|
|
char = T;code = 84
char = h;code = 104
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char = z;code = 122
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char = .;code = 46
result sql = The expression of HMGA1a is increased in lymphoblastoid cell lines from schizophrenia patients.
The expression of HMGA1a is increased in lymphoblastoid cell lines from schizophrenia patients.char = T;code = 84
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char = e;code = 101
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char = i;code = 105
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char = i;code = 105
char = t;code = 116
char = y;code = 121
char = ;code = 32
char = g;code = 103
char = r;code = 114
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char = u;code = 117
char = p;code = 112
char = ;code = 32
char = A;code = 65
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char = e;code = 101
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char = a;code = 97
char = ;code = 32
char = (;code = 40
char = H;code = 72
char = M;code = 77
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char = d;code = 100
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char = l;code = 108
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char = t;code = 116
char = o;code = 111
char = r;code = 114
char = .;code = 46
char = ;code = 32
char = R;code = 82
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char = c;code = 99
char = e;code = 101
char = n;code = 110
char = t;code = 116
char = l;code = 108
char = y;code = 121
char = ,;code = 44
char = ;code = 32
char = H;code = 72
char = M;code = 77
char = G;code = 71
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char = 1;code = 49
char = a;code = 97
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char = p;code = 112
char = r;code = 114
char = o;code = 111
char = t;code = 116
char = e;code = 101
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
char = h;code = 104
char = a;code = 97
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char = b;code = 98
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char = h;code = 104
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char = o;code = 111
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char = a;code = 97
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char = c;code = 99
char = i;code = 105
char = b;code = 98
char = l;code = 108
char = e;code = 101
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char = R;code = 82
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char = A;code = 65
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char = s;code = 115
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char = (;code = 40
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char = e;code = 101
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char = m;code = 109
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char = ;code = 32
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char = a;code = 97
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char = i;code = 105
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char = A;code = 65
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char = ';code = 39
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char = e;code = 101
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char = e;code = 101
char = .;code = 46
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char = I;code = 73
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char = s;code = 115
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char = o;code = 111
char = b;code = 98
char = s;code = 115
char = e;code = 101
char = r;code = 114
char = v;code = 118
char = e;code = 101
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = i;code = 105
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char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
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char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = b;code = 98
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char = M;code = 77
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result sql = The high-mobility group A protein 1a (HMGA1a) is a well-documented DNA-binding protein acting as an architectural transcription regulator. Recently, HMGA1a protein has been identified as a hypoxia-inducible RNA-binding trans-acting factor for aberrant splicing of presenilin-2 (PS2) pre-mRNA observed in the brains of sporadic Alzheimer's disease. Interestingly, this aberrant splicing of PS2 was also observed in the brains of bipolar disorder and schizophrenia. Many downstream genes under the control of HMGA1a could be associated with schizophrenia. On the other hand, many gene transcripts are aberrantly spliced in schizophrenia. Therefore, we examined the expression at the mRNA and protein levels of this DNA- and RNA-binding factor HMGA1a in the lymphoblastoid cell lines obtained from 16 schizophrenia patients with age-matched controls. We observed markedly higher HMGA1a mRNA and the increased HMGA1a protein in the nuclear fractions of schizophrenia patients. In contrast, there were no significant differences in the expression levels of HMGA1b, which is an alternatively spliced isoform of HMGA1a. The present study is the first to report a significant upregulation of HMGA1a in schizophrenia, suggesting its potential roles in both transcription and splicing of target genes linked with schizophrenia.
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result sql = The expression of HMGA1a is increased in lymphoblastoid cell lines from schizophrenia patients.
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char = v;code = 118
char = e;code = 101
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = b;code = 98
char = r;code = 114
char = a;code = 97
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = s;code = 115
char = ;code = 32
char = o;code = 111
char = f;code = 102
char = ;code = 32
char = s;code = 115
char = p;code = 112
char = o;code = 111
char = r;code = 114
char = a;code = 97
char = d;code = 100
char = i;code = 105
char = c;code = 99
char = ;code = 32
char = A;code = 65
char = l;code = 108
char = z;code = 122
char = h;code = 104
char = e;code = 101
char = i;code = 105
char = m;code = 109
char = e;code = 101
char = r;code = 114
char = ';code = 39
char = s;code = 115
char = ;code = 32
char = d;code = 100
char = i;code = 105
char = s;code = 115
char = e;code = 101
char = a;code = 97
char = s;code = 115
char = e;code = 101
char = .;code = 46
char = ;code = 32
char = I;code = 73
char = n;code = 110
char = t;code = 116
char = e;code = 101
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = s;code = 115
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = g;code = 103
char = l;code = 108
char = y;code = 121
char = ,;code = 44
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = i;code = 105
char = s;code = 115
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = b;code = 98
char = e;code = 101
char = r;code = 114
char = r;code = 114
char = a;code = 97
char = n;code = 110
char = t;code = 116
char = ;code = 32
char = s;code = 115
char = p;code = 112
char = l;code = 108
char = i;code = 105
char = c;code = 99
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = g;code = 103
char = ;code = 32
char = o;code = 111
char = f;code = 102
char = ;code = 32
char = P;code = 80
char = S;code = 83
char = 2;code = 50
char = ;code = 32
char = w;code = 119
char = a;code = 97
char = s;code = 115
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = l;code = 108
char = s;code = 115
char = o;code = 111
char = ;code = 32
char = o;code = 111
char = b;code = 98
char = s;code = 115
char = e;code = 101
char = r;code = 114
char = v;code = 118
char = e;code = 101
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = b;code = 98
char = r;code = 114
char = a;code = 97
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = s;code = 115
char = ;code = 32
char = o;code = 111
char = f;code = 102
char = ;code = 32
char = b;code = 98
char = i;code = 105
char = p;code = 112
char = o;code = 111
char = l;code = 108
char = a;code = 97
char = r;code = 114
char = ;code = 32
char = d;code = 100
char = i;code = 105
char = s;code = 115
char = o;code = 111
char = r;code = 114
char = d;code = 100
char = e;code = 101
char = r;code = 114
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = n;code = 110
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = s;code = 115
char = c;code = 99
char = h;code = 104
char = i;code = 105
char = z;code = 122
char = o;code = 111
char = p;code = 112
char = h;code = 104
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = n;code = 110
char = i;code = 105
char = a;code = 97
char = .;code = 46
char = ;code = 32
char = M;code = 77
char = a;code = 97
char = n;code = 110
char = y;code = 121
char = ;code = 32
char = d;code = 100
char = o;code = 111
char = w;code = 119
char = n;code = 110
char = s;code = 115
char = t;code = 116
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = a;code = 97
char = m;code = 109
char = ;code = 32
char = g;code = 103
char = e;code = 101
char = n;code = 110
char = e;code = 101
char = s;code = 115
char = ;code = 32
char = u;code = 117
char = n;code = 110
char = d;code = 100
char = e;code = 101
char = r;code = 114
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = c;code = 99
char = o;code = 111
char = n;code = 110
char = t;code = 116
char = r;code = 114
char = o;code = 111
char = l;code = 108
char = ;code = 32
char = o;code = 111
char = f;code = 102
char = ;code = 32
char = H;code = 72
char = M;code = 77
char = G;code = 71
char = A;code = 65
char = 1;code = 49
char = a;code = 97
char = ;code = 32
char = c;code = 99
char = o;code = 111
char = u;code = 117
char = l;code = 108
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = b;code = 98
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = s;code = 115
char = s;code = 115
char = o;code = 111
char = c;code = 99
char = i;code = 105
char = a;code = 97
char = t;code = 116
char = e;code = 101
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = w;code = 119
char = i;code = 105
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = ;code = 32
char = s;code = 115
char = c;code = 99
char = h;code = 104
char = i;code = 105
char = z;code = 122
char = o;code = 111
char = p;code = 112
char = h;code = 104
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = n;code = 110
char = i;code = 105
char = a;code = 97
char = .;code = 46
char = ;code = 32
char = O;code = 79
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = o;code = 111
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = e;code = 101
char = r;code = 114
char = ;code = 32
char = h;code = 104
char = a;code = 97
char = n;code = 110
char = d;code = 100
char = ,;code = 44
char = ;code = 32
char = m;code = 109
char = a;code = 97
char = n;code = 110
char = y;code = 121
char = ;code = 32
char = g;code = 103
char = e;code = 101
char = n;code = 110
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = r;code = 114
char = a;code = 97
char = n;code = 110
char = s;code = 115
char = c;code = 99
char = r;code = 114
char = i;code = 105
char = p;code = 112
char = t;code = 116
char = s;code = 115
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = b;code = 98
char = e;code = 101
char = r;code = 114
char = r;code = 114
char = a;code = 97
char = n;code = 110
char = t;code = 116
char = l;code = 108
char = y;code = 121
char = ;code = 32
char = s;code = 115
char = p;code = 112
char = l;code = 108
char = i;code = 105
char = c;code = 99
char = e;code = 101
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
char = s;code = 115
char = c;code = 99
char = h;code = 104
char = i;code = 105
char = z;code = 122
char = o;code = 111
char = p;code = 112
char = h;code = 104
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = n;code = 110
char = i;code = 105
char = a;code = 97
char = .;code = 46
char = ;code = 32
char = T;code = 84
char = h;code = 104
char = e;code = 101
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = f;code = 102
char = o;code = 111
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = ,;code = 44
char = ;code = 32
char = w;code = 119
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = e;code = 101
char = x;code = 120
char = a;code = 97
char = m;code = 109
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = e;code = 101
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = e;code = 101
char = x;code = 120
char = p;code = 112
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = s;code = 115
char = s;code = 115
char = i;code = 105
char = o;code = 111
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = t;code = 116
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = m;code = 109
char = R;code = 82
char = N;code = 78
char = A;code = 65
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = n;code = 110
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = p;code = 112
char = r;code = 114
char = o;code = 111
char = t;code = 116
char = e;code = 101
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
char = l;code = 108
char = e;code = 101
char = v;code = 118
char = e;code = 101
char = l;code = 108
char = s;code = 115
char = ;code = 32
char = o;code = 111
char = f;code = 102
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = i;code = 105
char = s;code = 115
char = ;code = 32
char = D;code = 68
char = N;code = 78
char = A;code = 65
char = -;code = 45
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = n;code = 110
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = R;code = 82
char = N;code = 78
char = A;code = 65
char = -;code = 45
char = b;code = 98
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = d;code = 100
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = g;code = 103
char = ;code = 32
char = f;code = 102
char = a;code = 97
char = c;code = 99
char = t;code = 116
char = o;code = 111
char = r;code = 114
char = ;code = 32
char = H;code = 72
char = M;code = 77
char = G;code = 71
char = A;code = 65
char = 1;code = 49
char = a;code = 97
char = ;code = 32
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = l;code = 108
char = y;code = 121
char = m;code = 109
char = p;code = 112
char = h;code = 104
char = o;code = 111
char = b;code = 98
char = l;code = 108
char = a;code = 97
char = s;code = 115
char = t;code = 116
char = o;code = 111
char = i;code = 105
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = c;code = 99
char = e;code = 101
char = l;code = 108
char = l;code = 108
char = ;code = 32
char = l;code = 108
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = e;code = 101
char = s;code = 115
char = ;code = 32
char = o;code = 111
char = b;code = 98
char = t;code = 116
char = a;code = 97
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = e;code = 101
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = f;code = 102
char = r;code = 114
char = o;code = 111
char = m;code = 109
char = ;code = 32
char = 1;code = 49
char = 6;code = 54
char = ;code = 32
char = s;code = 115
char = c;code = 99
char = h;code = 104
char = i;code = 105
char = z;code = 122
char = o;code = 111
char = p;code = 112
char = h;code = 104
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = n;code = 110
char = i;code = 105
char = a;code = 97
char = ;code = 32
char = p;code = 112
char = a;code = 97
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = e;code = 101
char = n;code = 110
char = t;code = 116
char = s;code = 115
char = ;code = 32
char = w;code = 119
char = i;code = 105
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = g;code = 103
char = e;code = 101
char = -;code = 45
char = m;code = 109
char = a;code = 97
char = t;code = 116
char = c;code = 99
char = h;code = 104
char = e;code = 101
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = c;code = 99
char = o;code = 111
char = n;code = 110
char = t;code = 116
char = r;code = 114
char = o;code = 111
char = l;code = 108
char = s;code = 115
char = .;code = 46
char = ;code = 32
char = W;code = 87
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = o;code = 111
char = b;code = 98
char = s;code = 115
char = e;code = 101
char = r;code = 114
char = v;code = 118
char = e;code = 101
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = m;code = 109
char = a;code = 97
char = r;code = 114
char = k;code = 107
char = e;code = 101
char = d;code = 100
char = l;code = 108
char = y;code = 121
char = ;code = 32
char = h;code = 104
char = i;code = 105
char = g;code = 103
char = h;code = 104
char = e;code = 101
char = r;code = 114
char = ;code = 32
char = H;code = 72
char = M;code = 77
char = G;code = 71
char = A;code = 65
char = 1;code = 49
char = a;code = 97
char = ;code = 32
char = m;code = 109
char = R;code = 82
char = N;code = 78
char = A;code = 65
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = n;code = 110
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = c;code = 99
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = a;code = 97
char = s;code = 115
char = e;code = 101
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = H;code = 72
char = M;code = 77
char = G;code = 71
char = A;code = 65
char = 1;code = 49
char = a;code = 97
char = ;code = 32
char = p;code = 112
char = r;code = 114
char = o;code = 111
char = t;code = 116
char = e;code = 101
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = n;code = 110
char = u;code = 117
char = c;code = 99
char = l;code = 108
char = e;code = 101
char = a;code = 97
char = r;code = 114
char = ;code = 32
char = f;code = 102
char = r;code = 114
char = a;code = 97
char = c;code = 99
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = o;code = 111
char = n;code = 110
char = s;code = 115
char = ;code = 32
char = o;code = 111
char = f;code = 102
char = ;code = 32
char = s;code = 115
char = c;code = 99
char = h;code = 104
char = i;code = 105
char = z;code = 122
char = o;code = 111
char = p;code = 112
char = h;code = 104
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = n;code = 110
char = i;code = 105
char = a;code = 97
char = ;code = 32
char = p;code = 112
char = a;code = 97
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = e;code = 101
char = n;code = 110
char = t;code = 116
char = s;code = 115
char = .;code = 46
char = ;code = 32
char = I;code = 73
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
char = c;code = 99
char = o;code = 111
char = n;code = 110
char = t;code = 116
char = r;code = 114
char = a;code = 97
char = s;code = 115
char = t;code = 116
char = ,;code = 44
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = e;code = 101
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = w;code = 119
char = e;code = 101
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = n;code = 110
char = o;code = 111
char = ;code = 32
char = s;code = 115
char = i;code = 105
char = g;code = 103
char = n;code = 110
char = i;code = 105
char = f;code = 102
char = i;code = 105
char = c;code = 99
char = a;code = 97
char = n;code = 110
char = t;code = 116
char = ;code = 32
char = d;code = 100
char = i;code = 105
char = f;code = 102
char = f;code = 102
char = e;code = 101
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = n;code = 110
char = c;code = 99
char = e;code = 101
char = s;code = 115
char = ;code = 32
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = e;code = 101
char = x;code = 120
char = p;code = 112
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = s;code = 115
char = s;code = 115
char = i;code = 105
char = o;code = 111
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
char = l;code = 108
char = e;code = 101
char = v;code = 118
char = e;code = 101
char = l;code = 108
char = s;code = 115
char = ;code = 32
char = o;code = 111
char = f;code = 102
char = ;code = 32
char = H;code = 72
char = M;code = 77
char = G;code = 71
char = A;code = 65
char = 1;code = 49
char = b;code = 98
char = ,;code = 44
char = ;code = 32
char = w;code = 119
char = h;code = 104
char = i;code = 105
char = c;code = 99
char = h;code = 104
char = ;code = 32
char = i;code = 105
char = s;code = 115
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = l;code = 108
char = t;code = 116
char = e;code = 101
char = r;code = 114
char = n;code = 110
char = a;code = 97
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = v;code = 118
char = e;code = 101
char = l;code = 108
char = y;code = 121
char = ;code = 32
char = s;code = 115
char = p;code = 112
char = l;code = 108
char = i;code = 105
char = c;code = 99
char = e;code = 101
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = i;code = 105
char = s;code = 115
char = o;code = 111
char = f;code = 102
char = o;code = 111
char = r;code = 114
char = m;code = 109
char = ;code = 32
char = o;code = 111
char = f;code = 102
char = ;code = 32
char = H;code = 72
char = M;code = 77
char = G;code = 71
char = A;code = 65
char = 1;code = 49
char = a;code = 97
char = .;code = 46
char = ;code = 32
char = T;code = 84
char = h;code = 104
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = p;code = 112
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = s;code = 115
char = e;code = 101
char = n;code = 110
char = t;code = 116
char = ;code = 32
char = s;code = 115
char = t;code = 116
char = u;code = 117
char = d;code = 100
char = y;code = 121
char = ;code = 32
char = i;code = 105
char = s;code = 115
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = f;code = 102
char = i;code = 105
char = r;code = 114
char = s;code = 115
char = t;code = 116
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = o;code = 111
char = ;code = 32
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = p;code = 112
char = o;code = 111
char = r;code = 114
char = t;code = 116
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = ;code = 32
char = s;code = 115
char = i;code = 105
char = g;code = 103
char = n;code = 110
char = i;code = 105
char = f;code = 102
char = i;code = 105
char = c;code = 99
char = a;code = 97
char = n;code = 110
char = t;code = 116
char = ;code = 32
char = u;code = 117
char = p;code = 112
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = g;code = 103
char = u;code = 117
char = l;code = 108
char = a;code = 97
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = o;code = 111
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
char = o;code = 111
char = f;code = 102
char = ;code = 32
char = H;code = 72
char = M;code = 77
char = G;code = 71
char = A;code = 65
char = 1;code = 49
char = a;code = 97
char = ;code = 32
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
char = s;code = 115
char = c;code = 99
char = h;code = 104
char = i;code = 105
char = z;code = 122
char = o;code = 111
char = p;code = 112
char = h;code = 104
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = n;code = 110
char = i;code = 105
char = a;code = 97
char = ,;code = 44
char = ;code = 32
char = s;code = 115
char = u;code = 117
char = g;code = 103
char = g;code = 103
char = e;code = 101
char = s;code = 115
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
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result sql = The high-mobility group A protein 1a (HMGA1a) is a well-documented DNA-binding protein acting as an architectural transcription regulator. Recently, HMGA1a protein has been identified as a hypoxia-inducible RNA-binding trans-acting factor for aberrant splicing of presenilin-2 (PS2) pre-mRNA observed in the brains of sporadic Alzheimer's disease. Interestingly, this aberrant splicing of PS2 was also observed in the brains of bipolar disorder and schizophrenia. Many downstream genes under the control of HMGA1a could be associated with schizophrenia. On the other hand, many gene transcripts are aberrantly spliced in schizophrenia. Therefore, we examined the expression at the mRNA and protein levels of this DNA- and RNA-binding factor HMGA1a in the lymphoblastoid cell lines obtained from 16 schizophrenia patients with age-matched controls. We observed markedly higher HMGA1a mRNA and the increased HMGA1a protein in the nuclear fractions of schizophrenia patients. In contrast, there were no significant differences in the expression levels of HMGA1b, which is an alternatively spliced isoform of HMGA1a. The present study is the first to report a significant upregulation of HMGA1a in schizophrenia, suggesting its potential roles in both transcription and splicing of target genes linked with schizophrenia.
Publication: Neurochem. Int. 2010 May-Jun ;56(6-7)::736-9. :doi: 10.1016/j.neuint.2010.03.011.
Publication Date: 2010 May-Jun
Study Author(s): Morikawa, Tomomi;Manabe, Takayuki;Ito, Yoshihito;Yamada, Shinnosuke;Yoshimi, Akira;Nagai, Taku;Ozaki, Norio;Mayeda, Akila;
Institution: Division of Gene Expression Mechanism, Institute for Comprehensive Medical Science, Fujita Health University, Toyoake, Aichi, Japan.
Shortcut link to this study:
Publication Date: 2010 May-Jun
Study Author(s): Morikawa, Tomomi;Manabe, Takayuki;Ito, Yoshihito;Yamada, Shinnosuke;Yoshimi, Akira;Nagai, Taku;Ozaki, Norio;Mayeda, Akila;
Institution: Division of Gene Expression Mechanism, Institute for Comprehensive Medical Science, Fujita Health University, Toyoake, Aichi, Japan.
Shortcut link to this study:
The high-mobility group A protein 1a (HMGA1a) is a well-documented DNA-binding protein acting as an architectural transcription regulator. Recently, HMGA1a protein has been identified as a hypoxia-inducible RNA-binding trans-acting factor for aberrant splicing of presenilin-2 (PS2) pre-mRNA observed in the brains of sporadic Alzheimer's disease. Interestingly, this aberrant splicing of PS2 was also observed in the brains of bipolar disorder and schizophrenia. Many downstream genes under the control of HMGA1a could be associated with schizophrenia. On the other hand, many gene transcripts are aberrantly spliced in schizophrenia. Therefore, we examined the expression at the mRNA and protein levels of this DNA- and RNA-binding factor HMGA1a in the lymphoblastoid cell lines obtained from 16 schizophrenia patients with age-matched controls. We observed markedly higher HMGA1a mRNA and the increased HMGA1a protein in the nuclear fractions of schizophrenia patients. In contrast, there were no significant differences in the expression levels of HMGA1b, which is an alternatively spliced isoform of HMGA1a. The present study is the first to report a significant upregulation of HMGA1a in schizophrenia, suggesting its potential roles in both transcription and splicing of target genes linked with schizophrenia.
PMID: 20347905
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