|
|
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result sql = Transient pulmonary fibrogenic effect induced by intratracheal instillation of ultrafine amorphous silica in A/J mice.
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char = e;code = 101
char = v;code = 118
char = e;code = 101
char = l;code = 108
char = s;code = 115
char = ;code = 32
char = d;code = 100
char = e;code = 101
char = c;code = 99
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = a;code = 97
char = s;code = 115
char = e;code = 101
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = o;code = 111
char = ;code = 32
char = n;code = 110
char = e;code = 101
char = a;code = 97
char = r;code = 114
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = c;code = 99
char = o;code = 111
char = n;code = 110
char = t;code = 116
char = r;code = 114
char = o;code = 111
char = l;code = 108
char = ;code = 32
char = r;code = 114
char = a;code = 97
char = n;code = 110
char = g;code = 103
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = t;code = 116
char = ;code = 32
char = 4;code = 52
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = n;code = 110
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = 1;code = 49
char = 4;code = 52
char = ;code = 32
char = w;code = 119
char = e;code = 101
char = e;code = 101
char = k;code = 107
char = s;code = 115
char = ;code = 32
char = e;code = 101
char = x;code = 120
char = c;code = 99
char = e;code = 101
char = p;code = 112
char = t;code = 116
char = ;code = 32
char = I;code = 73
char = F;code = 70
char = N;code = 78
char = -;code = 45
char = g;code = 103
char = a;code = 97
char = m;code = 109
char = m;code = 109
char = a;code = 97
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = n;code = 110
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = M;code = 77
char = M;code = 77
char = P;code = 80
char = -;code = 45
char = 2;code = 50
char = .;code = 46
char = ;code = 32
char = T;code = 84
char = h;code = 104
char = e;code = 101
char = s;code = 115
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = s;code = 115
char = u;code = 117
char = l;code = 108
char = t;code = 116
char = s;code = 115
char = ;code = 32
char = d;code = 100
char = e;code = 101
char = m;code = 109
char = o;code = 111
char = n;code = 110
char = s;code = 115
char = t;code = 116
char = r;code = 114
char = a;code = 97
char = t;code = 116
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = a;code = 97
char = t;code = 116
char = ;code = 32
char = U;code = 85
char = F;code = 70
char = A;code = 65
char = S;code = 83
char = ;code = 32
char = c;code = 99
char = a;code = 97
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = d;code = 100
char = u;code = 117
char = c;code = 99
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = p;code = 112
char = u;code = 117
char = l;code = 108
char = m;code = 109
char = o;code = 111
char = n;code = 110
char = a;code = 97
char = r;code = 114
char = y;code = 121
char = ;code = 32
char = f;code = 102
char = i;code = 105
char = b;code = 98
char = r;code = 114
char = o;code = 111
char = s;code = 115
char = i;code = 105
char = s;code = 115
char = ;code = 32
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = s;code = 115
char = a;code = 97
char = m;code = 109
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = w;code = 119
char = a;code = 97
char = y;code = 121
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = s;code = 115
char = ;code = 32
char = c;code = 99
char = r;code = 114
char = y;code = 121
char = s;code = 115
char = t;code = 116
char = a;code = 97
char = l;code = 108
char = l;code = 108
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = s;code = 115
char = i;code = 105
char = l;code = 108
char = i;code = 105
char = c;code = 99
char = a;code = 97
char = .;code = 46
char = ;code = 32
char = H;code = 72
char = o;code = 111
char = w;code = 119
char = e;code = 101
char = v;code = 118
char = e;code = 101
char = r;code = 114
char = ,;code = 44
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = d;code = 100
char = e;code = 101
char = g;code = 103
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = o;code = 111
char = f;code = 102
char = ;code = 32
char = f;code = 102
char = i;code = 105
char = b;code = 98
char = r;code = 114
char = o;code = 111
char = s;code = 115
char = i;code = 105
char = s;code = 115
char = ;code = 32
char = o;code = 111
char = b;code = 98
char = s;code = 115
char = e;code = 101
char = r;code = 114
char = v;code = 118
char = e;code = 101
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = w;code = 119
char = a;code = 97
char = s;code = 115
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = r;code = 114
char = a;code = 97
char = n;code = 110
char = s;code = 115
char = i;code = 105
char = e;code = 101
char = n;code = 110
char = t;code = 116
char = .;code = 46
char = ;code = 32
char = T;code = 84
char = h;code = 104
char = i;code = 105
char = s;code = 115
char = ;code = 32
char = s;code = 115
char = t;code = 116
char = u;code = 117
char = d;code = 100
char = y;code = 121
char = ;code = 32
char = s;code = 115
char = h;code = 104
char = o;code = 111
char = w;code = 119
char = s;code = 115
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = a;code = 97
char = t;code = 116
char = ;code = 32
char = c;code = 99
char = y;code = 121
char = t;code = 116
char = o;code = 111
char = k;code = 107
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = e;code = 101
char = s;code = 115
char = ;code = 32
char = (;code = 40
char = I;code = 73
char = L;code = 76
char = -;code = 45
char = 4;code = 52
char = ,;code = 44
char = ;code = 32
char = I;code = 73
char = L;code = 76
char = -;code = 45
char = 1;code = 49
char = 0;code = 48
char = ,;code = 44
char = ;code = 32
char = I;code = 73
char = L;code = 76
char = -;code = 45
char = 1;code = 49
char = 3;code = 51
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = n;code = 110
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = I;code = 73
char = F;code = 70
char = N;code = 78
char = -;code = 45
char = g;code = 103
char = a;code = 97
char = m;code = 109
char = m;code = 109
char = a;code = 97
char = );code = 41
char = ,;code = 44
char = ;code = 32
char = M;code = 77
char = M;code = 77
char = P;code = 80
char = s;code = 115
char = ;code = 32
char = (;code = 40
char = M;code = 77
char = M;code = 77
char = P;code = 80
char = -;code = 45
char = 2;code = 50
char = ,;code = 44
char = ;code = 32
char = M;code = 77
char = M;code = 77
char = P;code = 80
char = -;code = 45
char = 9;code = 57
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = n;code = 110
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = M;code = 77
char = M;code = 77
char = P;code = 80
char = -;code = 45
char = 1;code = 49
char = 0;code = 48
char = );code = 41
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = n;code = 110
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = T;code = 84
char = I;code = 73
char = M;code = 77
char = P;code = 80
char = -;code = 45
char = 1;code = 49
char = ;code = 32
char = p;code = 112
char = l;code = 108
char = a;code = 97
char = y;code = 121
char = ;code = 32
char = i;code = 105
char = m;code = 109
char = p;code = 112
char = o;code = 111
char = r;code = 114
char = t;code = 116
char = a;code = 97
char = n;code = 110
char = t;code = 116
char = ;code = 32
char = r;code = 114
char = o;code = 111
char = l;code = 108
char = e;code = 101
char = s;code = 115
char = ;code = 32
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = f;code = 102
char = i;code = 105
char = b;code = 98
char = r;code = 114
char = o;code = 111
char = s;code = 115
char = i;code = 105
char = s;code = 115
char = ;code = 32
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = d;code = 100
char = u;code = 117
char = c;code = 99
char = e;code = 101
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = b;code = 98
char = y;code = 121
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = t;code = 116
char = r;code = 114
char = a;code = 97
char = t;code = 116
char = r;code = 114
char = a;code = 97
char = c;code = 99
char = h;code = 104
char = e;code = 101
char = a;code = 97
char = l;code = 108
char = ;code = 32
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = s;code = 115
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = l;code = 108
char = l;code = 108
char = a;code = 97
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = o;code = 111
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
char = o;code = 111
char = f;code = 102
char = ;code = 32
char = U;code = 85
char = F;code = 70
char = A;code = 65
char = S;code = 83
char = .;code = 46
char = <;code = 60
char = b;code = 98
char = r;code = 114
char = /;code = 47
char = >;code = 62
result sql = In order to evaluate the degree of pulmonary fibrosis and to identify the fibrogenic mechanisms induced by ultrafine amorphous silica (UFAS), UFAS suspensions ( approximately 50microl) were instilled intratracheally into A/J mice at doses of 0, 2, 10 and 50mg/kg (n=5 per group). Mice were sacrificed at 24h, 1, 4 and 14 weeks after exposure. Gomori's trichrome staining revealed that UFAS induced severe alveolar epithelial thickening and pulmonary fibrosis at 1 week, though animals almost recovered at 4 and 14 weeks. The mRNA and protein levels of cytokines (IL-4, IL-10, IL-13 and IFN-gamma), matrix metalloproteinases (MMP-2, MMP-9 and MMP-10) and tissue inhibitor of matrix metalloproteinase-1 (TIMP-1) in lung tissues were significantly elevated at 24h and 1week post-treatment, though these levels decreased to near the control range at 4 and 14 weeks except IFN-gamma and MMP-2. These results demonstrate that UFAS can induce pulmonary fibrosis in the same way as crystalline silica. However, the degree of fibrosis observed was transient. This study shows that cytokines (IL-4, IL-10, IL-13 and IFN-gamma), MMPs (MMP-2, MMP-9 and MMP-10) and TIMP-1 play important roles in the fibrosis induced by the intratracheal instillation of UFAS.
char = r;code = 114
char = a;code = 97
char = n;code = 110
char = s;code = 115
char = i;code = 105
char = e;code = 101
char = n;code = 110
char = t;code = 116
char = ;code = 32
char = p;code = 112
char = u;code = 117
char = l;code = 108
char = m;code = 109
char = o;code = 111
char = n;code = 110
char = a;code = 97
char = r;code = 114
char = y;code = 121
char = ;code = 32
char = f;code = 102
char = i;code = 105
char = b;code = 98
char = r;code = 114
char = o;code = 111
char = g;code = 103
char = e;code = 101
char = n;code = 110
char = i;code = 105
char = c;code = 99
char = ;code = 32
char = e;code = 101
char = f;code = 102
char = f;code = 102
char = e;code = 101
char = c;code = 99
char = t;code = 116
char = ;code = 32
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = d;code = 100
char = u;code = 117
char = c;code = 99
char = e;code = 101
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = b;code = 98
char = y;code = 121
char = ;code = 32
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = t;code = 116
char = r;code = 114
char = a;code = 97
char = t;code = 116
char = r;code = 114
char = a;code = 97
char = c;code = 99
char = h;code = 104
char = e;code = 101
char = a;code = 97
char = l;code = 108
char = ;code = 32
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = s;code = 115
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = l;code = 108
char = l;code = 108
char = a;code = 97
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = o;code = 111
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
char = o;code = 111
char = f;code = 102
char = ;code = 32
char = u;code = 117
char = l;code = 108
char = t;code = 116
char = r;code = 114
char = a;code = 97
char = f;code = 102
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = m;code = 109
char = o;code = 111
char = r;code = 114
char = p;code = 112
char = h;code = 104
char = o;code = 111
char = u;code = 117
char = s;code = 115
char = ;code = 32
char = s;code = 115
char = i;code = 105
char = l;code = 108
char = i;code = 105
char = c;code = 99
char = a;code = 97
char = ;code = 32
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
char = A;code = 65
char = /;code = 47
char = J;code = 74
char = ;code = 32
char = m;code = 109
char = i;code = 105
char = c;code = 99
char = e;code = 101
char = .;code = 46
result sql = Transient pulmonary fibrogenic effect induced by intratracheal instillation of ultrafine amorphous silica in A/J mice.
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char = ;code = 32
char = o;code = 111
char = r;code = 114
char = d;code = 100
char = e;code = 101
char = r;code = 114
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = o;code = 111
char = ;code = 32
char = e;code = 101
char = v;code = 118
char = a;code = 97
char = l;code = 108
char = u;code = 117
char = a;code = 97
char = t;code = 116
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = d;code = 100
char = e;code = 101
char = g;code = 103
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = o;code = 111
char = f;code = 102
char = ;code = 32
char = p;code = 112
char = u;code = 117
char = l;code = 108
char = m;code = 109
char = o;code = 111
char = n;code = 110
char = a;code = 97
char = r;code = 114
char = y;code = 121
char = ;code = 32
char = f;code = 102
char = i;code = 105
char = b;code = 98
char = r;code = 114
char = o;code = 111
char = s;code = 115
char = i;code = 105
char = s;code = 115
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = n;code = 110
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = o;code = 111
char = ;code = 32
char = i;code = 105
char = d;code = 100
char = e;code = 101
char = n;code = 110
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = f;code = 102
char = y;code = 121
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = f;code = 102
char = i;code = 105
char = b;code = 98
char = r;code = 114
char = o;code = 111
char = g;code = 103
char = e;code = 101
char = n;code = 110
char = i;code = 105
char = c;code = 99
char = ;code = 32
char = m;code = 109
char = e;code = 101
char = c;code = 99
char = h;code = 104
char = a;code = 97
char = n;code = 110
char = i;code = 105
char = s;code = 115
char = m;code = 109
char = s;code = 115
char = ;code = 32
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = d;code = 100
char = u;code = 117
char = c;code = 99
char = e;code = 101
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = b;code = 98
char = y;code = 121
char = ;code = 32
char = u;code = 117
char = l;code = 108
char = t;code = 116
char = r;code = 114
char = a;code = 97
char = f;code = 102
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = m;code = 109
char = o;code = 111
char = r;code = 114
char = p;code = 112
char = h;code = 104
char = o;code = 111
char = u;code = 117
char = s;code = 115
char = ;code = 32
char = s;code = 115
char = i;code = 105
char = l;code = 108
char = i;code = 105
char = c;code = 99
char = a;code = 97
char = ;code = 32
char = (;code = 40
char = U;code = 85
char = F;code = 70
char = A;code = 65
char = S;code = 83
char = );code = 41
char = ,;code = 44
char = ;code = 32
char = U;code = 85
char = F;code = 70
char = A;code = 65
char = S;code = 83
char = ;code = 32
char = s;code = 115
char = u;code = 117
char = s;code = 115
char = p;code = 112
char = e;code = 101
char = n;code = 110
char = s;code = 115
char = i;code = 105
char = o;code = 111
char = n;code = 110
char = s;code = 115
char = ;code = 32
char = (;code = 40
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = p;code = 112
char = p;code = 112
char = r;code = 114
char = o;code = 111
char = x;code = 120
char = i;code = 105
char = m;code = 109
char = a;code = 97
char = t;code = 116
char = e;code = 101
char = l;code = 108
char = y;code = 121
char = ;code = 32
char = 5;code = 53
char = 0;code = 48
char = m;code = 109
char = i;code = 105
char = c;code = 99
char = r;code = 114
char = o;code = 111
char = l;code = 108
char = );code = 41
char = ;code = 32
char = w;code = 119
char = e;code = 101
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = s;code = 115
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = l;code = 108
char = l;code = 108
char = e;code = 101
char = d;code = 100
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char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = t;code = 116
char = r;code = 114
char = a;code = 97
char = t;code = 116
char = r;code = 114
char = a;code = 97
char = c;code = 99
char = h;code = 104
char = e;code = 101
char = a;code = 97
char = l;code = 108
char = l;code = 108
char = y;code = 121
char = ;code = 32
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = t;code = 116
char = o;code = 111
char = ;code = 32
char = A;code = 65
char = /;code = 47
char = J;code = 74
char = ;code = 32
char = m;code = 109
char = i;code = 105
char = c;code = 99
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = t;code = 116
char = ;code = 32
char = d;code = 100
char = o;code = 111
char = s;code = 115
char = e;code = 101
char = s;code = 115
char = ;code = 32
char = o;code = 111
char = f;code = 102
char = ;code = 32
char = 0;code = 48
char = ,;code = 44
char = ;code = 32
char = 2;code = 50
char = ,;code = 44
char = ;code = 32
char = 1;code = 49
char = 0;code = 48
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = n;code = 110
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = 5;code = 53
char = 0;code = 48
char = m;code = 109
char = g;code = 103
char = /;code = 47
char = k;code = 107
char = g;code = 103
char = ;code = 32
char = (;code = 40
char = n;code = 110
char = =;code = 61
char = 5;code = 53
char = ;code = 32
char = p;code = 112
char = e;code = 101
char = r;code = 114
char = ;code = 32
char = g;code = 103
char = r;code = 114
char = o;code = 111
char = u;code = 117
char = p;code = 112
char = );code = 41
char = .;code = 46
char = ;code = 32
char = M;code = 77
char = i;code = 105
char = c;code = 99
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = w;code = 119
char = e;code = 101
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = s;code = 115
char = a;code = 97
char = c;code = 99
char = r;code = 114
char = i;code = 105
char = f;code = 102
char = i;code = 105
char = c;code = 99
char = e;code = 101
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = t;code = 116
char = ;code = 32
char = 2;code = 50
char = 4;code = 52
char = h;code = 104
char = ,;code = 44
char = ;code = 32
char = 1;code = 49
char = ,;code = 44
char = ;code = 32
char = 4;code = 52
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = n;code = 110
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = 1;code = 49
char = 4;code = 52
char = ;code = 32
char = w;code = 119
char = e;code = 101
char = e;code = 101
char = k;code = 107
char = s;code = 115
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = f;code = 102
char = t;code = 116
char = e;code = 101
char = r;code = 114
char = ;code = 32
char = e;code = 101
char = x;code = 120
char = p;code = 112
char = o;code = 111
char = s;code = 115
char = u;code = 117
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = .;code = 46
char = ;code = 32
char = G;code = 71
char = o;code = 111
char = m;code = 109
char = o;code = 111
char = r;code = 114
char = i;code = 105
char = ';code = 39
char = s;code = 115
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = r;code = 114
char = i;code = 105
char = c;code = 99
char = h;code = 104
char = r;code = 114
char = o;code = 111
char = m;code = 109
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = s;code = 115
char = t;code = 116
char = a;code = 97
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = g;code = 103
char = ;code = 32
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = v;code = 118
char = e;code = 101
char = a;code = 97
char = l;code = 108
char = e;code = 101
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = a;code = 97
char = t;code = 116
char = ;code = 32
char = U;code = 85
char = F;code = 70
char = A;code = 65
char = S;code = 83
char = ;code = 32
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = d;code = 100
char = u;code = 117
char = c;code = 99
char = e;code = 101
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = s;code = 115
char = e;code = 101
char = v;code = 118
char = e;code = 101
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = l;code = 108
char = v;code = 118
char = e;code = 101
char = o;code = 111
char = l;code = 108
char = a;code = 97
char = r;code = 114
char = ;code = 32
char = e;code = 101
char = p;code = 112
char = i;code = 105
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = e;code = 101
char = l;code = 108
char = i;code = 105
char = a;code = 97
char = l;code = 108
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = i;code = 105
char = c;code = 99
char = k;code = 107
char = e;code = 101
char = n;code = 110
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = g;code = 103
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = n;code = 110
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = p;code = 112
char = u;code = 117
char = l;code = 108
char = m;code = 109
char = o;code = 111
char = n;code = 110
char = a;code = 97
char = r;code = 114
char = y;code = 121
char = ;code = 32
char = f;code = 102
char = i;code = 105
char = b;code = 98
char = r;code = 114
char = o;code = 111
char = s;code = 115
char = i;code = 105
char = s;code = 115
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = t;code = 116
char = ;code = 32
char = 1;code = 49
char = ;code = 32
char = w;code = 119
char = e;code = 101
char = e;code = 101
char = k;code = 107
char = ,;code = 44
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = o;code = 111
char = u;code = 117
char = g;code = 103
char = h;code = 104
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = n;code = 110
char = i;code = 105
char = m;code = 109
char = a;code = 97
char = l;code = 108
char = s;code = 115
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = l;code = 108
char = m;code = 109
char = o;code = 111
char = s;code = 115
char = t;code = 116
char = ;code = 32
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = c;code = 99
char = o;code = 111
char = v;code = 118
char = e;code = 101
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = t;code = 116
char = ;code = 32
char = 4;code = 52
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = n;code = 110
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = 1;code = 49
char = 4;code = 52
char = ;code = 32
char = w;code = 119
char = e;code = 101
char = e;code = 101
char = k;code = 107
char = s;code = 115
char = .;code = 46
char = ;code = 32
char = T;code = 84
char = h;code = 104
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = m;code = 109
char = R;code = 82
char = N;code = 78
char = A;code = 65
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = n;code = 110
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = p;code = 112
char = r;code = 114
char = o;code = 111
char = t;code = 116
char = e;code = 101
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
char = l;code = 108
char = e;code = 101
char = v;code = 118
char = e;code = 101
char = l;code = 108
char = s;code = 115
char = ;code = 32
char = o;code = 111
char = f;code = 102
char = ;code = 32
char = c;code = 99
char = y;code = 121
char = t;code = 116
char = o;code = 111
char = k;code = 107
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = e;code = 101
char = s;code = 115
char = ;code = 32
char = (;code = 40
char = I;code = 73
char = L;code = 76
char = -;code = 45
char = 4;code = 52
char = ,;code = 44
char = ;code = 32
char = I;code = 73
char = L;code = 76
char = -;code = 45
char = 1;code = 49
char = 0;code = 48
char = ,;code = 44
char = ;code = 32
char = I;code = 73
char = L;code = 76
char = -;code = 45
char = 1;code = 49
char = 3;code = 51
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = n;code = 110
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = I;code = 73
char = F;code = 70
char = N;code = 78
char = -;code = 45
char = g;code = 103
char = a;code = 97
char = m;code = 109
char = m;code = 109
char = a;code = 97
char = );code = 41
char = ,;code = 44
char = ;code = 32
char = m;code = 109
char = a;code = 97
char = t;code = 116
char = r;code = 114
char = i;code = 105
char = x;code = 120
char = ;code = 32
char = m;code = 109
char = e;code = 101
char = t;code = 116
char = a;code = 97
char = l;code = 108
char = l;code = 108
char = o;code = 111
char = p;code = 112
char = r;code = 114
char = o;code = 111
char = t;code = 116
char = e;code = 101
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = a;code = 97
char = s;code = 115
char = e;code = 101
char = s;code = 115
char = ;code = 32
char = (;code = 40
char = M;code = 77
char = M;code = 77
char = P;code = 80
char = -;code = 45
char = 2;code = 50
char = ,;code = 44
char = ;code = 32
char = M;code = 77
char = M;code = 77
char = P;code = 80
char = -;code = 45
char = 9;code = 57
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = n;code = 110
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = M;code = 77
char = M;code = 77
char = P;code = 80
char = -;code = 45
char = 1;code = 49
char = 0;code = 48
char = );code = 41
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = n;code = 110
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = s;code = 115
char = s;code = 115
char = u;code = 117
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = h;code = 104
char = i;code = 105
char = b;code = 98
char = i;code = 105
char = t;code = 116
char = o;code = 111
char = r;code = 114
char = ;code = 32
char = o;code = 111
char = f;code = 102
char = ;code = 32
char = m;code = 109
char = a;code = 97
char = t;code = 116
char = r;code = 114
char = i;code = 105
char = x;code = 120
char = ;code = 32
char = m;code = 109
char = e;code = 101
char = t;code = 116
char = a;code = 97
char = l;code = 108
char = l;code = 108
char = o;code = 111
char = p;code = 112
char = r;code = 114
char = o;code = 111
char = t;code = 116
char = e;code = 101
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = a;code = 97
char = s;code = 115
char = e;code = 101
char = -;code = 45
char = 1;code = 49
char = ;code = 32
char = (;code = 40
char = T;code = 84
char = I;code = 73
char = M;code = 77
char = P;code = 80
char = -;code = 45
char = 1;code = 49
char = );code = 41
char = ;code = 32
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
char = l;code = 108
char = u;code = 117
char = n;code = 110
char = g;code = 103
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = s;code = 115
char = s;code = 115
char = u;code = 117
char = e;code = 101
char = s;code = 115
char = ;code = 32
char = w;code = 119
char = e;code = 101
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = s;code = 115
char = i;code = 105
char = g;code = 103
char = n;code = 110
char = i;code = 105
char = f;code = 102
char = i;code = 105
char = c;code = 99
char = a;code = 97
char = n;code = 110
char = t;code = 116
char = l;code = 108
char = y;code = 121
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char = e;code = 101
char = l;code = 108
char = e;code = 101
char = v;code = 118
char = a;code = 97
char = t;code = 116
char = e;code = 101
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
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char = ;code = 32
char = 2;code = 50
char = 4;code = 52
char = h;code = 104
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = n;code = 110
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = 1;code = 49
char = w;code = 119
char = e;code = 101
char = e;code = 101
char = k;code = 107
char = ;code = 32
char = p;code = 112
char = o;code = 111
char = s;code = 115
char = t;code = 116
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char = t;code = 116
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = a;code = 97
char = t;code = 116
char = m;code = 109
char = e;code = 101
char = n;code = 110
char = t;code = 116
char = ,;code = 44
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = o;code = 111
char = u;code = 117
char = g;code = 103
char = h;code = 104
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = e;code = 101
char = s;code = 115
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = l;code = 108
char = e;code = 101
char = v;code = 118
char = e;code = 101
char = l;code = 108
char = s;code = 115
char = ;code = 32
char = d;code = 100
char = e;code = 101
char = c;code = 99
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = a;code = 97
char = s;code = 115
char = e;code = 101
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = o;code = 111
char = ;code = 32
char = n;code = 110
char = e;code = 101
char = a;code = 97
char = r;code = 114
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = c;code = 99
char = o;code = 111
char = n;code = 110
char = t;code = 116
char = r;code = 114
char = o;code = 111
char = l;code = 108
char = ;code = 32
char = r;code = 114
char = a;code = 97
char = n;code = 110
char = g;code = 103
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = t;code = 116
char = ;code = 32
char = 4;code = 52
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = n;code = 110
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = 1;code = 49
char = 4;code = 52
char = ;code = 32
char = w;code = 119
char = e;code = 101
char = e;code = 101
char = k;code = 107
char = s;code = 115
char = ;code = 32
char = e;code = 101
char = x;code = 120
char = c;code = 99
char = e;code = 101
char = p;code = 112
char = t;code = 116
char = ;code = 32
char = I;code = 73
char = F;code = 70
char = N;code = 78
char = -;code = 45
char = g;code = 103
char = a;code = 97
char = m;code = 109
char = m;code = 109
char = a;code = 97
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
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char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = M;code = 77
char = M;code = 77
char = P;code = 80
char = -;code = 45
char = 2;code = 50
char = .;code = 46
char = ;code = 32
char = T;code = 84
char = h;code = 104
char = e;code = 101
char = s;code = 115
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = s;code = 115
char = u;code = 117
char = l;code = 108
char = t;code = 116
char = s;code = 115
char = ;code = 32
char = d;code = 100
char = e;code = 101
char = m;code = 109
char = o;code = 111
char = n;code = 110
char = s;code = 115
char = t;code = 116
char = r;code = 114
char = a;code = 97
char = t;code = 116
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = a;code = 97
char = t;code = 116
char = ;code = 32
char = U;code = 85
char = F;code = 70
char = A;code = 65
char = S;code = 83
char = ;code = 32
char = c;code = 99
char = a;code = 97
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = d;code = 100
char = u;code = 117
char = c;code = 99
char = e;code = 101
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char = p;code = 112
char = u;code = 117
char = l;code = 108
char = m;code = 109
char = o;code = 111
char = n;code = 110
char = a;code = 97
char = r;code = 114
char = y;code = 121
char = ;code = 32
char = f;code = 102
char = i;code = 105
char = b;code = 98
char = r;code = 114
char = o;code = 111
char = s;code = 115
char = i;code = 105
char = s;code = 115
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char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = s;code = 115
char = a;code = 97
char = m;code = 109
char = e;code = 101
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char = w;code = 119
char = a;code = 97
char = y;code = 121
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = s;code = 115
char = ;code = 32
char = c;code = 99
char = r;code = 114
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char = s;code = 115
char = t;code = 116
char = a;code = 97
char = l;code = 108
char = l;code = 108
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = e;code = 101
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char = s;code = 115
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char = l;code = 108
char = i;code = 105
char = c;code = 99
char = a;code = 97
char = .;code = 46
char = ;code = 32
char = H;code = 72
char = o;code = 111
char = w;code = 119
char = e;code = 101
char = v;code = 118
char = e;code = 101
char = r;code = 114
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char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
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char = d;code = 100
char = e;code = 101
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char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = e;code = 101
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char = b;code = 98
char = s;code = 115
char = e;code = 101
char = r;code = 114
char = v;code = 118
char = e;code = 101
char = d;code = 100
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char = a;code = 97
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char = t;code = 116
char = r;code = 114
char = a;code = 97
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char = i;code = 105
char = e;code = 101
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char = t;code = 116
char = .;code = 46
char = ;code = 32
char = T;code = 84
char = h;code = 104
char = i;code = 105
char = s;code = 115
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char = s;code = 115
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char = o;code = 111
char = w;code = 119
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char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = a;code = 97
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char = c;code = 99
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char = t;code = 116
char = o;code = 111
char = k;code = 107
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = e;code = 101
char = s;code = 115
char = ;code = 32
char = (;code = 40
char = I;code = 73
char = L;code = 76
char = -;code = 45
char = 4;code = 52
char = ,;code = 44
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char = I;code = 73
char = L;code = 76
char = -;code = 45
char = 1;code = 49
char = 0;code = 48
char = ,;code = 44
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char = I;code = 73
char = L;code = 76
char = -;code = 45
char = 1;code = 49
char = 3;code = 51
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = n;code = 110
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = I;code = 73
char = F;code = 70
char = N;code = 78
char = -;code = 45
char = g;code = 103
char = a;code = 97
char = m;code = 109
char = m;code = 109
char = a;code = 97
char = );code = 41
char = ,;code = 44
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char = M;code = 77
char = M;code = 77
char = P;code = 80
char = s;code = 115
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char = (;code = 40
char = M;code = 77
char = M;code = 77
char = P;code = 80
char = -;code = 45
char = 2;code = 50
char = ,;code = 44
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char = M;code = 77
char = M;code = 77
char = P;code = 80
char = -;code = 45
char = 9;code = 57
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
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char = d;code = 100
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char = M;code = 77
char = M;code = 77
char = P;code = 80
char = -;code = 45
char = 1;code = 49
char = 0;code = 48
char = );code = 41
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
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char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = T;code = 84
char = I;code = 73
char = M;code = 77
char = P;code = 80
char = -;code = 45
char = 1;code = 49
char = ;code = 32
char = p;code = 112
char = l;code = 108
char = a;code = 97
char = y;code = 121
char = ;code = 32
char = i;code = 105
char = m;code = 109
char = p;code = 112
char = o;code = 111
char = r;code = 114
char = t;code = 116
char = a;code = 97
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char = t;code = 116
char = ;code = 32
char = r;code = 114
char = o;code = 111
char = l;code = 108
char = e;code = 101
char = s;code = 115
char = ;code = 32
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = e;code = 101
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char = f;code = 102
char = i;code = 105
char = b;code = 98
char = r;code = 114
char = o;code = 111
char = s;code = 115
char = i;code = 105
char = s;code = 115
char = ;code = 32
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = d;code = 100
char = u;code = 117
char = c;code = 99
char = e;code = 101
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = b;code = 98
char = y;code = 121
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = t;code = 116
char = r;code = 114
char = a;code = 97
char = t;code = 116
char = r;code = 114
char = a;code = 97
char = c;code = 99
char = h;code = 104
char = e;code = 101
char = a;code = 97
char = l;code = 108
char = ;code = 32
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = s;code = 115
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = l;code = 108
char = l;code = 108
char = a;code = 97
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = o;code = 111
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
char = o;code = 111
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result sql = In order to evaluate the degree of pulmonary fibrosis and to identify the fibrogenic mechanisms induced by ultrafine amorphous silica (UFAS), UFAS suspensions ( approximately 50microl) were instilled intratracheally into A/J mice at doses of 0, 2, 10 and 50mg/kg (n=5 per group). Mice were sacrificed at 24h, 1, 4 and 14 weeks after exposure. Gomori's trichrome staining revealed that UFAS induced severe alveolar epithelial thickening and pulmonary fibrosis at 1 week, though animals almost recovered at 4 and 14 weeks. The mRNA and protein levels of cytokines (IL-4, IL-10, IL-13 and IFN-gamma), matrix metalloproteinases (MMP-2, MMP-9 and MMP-10) and tissue inhibitor of matrix metalloproteinase-1 (TIMP-1) in lung tissues were significantly elevated at 24h and 1week post-treatment, though these levels decreased to near the control range at 4 and 14 weeks except IFN-gamma and MMP-2. These results demonstrate that UFAS can induce pulmonary fibrosis in the same way as crystalline silica. However, the degree of fibrosis observed was transient. This study shows that cytokines (IL-4, IL-10, IL-13 and IFN-gamma), MMPs (MMP-2, MMP-9 and MMP-10) and TIMP-1 play important roles in the fibrosis induced by the intratracheal instillation of UFAS.
Publication: Toxicol. Lett. 2008 Nov 10 ;182(1-3)::97-101. :doi: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2008.08.019.
Publication Date: 2008 Nov 10
Study Author(s): Choi, Mina;Cho, Wan-Seob;Han, Beom Seok;Cho, Minjung;Kim, Seung Yeul;Yi, Jung-Yeon;Ahn, Byeongwoo;Kim, Seung Hee;Jeong, Jayoung;
Institution: Department of Toxicological Research, Korea Food and Drug Administration, National Institute of Toxicological Research, Seoul 122-704, Republic of Korea.
Shortcut link to this study:
Publication Date: 2008 Nov 10
Study Author(s): Choi, Mina;Cho, Wan-Seob;Han, Beom Seok;Cho, Minjung;Kim, Seung Yeul;Yi, Jung-Yeon;Ahn, Byeongwoo;Kim, Seung Hee;Jeong, Jayoung;
Institution: Department of Toxicological Research, Korea Food and Drug Administration, National Institute of Toxicological Research, Seoul 122-704, Republic of Korea.
Shortcut link to this study:
In order to evaluate the degree of pulmonary fibrosis and to identify the fibrogenic mechanisms induced by ultrafine amorphous silica (UFAS), UFAS suspensions ( approximately 50microl) were instilled intratracheally into A/J mice at doses of 0, 2, 10 and 50mg/kg (n=5 per group). Mice were sacrificed at 24h, 1, 4 and 14 weeks after exposure. Gomori's trichrome staining revealed that UFAS induced severe alveolar epithelial thickening and pulmonary fibrosis at 1 week, though animals almost recovered at 4 and 14 weeks. The mRNA and protein levels of cytokines (IL-4, IL-10, IL-13 and IFN-gamma), matrix metalloproteinases (MMP-2, MMP-9 and MMP-10) and tissue inhibitor of matrix metalloproteinase-1 (TIMP-1) in lung tissues were significantly elevated at 24h and 1week post-treatment, though these levels decreased to near the control range at 4 and 14 weeks except IFN-gamma and MMP-2. These results demonstrate that UFAS can induce pulmonary fibrosis in the same way as crystalline silica. However, the degree of fibrosis observed was transient. This study shows that cytokines (IL-4, IL-10, IL-13 and IFN-gamma), MMPs (MMP-2, MMP-9 and MMP-10) and TIMP-1 play important roles in the fibrosis induced by the intratracheal instillation of UFAS.
PMID: 18835341
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