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result sql = Hydroquinone-induced exogenous ochronosis: a report of four cases and usefulness of dermoscopy.
Hydroquinone-induced exogenous ochronosis: a report of four cases and usefulness of dermoscopy.
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char = o;code = 111
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char = e;code = 101
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char = n;code = 110
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char = s;code = 115
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char = ;code = 32
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char = b;code = 98
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char = o;code = 111
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char = h;code = 104
char = r;code = 114
char = o;code = 111
char = n;code = 110
char = o;code = 111
char = s;code = 115
char = i;code = 105
char = s;code = 115
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char = i;code = 105
char = s;code = 115
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char = a;code = 97
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char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
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char = o;code = 111
char = i;code = 105
char = d;code = 100
char = a;code = 97
char = b;code = 98
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char = e;code = 101
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char = d;code = 100
char = e;code = 101
char = r;code = 114
char = m;code = 109
char = a;code = 97
char = t;code = 116
char = o;code = 111
char = s;code = 115
char = i;code = 105
char = s;code = 115
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char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = a;code = 97
char = t;code = 116
char = ;code = 32
char = i;code = 105
char = s;code = 115
char = ;code = 32
char = d;code = 100
char = i;code = 105
char = f;code = 102
char = f;code = 102
char = i;code = 105
char = c;code = 99
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char = l;code = 108
char = t;code = 116
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char = t;code = 116
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = a;code = 97
char = t;code = 116
char = .;code = 46
char = ;code = 32
char = D;code = 68
char = e;code = 101
char = r;code = 114
char = m;code = 109
char = a;code = 97
char = t;code = 116
char = o;code = 111
char = l;code = 108
char = o;code = 111
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char = i;code = 105
char = s;code = 115
char = t;code = 116
char = s;code = 115
char = ;code = 32
char = s;code = 115
char = h;code = 104
char = o;code = 111
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char = a;code = 97
char = b;code = 98
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char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
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char = f;code = 102
char = f;code = 102
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char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
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char = i;code = 105
char = a;code = 97
char = t;code = 116
char = e;code = 101
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char = t;code = 116
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char = ;code = 32
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char = m;code = 109
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char = d;code = 100
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char = i;code = 105
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char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
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char = n;code = 110
char = o;code = 111
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char = ;code = 32
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char = m;code = 109
char = o;code = 111
char = s;code = 115
char = c;code = 99
char = o;code = 111
char = p;code = 112
char = y;code = 121
char = ;code = 32
char = m;code = 109
char = i;code = 105
char = g;code = 103
char = h;code = 104
char = t;code = 116
char = ;code = 32
char = b;code = 98
char = e;code = 101
char = c;code = 99
char = o;code = 111
char = m;code = 109
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = ;code = 32
char = v;code = 118
char = a;code = 97
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char = u;code = 117
char = a;code = 97
char = b;code = 98
char = l;code = 108
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = s;code = 115
char = o;code = 111
char = u;code = 117
char = r;code = 114
char = c;code = 99
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
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char = p;code = 112
char = p;code = 112
char = r;code = 114
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char = i;code = 105
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char = g;code = 103
char = ;code = 32
char = e;code = 101
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char = g;code = 103
char = e;code = 101
char = n;code = 110
char = o;code = 111
char = u;code = 117
char = s;code = 115
char = ;code = 32
char = o;code = 111
char = c;code = 99
char = h;code = 104
char = r;code = 114
char = o;code = 111
char = n;code = 110
char = o;code = 111
char = s;code = 115
char = i;code = 105
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char = .;code = 46
char = <;code = 60
char = b;code = 98
char = r;code = 114
char = /;code = 47
char = >;code = 62
result sql = Hydroquinone is the first choice of topical bleaching agents used in treatment of melasma. In Brazil, hydroquinone is widely prescribed by physicians and often used by patients without a prescription. The principal adverse effects of its chronic use are confetti-like depigmentation and exogenous ochronosis. The latter manifests clinically with gray-brown or blue-black hyperpigmentation, as well as pinpoint hyperchromic papules that look like caviar, and therefore called caviar-like. On histopathology, curved ochre-colored structures, 'banana-shaped' fibers, appear in the papillary dermis. No description of dermoscopy in ochronosis is found in the literature. We report four cases of hydroquinone-induced exogenous ochronosis. Dermoscopy was performed in two patients on the areas with ochronosis, and in addition to the melasma findings, amorphous densely pigmented structures obliterating some follicular openings were observed. Exogenous ochronosis is an avoidable dermatosis that is difficult to treat. Dermatologists should be able to differentiate it from melasma and immediately discontinue hydroquinone. Dermoscopy might become a valuable resource in approaching exogenous ochronosis.

Publication: Int. J. Dermatol. 2008 Jan ;47(1)::19-23. :doi: 10.1111/j.1365-4632.2007.03351.x.
Publication Date: 2008 Jan
Study Author(s): Charlín, Raúl;Barcaui, Carlos B;Kac, Bernard Kawa;Soares, Deborah Brazuna;Rabello-Fonseca, Rosa;Azulay-Abulafia, Luna;
Institution: Instituto de Dermatologia Professor R. D. Azulay, Hospital Santa Casa da Misericórdia do Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. [email protected]
Shortcut link to this study:
Hydroquinone is the first choice of topical bleaching agents used in treatment of melasma. In Brazil, hydroquinone is widely prescribed by physicians and often used by patients without a prescription. The principal adverse effects of its chronic use are confetti-like depigmentation and exogenous ochronosis. The latter manifests clinically with gray-brown or blue-black hyperpigmentation, as well as pinpoint hyperchromic papules that look like caviar, and therefore called caviar-like. On histopathology, curved ochre-colored structures, 'banana-shaped' fibers, appear in the papillary dermis. No description of dermoscopy in ochronosis is found in the literature. We report four cases of hydroquinone-induced exogenous ochronosis. Dermoscopy was performed in two patients on the areas with ochronosis, and in addition to the melasma findings, amorphous densely pigmented structures obliterating some follicular openings were observed. Exogenous ochronosis is an avoidable dermatosis that is difficult to treat. Dermatologists should be able to differentiate it from melasma and immediately discontinue hydroquinone. Dermoscopy might become a valuable resource in approaching exogenous ochronosis.
PMID: 18173595

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