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char = a;code = 97
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char = i;code = 105
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char = g;code = 103
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char = k;code = 107
char = e;code = 101
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char = l;code = 108
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char = b;code = 98
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char = m;code = 109
char = o;code = 111
char = n;code = 110
char = i;code = 105
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char = o;code = 111
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char = i;code = 105
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char = g;code = 103
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char = s;code = 115
char = t;code = 116
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char = d;code = 100
char = y;code = 121
char = .;code = 46
result sql = Urinary phthalate metabolite concentrations among workers in selected industries: a pilot biomonitoring study.

Urinary phthalate metabolite concentrations among workers in selected industries: a pilot biomonitoring study.

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char = W;code = 87
char = e;code = 101
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char = g;code = 103
char = h;code = 104
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char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = o;code = 111
char = ;code = 32
char = o;code = 111
char = b;code = 98
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char = o;code = 111
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char = ;code = 32
char = p;code = 112
char = o;code = 111
char = l;code = 108
char = y;code = 121
char = v;code = 118
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = y;code = 121
char = l;code = 108
char = ;code = 32
char = c;code = 99
char = h;code = 104
char = l;code = 108
char = o;code = 111
char = r;code = 114
char = i;code = 105
char = d;code = 100
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = (;code = 40
char = P;code = 80
char = V;code = 86
char = C;code = 67
char = );code = 41
char = ;code = 32
char = f;code = 102
char = i;code = 105
char = l;code = 108
char = m;code = 109
char = ;code = 32
char = m;code = 109
char = a;code = 97
char = n;code = 110
char = u;code = 117
char = f;code = 102
char = a;code = 97
char = c;code = 99
char = t;code = 116
char = u;code = 117
char = r;code = 114
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = g;code = 103
char = ,;code = 44
char = ;code = 32
char = P;code = 80
char = V;code = 86
char = C;code = 67
char = ;code = 32
char = c;code = 99
char = o;code = 111
char = m;code = 109
char = p;code = 112
char = o;code = 111
char = u;code = 117
char = n;code = 110
char = d;code = 100
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = g;code = 103
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = n;code = 110
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = r;code = 114
char = u;code = 117
char = b;code = 98
char = b;code = 98
char = e;code = 101
char = r;code = 114
char = ;code = 32
char = b;code = 98
char = o;code = 111
char = o;code = 111
char = t;code = 116
char = ;code = 32
char = m;code = 109
char = a;code = 97
char = n;code = 110
char = u;code = 117
char = f;code = 102
char = a;code = 97
char = c;code = 99
char = t;code = 116
char = u;code = 117
char = r;code = 114
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = g;code = 103
char = ;code = 32
char = w;code = 119
char = h;code = 104
char = e;code = 101
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = g;code = 103
char = e;code = 101
char = o;code = 111
char = m;code = 109
char = e;code = 101
char = t;code = 116
char = r;code = 114
char = i;code = 105
char = c;code = 99
char = ;code = 32
char = m;code = 109
char = e;code = 101
char = a;code = 97
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
char = (;code = 40
char = G;code = 71
char = M;code = 77
char = );code = 41
char = ;code = 32
char = e;code = 101
char = n;code = 110
char = d;code = 100
char = -;code = 45
char = s;code = 115
char = h;code = 104
char = i;code = 105
char = f;code = 102
char = t;code = 116
char = ;code = 32
char = c;code = 99
char = o;code = 111
char = n;code = 110
char = c;code = 99
char = e;code = 101
char = n;code = 110
char = t;code = 116
char = r;code = 114
char = a;code = 97
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = o;code = 111
char = n;code = 110
char = s;code = 115
char = ;code = 32
char = o;code = 111
char = f;code = 102
char = ;code = 32
char = D;code = 68
char = E;code = 69
char = H;code = 72
char = P;code = 80
char = ;code = 32
char = m;code = 109
char = e;code = 101
char = t;code = 116
char = a;code = 97
char = b;code = 98
char = o;code = 111
char = l;code = 108
char = i;code = 105
char = t;code = 116
char = e;code = 101
char = s;code = 115
char = ;code = 32
char = e;code = 101
char = x;code = 120
char = c;code = 99
char = e;code = 101
char = e;code = 101
char = d;code = 100
char = e;code = 101
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = g;code = 103
char = e;code = 101
char = n;code = 110
char = e;code = 101
char = r;code = 114
char = a;code = 97
char = l;code = 108
char = ;code = 32
char = p;code = 112
char = o;code = 111
char = p;code = 112
char = u;code = 117
char = l;code = 108
char = a;code = 97
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = o;code = 111
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
char = l;code = 108
char = e;code = 101
char = v;code = 118
char = e;code = 101
char = l;code = 108
char = s;code = 115
char = ;code = 32
char = b;code = 98
char = y;code = 121
char = ;code = 32
char = 8;code = 56
char = -;code = 45
char = ,;code = 44
char = ;code = 32
char = 6;code = 54
char = -;code = 45
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = n;code = 110
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = 3;code = 51
char = -;code = 45
char = f;code = 102
char = o;code = 111
char = l;code = 108
char = d;code = 100
char = ,;code = 44
char = ;code = 32
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = s;code = 115
char = p;code = 112
char = e;code = 101
char = c;code = 99
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = v;code = 118
char = e;code = 101
char = l;code = 108
char = y;code = 121
char = .;code = 46
char = ;code = 32
char = O;code = 79
char = c;code = 99
char = c;code = 99
char = u;code = 117
char = p;code = 112
char = a;code = 97
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = o;code = 111
char = n;code = 110
char = a;code = 97
char = l;code = 108
char = ;code = 32
char = e;code = 101
char = x;code = 120
char = p;code = 112
char = o;code = 111
char = s;code = 115
char = u;code = 117
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = o;code = 111
char = ;code = 32
char = D;code = 68
char = B;code = 66
char = P;code = 80
char = ;code = 32
char = w;code = 119
char = a;code = 97
char = s;code = 115
char = ;code = 32
char = m;code = 109
char = o;code = 111
char = s;code = 115
char = t;code = 116
char = ;code = 32
char = e;code = 101
char = v;code = 118
char = i;code = 105
char = d;code = 100
char = e;code = 101
char = n;code = 110
char = t;code = 116
char = ;code = 32
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
char = r;code = 114
char = u;code = 117
char = b;code = 98
char = b;code = 98
char = e;code = 101
char = r;code = 114
char = ;code = 32
char = g;code = 103
char = a;code = 97
char = s;code = 115
char = k;code = 107
char = e;code = 101
char = t;code = 116
char = ,;code = 44
char = ;code = 32
char = p;code = 112
char = h;code = 104
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = a;code = 97
char = l;code = 108
char = a;code = 97
char = t;code = 116
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = (;code = 40
char = r;code = 114
char = a;code = 97
char = w;code = 119
char = ;code = 32
char = m;code = 109
char = a;code = 97
char = t;code = 116
char = e;code = 101
char = r;code = 114
char = i;code = 105
char = a;code = 97
char = l;code = 108
char = );code = 41
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = n;code = 110
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = r;code = 114
char = u;code = 117
char = b;code = 98
char = b;code = 98
char = e;code = 101
char = r;code = 114
char = ;code = 32
char = h;code = 104
char = o;code = 111
char = s;code = 115
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = m;code = 109
char = a;code = 97
char = n;code = 110
char = u;code = 117
char = f;code = 102
char = a;code = 97
char = c;code = 99
char = t;code = 116
char = u;code = 117
char = r;code = 114
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = g;code = 103
char = ,;code = 44
char = ;code = 32
char = w;code = 119
char = i;code = 105
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = ;code = 32
char = D;code = 68
char = B;code = 66
char = P;code = 80
char = ;code = 32
char = m;code = 109
char = e;code = 101
char = t;code = 116
char = a;code = 97
char = b;code = 98
char = o;code = 111
char = l;code = 108
char = i;code = 105
char = t;code = 116
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = c;code = 99
char = o;code = 111
char = n;code = 110
char = c;code = 99
char = e;code = 101
char = n;code = 110
char = t;code = 116
char = r;code = 114
char = a;code = 97
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = o;code = 111
char = n;code = 110
char = s;code = 115
char = ;code = 32
char = e;code = 101
char = x;code = 120
char = c;code = 99
char = e;code = 101
char = e;code = 101
char = d;code = 100
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = g;code = 103
char = ;code = 32
char = g;code = 103
char = e;code = 101
char = n;code = 110
char = e;code = 101
char = r;code = 114
char = a;code = 97
char = l;code = 108
char = ;code = 32
char = p;code = 112
char = o;code = 111
char = p;code = 112
char = u;code = 117
char = l;code = 108
char = a;code = 97
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = o;code = 111
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
char = l;code = 108
char = e;code = 101
char = v;code = 118
char = e;code = 101
char = l;code = 108
char = s;code = 115
char = ;code = 32
char = b;code = 98
char = y;code = 121
char = ;code = 32
char = 2;code = 50
char = 6;code = 54
char = -;code = 45
char = ,;code = 44
char = ;code = 32
char = 2;code = 50
char = 5;code = 53
char = -;code = 45
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = n;code = 110
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = 1;code = 49
char = 0;code = 48
char = -;code = 45
char = f;code = 102
char = o;code = 111
char = l;code = 108
char = d;code = 100
char = ,;code = 44
char = ;code = 32
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = s;code = 115
char = p;code = 112
char = e;code = 101
char = c;code = 99
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = v;code = 118
char = e;code = 101
char = l;code = 108
char = y;code = 121
char = ,;code = 44
char = ;code = 32
char = w;code = 119
char = h;code = 104
char = e;code = 101
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = a;code = 97
char = s;code = 115
char = ;code = 32
char = D;code = 68
char = B;code = 66
char = P;code = 80
char = ;code = 32
char = e;code = 101
char = x;code = 120
char = p;code = 112
char = o;code = 111
char = s;code = 115
char = u;code = 117
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
char = n;code = 110
char = a;code = 97
char = i;code = 105
char = l;code = 108
char = -;code = 45
char = o;code = 111
char = n;code = 110
char = l;code = 108
char = y;code = 121
char = ;code = 32
char = s;code = 115
char = a;code = 97
char = l;code = 108
char = o;code = 111
char = n;code = 110
char = s;code = 115
char = ;code = 32
char = (;code = 40
char = m;code = 109
char = a;code = 97
char = n;code = 110
char = i;code = 105
char = c;code = 99
char = u;code = 117
char = r;code = 114
char = i;code = 105
char = s;code = 115
char = t;code = 116
char = s;code = 115
char = );code = 41
char = ;code = 32
char = w;code = 119
char = a;code = 97
char = s;code = 115
char = ;code = 32
char = o;code = 111
char = n;code = 110
char = l;code = 108
char = y;code = 121
char = ;code = 32
char = 2;code = 50
char = -;code = 45
char = f;code = 102
char = o;code = 111
char = l;code = 108
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = h;code = 104
char = i;code = 105
char = g;code = 103
char = h;code = 104
char = e;code = 101
char = r;code = 114
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = a;code = 97
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = g;code = 103
char = e;code = 101
char = n;code = 110
char = e;code = 101
char = r;code = 114
char = a;code = 97
char = l;code = 108
char = ;code = 32
char = p;code = 112
char = o;code = 111
char = p;code = 112
char = u;code = 117
char = l;code = 108
char = a;code = 97
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = o;code = 111
char = n;code = 110
char = .;code = 46
char = ;code = 32
char = C;code = 67
char = o;code = 111
char = n;code = 110
char = c;code = 99
char = e;code = 101
char = n;code = 110
char = t;code = 116
char = r;code = 114
char = a;code = 97
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = o;code = 111
char = n;code = 110
char = s;code = 115
char = ;code = 32
char = o;code = 111
char = f;code = 102
char = ;code = 32
char = D;code = 68
char = E;code = 69
char = P;code = 80
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = n;code = 110
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = D;code = 68
char = M;code = 77
char = P;code = 80
char = ;code = 32
char = m;code = 109
char = e;code = 101
char = t;code = 116
char = a;code = 97
char = b;code = 98
char = o;code = 111
char = l;code = 108
char = i;code = 105
char = t;code = 116
char = e;code = 101
char = s;code = 115
char = ;code = 32
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
char = p;code = 112
char = h;code = 104
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = a;code = 97
char = l;code = 108
char = a;code = 97
char = t;code = 116
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = m;code = 109
char = a;code = 97
char = n;code = 110
char = u;code = 117
char = f;code = 102
char = a;code = 97
char = c;code = 99
char = t;code = 116
char = u;code = 117
char = r;code = 114
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = g;code = 103
char = ;code = 32
char = e;code = 101
char = x;code = 120
char = c;code = 99
char = e;code = 101
char = e;code = 101
char = d;code = 100
char = e;code = 101
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = g;code = 103
char = e;code = 101
char = n;code = 110
char = e;code = 101
char = r;code = 114
char = a;code = 97
char = l;code = 108
char = ;code = 32
char = p;code = 112
char = o;code = 111
char = p;code = 112
char = u;code = 117
char = l;code = 108
char = a;code = 97
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = o;code = 111
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
char = l;code = 108
char = e;code = 101
char = v;code = 118
char = e;code = 101
char = l;code = 108
char = s;code = 115
char = ;code = 32
char = b;code = 98
char = y;code = 121
char = ;code = 32
char = 4;code = 52
char = -;code = 45
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = n;code = 110
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = >;code = 62
char = 1;code = 49
char = 0;code = 48
char = 0;code = 48
char = 0;code = 48
char = -;code = 45
char = f;code = 102
char = o;code = 111
char = l;code = 108
char = d;code = 100
char = ,;code = 44
char = ;code = 32
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = s;code = 115
char = p;code = 112
char = e;code = 101
char = c;code = 99
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = v;code = 118
char = e;code = 101
char = l;code = 108
char = y;code = 121
char = .;code = 46
char = ;code = 32
char = W;code = 87
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = l;code = 108
char = s;code = 115
char = o;code = 111
char = ;code = 32
char = f;code = 102
char = o;code = 111
char = u;code = 117
char = n;code = 110
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = s;code = 115
char = t;code = 116
char = a;code = 97
char = n;code = 110
char = c;code = 99
char = e;code = 101
char = s;code = 115
char = ;code = 32
char = w;code = 119
char = h;code = 104
char = e;code = 101
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = G;code = 71
char = M;code = 77
char = ;code = 32
char = e;code = 101
char = n;code = 110
char = d;code = 100
char = -;code = 45
char = s;code = 115
char = h;code = 104
char = i;code = 105
char = f;code = 102
char = t;code = 116
char = ;code = 32
char = c;code = 99
char = o;code = 111
char = n;code = 110
char = c;code = 99
char = e;code = 101
char = n;code = 110
char = t;code = 116
char = r;code = 114
char = a;code = 97
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = o;code = 111
char = n;code = 110
char = s;code = 115
char = ;code = 32
char = o;code = 111
char = f;code = 102
char = ;code = 32
char = s;code = 115
char = o;code = 111
char = m;code = 109
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = m;code = 109
char = e;code = 101
char = t;code = 116
char = a;code = 97
char = b;code = 98
char = o;code = 111
char = l;code = 108
char = i;code = 105
char = t;code = 116
char = e;code = 101
char = s;code = 115
char = ;code = 32
char = e;code = 101
char = x;code = 120
char = c;code = 99
char = e;code = 101
char = e;code = 101
char = d;code = 100
char = e;code = 101
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = g;code = 103
char = e;code = 101
char = n;code = 110
char = e;code = 101
char = r;code = 114
char = a;code = 97
char = l;code = 108
char = ;code = 32
char = p;code = 112
char = o;code = 111
char = p;code = 112
char = u;code = 117
char = l;code = 108
char = a;code = 97
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = o;code = 111
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
char = c;code = 99
char = o;code = 111
char = n;code = 110
char = c;code = 99
char = e;code = 101
char = n;code = 110
char = t;code = 116
char = r;code = 114
char = a;code = 97
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = o;code = 111
char = n;code = 110
char = s;code = 115
char = ;code = 32
char = e;code = 101
char = v;code = 118
char = e;code = 101
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
char = w;code = 119
char = h;code = 104
char = e;code = 101
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
char = n;code = 110
char = o;code = 111
char = ;code = 32
char = w;code = 119
char = o;code = 111
char = r;code = 114
char = k;code = 107
char = p;code = 112
char = l;code = 108
char = a;code = 97
char = c;code = 99
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = u;code = 117
char = s;code = 115
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = w;code = 119
char = a;code = 97
char = s;code = 115
char = ;code = 32
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = p;code = 112
char = o;code = 111
char = r;code = 114
char = t;code = 116
char = e;code = 101
char = d;code = 100
char = ,;code = 44
char = ;code = 32
char = e;code = 101
char = .;code = 46
char = g;code = 103
char = .;code = 46
char = ;code = 32
char = B;code = 66
char = z;code = 122
char = B;code = 66
char = P;code = 80
char = ;code = 32
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
char = r;code = 114
char = u;code = 117
char = b;code = 98
char = b;code = 98
char = e;code = 101
char = r;code = 114
char = ;code = 32
char = h;code = 104
char = o;code = 111
char = s;code = 115
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = n;code = 110
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = r;code = 114
char = u;code = 117
char = b;code = 98
char = b;code = 98
char = e;code = 101
char = r;code = 114
char = ;code = 32
char = b;code = 98
char = o;code = 111
char = o;code = 111
char = t;code = 116
char = ;code = 32
char = m;code = 109
char = a;code = 97
char = n;code = 110
char = u;code = 117
char = f;code = 102
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char = s;code = 115
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char = f;code = 102
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char = l;code = 108
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char = c;code = 99
char = e;code = 101
char = s;code = 115
char = ;code = 32
char = w;code = 119
char = i;code = 105
char = t;code = 116
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char = ;code = 32
char = l;code = 108
char = i;code = 105
char = k;code = 107
char = e;code = 101
char = l;code = 108
char = y;code = 121
char = ;code = 32
char = o;code = 111
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char = s;code = 115
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char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = o;code = 111
char = n;code = 110
char = a;code = 97
char = l;code = 108
char = ;code = 32
char = f;code = 102
char = r;code = 114
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char = ;code = 32
char = s;code = 115
char = o;code = 111
char = u;code = 117
char = r;code = 114
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char = u;code = 117
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char = ;code = 32
char = w;code = 119
char = o;code = 111
char = r;code = 114
char = k;code = 107
char = p;code = 112
char = l;code = 108
char = a;code = 97
char = c;code = 99
char = e;code = 101
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result sql = Phthalates are used as plasticizers and solvents in industrial, medical and consumer products; however, occupational exposure information is limited. We sought to obtain preliminary information on occupational exposures to diethyl phthalate (DEP), di-n-butyl phthalate (DBP) and di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) by analyzing for their metabolites in urine samples collected from workers in a cross-section of industries. We also obtained data on metabolites of dimethyl phthalate (DMP), benzylbutyl phthalate (BzBP), di-isobutyl phthalate and di-isononyl phthalate. We recruited 156 workers in 2003-2005 from eight industry sectors. We assessed occupational contribution by comparing end-shift metabolite concentrations to the US general population. Evidence of occupational exposure to DEHP was strongest in polyvinyl chloride (PVC) film manufacturing, PVC compounding and rubber boot manufacturing where geometric mean (GM) end-shift concentrations of DEHP metabolites exceeded general population levels by 8-, 6- and 3-fold, respectively. Occupational exposure to DBP was most evident in rubber gasket, phthalate (raw material) and rubber hose manufacturing, with DBP metabolite concentrations exceeding general population levels by 26-, 25- and 10-fold, respectively, whereas DBP exposure in nail-only salons (manicurists) was only 2-fold higher than in the general population. Concentrations of DEP and DMP metabolites in phthalate manufacturing exceeded general population levels by 4- and >1000-fold, respectively. We also found instances where GM end-shift concentrations of some metabolites exceeded general population concentrations even when no workplace use was reported, e.g. BzBP in rubber hose and rubber boot manufacturing. In summary, using urinary metabolites, we successfully identified workplaces with likely occupational phthalate exposure. Additional work is needed to distinguish occupational from non-occupational sources in low-exposure workplaces.

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