char = R;code = 82 char = e;code = 101 char = v;code = 118 char = e;code = 101 char = r;code = 114 char = s;code = 115 char = a;code = 97 char = l;code = 108 char = ;code = 32 char = o;code = 111 char = f;code = 102 char = ;code = 32 char = p;code = 112 char = r;code = 114 char = o;code = 111 char = p;code = 112 char = o;code = 111 char = x;code = 120 char = u;code = 117 char = r;code = 114 char = -;code = 45 char = i;code = 105 char = n;code = 110 char = d;code = 100 char = u;code = 117 char = c;code = 99 char = e;code = 101 char = d;code = 100 char = ;code = 32 char = i;code = 105 char = m;code = 109 char = p;code = 112 char = a;code = 97 char = i;code = 105 char = r;code = 114 char = m;code = 109 char = e;code = 101 char = n;code = 110 char = t;code = 116 char = ;code = 32 char = o;code = 111 char = f;code = 102 char = ;code = 32 char = m;code = 109 char = e;code = 101 char = m;code = 109 char = o;code = 111 char = r;code = 114 char = y;code = 121 char = ;code = 32 char = a;code = 97 char = n;code = 110 char = d;code = 100 char = ;code = 32 char = o;code = 111 char = x;code = 120 char = i;code = 105 char = d;code = 100 char = a;code = 97 char = t;code = 116 char = i;code = 105 char = v;code = 118 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = s;code = 115 char = t;code = 116 char = r;code = 114 char = e;code = 101 char = s;code = 115 char = s;code = 115 char = ;code = 32 char = b;code = 98 char = y;code = 121 char = ;code = 32 char = 4;code = 52 char = ';code = 39 char = -;code = 45 char = c;code = 99 char = h;code = 104 char = l;code = 108 char = o;code = 111 char = r;code = 114 char = o;code = 111 char = d;code = 100 char = i;code = 105 char = a;code = 97 char = z;code = 122 char = e;code = 101 char = p;code = 112 char = a;code = 97 char = m;code = 109 char = ;code = 32 char = i;code = 105 char = n;code = 110 char = ;code = 32 char = r;code = 114 char = a;code = 97 char = t;code = 116 char = s;code = 115 char = .;code = 46 result sql = Reversal of propoxur-induced impairment of memory and oxidative stress by 4'-chlorodiazepam in rats.
Reversal of propoxur-induced impairment of memory and oxidative stress by 4'-chlorodiazepam in rats.char = C;code = 67 char = a;code = 97 char = r;code = 114 char = b;code = 98 char = a;code = 97 char = m;code = 109 char = a;code = 97 char = t;code = 116 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = p;code = 112 char = e;code = 101 char = s;code = 115 char = t;code = 116 char = i;code = 105 char = c;code = 99 char = i;code = 105 char = d;code = 100 char = e;code = 101 char = s;code = 115 char = ;code = 32 char = l;code = 108 char = i;code = 105 char = k;code = 107 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = p;code = 112 char = r;code = 114 char = o;code = 111 char = p;code = 112 char = o;code = 111 char = x;code = 120 char = u;code = 117 char = r;code = 114 char = ;code = 32 char = h;code = 104 char = a;code = 97 char = v;code = 118 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = b;code = 98 char = e;code = 101 char = e;code = 101 char = n;code = 110 char = ;code = 32 char = s;code = 115 char = h;code = 104 char = o;code = 111 char = w;code = 119 char = n;code = 110 char = ;code = 32 char = t;code = 116 char = o;code = 111 char = ;code = 32 char = a;code = 97 char = d;code = 100 char = v;code = 118 char = e;code = 101 char = r;code = 114 char = s;code = 115 char = e;code = 101 char = l;code = 108 char = y;code = 121 char = ;code = 32 char = a;code = 97 char = f;code = 102 char = f;code = 102 char = e;code = 101 char = c;code = 99 char = t;code = 116 char = ;code = 32 char = m;code = 109 char = e;code = 101 char = m;code = 109 char = o;code = 111 char = r;code = 114 char = y;code = 121 char = ;code = 32 char = a;code = 97 char = n;code = 110 char = d;code = 100 char = ;code = 32 char = i;code = 105 char = n;code = 110 char = d;code = 100 char = u;code = 117 char = c;code = 99 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = o;code = 111 char = x;code = 120 char = i;code = 105 char = d;code = 100 char = a;code = 97 char = t;code = 116 char = i;code = 105 char = v;code = 118 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = s;code = 115 char = t;code = 116 char = r;code = 114 char = e;code = 101 char = s;code = 115 char = s;code = 115 char = ;code = 32 char = o;code = 111 char = n;code = 110 char = ;code = 32 char = b;code = 98 char = o;code = 111 char = t;code = 116 char = h;code = 104 char = ;code = 32 char = a;code = 97 char = c;code = 99 char = u;code = 117 char = t;code = 116 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = a;code = 97 char = n;code = 110 char = d;code = 100 char = ;code = 32 char = c;code = 99 char = h;code = 104 char = r;code = 114 char = o;code = 111 char = n;code = 110 char = i;code = 105 char = c;code = 99 char = ;code = 32 char = e;code = 101 char = x;code = 120 char = p;code = 112 char = o;code = 111 char = s;code = 115 char = u;code = 117 char = r;code = 114 char = e;code = 101 char = .;code = 46 char = ;code = 32 char = T;code = 84 char = h;code = 104 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = p;code = 112 char = r;code = 114 char = e;code = 101 char = s;code = 115 char = e;code = 101 char = n;code = 110 char = t;code = 116 char = ;code = 32 char = s;code = 115 char = t;code = 116 char = u;code = 117 char = d;code = 100 char = y;code = 121 char = ;code = 32 char = w;code = 119 char = a;code = 97 char = s;code = 115 char = ;code = 32 char = d;code = 100 char = e;code = 101 char = s;code = 115 char = i;code = 105 char = g;code = 103 char = n;code = 110 char = e;code = 101 char = d;code = 100 char = ;code = 32 char = t;code = 116 char = o;code = 111 char = ;code = 32 char = e;code = 101 char = x;code = 120 char = p;code = 112 char = l;code = 108 char = o;code = 111 char = r;code = 114 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = t;code = 116 char = h;code = 104 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = m;code = 109 char = o;code = 111 char = d;code = 100 char = u;code = 117 char = l;code = 108 char = a;code = 97 char = t;code = 116 char = i;code = 105 char = o;code = 111 char = n;code = 110 char = ;code = 32 char = o;code = 111 char = f;code = 102 char = ;code = 32 char = t;code = 116 char = h;code = 104 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = e;code = 101 char = f;code = 102 char = f;code = 102 char = e;code = 101 char = c;code = 99 char = t;code = 116 char = s;code = 115 char = ;code = 32 char = o;code = 111 char = f;code = 102 char = ;code = 32 char = p;code = 112 char = r;code = 114 char = o;code = 111 char = p;code = 112 char = o;code = 111 char = x;code = 120 char = u;code = 117 char = r;code = 114 char = ;code = 32 char = o;code = 111 char = v;code = 118 char = e;code = 101 char = r;code = 114 char = ;code = 32 char = c;code = 99 char = o;code = 111 char = g;code = 103 char = n;code = 110 char = i;code = 105 char = t;code = 116 char = i;code = 105 char = v;code = 118 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = f;code = 102 char = u;code = 117 char = n;code = 110 char = c;code = 99 char = t;code = 116 char = i;code = 105 char = o;code = 111 char = n;code = 110 char = ;code = 32 char = b;code = 98 char = y;code = 121 char = ;code = 32 char = p;code = 112 char = r;code = 114 char = o;code = 111 char = g;code = 103 char = e;code = 101 char = s;code = 115 char = t;code = 116 char = e;code = 101 char = r;code = 114 char = o;code = 111 char = n;code = 110 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = (;code = 40 char = P;code = 80 char = R;code = 82 char = O;code = 79 char = G;code = 71 char = );code = 41 char = ;code = 32 char = a;code = 97 char = n;code = 110 char = d;code = 100 char = ;code = 32 char = 4;code = 52 char = ';code = 39 char = -;code = 45 char = c;code = 99 char = h;code = 104 char = l;code = 108 char = o;code = 111 char = r;code = 114 char = o;code = 111 char = d;code = 100 char = i;code = 105 char = a;code = 97 char = z;code = 122 char = e;code = 101 char = p;code = 112 char = a;code = 97 char = m;code = 109 char = ;code = 32 char = (;code = 40 char = 4;code = 52 char = C;code = 67 char = D;code = 68 char = );code = 41 char = .;code = 46 char = ;code = 32 char = C;code = 67 char = o;code = 111 char = g;code = 103 char = n;code = 110 char = i;code = 105 char = t;code = 116 char = i;code = 105 char = v;code = 118 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = f;code = 102 char = u;code = 117 char = n;code = 110 char = c;code = 99 char = t;code = 116 char = i;code = 105 char = o;code = 111 char = n;code = 110 char = ;code = 32 char = w;code = 119 char = a;code = 97 char = s;code = 115 char = ;code = 32 char = a;code = 97 char = s;code = 115 char = s;code = 115 char = e;code = 101 char = s;code = 115 char = s;code = 115 char = e;code = 101 char = d;code = 100 char = ;code = 32 char = u;code = 117 char = s;code = 115 char = i;code = 105 char = n;code = 110 char = g;code = 103 char = ;code = 32 char = s;code = 115 char = t;code = 116 char = e;code = 101 char = p;code = 112 char = -;code = 45 char = d;code = 100 char = o;code = 111 char = w;code = 119 char = n;code = 110 char = ;code = 32 char = l;code = 108 char = a;code = 97 char = t;code = 116 char = e;code = 101 char = n;code = 110 char = c;code = 99 char = y;code = 121 char = ;code = 32 char = (;code = 40 char = S;code = 83 char = D;code = 68 char = L;code = 76 char = );code = 41 char = ;code = 32 char = o;code = 111 char = n;code = 110 char = ;code = 32 char = a;code = 97 char = ;code = 32 char = p;code = 112 char = a;code = 97 char = s;code = 115 char = s;code = 115 char = i;code = 105 char = v;code = 118 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = a;code = 97 char = v;code = 118 char = o;code = 111 char = i;code = 105 char = d;code = 100 char = a;code = 97 char = n;code = 110 char = c;code = 99 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = a;code = 97 char = p;code = 112 char = p;code = 112 char = a;code = 97 char = r;code = 114 char = a;code = 97 char = t;code = 116 char = u;code = 117 char = s;code = 115 char = ,;code = 44 char = ;code = 32 char = t;code = 116 char = r;code = 114 char = a;code = 97 char = n;code = 110 char = s;code = 115 char = f;code = 102 char = e;code = 101 char = r;code = 114 char = ;code = 32 char = l;code = 108 char = a;code = 97 char = t;code = 116 char = e;code = 101 char = n;code = 110 char = c;code = 99 char = y;code = 121 char = ;code = 32 char = (;code = 40 char = T;code = 84 char = L;code = 76 char = );code = 41 char = ;code = 32 char = o;code = 111 char = n;code = 110 char = ;code = 32 char = a;code = 97 char = ;code = 32 char = p;code = 112 char = l;code = 108 char = u;code = 117 char = s;code = 115 char = ;code = 32 char = m;code = 109 char = a;code = 97 char = z;code = 122 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = a;code = 97 char = n;code = 110 char = d;code = 100 char = ;code = 32 char = s;code = 115 char = p;code = 112 char = a;code = 97 char = t;code = 116 char = i;code = 105 char = a;code = 97 char = l;code = 108 char = ;code = 32 char = n;code = 110 char = a;code = 97 char = v;code = 118 char = i;code = 105 char = g;code = 103 char = a;code = 97 char = t;code = 116 char = i;code = 105 char = o;code = 111 char = n;code = 110 char = ;code = 32 char = t;code = 116 char = e;code = 101 char = s;code = 115 char = t;code = 116 char = ;code = 32 char = o;code = 111 char = n;code = 110 char = ;code = 32 char = M;code = 77 char = o;code = 111 char = r;code = 114 char = r;code = 114 char = i;code = 105 char = s;code = 115 char = ;code = 32 char = w;code = 119 char = a;code = 97 char = t;code = 116 char = e;code = 101 char = r;code = 114 char = ;code = 32 char = m;code = 109 char = a;code = 97 char = z;code = 122 char = e;code = 101 char = .;code = 46 char = ;code = 32 char = O;code = 79 char = x;code = 120 char = i;code = 105 char = d;code = 100 char = a;code = 97 char = t;code = 116 char = i;code = 105 char = v;code = 118 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = s;code = 115 char = t;code = 116 char = r;code = 114 char = e;code = 101 char = s;code = 115 char = s;code = 115 char = ;code = 32 char = w;code = 119 char = a;code = 97 char = s;code = 115 char = ;code = 32 char = a;code = 97 char = s;code = 115 char = s;code = 115 char = e;code = 101 char = s;code = 115 char = s;code = 115 char = e;code = 101 char = d;code = 100 char = ;code = 32 char = b;code = 98 char = y;code = 121 char = ;code = 32 char = e;code = 101 char = x;code = 120 char = a;code = 97 char = m;code = 109 char = i;code = 105 char = n;code = 110 char = i;code = 105 char = n;code = 110 char = g;code = 103 char = ;code = 32 char = b;code = 98 char = r;code = 114 char = a;code = 97 char = i;code = 105 char = n;code = 110 char = ;code = 32 char = m;code = 109 char = a;code = 97 char = l;code = 108 char = o;code = 111 char = n;code = 110 char = d;code = 100 char = i;code = 105 char = a;code = 97 char = l;code = 108 char = d;code = 100 char = e;code = 101 char = h;code = 104 char = y;code = 121 char = d;code = 100 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = (;code = 40 char = M;code = 77 char = D;code = 68 char = A;code = 65 char = );code = 41 char = ;code = 32 char = a;code = 97 char = n;code = 110 char = d;code = 100 char = ;code = 32 char = r;code = 114 char = e;code = 101 char = d;code = 100 char = u;code = 117 char = c;code = 99 char = e;code = 101 char = d;code = 100 char = ;code = 32 char = g;code = 103 char = l;code = 108 char = u;code = 117 char = t;code = 116 char = a;code = 97 char = t;code = 116 char = h;code = 104 char = i;code = 105 char = o;code = 111 char = n;code = 110 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = (;code = 40 char = G;code = 71 char = S;code = 83 char = H;code = 72 char = );code = 41 char = ;code = 32 char = l;code = 108 char = e;code = 101 char = v;code = 118 char = e;code = 101 char = l;code = 108 char = s;code = 115 char = ;code = 32 char = a;code = 97 char = n;code = 110 char = d;code = 100 char = ;code = 32 char = c;code = 99 char = a;code = 97 char = t;code = 116 char = a;code = 97 char = l;code = 108 char = a;code = 97 char = s;code = 115 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = (;code = 40 char = C;code = 67 char = A;code = 65 char = T;code = 84 char = );code = 41 char = ;code = 32 char = a;code = 97 char = c;code = 99 char = t;code = 116 char = i;code = 105 char = v;code = 118 char = i;code = 105 char = t;code = 116 char = y;code = 121 char = .;code = 46 char = ;code = 32 char = A;code = 65 char = ;code = 32 char = s;code = 115 char = i;code = 105 char = g;code = 103 char = n;code = 110 char = i;code = 105 char = f;code = 102 char = i;code = 105 char = c;code = 99 char = a;code = 97 char = n;code = 110 char = t;code = 116 char = ;code = 32 char = r;code = 114 char = e;code = 101 char = d;code = 100 char = u;code = 117 char = c;code = 99 char = t;code = 116 char = i;code = 105 char = o;code = 111 char = n;code = 110 char = ;code = 32 char = i;code = 105 char = n;code = 110 char = ;code = 32 char = S;code = 83 char = D;code = 68 char = L;code = 76 char = ;code = 32 char = a;code = 97 char = n;code = 110 char = d;code = 100 char = ;code = 32 char = p;code = 112 char = r;code = 114 char = o;code = 111 char = l;code = 108 char = o;code = 111 char = n;code = 110 char = g;code = 103 char = a;code = 97 char = t;code = 116 char = i;code = 105 char = o;code = 111 char = n;code = 110 char = ;code = 32 char = o;code = 111 char = f;code = 102 char = ;code = 32 char = T;code = 84 char = L;code = 76 char = ;code = 32 char = a;code = 97 char = n;code = 110 char = d;code = 100 char = ;code = 32 char = s;code = 115 char = p;code = 112 char = a;code = 97 char = t;code = 116 char = i;code = 105 char = a;code = 97 char = l;code = 108 char = ;code = 32 char = n;code = 110 char = a;code = 97 char = v;code = 118 char = i;code = 105 char = g;code = 103 char = a;code = 97 char = t;code = 116 char = i;code = 105 char = o;code = 111 char = n;code = 110 char = ;code = 32 char = t;code = 116 char = e;code = 101 char = s;code = 115 char = t;code = 116 char = ;code = 32 char = w;code = 119 char = a;code = 97 char = s;code = 115 char = ;code = 32 char = f;code = 102 char = o;code = 111 char = u;code = 117 char = n;code = 110 char = d;code = 100 char = ;code = 32 char = f;code = 102 char = o;code = 111 char = r;code = 114 char = ;code = 32 char = t;code = 116 char = h;code = 104 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = p;code = 112 char = r;code = 114 char = o;code = 111 char = p;code = 112 char = o;code = 111 char = x;code = 120 char = u;code = 117 char = r;code = 114 char = ;code = 32 char = (;code = 40 char = 1;code = 49 char = 0;code = 48 char = ;code = 32 char = m;code = 109 char = g;code = 103 char = /;code = 47 char = k;code = 107 char = g;code = 103 char = /;code = 47 char = d;code = 100 char = ;;code = 59 char = ;code = 32 char = p;code = 112 char = .;code = 46 char = o;code = 111 char = .;code = 46 char = );code = 41 char = ;code = 32 char = t;code = 116 char = r;code = 114 char = e;code = 101 char = a;code = 97 char = t;code = 116 char = e;code = 101 char = d;code = 100 char = ;code = 32 char = g;code = 103 char = r;code = 114 char = o;code = 111 char = u;code = 117 char = p;code = 112 char = ;code = 32 char = a;code = 97 char = t;code = 116 char = ;code = 32 char = w;code = 119 char = e;code = 101 char = e;code = 101 char = k;code = 107 char = s;code = 115 char = ;code = 32 char = 6;code = 54 char = ;code = 32 char = a;code = 97 char = n;code = 110 char = d;code = 100 char = ;code = 32 char = 7;code = 55 char = ;code = 32 char = a;code = 97 char = s;code = 115 char = ;code = 32 char = c;code = 99 char = o;code = 111 char = m;code = 109 char = p;code = 112 char = a;code = 97 char = r;code = 114 char = e;code = 101 char = d;code = 100 char = ;code = 32 char = w;code = 119 char = i;code = 105 char = t;code = 116 char = h;code = 104 char = ;code = 32 char = c;code = 99 char = o;code = 111 char = n;code = 110 char = t;code = 116 char = r;code = 114 char = o;code = 111 char = l;code = 108 char = .;code = 46 char = ;code = 32 char = O;code = 79 char = n;code = 110 char = e;code = 101 char = -;code = 45 char = w;code = 119 char = e;code = 101 char = e;code = 101 char = k;code = 107 char = ;code = 32 char = t;code = 116 char = r;code = 114 char = e;code = 101 char = a;code = 97 char = t;code = 116 char = m;code = 109 char = e;code = 101 char = n;code = 110 char = t;code = 116 char = ;code = 32 char = w;code = 119 char = i;code = 105 char = t;code = 116 char = h;code = 104 char = ;code = 32 char = 4;code = 52 char = C;code = 67 char = D;code = 68 char = ;code = 32 char = (;code = 40 char = 0;code = 48 char = .;code = 46 char = 5;code = 53 char = ;code = 32 char = m;code = 109 char = g;code = 103 char = /;code = 47 char = k;code = 107 char = g;code = 103 char = /;code = 47 char = d;code = 100 char = ;;code = 59 char = ;code = 32 char = i;code = 105 char = .;code = 46 char = p;code = 112 char = .;code = 46 char = );code = 41 char = ;code = 32 char = a;code = 97 char = n;code = 110 char = t;code = 116 char = a;code = 97 char = g;code = 103 char = o;code = 111 char = n;code = 110 char = i;code = 105 char = z;code = 122 char = e;code = 101 char = d;code = 100 char = ;code = 32 char = t;code = 116 char = h;code = 104 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = e;code = 101 char = f;code = 102 char = f;code = 102 char = e;code = 101 char = c;code = 99 char = t;code = 116 char = ;code = 32 char = o;code = 111 char = f;code = 102 char = ;code = 32 char = p;code = 112 char = r;code = 114 char = o;code = 111 char = p;code = 112 char = o;code = 111 char = x;code = 120 char = u;code = 117 char = r;code = 114 char = ;code = 32 char = o;code = 111 char = n;code = 110 char = ;code = 32 char = S;code = 83 char = D;code = 68 char = L;code = 76 char = ,;code = 44 char = ;code = 32 char = s;code = 115 char = p;code = 112 char = a;code = 97 char = t;code = 116 char = i;code = 105 char = a;code = 97 char = l;code = 108 char = ;code = 32 char = n;code = 110 char = a;code = 97 char = v;code = 118 char = i;code = 105 char = g;code = 103 char = a;code = 97 char = t;code = 116 char = i;code = 105 char = o;code = 111 char = n;code = 110 char = ;code = 32 char = t;code = 116 char = e;code = 101 char = s;code = 115 char = t;code = 116 char = ;code = 32 char = a;code = 97 char = s;code = 115 char = ;code = 32 char = w;code = 119 char = e;code = 101 char = l;code = 108 char = l;code = 108 char = ;code = 32 char = a;code = 97 char = s;code = 115 char = ;code = 32 char = T;code = 84 char = L;code = 76 char = ;;code = 59 char = ;code = 32 char = w;code = 119 char = h;code = 104 char = e;code = 101 char = r;code = 114 char = e;code = 101 char = a;code = 97 char = s;code = 115 char = ,;code = 44 char = ;code = 32 char = P;code = 80 char = R;code = 82 char = O;code = 79 char = G;code = 71 char = ;code = 32 char = f;code = 102 char = a;code = 97 char = i;code = 105 char = l;code = 108 char = e;code = 101 char = d;code = 100 char = ;code = 32 char = t;code = 116 char = o;code = 111 char = ;code = 32 char = m;code = 109 char = o;code = 111 char = d;code = 100 char = u;code = 117 char = l;code = 108 char = a;code = 97 char = t;code = 116 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = t;code = 116 char = h;code = 104 char = i;code = 105 char = s;code = 115 char = ;code = 32 char = e;code = 101 char = f;code = 102 char = f;code = 102 char = e;code = 101 char = c;code = 99 char = t;code = 116 char = ;code = 32 char = a;code = 97 char = t;code = 116 char = ;code = 32 char = a;code = 97 char = ;code = 32 char = d;code = 100 char = o;code = 111 char = s;code = 115 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = o;code = 111 char = f;code = 102 char = ;code = 32 char = 1;code = 49 char = 5;code = 53 char = ;code = 32 char = m;code = 109 char = g;code = 103 char = /;code = 47 char = k;code = 107 char = g;code = 103 char = /;code = 47 char = d;code = 100 char = ,;code = 44 char = ;code = 32 char = i;code = 105 char = .;code = 46 char = p;code = 112 char = .;code = 46 char = ;code = 32 char = P;code = 80 char = r;code = 114 char = o;code = 111 char = p;code = 112 char = o;code = 111 char = x;code = 120 char = u;code = 117 char = r;code = 114 char = ;code = 32 char = p;code = 112 char = r;code = 114 char = o;code = 111 char = d;code = 100 char = u;code = 117 char = c;code = 99 char = e;code = 101 char = d;code = 100 char = ;code = 32 char = a;code = 97 char = ;code = 32 char = s;code = 115 char = t;code = 116 char = a;code = 97 char = t;code = 116 char = i;code = 105 char = s;code = 115 char = t;code = 116 char = i;code = 105 char = c;code = 99 char = a;code = 97 char = l;code = 108 char = l;code = 108 char = y;code = 121 char = ;code = 32 char = s;code = 115 char = i;code = 105 char = g;code = 103 char = n;code = 110 char = i;code = 105 char = f;code = 102 char = i;code = 105 char = c;code = 99 char = a;code = 97 char = n;code = 110 char = t;code = 116 char = ;code = 32 char = i;code = 105 char = n;code = 110 char = c;code = 99 char = r;code = 114 char = e;code = 101 char = a;code = 97 char = s;code = 115 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = i;code = 105 char = n;code = 110 char = ;code = 32 char = t;code = 116 char = h;code = 104 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = b;code = 98 char = r;code = 114 char = a;code = 97 char = i;code = 105 char = n;code = 110 char = ;code = 32 char = M;code = 77 char = D;code = 68 char = A;code = 65 char = ;code = 32 char = l;code = 108 char = e;code = 101 char = v;code = 118 char = e;code = 101 char = l;code = 108 char = s;code = 115 char = ;code = 32 char = a;code = 97 char = n;code = 110 char = d;code = 100 char = ;code = 32 char = d;code = 100 char = e;code = 101 char = c;code = 99 char = r;code = 114 char = e;code = 101 char = a;code = 97 char = s;code = 115 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = i;code = 105 char = n;code = 110 char = ;code = 32 char = t;code = 116 char = h;code = 104 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = b;code = 98 char = r;code = 114 char = a;code = 97 char = i;code = 105 char = n;code = 110 char = ;code = 32 char = G;code = 71 char = S;code = 83 char = H;code = 72 char = ;code = 32 char = l;code = 108 char = e;code = 101 char = v;code = 118 char = e;code = 101 char = l;code = 108 char = s;code = 115 char = ;code = 32 char = a;code = 97 char = n;code = 110 char = d;code = 100 char = ;code = 32 char = C;code = 67 char = A;code = 65 char = T;code = 84 char = ;code = 32 char = a;code = 97 char = c;code = 99 char = t;code = 116 char = i;code = 105 char = v;code = 118 char = i;code = 105 char = t;code = 116 char = y;code = 121 char = .;code = 46 char = ;code = 32 char = T;code = 84 char = r;code = 114 char = e;code = 101 char = a;code = 97 char = t;code = 116 char = m;code = 109 char = e;code = 101 char = n;code = 110 char = t;code = 116 char = ;code = 32 char = w;code = 119 char = i;code = 105 char = t;code = 116 char = h;code = 104 char = ;code = 32 char = 4;code = 52 char = C;code = 67 char = D;code = 68 char = ;code = 32 char = a;code = 97 char = t;code = 116 char = ;code = 32 char = t;code = 116 char = h;code = 104 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = a;code = 97 char = b;code = 98 char = o;code = 111 char = v;code = 118 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = d;code = 100 char = o;code = 111 char = s;code = 115 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = a;code = 97 char = t;code = 116 char = t;code = 116 char = e;code = 101 char = n;code = 110 char = u;code = 117 char = a;code = 97 char = t;code = 116 char = e;code = 101 char = d;code = 100 char = ;code = 32 char = t;code = 116 char = h;code = 104 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = e;code = 101 char = f;code = 102 char = f;code = 102 char = e;code = 101 char = c;code = 99 char = t;code = 116 char = ;code = 32 char = o;code = 111 char = f;code = 102 char = ;code = 32 char = p;code = 112 char = r;code = 114 char = o;code = 111 char = p;code = 112 char = o;code = 111 char = x;code = 120 char = u;code = 117 char = r;code = 114 char = ;code = 32 char = o;code = 111 char = n;code = 110 char = ;code = 32 char = o;code = 111 char = x;code = 120 char = i;code = 105 char = d;code = 100 char = a;code = 97 char = t;code = 116 char = i;code = 105 char = v;code = 118 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = s;code = 115 char = t;code = 116 char = r;code = 114 char = e;code = 101 char = s;code = 115 char = s;code = 115 char = ;code = 32 char = w;code = 119 char = h;code = 104 char = e;code = 101 char = r;code = 114 char = e;code = 101 char = a;code = 97 char = s;code = 115 char = ;code = 32 char = P;code = 80 char = R;code = 82 char = O;code = 79 char = G;code = 71 char = ;code = 32 char = (;code = 40 char = 1;code = 49 char = 5;code = 53 char = ;code = 32 char = m;code = 109 char = g;code = 103 char = /;code = 47 char = k;code = 107 char = g;code = 103 char = /;code = 47 char = d;code = 100 char = ;;code = 59 char = ;code = 32 char = i;code = 105 char = .;code = 46 char = p;code = 112 char = .;code = 46 char = );code = 41 char = ;code = 32 char = f;code = 102 char = a;code = 97 char = i;code = 105 char = l;code = 108 char = e;code = 101 char = d;code = 100 char = ;code = 32 char = t;code = 116 char = o;code = 111 char = ;code = 32 char = i;code = 105 char = n;code = 110 char = f;code = 102 char = l;code = 108 char = u;code = 117 char = e;code = 101 char = n;code = 110 char = c;code = 99 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = t;code = 116 char = h;code = 104 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = s;code = 115 char = a;code = 97 char = m;code = 109 char = e;code = 101 char = .;code = 46 char = ;code = 32 char = T;code = 84 char = h;code = 104 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = r;code = 114 char = e;code = 101 char = s;code = 115 char = u;code = 117 char = l;code = 108 char = t;code = 116 char = s;code = 115 char = ;code = 32 char = o;code = 111 char = f;code = 102 char = ;code = 32 char = t;code = 116 char = h;code = 104 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = p;code = 112 char = r;code = 114 char = e;code = 101 char = s;code = 115 char = e;code = 101 char = n;code = 110 char = t;code = 116 char = ;code = 32 char = s;code = 115 char = t;code = 116 char = u;code = 117 char = d;code = 100 char = y;code = 121 char = ;code = 32 char = t;code = 116 char = h;code = 104 char = u;code = 117 char = s;code = 115 char = ;code = 32 char = s;code = 115 char = h;code = 104 char = o;code = 111 char = w;code = 119 char = ;code = 32 char = t;code = 116 char = h;code = 104 char = a;code = 97 char = t;code = 116 char = ;code = 32 char = 4;code = 52 char = -;code = 45 char = C;code = 67 char = D;code = 68 char = ;code = 32 char = h;code = 104 char = a;code = 97 char = s;code = 115 char = ;code = 32 char = t;code = 116 char = h;code = 104 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = p;code = 112 char = o;code = 111 char = t;code = 116 char = e;code = 101 char = n;code = 110 char = t;code = 116 char = i;code = 105 char = a;code = 97 char = l;code = 108 char = ;code = 32 char = t;code = 116 char = o;code = 111 char = ;code = 32 char = a;code = 97 char = t;code = 116 char = t;code = 116 char = e;code = 101 char = n;code = 110 char = u;code = 117 char = a;code = 97 char = t;code = 116 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = c;code = 99 char = o;code = 111 char = g;code = 103 char = n;code = 110 char = i;code = 105 char = t;code = 116 char = i;code = 105 char = v;code = 118 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = d;code = 100 char = y;code = 121 char = s;code = 115 char = f;code = 102 char = u;code = 117 char = n;code = 110 char = c;code = 99 char = t;code = 116 char = i;code = 105 char = o;code = 111 char = n;code = 110 char = ;code = 32 char = a;code = 97 char = n;code = 110 char = d;code = 100 char = ;code = 32 char = o;code = 111 char = x;code = 120 char = i;code = 105 char = d;code = 100 char = a;code = 97 char = t;code = 116 char = i;code = 105 char = v;code = 118 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = s;code = 115 char = t;code = 116 char = r;code = 114 char = e;code = 101 char = s;code = 115 char = s;code = 115 char = ;code = 32 char = i;code = 105 char = n;code = 110 char = d;code = 100 char = u;code = 117 char = c;code = 99 char = e;code = 101 char = d;code = 100 char = ;code = 32 char = b;code = 98 char = y;code = 121 char = ;code = 32 char = t;code = 116 char = o;code = 111 char = x;code = 120 char = i;code = 105 char = c;code = 99 char = a;code = 97 char = n;code = 110 char = t;code = 116 char = s;code = 115 char = ;code = 32 char = l;code = 108 char = i;code = 105 char = k;code = 107 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = p;code = 112 char = r;code = 114 char = o;code = 111 char = p;code = 112 char = o;code = 111 char = x;code = 120 char = u;code = 117 char = r;code = 114 char = ;code = 32 char = i;code = 105 char = n;code = 110 char = ;code = 32 char = t;code = 116 char = h;code = 104 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = b;code = 98 char = r;code = 114 char = a;code = 97 char = i;code = 105 char = n;code = 110 char = .;code = 46 char = <;code = 60 char = b;code = 98 char = r;code = 114 char = /;code = 47 char = >;code = 62 result sql = Carbamate pesticides like propoxur have been shown to adversely affect memory and induce oxidative stress on both acute and chronic exposure. The present study was designed to explore the modulation of the effects of propoxur over cognitive function by progesterone (PROG) and 4'-chlorodiazepam (4CD). Cognitive function was assessed using step-down latency (SDL) on a passive avoidance apparatus, transfer latency (TL) on a plus maze and spatial navigation test on Morris water maze. Oxidative stress was assessed by examining brain malondialdehyde (MDA) and reduced glutathione (GSH) levels and catalase (CAT) activity. A significant reduction in SDL and prolongation of TL and spatial navigation test was found for the propoxur (10 mg/kg/d; p.o.) treated group at weeks 6 and 7 as compared with control. One-week treatment with 4CD (0.5 mg/kg/d; i.p.) antagonized the effect of propoxur on SDL, spatial navigation test as well as TL; whereas, PROG failed to modulate this effect at a dose of 15 mg/kg/d, i.p. Propoxur produced a statistically significant increase in the brain MDA levels and decrease in the brain GSH levels and CAT activity. Treatment with 4CD at the above dose attenuated the effect of propoxur on oxidative stress whereas PROG (15 mg/kg/d; i.p.) failed to influence the same. The results of the present study thus show that 4-CD has the potential to attenuate cognitive dysfunction and oxidative stress induced by toxicants like propoxur in the brain.
Publication: Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch. Pharmacol. 2010 Jan ;381(1)::1-10. :doi: 10.1007/s00210-009-0475-z.
Publication Date: 2010 Jan
Study Author(s): Mehta, Kapil Dev;Garg, Gobind Rai;Mehta, Ashish K;Arora, Tarun;Sharma, Amit K;Khanna, Naresh;Tripathi, Ashok K;Sharma, Krishna K;
Institution: Department of Pharmacology, University College of Medical Sciences, University of Delhi, Delhi, 110095, India.
Shortcut link to this study:
Carbamate pesticides like propoxur have been shown to adversely affect memory and induce oxidative stress on both acute and chronic exposure. The present study was designed to explore the modulation of the effects of propoxur over cognitive function by progesterone (PROG) and 4'-chlorodiazepam (4CD). Cognitive function was assessed using step-down latency (SDL) on a passive avoidance apparatus, transfer latency (TL) on a plus maze and spatial navigation test on Morris water maze. Oxidative stress was assessed by examining brain malondialdehyde (MDA) and reduced glutathione (GSH) levels and catalase (CAT) activity. A significant reduction in SDL and prolongation of TL and spatial navigation test was found for the propoxur (10 mg/kg/d; p.o.) treated group at weeks 6 and 7 as compared with control. One-week treatment with 4CD (0.5 mg/kg/d; i.p.) antagonized the effect of propoxur on SDL, spatial navigation test as well as TL; whereas, PROG failed to modulate this effect at a dose of 15 mg/kg/d, i.p. Propoxur produced a statistically significant increase in the brain MDA levels and decrease in the brain GSH levels and CAT activity. Treatment with 4CD at the above dose attenuated the effect of propoxur on oxidative stress whereas PROG (15 mg/kg/d; i.p.) failed to influence the same. The results of the present study thus show that 4-CD has the potential to attenuate cognitive dysfunction and oxidative stress induced by toxicants like propoxur in the brain.
PMID: 20012268