|
|
char = C;code = 67
char = a;code = 97
char = f;code = 102
char = f;code = 102
char = e;code = 101
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = p;code = 112
char = r;code = 114
char = o;code = 111
char = t;code = 116
char = e;code = 101
char = c;code = 99
char = t;code = 116
char = s;code = 115
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = g;code = 103
char = a;code = 97
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = s;code = 115
char = t;code = 116
char = ;code = 32
char = c;code = 99
char = o;code = 111
char = m;code = 109
char = b;code = 98
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = e;code = 101
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = p;code = 112
char = a;code = 97
char = r;code = 114
char = a;code = 97
char = q;code = 113
char = u;code = 117
char = a;code = 97
char = t;code = 116
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = n;code = 110
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = m;code = 109
char = a;code = 97
char = n;code = 110
char = e;code = 101
char = b;code = 98
char = -;code = 45
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = d;code = 100
char = u;code = 117
char = c;code = 99
char = e;code = 101
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = d;code = 100
char = o;code = 111
char = p;code = 112
char = a;code = 97
char = m;code = 109
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = e;code = 101
char = r;code = 114
char = g;code = 103
char = i;code = 105
char = c;code = 99
char = ;code = 32
char = n;code = 110
char = e;code = 101
char = u;code = 117
char = r;code = 114
char = o;code = 111
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
char = d;code = 100
char = e;code = 101
char = g;code = 103
char = e;code = 101
char = n;code = 110
char = e;code = 101
char = r;code = 114
char = a;code = 97
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = o;code = 111
char = n;code = 110
char = .;code = 46
result sql = Caffeine protects against combined paraquat and maneb-induced dopaminergic neuron degeneration.
Caffeine protects against combined paraquat and maneb-induced dopaminergic neuron degeneration.char = E;code = 69
char = n;code = 110
char = v;code = 118
char = i;code = 105
char = r;code = 114
char = o;code = 111
char = n;code = 110
char = m;code = 109
char = e;code = 101
char = n;code = 110
char = t;code = 116
char = a;code = 97
char = l;code = 108
char = ;code = 32
char = e;code = 101
char = x;code = 120
char = p;code = 112
char = o;code = 111
char = s;code = 115
char = u;code = 117
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = s;code = 115
char = ;code = 32
char = s;code = 115
char = u;code = 117
char = s;code = 115
char = p;code = 112
char = e;code = 101
char = c;code = 99
char = t;code = 116
char = e;code = 101
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = o;code = 111
char = f;code = 102
char = ;code = 32
char = c;code = 99
char = o;code = 111
char = n;code = 110
char = t;code = 116
char = r;code = 114
char = i;code = 105
char = b;code = 98
char = u;code = 117
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = g;code = 103
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = o;code = 111
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = p;code = 112
char = a;code = 97
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = o;code = 111
char = p;code = 112
char = h;code = 104
char = y;code = 121
char = s;code = 115
char = i;code = 105
char = o;code = 111
char = l;code = 108
char = o;code = 111
char = g;code = 103
char = y;code = 121
char = ;code = 32
char = o;code = 111
char = f;code = 102
char = ;code = 32
char = P;code = 80
char = a;code = 97
char = r;code = 114
char = k;code = 107
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char = o;code = 111
char = n;code = 110
char = ';code = 39
char = s;code = 115
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char = d;code = 100
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char = s;code = 115
char = e;code = 101
char = a;code = 97
char = s;code = 115
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = (;code = 40
char = P;code = 80
char = D;code = 68
char = );code = 41
char = ;code = 32
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = c;code = 99
char = l;code = 108
char = u;code = 117
char = d;code = 100
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = p;code = 112
char = o;code = 111
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char = e;code = 101
char = n;code = 110
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = a;code = 97
char = l;code = 108
char = l;code = 108
char = y;code = 121
char = ;code = 32
char = n;code = 110
char = e;code = 101
char = u;code = 117
char = r;code = 114
char = o;code = 111
char = t;code = 116
char = o;code = 111
char = x;code = 120
char = i;code = 105
char = c;code = 99
char = ;code = 32
char = p;code = 112
char = e;code = 101
char = s;code = 115
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = c;code = 99
char = i;code = 105
char = d;code = 100
char = e;code = 101
char = s;code = 115
char = ,;code = 44
char = ;code = 32
char = w;code = 119
char = h;code = 104
char = i;code = 105
char = c;code = 99
char = h;code = 104
char = ;code = 32
char = h;code = 104
char = a;code = 97
char = v;code = 118
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = b;code = 98
char = e;code = 101
char = e;code = 101
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
char = l;code = 108
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = k;code = 107
char = e;code = 101
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = o;code = 111
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = c;code = 99
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = a;code = 97
char = s;code = 115
char = e;code = 101
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = r;code = 114
char = i;code = 105
char = s;code = 115
char = k;code = 107
char = ;code = 32
char = o;code = 111
char = f;code = 102
char = ;code = 32
char = P;code = 80
char = D;code = 68
char = .;code = 46
char = ;code = 32
char = C;code = 67
char = o;code = 111
char = n;code = 110
char = v;code = 118
char = e;code = 101
char = r;code = 114
char = s;code = 115
char = e;code = 101
char = l;code = 108
char = y;code = 121
char = ,;code = 44
char = ;code = 32
char = p;code = 112
char = o;code = 111
char = s;code = 115
char = s;code = 115
char = i;code = 105
char = b;code = 98
char = l;code = 108
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = p;code = 112
char = r;code = 114
char = o;code = 111
char = t;code = 116
char = e;code = 101
char = c;code = 99
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = v;code = 118
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = f;code = 102
char = a;code = 97
char = c;code = 99
char = t;code = 116
char = o;code = 111
char = r;code = 114
char = s;code = 115
char = ;code = 32
char = s;code = 115
char = u;code = 117
char = c;code = 99
char = h;code = 104
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = s;code = 115
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = d;code = 100
char = e;code = 101
char = n;code = 110
char = o;code = 111
char = s;code = 115
char = i;code = 105
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char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = n;code = 110
char = t;code = 116
char = a;code = 97
char = g;code = 103
char = o;code = 111
char = n;code = 110
char = i;code = 105
char = s;code = 115
char = t;code = 116
char = ;code = 32
char = c;code = 99
char = a;code = 97
char = f;code = 102
char = f;code = 102
char = e;code = 101
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = h;code = 104
char = a;code = 97
char = v;code = 118
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = b;code = 98
char = e;code = 101
char = e;code = 101
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
char = l;code = 108
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = k;code = 107
char = e;code = 101
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = o;code = 111
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = ;code = 32
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = d;code = 100
char = u;code = 117
char = c;code = 99
char = e;code = 101
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = r;code = 114
char = i;code = 105
char = s;code = 115
char = k;code = 107
char = ;code = 32
char = o;code = 111
char = f;code = 102
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = d;code = 100
char = i;code = 105
char = s;code = 115
char = e;code = 101
char = a;code = 97
char = s;code = 115
char = e;code = 101
char = .;code = 46
char = ;code = 32
char = H;code = 72
char = e;code = 101
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = w;code = 119
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = s;code = 115
char = s;code = 115
char = e;code = 101
char = s;code = 115
char = s;code = 115
char = e;code = 101
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = w;code = 119
char = h;code = 104
char = e;code = 101
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = e;code = 101
char = r;code = 114
char = ;code = 32
char = c;code = 99
char = a;code = 97
char = f;code = 102
char = f;code = 102
char = e;code = 101
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = l;code = 108
char = t;code = 116
char = e;code = 101
char = r;code = 114
char = s;code = 115
char = ;code = 32
char = d;code = 100
char = o;code = 111
char = p;code = 112
char = a;code = 97
char = m;code = 109
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = e;code = 101
char = r;code = 114
char = g;code = 103
char = i;code = 105
char = c;code = 99
char = ;code = 32
char = n;code = 110
char = e;code = 101
char = u;code = 117
char = r;code = 114
char = o;code = 111
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
char = l;code = 108
char = o;code = 111
char = s;code = 115
char = s;code = 115
char = ;code = 32
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = d;code = 100
char = u;code = 117
char = c;code = 99
char = e;code = 101
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = b;code = 98
char = y;code = 121
char = ;code = 32
char = e;code = 101
char = x;code = 120
char = p;code = 112
char = o;code = 111
char = s;code = 115
char = u;code = 117
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = o;code = 111
char = ;code = 32
char = e;code = 101
char = n;code = 110
char = v;code = 118
char = i;code = 105
char = r;code = 114
char = o;code = 111
char = n;code = 110
char = m;code = 109
char = e;code = 101
char = n;code = 110
char = t;code = 116
char = a;code = 97
char = l;code = 108
char = l;code = 108
char = y;code = 121
char = ;code = 32
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = l;code = 108
char = e;code = 101
char = v;code = 118
char = a;code = 97
char = n;code = 110
char = t;code = 116
char = ;code = 32
char = p;code = 112
char = e;code = 101
char = s;code = 115
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = c;code = 99
char = i;code = 105
char = d;code = 100
char = e;code = 101
char = s;code = 115
char = ;code = 32
char = (;code = 40
char = p;code = 112
char = a;code = 97
char = r;code = 114
char = a;code = 97
char = q;code = 113
char = u;code = 117
char = a;code = 97
char = t;code = 116
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = n;code = 110
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = m;code = 109
char = a;code = 97
char = n;code = 110
char = e;code = 101
char = b;code = 98
char = );code = 41
char = ;code = 32
char = o;code = 111
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char = e;code = 101
char = r;code = 114
char = ;code = 32
char = 8;code = 56
char = w;code = 119
char = e;code = 101
char = e;code = 101
char = k;code = 107
char = s;code = 115
char = .;code = 46
char = ;code = 32
char = T;code = 84
char = h;code = 104
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = n;code = 110
char = u;code = 117
char = m;code = 109
char = b;code = 98
char = e;code = 101
char = r;code = 114
char = ;code = 32
char = o;code = 111
char = f;code = 102
char = ;code = 32
char = n;code = 110
char = i;code = 105
char = g;code = 103
char = r;code = 114
char = a;code = 97
char = l;code = 108
char = ;code = 32
char = n;code = 110
char = e;code = 101
char = u;code = 117
char = r;code = 114
char = o;code = 111
char = n;code = 110
char = s;code = 115
char = ;code = 32
char = p;code = 112
char = o;code = 111
char = s;code = 115
char = i;code = 105
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = v;code = 118
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = f;code = 102
char = o;code = 111
char = r;code = 114
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = y;code = 121
char = r;code = 114
char = o;code = 111
char = s;code = 115
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = h;code = 104
char = y;code = 121
char = d;code = 100
char = r;code = 114
char = o;code = 111
char = x;code = 120
char = y;code = 121
char = l;code = 108
char = a;code = 97
char = s;code = 115
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = i;code = 105
char = m;code = 109
char = m;code = 109
char = u;code = 117
char = n;code = 110
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char = e;code = 101
char = a;code = 97
char = c;code = 99
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
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char = i;code = 105
char = t;code = 116
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char = T;code = 84
char = H;code = 72
char = +;code = 43
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char = ;code = 32
char = w;code = 119
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char = a;code = 97
char = s;code = 115
char = s;code = 115
char = e;code = 101
char = s;code = 115
char = s;code = 115
char = e;code = 101
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = u;code = 117
char = s;code = 115
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = g;code = 103
char = ;code = 32
char = s;code = 115
char = t;code = 116
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char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
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char = o;code = 111
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char = i;code = 105
char = c;code = 99
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char = s;code = 115
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char = a;code = 97
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char = ;code = 32
char = f;code = 102
char = o;code = 111
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char = b;code = 98
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char = l;code = 108
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char = c;code = 99
char = e;code = 101
char = d;code = 100
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char = 6;code = 54
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char = ;code = 32
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char = ;code = 32
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char = r;code = 114
char = o;code = 111
char = l;code = 108
char = );code = 41
char = ;code = 32
char = b;code = 98
char = y;code = 121
char = ;code = 32
char = c;code = 99
char = o;code = 111
char = m;code = 109
char = b;code = 98
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char = d;code = 100
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char = i;code = 105
char = c;code = 99
char = i;code = 105
char = d;code = 100
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char = t;code = 116
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char = e;code = 101
char = a;code = 97
char = t;code = 116
char = m;code = 109
char = e;code = 101
char = n;code = 110
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char = .;code = 46
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char = C;code = 67
char = a;code = 97
char = f;code = 102
char = f;code = 102
char = e;code = 101
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = t;code = 116
char = ;code = 32
char = 2;code = 50
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char = m;code = 109
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char = g;code = 103
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char = g;code = 103
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char = i;code = 105
char = f;code = 102
char = i;code = 105
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char = y;code = 121
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char = r;code = 114
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char = u;code = 117
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char = s;code = 115
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char = 8;code = 56
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char = %;code = 37
char = ;code = 32
char = o;code = 111
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char = h;code = 104
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char = r;code = 114
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char = s;code = 115
char = p;code = 112
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char = c;code = 99
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char = r;code = 114
char = o;code = 111
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char = );code = 41
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char = T;code = 84
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result sql = Environmental exposures suspected of contributing to the pathophysiology of Parkinson's disease (PD) include potentially neurotoxic pesticides, which have been linked to an increased risk of PD. Conversely, possible protective factors such as the adenosine antagonist caffeine have been linked to a reduced risk of the disease. Here we assessed whether caffeine alters dopaminergic neuron loss induced by exposure to environmentally relevant pesticides (paraquat and maneb) over 8weeks. The number of nigral neurons positive for tyrosine hydroxylase immunoreactivity (TH+) was assessed using stereological methods and found to be significantly reduced (to 60% of control) by combined pesticide treatment. Caffeine at 20mg/kg significantly reduced TH+ neuron loss (to 85% of the respective control). The results demonstrate the neuroprotective potential of caffeine in a chronic pesticide exposure model of model of PD.
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result sql = Caffeine protects against combined paraquat and maneb-induced dopaminergic neuron degeneration.
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result sql = Environmental exposures suspected of contributing to the pathophysiology of Parkinson's disease (PD) include potentially neurotoxic pesticides, which have been linked to an increased risk of PD. Conversely, possible protective factors such as the adenosine antagonist caffeine have been linked to a reduced risk of the disease. Here we assessed whether caffeine alters dopaminergic neuron loss induced by exposure to environmentally relevant pesticides (paraquat and maneb) over 8weeks. The number of nigral neurons positive for tyrosine hydroxylase immunoreactivity (TH+) was assessed using stereological methods and found to be significantly reduced (to 60% of control) by combined pesticide treatment. Caffeine at 20mg/kg significantly reduced TH+ neuron loss (to 85% of the respective control). The results demonstrate the neuroprotective potential of caffeine in a chronic pesticide exposure model of model of PD.
Publication: Exp. Neurol. 2010 Jun ;223(2)::657-61. :doi: 10.1016/j.expneurol.2010.02.007.
Publication Date: 2010 Jun
Study Author(s): Kachroo, Anil;Irizarry, Michael C;Schwarzschild, Michael A;
Institution: MassGeneral Institute for Neurodegenerative Disease, Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02129, USA.
Shortcut link to this study:
Publication Date: 2010 Jun
Study Author(s): Kachroo, Anil;Irizarry, Michael C;Schwarzschild, Michael A;
Institution: MassGeneral Institute for Neurodegenerative Disease, Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02129, USA.
Shortcut link to this study:
Environmental exposures suspected of contributing to the pathophysiology of Parkinson's disease (PD) include potentially neurotoxic pesticides, which have been linked to an increased risk of PD. Conversely, possible protective factors such as the adenosine antagonist caffeine have been linked to a reduced risk of the disease. Here we assessed whether caffeine alters dopaminergic neuron loss induced by exposure to environmentally relevant pesticides (paraquat and maneb) over 8weeks. The number of nigral neurons positive for tyrosine hydroxylase immunoreactivity (TH+) was assessed using stereological methods and found to be significantly reduced (to 60% of control) by combined pesticide treatment. Caffeine at 20mg/kg significantly reduced TH+ neuron loss (to 85% of the respective control). The results demonstrate the neuroprotective potential of caffeine in a chronic pesticide exposure model of model of PD.
PMID: 20188092
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