char = [;code = 91
char = R;code = 82
char = e;code = 101
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = a;code = 97
char = l;code = 108
char = ;code = 32
char = d;code = 100
char = e;code = 101
char = t;code = 116
char = a;code = 97
char = c;code = 99
char = h;code = 104
char = m;code = 109
char = e;code = 101
char = n;code = 110
char = t;code = 116
char = ;code = 32
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
char = c;code = 99
char = h;code = 104
char = i;code = 105
char = l;code = 108
char = d;code = 100
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = n;code = 110
char = :;code = 58
char = ;code = 32
char = d;code = 100
char = i;code = 105
char = f;code = 102
char = f;code = 102
char = e;code = 101
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = n;code = 110
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = a;code = 97
char = l;code = 108
char = ;code = 32
char = d;code = 100
char = i;code = 105
char = a;code = 97
char = g;code = 103
char = n;code = 110
char = o;code = 111
char = s;code = 115
char = i;code = 105
char = s;code = 115
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = n;code = 110
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = c;code = 99
char = u;code = 117
char = r;code = 114
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = n;code = 110
char = t;code = 116
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = e;code = 101
char = r;code = 114
char = a;code = 97
char = p;code = 112
char = y;code = 121
char = ];code = 93
char = .;code = 46
result sql = [Retinal detachment in children: differential diagnosis and current therapy].
[Retinal detachment in children: differential diagnosis and current therapy].
char = T;code = 84
char = h;code = 104
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = n;code = 110
char = u;code = 117
char = m;code = 109
char = b;code = 98
char = e;code = 101
char = r;code = 114
char = ;code = 32
char = o;code = 111
char = f;code = 102
char = ;code = 32
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = a;code = 97
char = l;code = 108
char = ;code = 32
char = d;code = 100
char = e;code = 101
char = t;code = 116
char = a;code = 97
char = c;code = 99
char = h;code = 104
char = m;code = 109
char = e;code = 101
char = n;code = 110
char = t;code = 116
char = s;code = 115
char = ;code = 32
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
char = c;code = 99
char = h;code = 104
char = i;code = 105
char = l;code = 108
char = d;code = 100
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
char = i;code = 105
char = s;code = 115
char = ;code = 32
char = v;code = 118
char = e;code = 101
char = r;code = 114
char = y;code = 121
char = ;code = 32
char = l;code = 108
char = o;code = 111
char = w;code = 119
char = ;code = 32
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
char = c;code = 99
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char = m;code = 109
char = p;code = 112
char = a;code = 97
char = r;code = 114
char = i;code = 105
char = s;code = 115
char = o;code = 111
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = o;code = 111
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = n;code = 110
char = u;code = 117
char = m;code = 109
char = b;code = 98
char = e;code = 101
char = r;code = 114
char = ;code = 32
char = o;code = 111
char = f;code = 102
char = ;code = 32
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = a;code = 97
char = l;code = 108
char = ;code = 32
char = d;code = 100
char = e;code = 101
char = t;code = 116
char = a;code = 97
char = c;code = 99
char = h;code = 104
char = m;code = 109
char = e;code = 101
char = n;code = 110
char = t;code = 116
char = s;code = 115
char = ;code = 32
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = d;code = 100
char = u;code = 117
char = l;code = 108
char = t;code = 116
char = s;code = 115
char = ,;code = 44
char = ;code = 32
char = o;code = 111
char = n;code = 110
char = l;code = 108
char = y;code = 121
char = ;code = 32
char = 3;code = 51
char = .;code = 46
char = 2;code = 50
char = ;code = 32
char = -;code = 45
char = ;code = 32
char = 6;code = 54
char = .;code = 46
char = 6;code = 54
char = %;code = 37
char = ;code = 32
char = o;code = 111
char = c;code = 99
char = c;code = 99
char = u;code = 117
char = r;code = 114
char = ;code = 32
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
char = c;code = 99
char = h;code = 104
char = i;code = 105
char = l;code = 108
char = d;code = 100
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = n;code = 110
char = .;code = 46
char = ;code = 32
char = T;code = 84
char = h;code = 104
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = m;code = 109
char = a;code = 97
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
char = p;code = 112
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = d;code = 100
char = i;code = 105
char = s;code = 115
char = p;code = 112
char = o;code = 111
char = s;code = 115
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = g;code = 103
char = ;code = 32
char = f;code = 102
char = a;code = 97
char = c;code = 99
char = t;code = 116
char = o;code = 111
char = r;code = 114
char = s;code = 115
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = r;code = 114
char = a;code = 97
char = u;code = 117
char = m;code = 109
char = a;code = 97
char = ,;code = 44
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = s;code = 115
char = s;code = 115
char = o;code = 111
char = c;code = 99
char = i;code = 105
char = a;code = 97
char = t;code = 116
char = e;code = 101
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = c;code = 99
char = o;code = 111
char = n;code = 110
char = d;code = 100
char = i;code = 105
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = o;code = 111
char = n;code = 110
char = s;code = 115
char = ,;code = 44
char = ;code = 32
char = m;code = 109
char = y;code = 121
char = o;code = 111
char = p;code = 112
char = i;code = 105
char = a;code = 97
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = n;code = 110
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = o;code = 111
char = p;code = 112
char = a;code = 97
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = y;code = 121
char = ;code = 32
char = o;code = 111
char = f;code = 102
char = ;code = 32
char = p;code = 112
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = m;code = 109
char = a;code = 97
char = t;code = 116
char = u;code = 117
char = r;code = 114
char = i;code = 105
char = t;code = 116
char = y;code = 121
char = ;code = 32
char = (;code = 40
char = R;code = 82
char = O;code = 79
char = P;code = 80
char = );code = 41
char = ;code = 32
char = i;code = 105
char = .;code = 46
char = ;code = 32
char = e;code = 101
char = .;code = 46
char = ,;code = 44
char = ;code = 32
char = s;code = 115
char = t;code = 116
char = a;code = 97
char = g;code = 103
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = 4;code = 52
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = n;code = 110
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = 5;code = 53
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = n;code = 110
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = l;code = 108
char = a;code = 97
char = t;code = 116
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = s;code = 115
char = t;code = 116
char = a;code = 97
char = g;code = 103
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = o;code = 111
char = f;code = 102
char = ;code = 32
char = R;code = 82
char = O;code = 79
char = P;code = 80
char = .;code = 46
char = ;code = 32
char = F;code = 70
char = u;code = 117
char = r;code = 114
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = e;code = 101
char = r;code = 114
char = m;code = 109
char = o;code = 111
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = ,;code = 44
char = ;code = 32
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = a;code = 97
char = l;code = 108
char = ;code = 32
char = d;code = 100
char = e;code = 101
char = t;code = 116
char = a;code = 97
char = c;code = 99
char = h;code = 104
char = m;code = 109
char = e;code = 101
char = n;code = 110
char = t;code = 116
char = ;code = 32
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
char = c;code = 99
char = h;code = 104
char = i;code = 105
char = l;code = 108
char = d;code = 100
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
char = c;code = 99
char = a;code = 97
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
char = b;code = 98
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = i;code = 105
char = d;code = 100
char = i;code = 105
char = o;code = 111
char = p;code = 112
char = a;code = 97
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = i;code = 105
char = c;code = 99
char = .;code = 46
char = ;code = 32
char = T;code = 84
char = h;code = 104
char = e;code = 101
char = s;code = 115
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = e;code = 101
char = y;code = 121
char = e;code = 101
char = s;code = 115
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = n;code = 110
char = o;code = 111
char = t;code = 116
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = s;code = 115
char = s;code = 115
char = o;code = 111
char = c;code = 99
char = i;code = 105
char = a;code = 97
char = t;code = 116
char = e;code = 101
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = w;code = 119
char = i;code = 105
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = n;code = 110
char = y;code = 121
char = ;code = 32
char = i;code = 105
char = d;code = 100
char = e;code = 101
char = n;code = 110
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = f;code = 102
char = i;code = 105
char = e;code = 101
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = o;code = 111
char = c;code = 99
char = u;code = 117
char = l;code = 108
char = a;code = 97
char = r;code = 114
char = ;code = 32
char = o;code = 111
char = r;code = 114
char = ;code = 32
char = s;code = 115
char = y;code = 121
char = s;code = 115
char = t;code = 116
char = e;code = 101
char = m;code = 109
char = i;code = 105
char = c;code = 99
char = ;code = 32
char = c;code = 99
char = o;code = 111
char = m;code = 109
char = o;code = 111
char = r;code = 114
char = b;code = 98
char = i;code = 105
char = d;code = 100
char = i;code = 105
char = t;code = 116
char = y;code = 121
char = .;code = 46
char = ;code = 32
char = A;code = 65
char = s;code = 115
char = s;code = 115
char = o;code = 111
char = c;code = 99
char = i;code = 105
char = a;code = 97
char = t;code = 116
char = e;code = 101
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = c;code = 99
char = o;code = 111
char = n;code = 110
char = d;code = 100
char = i;code = 105
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = o;code = 111
char = n;code = 110
char = s;code = 115
char = ;code = 32
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = c;code = 99
char = l;code = 108
char = u;code = 117
char = d;code = 100
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = h;code = 104
char = e;code = 101
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = d;code = 100
char = i;code = 105
char = t;code = 116
char = a;code = 97
char = r;code = 114
char = y;code = 121
char = ;code = 32
char = v;code = 118
char = i;code = 105
char = t;code = 116
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = o;code = 111
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = a;code = 97
char = l;code = 108
char = ;code = 32
char = d;code = 100
char = i;code = 105
char = s;code = 115
char = o;code = 111
char = r;code = 114
char = d;code = 100
char = e;code = 101
char = r;code = 114
char = s;code = 115
char = ;code = 32
char = (;code = 40
char = e;code = 101
char = .;code = 46
char = ;code = 32
char = g;code = 103
char = .;code = 46
char = ,;code = 44
char = ;code = 32
char = m;code = 109
char = o;code = 111
char = r;code = 114
char = b;code = 98
char = u;code = 117
char = s;code = 115
char = ;code = 32
char = S;code = 83
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = c;code = 99
char = k;code = 107
char = l;code = 108
char = e;code = 101
char = r;code = 114
char = ,;code = 44
char = ;code = 32
char = X;code = 88
char = -;code = 45
char = l;code = 108
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = k;code = 107
char = e;code = 101
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = j;code = 106
char = u;code = 117
char = v;code = 118
char = e;code = 101
char = n;code = 110
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char = l;code = 108
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = o;code = 111
char = s;code = 115
char = c;code = 99
char = h;code = 104
char = i;code = 105
char = s;code = 115
char = i;code = 105
char = s;code = 115
char = ,;code = 44
char = ;code = 32
char = M;code = 77
char = a;code = 97
char = r;code = 114
char = f;code = 102
char = a;code = 97
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
char = s;code = 115
char = y;code = 121
char = n;code = 110
char = d;code = 100
char = r;code = 114
char = o;code = 111
char = m;code = 109
char = e;code = 101
char = ,;code = 44
char = ;code = 32
char = f;code = 102
char = a;code = 97
char = m;code = 109
char = i;code = 105
char = l;code = 108
char = i;code = 105
char = &;code = 38
char = #;code = 35
char = 2;code = 50
char = 2;code = 50
char = 8;code = 56
char = ;;code = 59
char = r;code = 114
char = ;code = 32
char = e;code = 101
char = x;code = 120
char = s;code = 115
char = u;code = 117
char = d;code = 100
char = a;code = 97
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = v;code = 118
char = e;code = 101
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char = v;code = 118
char = i;code = 105
char = t;code = 116
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = o;code = 111
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = o;code = 111
char = p;code = 112
char = a;code = 97
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = y;code = 121
char = );code = 41
char = ,;code = 44
char = ;code = 32
char = m;code = 109
char = a;code = 97
char = l;code = 108
char = f;code = 102
char = o;code = 111
char = r;code = 114
char = m;code = 109
char = a;code = 97
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = o;code = 111
char = n;code = 110
char = s;code = 115
char = ;code = 32
char = (;code = 40
char = e;code = 101
char = .;code = 46
char = ;code = 32
char = g;code = 103
char = .;code = 46
char = ,;code = 44
char = ;code = 32
char = p;code = 112
char = e;code = 101
char = r;code = 114
char = s;code = 115
char = i;code = 105
char = s;code = 115
char = t;code = 116
char = e;code = 101
char = n;code = 110
char = t;code = 116
char = ;code = 32
char = h;code = 104
char = y;code = 121
char = p;code = 112
char = e;code = 101
char = r;code = 114
char = p;code = 112
char = l;code = 108
char = a;code = 97
char = s;code = 115
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = c;code = 99
char = ;code = 32
char = p;code = 112
char = r;code = 114
char = i;code = 105
char = m;code = 109
char = a;code = 97
char = r;code = 114
char = y;code = 121
char = ;code = 32
char = v;code = 118
char = i;code = 105
char = t;code = 116
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = o;code = 111
char = u;code = 117
char = s;code = 115
char = ,;code = 44
char = ;code = 32
char = c;code = 99
char = o;code = 111
char = l;code = 108
char = o;code = 111
char = b;code = 98
char = o;code = 111
char = m;code = 109
char = a;code = 97
char = );code = 41
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = n;code = 110
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = a;code = 97
char = l;code = 108
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char = d;code = 100
char = e;code = 101
char = t;code = 116
char = a;code = 97
char = c;code = 99
char = h;code = 104
char = m;code = 109
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char = t;code = 116
char = ;code = 32
char = f;code = 102
char = o;code = 111
char = l;code = 108
char = l;code = 108
char = o;code = 111
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char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = g;code = 103
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char = c;code = 99
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char = a;code = 97
char = r;code = 114
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char = c;code = 99
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char = s;code = 115
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char = r;code = 114
char = g;code = 103
char = e;code = 101
char = r;code = 114
char = y;code = 121
char = .;code = 46
char = ;code = 32
char = I;code = 73
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = ;code = 32
char = f;code = 102
char = e;code = 101
char = w;code = 119
char = ;code = 32
char = c;code = 99
char = a;code = 97
char = s;code = 115
char = e;code = 101
char = s;code = 115
char = ;code = 32
char = r;code = 114
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char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
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char = a;code = 97
char = l;code = 108
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char = d;code = 100
char = e;code = 101
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char = a;code = 97
char = c;code = 99
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char = m;code = 109
char = e;code = 101
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char = i;code = 105
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char = a;code = 97
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char = b;code = 98
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char = C;code = 67
char = o;code = 111
char = a;code = 97
char = t;code = 116
char = s;code = 115
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char = d;code = 100
char = i;code = 105
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char = a;code = 97
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char = e;code = 101
char = .;code = 46
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char = D;code = 68
char = e;code = 101
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result sql = The number of retinal detachments in children is very low in comparison to the number of retinal detachments in adults, only 3.2 - 6.6% occur in children. The main predisposing factors are trauma, associated conditions, myopia and retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) i. e., stage 4 and 5 and late stage of ROP. Furthermore, retinal detachment in children can be idiopathic. These eyes are not associated with any identified ocular or systemic comorbidity. Associated conditions include hereditary vitreoretinal disorders (e. g., morbus Stickler, X-linked juvenile retinoschisis, Marfan syndrome, familiär exsudative vitreoretinopathy), malformations (e. g., persistent hyperplastic primary vitreous, coloboma) and retinal detachment following cataract surgery. In a few cases retinal detachment is caused by uveitis and by Coats disease. Delayed presentation and proliferative vitreoretinopathy are a common problem and in most eyes primary pars plana vitrectomy is necessary. It is important to perform consequent postoperative follow-up. The functional and anatomic outcomes of retinal detachment in children are less successful than in adults. Further surgical innovations and aetiology-specific treatment strategies are required to improve the outcome in this group. Recent results show that the intravitreal use of VEGF inhibitors to treat proliferative retinopathy (ROP) in children is effective, but we need further information about safety and side-effects.

Publication: Klin Monbl Augenheilkd 2008 Sep ;225(9)::779-90. :doi: 10.1055/s-2008-1027515.
Publication Date: 2008 Sep
Study Author(s): Meier, P;
Institution: Universität Leipzig, Klinik und Poliklinik für Augenheilkunde, Leipzig. [email protected]
Shortcut link to this study:
The number of retinal detachments in children is very low in comparison to the number of retinal detachments in adults, only 3.2 - 6.6% occur in children. The main predisposing factors are trauma, associated conditions, myopia and retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) i. e., stage 4 and 5 and late stage of ROP. Furthermore, retinal detachment in children can be idiopathic. These eyes are not associated with any identified ocular or systemic comorbidity. Associated conditions include hereditary vitreoretinal disorders (e. g., morbus Stickler, X-linked juvenile retinoschisis, Marfan syndrome, familiär exsudative vitreoretinopathy), malformations (e. g., persistent hyperplastic primary vitreous, coloboma) and retinal detachment following cataract surgery. In a few cases retinal detachment is caused by uveitis and by Coats disease. Delayed presentation and proliferative vitreoretinopathy are a common problem and in most eyes primary pars plana vitrectomy is necessary. It is important to perform consequent postoperative follow-up. The functional and anatomic outcomes of retinal detachment in children are less successful than in adults. Further surgical innovations and aetiology-specific treatment strategies are required to improve the outcome in this group. Recent results show that the intravitreal use of VEGF inhibitors to treat proliferative retinopathy (ROP) in children is effective, but we need further information about safety and side-effects.
PMID: 18759209

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