 101
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = f;code = 102
char = t;code = 116
char = e;code = 101
char = r;code = 114
char = ;code = 32
char = h;code = 104
char = e;code = 101
char = m;code = 109
char = o;code = 111
char = r;code = 114
char = r;code = 114
char = h;code = 104
char = a;code = 97
char = g;code = 103
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = i;code = 105
char = s;code = 115
char = ;code = 32
char = h;code = 104
char = i;code = 105
char = g;code = 103
char = h;code = 104
char = l;code = 108
char = y;code = 121
char = ;code = 32
char = s;code = 115
char = t;code = 116
char = a;code = 97
char = n;code = 110
char = d;code = 100
char = a;code = 97
char = r;code = 114
char = d;code = 100
char = i;code = 105
char = z;code = 122
char = e;code = 101
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = m;code = 109
char = o;code = 111
char = d;code = 100
char = e;code = 101
char = l;code = 108
char = ;code = 32
char = o;code = 111
char = f;code = 102
char = ;code = 32
char = h;code = 104
char = e;code = 101
char = m;code = 109
char = o;code = 111
char = r;code = 114
char = r;code = 114
char = h;code = 104
char = a;code = 97
char = g;code = 103
char = i;code = 105
char = c;code = 99
char = ;code = 32
char = s;code = 115
char = h;code = 104
char = o;code = 111
char = c;code = 99
char = k;code = 107
char = .;code = 46
char = ;code = 32
char = C;code = 67
char = a;code = 97
char = p;code = 112
char = i;code = 105
char = l;code = 108
char = l;code = 108
char = a;code = 97
char = r;code = 114
char = y;code = 121
char = ;code = 32
char = e;code = 101
char = l;code = 108
char = e;code = 101
char = c;code = 99
char = t;code = 116
char = r;code = 114
char = o;code = 111
char = p;code = 112
char = h;code = 104
char = o;code = 111
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = s;code = 115
char = i;code = 105
char = s;code = 115
char = ;code = 32
char = s;code = 115
char = u;code = 117
char = g;code = 103
char = g;code = 103
char = e;code = 101
char = s;code = 115
char = t;code = 116
char = e;code = 101
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = a;code = 97
char = t;code = 116
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = e;code = 101
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result sql = INTRODUCTION : Metabolic acidosis during hemorrhagic shock is common and conventionally considered to be due to hyperlactatemia. There is increasing awareness, however, that other nonlactate, unmeasured anions contribute to this type of acidosis.

METHODS : Eleven anesthetized dogs were hemorrhaged to a mean arterial pressure of 45 mm Hg and were kept at this level until a metabolic oxygen debt of 120 mLO2/kg body weight had evolved. Blood pH, partial pressure of carbon dioxide, and concentrations of sodium, potassium, magnesium, calcium, chloride, lactate, albumin, and phosphate were measured at baseline, in shock, and during 3 hours post-therapy. Strong ion difference and the amount of weak plasma acid were calculated. To detect the presence of unmeasured anions, anion gap and strong ion gap were determined. Capillary electrophoresis was used to identify potential contributors to unmeasured anions.

RESULTS : During induction of shock, pH decreased significantly from 7.41 to 7.19. The transient increase in lactate concentration from 1.5 to 5.5 mEq/L during shock was not sufficient to explain the transient increases in anion gap (+11.0 mEq/L) and strong ion gap (+7.1 mEq/L), suggesting that substantial amounts of unmeasured anions must have been generated. Capillary electrophoresis revealed increases in serum concentration of acetate (2.2 mEq/L), citrate (2.2 mEq/L), alpha-ketoglutarate (35.3 microEq/L), fumarate (6.2 microEq/L), sulfate (0.1 mEq/L), and urate (55.9 microEq/L) after shock induction.

CONCLUSION : Large amounts of unmeasured anions were generated after hemorrhage in this highly standardized model of hemorrhagic shock. Capillary electrophoresis suggested that the hitherto unmeasured anions citrate and acetate, but not sulfate, contributed significantly to the changes in strong ion gap associated with induction of shock.

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