char = T;code = 84 char = h;code = 104 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = e;code = 101 char = f;code = 102 char = f;code = 102 char = e;code = 101 char = c;code = 99 char = t;code = 116 char = s;code = 115 char = ;code = 32 char = o;code = 111 char = f;code = 102 char = ;code = 32 char = d;code = 100 char = i;code = 105 char = s;code = 115 char = s;code = 115 char = o;code = 111 char = l;code = 108 char = v;code = 118 char = e;code = 101 char = d;code = 100 char = ;code = 32 char = o;code = 111 char = x;code = 120 char = y;code = 121 char = g;code = 103 char = e;code = 101 char = n;code = 110 char = ;code = 32 char = l;code = 108 char = e;code = 101 char = v;code = 118 char = e;code = 101 char = l;code = 108 char = ;code = 32 char = o;code = 111 char = n;code = 110 char = ;code = 32 char = t;code = 116 char = h;code = 104 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = m;code = 109 char = e;code = 101 char = t;code = 116 char = a;code = 97 char = b;code = 98 char = o;code = 111 char = l;code = 108 char = i;code = 105 char = c;code = 99 char = ;code = 32 char = i;code = 105 char = n;code = 110 char = t;code = 116 char = e;code = 101 char = r;code = 114 char = a;code = 97 char = c;code = 99 char = t;code = 116 char = i;code = 105 char = o;code = 111 char = n;code = 110 char = ;code = 32 char = b;code = 98 char = e;code = 101 char = t;code = 116 char = w;code = 119 char = e;code = 101 char = e;code = 101 char = n;code = 110 char = ;code = 32 char = d;code = 100 char = i;code = 105 char = g;code = 103 char = e;code = 101 char = s;code = 115 char = t;code = 116 char = i;code = 105 char = o;code = 111 char = n;code = 110 char = ;code = 32 char = a;code = 97 char = n;code = 110 char = d;code = 100 char = ;code = 32 char = l;code = 108 char = o;code = 111 char = c;code = 99 char = o;code = 111 char = m;code = 109 char = o;code = 111 char = t;code = 116 char = i;code = 105 char = o;code = 111 char = n;code = 110 char = ;code = 32 char = i;code = 105 char = n;code = 110 char = ;code = 32 char = j;code = 106 char = u;code = 117 char = v;code = 118 char = e;code = 101 char = n;code = 110 char = i;code = 105 char = l;code = 108 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = s;code = 115 char = o;code = 111 char = u;code = 117 char = t;code = 116 char = h;code = 104 char = e;code = 101 char = r;code = 114 char = n;code = 110 char = ;code = 32 char = c;code = 99 char = a;code = 97 char = t;code = 116 char = f;code = 102 char = i;code = 105 char = s;code = 115 char = h;code = 104 char = ;code = 32 char = (;code = 40 char = S;code = 83 char = i;code = 105 char = l;code = 108 char = u;code = 117 char = r;code = 114 char = u;code = 117 char = s;code = 115 char = ;code = 32 char = m;code = 109 char = e;code = 101 char = r;code = 114 char = i;code = 105 char = d;code = 100 char = i;code = 105 char = o;code = 111 char = n;code = 110 char = a;code = 97 char = l;code = 108 char = i;code = 105 char = s;code = 115 char = ;code = 32 char = C;code = 67 char = h;code = 104 char = e;code = 101 char = n;code = 110 char = );code = 41 char = .;code = 46 result sql = The effects of dissolved oxygen level on the metabolic interaction between digestion and locomotion in juvenile southern catfish (Silurus meridionalis Chen).
The effects of dissolved oxygen level on the metabolic interaction between digestion and locomotion in juvenile southern catfish (Silurus meridionalis Chen).char = T;code = 84 char = o;code = 111 char = ;code = 32 char = i;code = 105 char = n;code = 110 char = v;code = 118 char = e;code = 101 char = s;code = 115 char = t;code = 116 char = i;code = 105 char = g;code = 103 char = a;code = 97 char = t;code = 116 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = t;code = 116 char = h;code = 104 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = e;code = 101 char = f;code = 102 char = f;code = 102 char = e;code = 101 char = c;code = 99 char = t;code = 116 char = ;code = 32 char = o;code = 111 char = f;code = 102 char = ;code = 32 char = d;code = 100 char = i;code = 105 char = s;code = 115 char = s;code = 115 char = o;code = 111 char = l;code = 108 char = v;code = 118 char = e;code = 101 char = d;code = 100 char = ;code = 32 char = o;code = 111 char = x;code = 120 char = y;code = 121 char = g;code = 103 char = e;code = 101 char = n;code = 110 char = ;code = 32 char = l;code = 108 char = e;code = 101 char = v;code = 118 char = e;code = 101 char = l;code = 108 char = ;code = 32 char = (;code = 40 char = [;code = 91 char = O;code = 79 char = (;code = 40 char = 2;code = 50 char = );code = 41 char = ];code = 93 char = );code = 41 char = ;code = 32 char = o;code = 111 char = n;code = 110 char = ;code = 32 char = m;code = 109 char = a;code = 97 char = i;code = 105 char = n;code = 110 char = t;code = 116 char = e;code = 101 char = n;code = 110 char = a;code = 97 char = n;code = 110 char = c;code = 99 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = m;code = 109 char = e;code = 101 char = t;code = 116 char = a;code = 97 char = b;code = 98 char = o;code = 111 char = l;code = 108 char = i;code = 105 char = s;code = 115 char = m;code = 109 char = ,;code = 44 char = ;code = 32 char = f;code = 102 char = e;code = 101 char = e;code = 101 char = d;code = 100 char = i;code = 105 char = n;code = 110 char = g;code = 103 char = ;code = 32 char = m;code = 109 char = e;code = 101 char = t;code = 116 char = a;code = 97 char = b;code = 98 char = o;code = 111 char = l;code = 108 char = i;code = 105 char = s;code = 115 char = m;code = 109 char = ,;code = 44 char = ;code = 32 char = a;code = 97 char = e;code = 101 char = r;code = 114 char = o;code = 111 char = b;code = 98 char = i;code = 105 char = c;code = 99 char = ;code = 32 char = s;code = 115 char = w;code = 119 char = i;code = 105 char = m;code = 109 char = m;code = 109 char = i;code = 105 char = n;code = 110 char = g;code = 103 char = ;code = 32 char = p;code = 112 char = e;code = 101 char = r;code = 114 char = f;code = 102 char = o;code = 111 char = r;code = 114 char = m;code = 109 char = a;code = 97 char = n;code = 110 char = c;code = 99 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = a;code = 97 char = n;code = 110 char = d;code = 100 char = ;code = 32 char = t;code = 116 char = h;code = 104 char = e;code = 101 char = i;code = 105 char = r;code = 114 char = ;code = 32 char = m;code = 109 char = e;code = 101 char = t;code = 116 char = a;code = 97 char = b;code = 98 char = o;code = 111 char = l;code = 108 char = i;code = 105 char = c;code = 99 char = ;code = 32 char = i;code = 105 char = n;code = 110 char = t;code = 116 char = e;code = 101 char = r;code = 114 char = a;code = 97 char = c;code = 99 char = t;code = 116 char = i;code = 105 char = o;code = 111 char = n;code = 110 char = ;code = 32 char = i;code = 105 char = n;code = 110 char = ;code = 32 char = j;code = 106 char = u;code = 117 char = v;code = 118 char = e;code = 101 char = n;code = 110 char = i;code = 105 char = l;code = 108 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = s;code = 115 char = o;code = 111 char = u;code = 117 char = t;code = 116 char = h;code = 104 char = e;code = 101 char = r;code = 114 char = n;code = 110 char = ;code = 32 char = c;code = 99 char = a;code = 97 char = t;code = 116 char = f;code = 102 char = i;code = 105 char = s;code = 115 char = h;code = 104 char = ;code = 32 char = (;code = 40 char = S;code = 83 char = i;code = 105 char = l;code = 108 char = u;code = 117 char = r;code = 114 char = u;code = 117 char = s;code = 115 char = ;code = 32 char = m;code = 109 char = e;code = 101 char = r;code = 114 char = i;code = 105 char = d;code = 100 char = i;code = 105 char = o;code = 111 char = n;code = 110 char = a;code = 97 char = l;code = 108 char = i;code = 105 char = s;code = 115 char = ;code = 32 char = C;code = 67 char = h;code = 104 char = e;code = 101 char = n;code = 110 char = );code = 41 char = ,;code = 44 char = ;code = 32 char = w;code = 119 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = m;code = 109 char = e;code = 101 char = a;code = 97 char = s;code = 115 char = u;code = 117 char = r;code = 114 char = e;code = 101 char = d;code = 100 char = ;code = 32 char = t;code = 116 char = h;code = 104 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = f;code = 102 char = o;code = 111 char = l;code = 108 char = l;code = 108 char = o;code = 111 char = w;code = 119 char = i;code = 105 char = n;code = 110 char = g;code = 103 char = :;code = 58 char = ;code = 32 char = (;code = 40 char = 1;code = 49 char = );code = 41 char = ;code = 32 char = t;code = 116 char = h;code = 104 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = r;code = 114 char = e;code = 101 char = s;code = 115 char = t;code = 116 char = i;code = 105 char = n;code = 110 char = g;code = 103 char = ;code = 32 char = o;code = 111 char = x;code = 120 char = y;code = 121 char = g;code = 103 char = e;code = 101 char = n;code = 110 char = ;code = 32 char = c;code = 99 char = o;code = 111 char = n;code = 110 char = s;code = 115 char = u;code = 117 char = m;code = 109 char = p;code = 112 char = t;code = 116 char = i;code = 105 char = o;code = 111 char = n;code = 110 char = ;code = 32 char = r;code = 114 char = a;code = 97 char = t;code = 116 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = (;code = 40 char = M;code = 77 char = O;code = 79 char = (;code = 40 char = 2;code = 50 char = r;code = 114 char = e;code = 101 char = s;code = 115 char = t;code = 116 char = );code = 41 char = );code = 41 char = ;code = 32 char = o;code = 111 char = v;code = 118 char = e;code = 101 char = r;code = 114 char = ;code = 32 char = a;code = 97 char = ;code = 32 char = r;code = 114 char = a;code = 97 char = n;code = 110 char = g;code = 103 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = o;code = 111 char = f;code = 102 char = ;code = 32 char = w;code = 119 char = a;code = 97 char = t;code = 116 char = e;code = 101 char = r;code = 114 char = ;code = 32 char = [;code = 91 char = O;code = 79 char = (;code = 40 char = 2;code = 50 char = );code = 41 char = ];code = 93 char = ;code = 32 char = a;code = 97 char = n;code = 110 char = d;code = 100 char = ;code = 32 char = f;code = 102 char = r;code = 114 char = o;code = 111 char = m;code = 109 char = ;code = 32 char = t;code = 116 char = h;code = 104 char = i;code = 105 char = s;code = 115 char = ;code = 32 char = w;code = 119 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = c;code = 99 char = a;code = 97 char = l;code = 108 char = c;code = 99 char = u;code = 117 char = l;code = 108 char = a;code = 97 char = t;code = 116 char = e;code = 101 char = d;code = 100 char = ;code = 32 char = t;code = 116 char = h;code = 104 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = c;code = 99 char = r;code = 114 char = i;code = 105 char = t;code = 116 char = i;code = 105 char = c;code = 99 char = a;code = 97 char = l;code = 108 char = ;code = 32 char = o;code = 111 char = x;code = 120 char = y;code = 121 char = g;code = 103 char = e;code = 101 char = n;code = 110 char = ;code = 32 char = t;code = 116 char = e;code = 101 char = n;code = 110 char = s;code = 115 char = i;code = 105 char = o;code = 111 char = n;code = 110 char = ;code = 32 char = (;code = 40 char = P;code = 80 char = (;code = 40 char = c;code = 99 char = r;code = 114 char = i;code = 105 char = t;code = 116 char = );code = 41 char = );code = 41 char = ;code = 32 char = o;code = 111 char = f;code = 102 char = ;code = 32 char = f;code = 102 char = a;code = 97 char = s;code = 115 char = t;code = 116 char = i;code = 105 char = n;code = 110 char = g;code = 103 char = ;code = 32 char = f;code = 102 char = i;code = 105 char = s;code = 115 char = h;code = 104 char = ;;code = 59 char = ;code = 32 char = (;code = 40 char = 2;code = 50 char = );code = 41 char = ;code = 32 char = t;code = 116 char = h;code = 104 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = p;code = 112 char = o;code = 111 char = s;code = 115 char = t;code = 116 char = p;code = 112 char = r;code = 114 char = a;code = 97 char = n;code = 110 char = d;code = 100 char = i;code = 105 char = a;code = 97 char = l;code = 108 char = ;code = 32 char = M;code = 77 char = O;code = 79 char = (;code = 40 char = 2;code = 50 char = );code = 41 char = ;code = 32 char = r;code = 114 char = e;code = 101 char = s;code = 115 char = p;code = 112 char = o;code = 111 char = n;code = 110 char = s;code = 115 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = (;code = 40 char = 1;code = 49 char = 0;code = 48 char = %;code = 37 char = ;code = 32 char = b;code = 98 char = o;code = 111 char = d;code = 100 char = y;code = 121 char = ;code = 32 char = m;code = 109 char = a;code = 97 char = s;code = 115 char = s;code = 115 char = ;code = 32 char = m;code = 109 char = e;code = 101 char = a;code = 97 char = l;code = 108 char = ;code = 32 char = s;code = 115 char = i;code = 105 char = z;code = 122 char = e;code = 101 char = );code = 41 char = ;code = 32 char = a;code = 97 char = t;code = 116 char = ;code = 32 char = w;code = 119 char = a;code = 97 char = t;code = 116 char = e;code = 101 char = r;code = 114 char = ;code = 32 char = [;code = 91 char = O;code = 79 char = (;code = 40 char = 2;code = 50 char = );code = 41 char = ];code = 93 char = ;code = 32 char = o;code = 111 char = f;code = 102 char = ;code = 32 char = 1;code = 49 char = ,;code = 44 char = ;code = 32 char = 2;code = 50 char = ,;code = 44 char = ;code = 32 char = 4;code = 52 char = ;code = 32 char = a;code = 97 char = n;code = 110 char = d;code = 100 char = ;code = 32 char = 8;code = 56 char = m;code = 109 char = g;code = 103 char = O;code = 79 char = (;code = 40 char = 2;code = 50 char = );code = 41 char = L;code = 76 char = (;code = 40 char = -;code = 45 char = 1;code = 49 char = );code = 41 char = ;;code = 59 char = ;code = 32 char = a;code = 97 char = n;code = 110 char = d;code = 100 char = ;code = 32 char = (;code = 40 char = 3;code = 51 char = );code = 41 char = ;code = 32 char = t;code = 116 char = h;code = 104 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = s;code = 115 char = w;code = 119 char = i;code = 105 char = m;code = 109 char = m;code = 109 char = i;code = 105 char = n;code = 110 char = g;code = 103 char = ;code = 32 char = p;code = 112 char = e;code = 101 char = r;code = 114 char = f;code = 102 char = o;code = 111 char = r;code = 114 char = m;code = 109 char = a;code = 97 char = n;code = 110 char = c;code = 99 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = o;code = 111 char = f;code = 102 char = ;code = 32 char = f;code = 102 char = a;code = 97 char = s;code = 115 char = t;code = 116 char = i;code = 105 char = n;code = 110 char = g;code = 103 char = ;code = 32 char = a;code = 97 char = n;code = 110 char = d;code = 100 char = ;code = 32 char = d;code = 100 char = i;code = 105 char = g;code = 103 char = e;code = 101 char = s;code = 115 char = t;code = 116 char = i;code = 105 char = n;code = 110 char = g;code = 103 char = ;code = 32 char = f;code = 102 char = i;code = 105 char = s;code = 115 char = h;code = 104 char = ;code = 32 char = a;code = 97 char = t;code = 116 char = ;code = 32 char = w;code = 119 char = a;code = 97 char = t;code = 116 char = e;code = 101 char = r;code = 114 char = ;code = 32 char = [;code = 91 char = O;code = 79 char = (;code = 40 char = 2;code = 50 char = );code = 41 char = ];code = 93 char = ;code = 32 char = o;code = 111 char = f;code = 102 char = ;code = 32 char = 1;code = 49 char = ,;code = 44 char = ;code = 32 char = 2;code = 50 char = ,;code = 44 char = ;code = 32 char = 4;code = 52 char = ;code = 32 char = a;code = 97 char = n;code = 110 char = d;code = 100 char = ;code = 32 char = 8;code = 56 char = m;code = 109 char = g;code = 103 char = O;code = 79 char = (;code = 40 char = 2;code = 50 char = );code = 41 char = L;code = 76 char = (;code = 40 char = -;code = 45 char = 1;code = 49 char = );code = 41 char = ;code = 32 char = a;code = 97 char = t;code = 116 char = ;code = 32 char = 2;code = 50 char = 5;code = 53 char = ;code = 32 char = d;code = 100 char = e;code = 101 char = g;code = 103 char = r;code = 114 char = e;code = 101 char = e;code = 101 char = s;code = 115 char = ;code = 32 char = C;code = 67 char = .;code = 46 char = ;code = 32 char = T;code = 84 char = h;code = 104 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = M;code = 77 char = O;code = 79 char = (;code = 40 char = 2;code = 50 char = r;code = 114 char = e;code = 101 char = s;code = 115 char = t;code = 116 char = );code = 41 char = ;code = 32 char = r;code = 114 char = e;code = 101 char = m;code = 109 char = a;code = 97 char = i;code = 105 char = n;code = 110 char = e;code = 101 char = d;code = 100 char = ;code = 32 char = c;code = 99 char = o;code = 111 char = n;code = 110 char = s;code = 115 char = t;code = 116 char = a;code = 97 char = n;code = 110 char = t;code = 116 char = ;code = 32 char = o;code = 111 char = v;code = 118 char = e;code = 101 char = r;code = 114 char = ;code = 32 char = a;code = 97 char = ;code = 32 char = b;code = 98 char = r;code = 114 char = o;code = 111 char = a;code = 97 char = d;code = 100 char = ;code = 32 char = r;code = 114 char = a;code = 97 char = n;code = 110 char = g;code = 103 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = o;code = 111 char = f;code = 102 char = ;code = 32 char = w;code = 119 char = a;code = 97 char = t;code = 116 char = e;code = 101 char = r;code = 114 char = ;code = 32 char = [;code = 91 char = O;code = 79 char = (;code = 40 char = 2;code = 50 char = );code = 41 char = ];code = 93 char = ;code = 32 char = b;code = 98 char = u;code = 117 char = t;code = 116 char = ;code = 32 char = t;code = 116 char = h;code = 104 char = e;code = 101 char = n;code = 110 char = ;code = 32 char = d;code = 100 char = r;code = 114 char = o;code = 111 char = p;code = 112 char = p;code = 112 char = e;code = 101 char = d;code = 100 char = ;code = 32 char = m;code = 109 char = a;code = 97 char = r;code = 114 char = k;code = 107 char = e;code = 101 char = d;code = 100 char = l;code = 108 char = y;code = 121 char = ;code = 32 char = u;code = 117 char = p;code = 112 char = o;code = 111 char = n;code = 110 char = ;code = 32 char = r;code = 114 char = e;code = 101 char = a;code = 97 char = c;code = 99 char = h;code = 104 char = i;code = 105 char = n;code = 110 char = g;code = 103 char = ;code = 32 char = t;code = 116 char = h;code = 104 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = P;code = 80 char = (;code = 40 char = c;code = 99 char = r;code = 114 char = i;code = 105 char = t;code = 116 char = );code = 41 char = ;code = 32 char = (;code = 40 char = 1;code = 49 char = 6;code = 54 char = .;code = 46 char = 4;code = 52 char = %;code = 37 char = ;code = 32 char = s;code = 115 char = a;code = 97 char = t;code = 116 char = u;code = 117 char = r;code = 114 char = a;code = 97 char = t;code = 116 char = i;code = 105 char = o;code = 111 char = n;code = 110 char = );code = 41 char = .;code = 46 char = ;code = 32 char = H;code = 72 char = y;code = 121 char = p;code = 112 char = o;code = 111 char = x;code = 120 char = i;code = 105 char = c;code = 99 char = ;code = 32 char = g;code = 103 char = r;code = 114 char = o;code = 111 char = u;code = 117 char = p;code = 112 char = s;code = 115 char = ;code = 32 char = p;code = 112 char = r;code = 114 char = e;code = 101 char = s;code = 115 char = e;code = 101 char = n;code = 110 char = t;code = 116 char = e;code = 101 char = d;code = 100 char = ;code = 32 char = l;code = 108 char = o;code = 111 char = w;code = 119 char = e;code = 101 char = r;code = 114 char = ;code = 32 char = p;code = 112 char = e;code = 101 char = a;code = 97 char = k;code = 107 char = ;code = 32 char = p;code = 112 char = o;code = 111 char = s;code = 115 char = t;code = 116 char = p;code = 112 char = r;code = 114 char = a;code = 97 char = n;code = 110 char = d;code = 100 char = i;code = 105 char = a;code = 97 char = l;code = 108 char = ;code = 32 char = M;code = 77 char = O;code = 79 char = (;code = 40 char = 2;code = 50 char = );code = 41 char = ;code = 32 char = (;code = 40 char = M;code = 77 char = O;code = 79 char = (;code = 40 char = 2;code = 50 char = p;code = 112 char = e;code = 101 char = a;code = 97 char = k;code = 107 char = );code = 41 char = );code = 41 char = ;code = 32 char = (;code = 40 char = 1;code = 49 char = m;code = 109 char = g;code = 103 char = O;code = 79 char = (;code = 40 char = 2;code = 50 char = );code = 41 char = L;code = 76 char = (;code = 40 char = -;code = 45 char = 1;code = 49 char = );code = 41 char = ;code = 32 char = g;code = 103 char = r;code = 114 char = o;code = 111 char = u;code = 117 char = p;code = 112 char = );code = 41 char = ,;code = 44 char = ;code = 32 char = l;code = 108 char = a;code = 97 char = r;code = 114 char = g;code = 103 char = e;code = 101 char = r;code = 114 char = ;code = 32 char = e;code = 101 char = n;code = 110 char = e;code = 101 char = r;code = 114 char = g;code = 103 char = y;code = 121 char = ;code = 32 char = e;code = 101 char = x;code = 120 char = p;code = 112 char = e;code = 101 char = n;code = 110 char = d;code = 100 char = i;code = 105 char = t;code = 116 char = u;code = 117 char = r;code = 114 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = a;code = 97 char = n;code = 110 char = d;code = 100 char = ;code = 32 char = l;code = 108 char = o;code = 111 char = n;code = 110 char = g;code = 103 char = e;code = 101 char = r;code = 114 char = ;code = 32 char = d;code = 100 char = i;code = 105 char = g;code = 103 char = e;code = 101 char = s;code = 115 char = t;code = 116 char = i;code = 105 char = v;code = 118 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = p;code = 112 char = r;code = 114 char = o;code = 111 char = c;code = 99 char = e;code = 101 char = s;code = 115 char = s;code = 115 char = ;code = 32 char = (;code = 40 char = b;code = 98 char = o;code = 111 char = t;code = 116 char = h;code = 104 char = ;code = 32 char = 1;code = 49 char = ;code = 32 char = a;code = 97 char = n;code = 110 char = d;code = 100 char = ;code = 32 char = 2;code = 50 char = m;code = 109 char = g;code = 103 char = O;code = 79 char = (;code = 40 char = 2;code = 50 char = );code = 41 char = L;code = 76 char = (;code = 40 char = -;code = 45 char = 1;code = 49 char = );code = 41 char = );code = 41 char = ;code = 32 char = t;code = 116 char = h;code = 104 char = a;code = 97 char = n;code = 110 char = ;code = 32 char = t;code = 116 char = h;code = 104 char = o;code = 111 char = s;code = 115 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = o;code = 111 char = f;code = 102 char = ;code = 32 char = n;code = 110 char = o;code = 111 char = r;code = 114 char = m;code = 109 char = o;code = 111 char = x;code = 120 char = i;code = 105 char = c;code = 99 char = ;code = 32 char = g;code = 103 char = r;code = 114 char = o;code = 111 char = u;code = 117 char = p;code = 112 char = s;code = 115 char = .;code = 46 char = ;code = 32 char = B;code = 66 char = o;code = 111 char = t;code = 116 char = h;code = 104 char = ;code = 32 char = c;code = 99 char = r;code = 114 char = i;code = 105 char = t;code = 116 char = i;code = 105 char = c;code = 99 char = a;code = 97 char = l;code = 108 char = ;code = 32 char = s;code = 115 char = w;code = 119 char = i;code = 105 char = m;code = 109 char = m;code = 109 char = i;code = 105 char = n;code = 110 char = g;code = 103 char = ;code = 32 char = s;code = 115 char = p;code = 112 char = e;code = 101 char = e;code = 101 char = d;code = 100 char = ;code = 32 char = (;code = 40 char = U;code = 85 char = (;code = 40 char = c;code = 99 char = r;code = 114 char = i;code = 105 char = t;code = 116 char = );code = 41 char = );code = 41 char = ;code = 32 char = a;code = 97 char = n;code = 110 char = d;code = 100 char = ;code = 32 char = t;code = 116 char = h;code = 104 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = a;code = 97 char = c;code = 99 char = t;code = 116 char = i;code = 105 char = v;code = 118 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = m;code = 109 char = e;code = 101 char = t;code = 116 char = a;code = 97 char = b;code = 98 char = o;code = 111 char = l;code = 108 char = i;code = 105 char = c;code = 99 char = ;code = 32 char = r;code = 114 char = a;code = 97 char = t;code = 116 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = (;code = 40 char = M;code = 77 char = O;code = 79 char = (;code = 40 char = 2;code = 50 char = a;code = 97 char = c;code = 99 char = t;code = 116 char = i;code = 105 char = v;code = 118 char = e;code = 101 char = );code = 41 char = );code = 41 char = ;code = 32 char = o;code = 111 char = f;code = 102 char = ;code = 32 char = f;code = 102 char = a;code = 97 char = s;code = 115 char = t;code = 116 char = i;code = 105 char = n;code = 110 char = g;code = 103 char = ;code = 32 char = f;code = 102 char = i;code = 105 char = s;code = 115 char = h;code = 104 char = ;code = 32 char = r;code = 114 char = e;code = 101 char = m;code = 109 char = a;code = 97 char = i;code = 105 char = n;code = 110 char = e;code = 101 char = d;code = 100 char = ;code = 32 char = u;code = 117 char = n;code = 110 char = c;code = 99 char = h;code = 104 char = a;code = 97 char = n;code = 110 char = g;code = 103 char = e;code = 101 char = d;code = 100 char = ;code = 32 char = o;code = 111 char = v;code = 118 char = e;code = 101 char = r;code = 114 char = ;code = 32 char = a;code = 97 char = ;code = 32 char = d;code = 100 char = e;code = 101 char = c;code = 99 char = r;code = 114 char = e;code = 101 char = a;code = 97 char = s;code = 115 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = i;code = 105 char = n;code = 110 char = ;code = 32 char = w;code = 119 char = a;code = 97 char = t;code = 116 char = e;code = 101 char = r;code = 114 char = ;code = 32 char = [;code = 91 char = O;code = 79 char = (;code = 40 char = 2;code = 50 char = );code = 41 char = ];code = 93 char = ;code = 32 char = f;code = 102 char = r;code = 114 char = o;code = 111 char = m;code = 109 char = ;code = 32 char = 8;code = 56 char = ;code = 32 char = t;code = 116 char = o;code = 111 char = ;code = 32 char = 4;code = 52 char = m;code = 109 char = g;code = 103 char = O;code = 79 char = (;code = 40 char = 2;code = 50 char = );code = 41 char = L;code = 76 char = (;code = 40 char = -;code = 45 char = 1;code = 49 char = );code = 41 char = ;code = 32 char = a;code = 97 char = n;code = 110 char = d;code = 100 char = ;code = 32 char = t;code = 116 char = h;code = 104 char = e;code = 101 char = n;code = 110 char = ;code = 32 char = d;code = 100 char = e;code = 101 char = c;code = 99 char = r;code = 114 char = e;code = 101 char = a;code = 97 char = s;code = 115 char = e;code = 101 char = d;code = 100 char = ;code = 32 char = s;code = 115 char = i;code = 105 char = g;code = 103 char = n;code = 110 char = i;code = 105 char = f;code = 102 char = i;code = 105 char = c;code = 99 char = a;code = 97 char = n;code = 110 char = t;code = 116 char = l;code = 108 char = y;code = 121 char = ;code = 32 char = w;code = 119 char = i;code = 105 char = t;code = 116 char = h;code = 104 char = ;code = 32 char = f;code = 102 char = u;code = 117 char = r;code = 114 char = t;code = 116 char = h;code = 104 char = e;code = 101 char = r;code = 114 char = ;code = 32 char = d;code = 100 char = e;code = 101 char = c;code = 99 char = r;code = 114 char = e;code = 101 char = a;code = 97 char = s;code = 115 char = e;code = 101 char = s;code = 115 char = ;code = 32 char = i;code = 105 char = n;code = 110 char = ;code = 32 char = w;code = 119 char = a;code = 97 char = t;code = 116 char = e;code = 101 char = r;code = 114 char = ;code = 32 char = [;code = 91 char = O;code = 79 char = (;code = 40 char = 2;code = 50 char = );code = 41 char = ];code = 93 char = .;code = 46 char = ;code = 32 char = T;code = 84 char = h;code = 104 char = e;code = 101 char = s;code = 115 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = p;code = 112 char = a;code = 97 char = r;code = 114 char = a;code = 97 char = m;code = 109 char = e;code = 101 char = t;code = 116 char = e;code = 101 char = r;code = 114 char = s;code = 115 char = ;code = 32 char = i;code = 105 char = n;code = 110 char = ;code = 32 char = f;code = 102 char = e;code = 101 char = d;code = 100 char = ;code = 32 char = f;code = 102 char = i;code = 105 char = s;code = 115 char = h;code = 104 char = ;code = 32 char = s;code = 115 char = h;code = 104 char = o;code = 111 char = w;code = 119 char = e;code = 101 char = d;code = 100 char = ;code = 32 char = a;code = 97 char = ;code = 32 char = p;code = 112 char = r;code = 114 char = o;code = 111 char = n;code = 110 char = o;code = 111 char = u;code = 117 char = n;code = 110 char = c;code = 99 char = e;code = 101 char = d;code = 100 char = ;code = 32 char = d;code = 100 char = e;code = 101 char = c;code = 99 char = r;code = 114 char = e;code = 101 char = a;code = 97 char = s;code = 115 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = a;code = 97 char = s;code = 115 char = ;code = 32 char = w;code = 119 char = a;code = 97 char = t;code = 116 char = e;code = 101 char = r;code = 114 char = ;code = 32 char = [;code = 91 char = O;code = 79 char = (;code = 40 char = 2;code = 50 char = );code = 41 char = ];code = 93 char = ;code = 32 char = d;code = 100 char = e;code = 101 char = c;code = 99 char = r;code = 114 char = e;code = 101 char = a;code = 97 char = s;code = 115 char = e;code = 101 char = d;code = 100 char = ;code = 32 char = f;code = 102 char = r;code = 114 char = o;code = 111 char = m;code = 109 char = ;code = 32 char = 8;code = 56 char = ;code = 32 char = t;code = 116 char = o;code = 111 char = ;code = 32 char = 1;code = 49 char = m;code = 109 char = g;code = 103 char = O;code = 79 char = (;code = 40 char = 2;code = 50 char = );code = 41 char = L;code = 76 char = (;code = 40 char = -;code = 45 char = 1;code = 49 char = );code = 41 char = .;code = 46 char = ;code = 32 char = F;code = 70 char = e;code = 101 char = e;code = 101 char = d;code = 100 char = i;code = 105 char = n;code = 110 char = g;code = 103 char = ;code = 32 char = c;code = 99 char = a;code = 97 char = u;code = 117 char = s;code = 115 char = e;code = 101 char = d;code = 100 char = ;code = 32 char = a;code = 97 char = ;code = 32 char = s;code = 115 char = i;code = 105 char = g;code = 103 char = n;code = 110 char = i;code = 105 char = f;code = 102 char = i;code = 105 char = c;code = 99 char = a;code = 97 char = n;code = 110 char = t;code = 116 char = l;code = 108 char = y;code = 121 char = ;code = 32 char = l;code = 108 char = o;code = 111 char = w;code = 119 char = e;code = 101 char = r;code = 114 char = ;code = 32 char = U;code = 85 char = (;code = 40 char = c;code = 99 char = r;code = 114 char = i;code = 105 char = t;code = 116 char = );code = 41 char = ;code = 32 char = i;code = 105 char = n;code = 110 char = ;code = 32 char = t;code = 116 char = h;code = 104 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = 2;code = 50 char = m;code = 109 char = g;code = 103 char = O;code = 79 char = (;code = 40 char = 2;code = 50 char = );code = 41 char = L;code = 76 char = (;code = 40 char = -;code = 45 char = 1;code = 49 char = );code = 41 char = ;code = 32 char = w;code = 119 char = a;code = 97 char = t;code = 116 char = e;code = 101 char = r;code = 114 char = ;code = 32 char = [;code = 91 char = O;code = 79 char = (;code = 40 char = 2;code = 50 char = );code = 41 char = ];code = 93 char = ;code = 32 char = g;code = 103 char = r;code = 114 char = o;code = 111 char = u;code = 117 char = p;code = 112 char = ,;code = 44 char = ;code = 32 char = a;code = 97 char = ;code = 32 char = s;code = 115 char = i;code = 105 char = g;code = 103 char = n;code = 110 char = i;code = 105 char = f;code = 102 char = i;code = 105 char = c;code = 99 char = a;code = 97 char = n;code = 110 char = t;code = 116 char = l;code = 108 char = y;code = 121 char = ;code = 32 char = h;code = 104 char = i;code = 105 char = g;code = 103 char = h;code = 104 char = e;code = 101 char = r;code = 114 char = ;code = 32 char = M;code = 77 char = O;code = 79 char = (;code = 40 char = 2;code = 50 char = a;code = 97 char = c;code = 99 char = t;code = 116 char = i;code = 105 char = v;code = 118 char = e;code = 101 char = );code = 41 char = ;code = 32 char = i;code = 105 char = n;code = 110 char = ;code = 32 char = b;code = 98 char = o;code = 111 char = t;code = 116 char = h;code = 104 char = ;code = 32 char = t;code = 116 char = h;code = 104 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = 2;code = 50 char = ;code = 32 char = a;code = 97 char = n;code = 110 char = d;code = 100 char = ;code = 32 char = 8;code = 56 char = m;code = 109 char = g;code = 103 char = L;code = 76 char = (;code = 40 char = -;code = 45 char = 1;code = 49 char = );code = 41 char = ;code = 32 char = w;code = 119 char = a;code = 97 char = t;code = 116 char = e;code = 101 char = r;code = 114 char = ;code = 32 char = [;code = 91 char = O;code = 79 char = (;code = 40 char = 2;code = 50 char = );code = 41 char = ];code = 93 char = ;code = 32 char = g;code = 103 char = r;code = 114 char = o;code = 111 char = u;code = 117 char = p;code = 112 char = s;code = 115 char = ;code = 32 char = a;code = 97 char = n;code = 110 char = d;code = 100 char = ;code = 32 char = a;code = 97 char = ;code = 32 char = s;code = 115 char = i;code = 105 char = g;code = 103 char = n;code = 110 char = i;code = 105 char = f;code = 102 char = i;code = 105 char = c;code = 99 char = a;code = 97 char = n;code = 110 char = t;code = 116 char = l;code = 108 char = y;code = 121 char = ;code = 32 char = h;code = 104 char = i;code = 105 char = g;code = 103 char = h;code = 104 char = e;code = 101 char = r;code = 114 char = ;code = 32 char = m;code = 109 char = e;code = 101 char = t;code = 116 char = a;code = 97 char = b;code = 98 char = o;code = 111 char = l;code = 108 char = i;code = 105 char = c;code = 99 char = ;code = 32 char = s;code = 115 char = c;code = 99 char = o;code = 111 char = p;code = 112 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = (;code = 40 char = M;code = 77 char = O;code = 79 char = (;code = 40 char = 2;code = 50 char = a;code = 97 char = c;code = 99 char = t;code = 116 char = i;code = 105 char = v;code = 118 char = e;code = 101 char = );code = 41 char = -;code = 45 char = M;code = 77 char = O;code = 79 char = (;code = 40 char = 2;code = 50 char = r;code = 114 char = e;code = 101 char = s;code = 115 char = t;code = 116 char = );code = 41 char = );code = 41 char = ;code = 32 char = i;code = 105 char = n;code = 110 char = ;code = 32 char = b;code = 98 char = o;code = 111 char = t;code = 116 char = h;code = 104 char = ;code = 32 char = t;code = 116 char = h;code = 104 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = 2;code = 50 char = ;code = 32 char = a;code = 97 char = n;code = 110 char = d;code = 100 char = ;code = 32 char = 4;code = 52 char = m;code = 109 char = g;code = 103 char = O;code = 79 char = (;code = 40 char = 2;code = 50 char = );code = 41 char = L;code = 76 char = (;code = 40 char = -;code = 45 char = 1;code = 49 char = );code = 41 char = ;code = 32 char = w;code = 119 char = a;code = 97 char = t;code = 116 char = e;code = 101 char = r;code = 114 char = ;code = 32 char = [;code = 91 char = O;code = 79 char = (;code = 40 char = 2;code = 50 char = );code = 41 char = ];code = 93 char = ;code = 32 char = g;code = 103 char = r;code = 114 char = o;code = 111 char = u;code = 117 char = p;code = 112 char = s;code = 115 char = ;code = 32 char = c;code = 99 char = o;code = 111 char = m;code = 109 char = p;code = 112 char = a;code = 97 char = r;code = 114 char = e;code = 101 char = d;code = 100 char = ;code = 32 char = t;code = 116 char = o;code = 111 char = ;code = 32 char = f;code = 102 char = a;code = 97 char = s;code = 115 char = t;code = 116 char = i;code = 105 char = n;code = 110 char = g;code = 103 char = ;code = 32 char = f;code = 102 char = i;code = 105 char = s;code = 115 char = h;code = 104 char = .;code = 46 char = ;code = 32 char = T;code = 84 char = h;code = 104 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = M;code = 77 char = O;code = 79 char = (;code = 40 char = 2;code = 50 char = );code = 41 char = ;code = 32 char = i;code = 105 char = n;code = 110 char = c;code = 99 char = r;code = 114 char = e;code = 101 char = a;code = 97 char = s;code = 115 char = e;code = 101 char = d;code = 100 char = ;code = 32 char = g;code = 103 char = r;code = 114 char = e;code = 101 char = a;code = 97 char = t;code = 116 char = l;code = 108 char = y;code = 121 char = ;code = 32 char = w;code = 119 char = i;code = 105 char = t;code = 116 char = h;code = 104 char = ;code = 32 char = s;code = 115 char = w;code = 119 char = i;code = 105 char = m;code = 109 char = m;code = 109 char = i;code = 105 char = n;code = 110 char = g;code = 103 char = ;code = 32 char = s;code = 115 char = p;code = 112 char = e;code = 101 char = e;code = 101 char = d;code = 100 char = ;code = 32 char = i;code = 105 char = n;code = 110 char = ;code = 32 char = t;code = 116 char = h;code = 104 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = h;code = 104 char = i;code = 105 char = g;code = 103 char = h;code = 104 char = e;code = 101 char = r;code = 114 char = ;code = 32 char = w;code = 119 char = a;code = 97 char = t;code = 116 char = e;code = 101 char = r;code = 114 char = ;code = 32 char = [;code = 91 char = O;code = 79 char = (;code = 40 char = 2;code = 50 char = );code = 41 char = ];code = 93 char = ;code = 32 char = g;code = 103 char = r;code = 114 char = o;code = 111 char = u;code = 117 char = p;code = 112 char = s;code = 115 char = ,;code = 44 char = ;code = 32 char = w;code = 119 char = h;code = 104 char = e;code = 101 char = r;code = 114 char = e;code = 101 char = a;code = 97 char = s;code = 115 char = ;code = 32 char = i;code = 105 char = t;code = 116 char = ;code = 32 char = l;code = 108 char = e;code = 101 char = v;code = 118 char = e;code = 101 char = l;code = 108 char = e;code = 101 char = d;code = 100 char = ;code = 32 char = o;code = 111 char = f;code = 102 char = f;code = 102 char = ;code = 32 char = a;code = 97 char = s;code = 115 char = ;code = 32 char = s;code = 115 char = w;code = 119 char = i;code = 105 char = m;code = 109 char = m;code = 109 char = i;code = 105 char = n;code = 110 char = g;code = 103 char = ;code = 32 char = s;code = 115 char = p;code = 112 char = e;code = 101 char = e;code = 101 char = d;code = 100 char = s;code = 115 char = ;code = 32 char = a;code = 97 char = p;code = 112 char = p;code = 112 char = r;code = 114 char = o;code = 111 char = a;code = 97 char = c;code = 99 char = h;code = 104 char = e;code = 101 char = d;code = 100 char = ;code = 32 char = t;code = 116 char = h;code = 104 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = U;code = 85 char = (;code = 40 char = c;code = 99 char = r;code = 114 char = i;code = 105 char = t;code = 116 char = );code = 41 char = ;code = 32 char = i;code = 105 char = n;code = 110 char = ;code = 32 char = t;code = 116 char = h;code = 104 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = l;code = 108 char = o;code = 111 char = w;code = 119 char = e;code = 101 char = r;code = 114 char = ;code = 32 char = w;code = 119 char = a;code = 97 char = t;code = 116 char = e;code = 101 char = r;code = 114 char = ;code = 32 char = [;code = 91 char = O;code = 79 char = (;code = 40 char = 2;code = 50 char = );code = 41 char = ];code = 93 char = ;code = 32 char = g;code = 103 char = r;code = 114 char = o;code = 111 char = u;code = 117 char = p;code = 112 char = s;code = 115 char = .;code = 46 char = ;code = 32 char = W;code = 87 char = i;code = 105 char = t;code = 116 char = h;code = 104 char = i;code = 105 char = n;code = 110 char = ;code = 32 char = a;code = 97 char = l;code = 108 char = l;code = 108 char = ;code = 32 char = w;code = 119 char = a;code = 97 char = t;code = 116 char = e;code = 101 char = r;code = 114 char = ;code = 32 char = [;code = 91 char = O;code = 79 char = (;code = 40 char = 2;code = 50 char = );code = 41 char = ];code = 93 char = ;code = 32 char = g;code = 103 char = r;code = 114 char = o;code = 111 char = u;code = 117 char = p;code = 112 char = s;code = 115 char = ,;code = 44 char = ;code = 32 char = f;code = 102 char = e;code = 101 char = e;code = 101 char = d;code = 100 char = i;code = 105 char = n;code = 110 char = g;code = 103 char = ;code = 32 char = c;code = 99 char = a;code = 97 char = u;code = 117 char = s;code = 115 char = e;code = 101 char = d;code = 100 char = ;code = 32 char = a;code = 97 char = ;code = 32 char = h;code = 104 char = i;code = 105 char = g;code = 103 char = h;code = 104 char = e;code = 101 char = r;code = 114 char = ;code = 32 char = M;code = 77 char = O;code = 79 char = (;code = 40 char = 2;code = 50 char = );code = 41 char = ;code = 32 char = c;code = 99 char = o;code = 111 char = m;code = 109 char = p;code = 112 char = a;code = 97 char = r;code = 114 char = e;code = 101 char = d;code = 100 char = ;code = 32 char = t;code = 116 char = o;code = 111 char = ;code = 32 char = f;code = 102 char = a;code = 97 char = s;code = 115 char = t;code = 116 char = i;code = 105 char = n;code = 110 char = g;code = 103 char = ;code = 32 char = f;code = 102 char = i;code = 105 char = s;code = 115 char = h;code = 104 char = ;code = 32 char = w;code = 119 char = h;code = 104 char = e;code = 101 char = n;code = 110 char = ;code = 32 char = f;code = 102 char = i;code = 105 char = s;code = 115 char = h;code = 104 char = ;code = 32 char = s;code = 115 char = w;code = 119 char = a;code = 97 char = m;code = 109 char = ;code = 32 char = a;code = 97 char = t;code = 116 char = ;code = 32 char = t;code = 116 char = h;code = 104 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = s;code = 115 char = a;code = 97 char = m;code = 109 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = s;code = 115 char = p;code = 112 char = e;code = 101 char = e;code = 101 char = d;code = 100 char = s;code = 115 char = ,;code = 44 char = ;code = 32 char = e;code = 101 char = x;code = 120 char = c;code = 99 char = e;code = 101 char = p;code = 112 char = t;code = 116 char = ;code = 32 char = i;code = 105 char = n;code = 110 char = ;code = 32 char = t;code = 116 char = h;code = 104 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = 1;code = 49 char = m;code = 109 char = g;code = 103 char = O;code = 79 char = (;code = 40 char = 2;code = 50 char = );code = 41 char = L;code = 76 char = (;code = 40 char = -;code = 45 char = 1;code = 49 char = );code = 41 char = ;code = 32 char = g;code = 103 char = r;code = 114 char = o;code = 111 char = u;code = 117 char = p;code = 112 char = .;code = 46 char = ;code = 32 char = T;code = 84 char = h;code = 104 char = i;code = 105 char = s;code = 115 char = ;code = 32 char = f;code = 102 char = i;code = 105 char = n;code = 110 char = d;code = 100 char = i;code = 105 char = n;code = 110 char = g;code = 103 char = ;code = 32 char = s;code = 115 char = h;code = 104 char = o;code = 111 char = w;code = 119 char = e;code = 101 char = d;code = 100 char = ;code = 32 char = t;code = 116 char = h;code = 104 char = a;code = 97 char = t;code = 116 char = ;code = 32 char = t;code = 116 char = h;code = 104 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = c;code = 99 char = r;code = 114 char = i;code = 105 char = t;code = 116 char = i;code = 105 char = c;code = 99 char = a;code = 97 char = l;code = 108 char = ;code = 32 char = w;code = 119 char = a;code = 97 char = t;code = 116 char = e;code = 101 char = r;code = 114 char = ;code = 32 char = [;code = 91 char = O;code = 79 char = (;code = 40 char = 2;code = 50 char = );code = 41 char = ];code = 93 char = ;code = 32 char = f;code = 102 char = o;code = 111 char = r;code = 114 char = ;code = 32 char = m;code = 109 char = a;code = 97 char = i;code = 105 char = n;code = 110 char = t;code = 116 char = e;code = 101 char = n;code = 110 char = a;code = 97 char = n;code = 110 char = c;code = 99 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = o;code = 111 char = f;code = 102 char = ;code = 32 char = m;code = 109 char = e;code = 101 char = t;code = 116 char = a;code = 97 char = b;code = 98 char = o;code = 111 char = l;code = 108 char = i;code = 105 char = s;code = 115 char = m;code = 109 char = ,;code = 44 char = ;code = 32 char = d;code = 100 char = i;code = 105 char = g;code = 103 char = e;code = 101 char = s;code = 115 char = t;code = 116 char = i;code = 105 char = o;code = 111 char = n;code = 110 char = ,;code = 44 char = ;code = 32 char = s;code = 115 char = w;code = 119 char = i;code = 105 char = m;code = 109 char = m;code = 109 char = i;code = 105 char = n;code = 110 char = g;code = 103 char = ;code = 32 char = a;code = 97 char = n;code = 110 char = d;code = 100 char = ;code = 32 char = p;code = 112 char = o;code = 111 char = s;code = 115 char = t;code = 116 char = p;code = 112 char = r;code = 114 char = a;code = 97 char = n;code = 110 char = d;code = 100 char = i;code = 105 char = a;code = 97 char = l;code = 108 char = ;code = 32 char = s;code = 115 char = w;code = 119 char = i;code = 105 char = m;code = 109 char = m;code = 109 char = i;code = 105 char = n;code = 110 char = g;code = 103 char = ;code = 32 char = i;code = 105 char = n;code = 110 char = c;code = 99 char = r;code = 114 char = e;code = 101 char = a;code = 97 char = s;code = 115 char = e;code = 101 char = d;code = 100 char = ;code = 32 char = s;code = 115 char = e;code = 101 char = q;code = 113 char = u;code = 117 char = e;code = 101 char = n;code = 110 char = t;code = 116 char = i;code = 105 char = a;code = 97 char = l;code = 108 char = l;code = 108 char = y;code = 121 char = ;code = 32 char = d;code = 100 char = u;code = 117 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = t;code = 116 char = o;code = 111 char = ;code = 32 char = t;code = 116 char = h;code = 104 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = i;code = 105 char = n;code = 110 char = c;code = 99 char = r;code = 114 char = e;code = 101 char = a;code = 97 char = s;code = 115 char = i;code = 105 char = n;code = 110 char = g;code = 103 char = ;code = 32 char = O;code = 79 char = (;code = 40 char = 2;code = 50 char = );code = 41 char = ;code = 32 char = d;code = 100 char = e;code = 101 char = m;code = 109 char = a;code = 97 char = n;code = 110 char = d;code = 100 char = ,;code = 44 char = ;code = 32 char = w;code = 119 char = h;code = 104 char = i;code = 105 char = c;code = 99 char = h;code = 104 char = ;code = 32 char = c;code = 99 char = h;code = 104 char = a;code = 97 char = l;code = 108 char = l;code = 108 char = e;code = 101 char = n;code = 110 char = g;code = 103 char = e;code = 101 char = s;code = 115 char = ;code = 32 char = r;code = 114 char = e;code = 101 char = s;code = 115 char = p;code = 112 char = i;code = 105 char = r;code = 114 char = a;code = 97 char = t;code = 116 char = o;code = 111 char = r;code = 114 char = y;code = 121 char = ;code = 32 char = c;code = 99 char = a;code = 97 char = p;code = 112 char = a;code = 97 char = c;code = 99 char = i;code = 105 char = t;code = 116 char = y;code = 121 char = .;code = 46 char = ;code = 32 char = W;code = 87 char = i;code = 105 char = t;code = 116 char = h;code = 104 char = ;code = 32 char = t;code = 116 char = h;code = 104 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = a;code = 97 char = d;code = 100 char = m;code = 109 char = i;code = 105 char = n;code = 110 char = i;code = 105 char = s;code = 115 char = t;code = 116 char = r;code = 114 char = a;code = 97 char = t;code = 116 char = i;code = 105 char = o;code = 111 char = n;code = 110 char = ;code = 32 char = o;code = 111 char = f;code = 102 char = ;code = 32 char = t;code = 116 char = h;code = 104 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = m;code = 109 char = e;code = 101 char = d;code = 100 char = i;code = 105 char = u;code = 117 char = m;code = 109 char = -;code = 45 char = s;code = 115 char = i;code = 105 char = z;code = 122 char = e;code = 101 char = d;code = 100 char = ;code = 32 char = m;code = 109 char = e;code = 101 char = a;code = 97 char = l;code = 108 char = ;code = 32 char = t;code = 116 char = h;code = 104 char = a;code = 97 char = t;code = 116 char = ;code = 32 char = w;code = 119 char = a;code = 97 char = s;code = 115 char = ;code = 32 char = u;code = 117 char = s;code = 115 char = e;code = 101 char = d;code = 100 char = ;code = 32 char = i;code = 105 char = n;code = 110 char = ;code = 32 char = t;code = 116 char = h;code = 104 char = i;code = 105 char = s;code = 115 char = ;code = 32 char = s;code = 115 char = t;code = 116 char = u;code = 117 char = d;code = 100 char = y;code = 121 char = ,;code = 44 char = ;code = 32 char = t;code = 116 char = h;code = 104 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = m;code = 109 char = e;code = 101 char = t;code = 116 char = a;code = 97 char = b;code = 98 char = o;code = 111 char = l;code = 108 char = i;code = 105 char = c;code = 99 char = ;code = 32 char = m;code = 109 char = o;code = 111 char = d;code = 100 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = o;code = 111 char = f;code = 102 char = ;code = 32 char = j;code = 106 char = u;code = 117 char = v;code = 118 char = e;code = 101 char = n;code = 110 char = i;code = 105 char = l;code = 108 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = s;code = 115 char = o;code = 111 char = u;code = 117 char = t;code = 116 char = h;code = 104 char = e;code = 101 char = r;code = 114 char = n;code = 110 char = ;code = 32 char = c;code = 99 char = a;code = 97 char = t;code = 116 char = f;code = 102 char = i;code = 105 char = s;code = 115 char = h;code = 104 char = ;code = 32 char = c;code = 99 char = h;code = 104 char = a;code = 97 char = n;code = 110 char = g;code = 103 char = e;code = 101 char = d;code = 100 char = ;code = 32 char = f;code = 102 char = r;code = 114 char = o;code = 111 char = m;code = 109 char = ;code = 32 char = a;code = 97 char = n;code = 110 char = ;code = 32 char = a;code = 97 char = d;code = 100 char = d;code = 100 char = i;code = 105 char = t;code = 116 char = i;code = 105 char = v;code = 118 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = m;code = 109 char = o;code = 111 char = d;code = 100 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = d;code = 100 char = u;code = 117 char = r;code = 114 char = i;code = 105 char = n;code = 110 char = g;code = 103 char = ;code = 32 char = n;code = 110 char = o;code = 111 char = r;code = 114 char = m;code = 109 char = o;code = 111 char = x;code = 120 char = i;code = 105 char = a;code = 97 char = ;code = 32 char = t;code = 116 char = o;code = 111 char = ;code = 32 char = a;code = 97 char = ;code = 32 char = d;code = 100 char = i;code = 105 char = g;code = 103 char = e;code = 101 char = s;code = 115 char = t;code = 116 char = i;code = 105 char = o;code = 111 char = n;code = 110 char = -;code = 45 char = p;code = 112 char = r;code = 114 char = i;code = 105 char = o;code = 111 char = r;code = 114 char = i;code = 105 char = t;code = 116 char = y;code = 121 char = ;code = 32 char = m;code = 109 char = o;code = 111 char = d;code = 100 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = u;code = 117 char = n;code = 110 char = d;code = 100 char = e;code = 101 char = r;code = 114 char = ;code = 32 char = m;code = 109 char = o;code = 111 char = d;code = 100 char = e;code = 101 char = r;code = 114 char = a;code = 97 char = t;code = 116 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = h;code = 104 char = y;code = 121 char = p;code = 112 char = o;code = 111 char = x;code = 120 char = i;code = 105 char = a;code = 97 char = ;code = 32 char = a;code = 97 char = n;code = 110 char = d;code = 100 char = ;code = 32 char = t;code = 116 char = o;code = 111 char = ;code = 32 char = l;code = 108 char = o;code = 111 char = c;code = 99 char = o;code = 111 char = m;code = 109 char = o;code = 111 char = t;code = 116 char = i;code = 105 char = o;code = 111 char = n;code = 110 char = -;code = 45 char = p;code = 112 char = r;code = 114 char = i;code = 105 char = o;code = 111 char = r;code = 114 char = i;code = 105 char = t;code = 116 char = y;code = 121 char = ;code = 32 char = m;code = 109 char = o;code = 111 char = d;code = 100 char = e;code = 101 char = ;code = 32 char = u;code = 117 char = n;code = 110 char = d;code = 100 char = e;code = 101 char = r;code = 114 char = ;code = 32 char = h;code = 104 char = y;code = 121 char = p;code = 112 char = o;code = 111 char = x;code = 120 char = i;code = 105 char = a;code = 97 char = .;code = 46 char = <;code = 60 char = b;code = 98 char = r;code = 114 char = /;code = 47 char = >;code = 62 result sql = To investigate the effect of dissolved oxygen level ([O(2)]) on maintenance metabolism, feeding metabolism, aerobic swimming performance and their metabolic interaction in juvenile southern catfish (Silurus meridionalis Chen), we measured the following: (1) the resting oxygen consumption rate (MO(2rest)) over a range of water [O(2)] and from this we calculated the critical oxygen tension (P(crit)) of fasting fish; (2) the postprandial MO(2) response (10% body mass meal size) at water [O(2)] of 1, 2, 4 and 8mgO(2)L(-1); and (3) the swimming performance of fasting and digesting fish at water [O(2)] of 1, 2, 4 and 8mgO(2)L(-1) at 25 degrees C. The MO(2rest) remained constant over a broad range of water [O(2)] but then dropped markedly upon reaching the P(crit) (16.4% saturation). Hypoxic groups presented lower peak postprandial MO(2) (MO(2peak)) (1mgO(2)L(-1) group), larger energy expenditure and longer digestive process (both 1 and 2mgO(2)L(-1)) than those of normoxic groups. Both critical swimming speed (U(crit)) and the active metabolic rate (MO(2active)) of fasting fish remained unchanged over a decrease in water [O(2)] from 8 to 4mgO(2)L(-1) and then decreased significantly with further decreases in water [O(2)]. These parameters in fed fish showed a pronounced decrease as water [O(2)] decreased from 8 to 1mgO(2)L(-1). Feeding caused a significantly lower U(crit) in the 2mgO(2)L(-1) water [O(2)] group, a significantly higher MO(2active) in both the 2 and 8mgL(-1) water [O(2)] groups and a significantly higher metabolic scope (MO(2active)-MO(2rest)) in both the 2 and 4mgO(2)L(-1) water [O(2)] groups compared to fasting fish. The MO(2) increased greatly with swimming speed in the higher water [O(2)] groups, whereas it leveled off as swimming speeds approached the U(crit) in the lower water [O(2)] groups. Within all water [O(2)] groups, feeding caused a higher MO(2) compared to fasting fish when fish swam at the same speeds, except in the 1mgO(2)L(-1) group. This finding showed that the critical water [O(2)] for maintenance of metabolism, digestion, swimming and postprandial swimming increased sequentially due to the increasing O(2) demand, which challenges respiratory capacity. With the administration of the medium-sized meal that was used in this study, the metabolic mode of juvenile southern catfish changed from an additive mode during normoxia to a digestion-priority mode under moderate hypoxia and to locomotion-priority mode under hypoxia.
Publication: Comp. Biochem. Physiol., Part A Mol. Integr. Physiol. 2010 Nov ;157(3)::212-9. :doi: 10.1016/j.cbpa.2010.06.184.
Publication Date: 2010 Nov
Study Author(s): Zhang, Wei;Cao, Zhen-Dong;Peng, Jiang-Lan;Chen, Bo-Jian;Fu, Shi-Jian;
Institution: Laboratory of Evolutionary Physiology and Behaviour, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Animal Biology, Chongqing Normal University, Chongqing, 400047, China.
Shortcut link to this study:
To investigate the effect of dissolved oxygen level ([O(2)]) on maintenance metabolism, feeding metabolism, aerobic swimming performance and their metabolic interaction in juvenile southern catfish (Silurus meridionalis Chen), we measured the following: (1) the resting oxygen consumption rate (MO(2rest)) over a range of water [O(2)] and from this we calculated the critical oxygen tension (P(crit)) of fasting fish; (2) the postprandial MO(2) response (10% body mass meal size) at water [O(2)] of 1, 2, 4 and 8mgO(2)L(-1); and (3) the swimming performance of fasting and digesting fish at water [O(2)] of 1, 2, 4 and 8mgO(2)L(-1) at 25 degrees C. The MO(2rest) remained constant over a broad range of water [O(2)] but then dropped markedly upon reaching the P(crit) (16.4% saturation). Hypoxic groups presented lower peak postprandial MO(2) (MO(2peak)) (1mgO(2)L(-1) group), larger energy expenditure and longer digestive process (both 1 and 2mgO(2)L(-1)) than those of normoxic groups. Both critical swimming speed (U(crit)) and the active metabolic rate (MO(2active)) of fasting fish remained unchanged over a decrease in water [O(2)] from 8 to 4mgO(2)L(-1) and then decreased significantly with further decreases in water [O(2)]. These parameters in fed fish showed a pronounced decrease as water [O(2)] decreased from 8 to 1mgO(2)L(-1). Feeding caused a significantly lower U(crit) in the 2mgO(2)L(-1) water [O(2)] group, a significantly higher MO(2active) in both the 2 and 8mgL(-1) water [O(2)] groups and a significantly higher metabolic scope (MO(2active)-MO(2rest)) in both the 2 and 4mgO(2)L(-1) water [O(2)] groups compared to fasting fish. The MO(2) increased greatly with swimming speed in the higher water [O(2)] groups, whereas it leveled off as swimming speeds approached the U(crit) in the lower water [O(2)] groups. Within all water [O(2)] groups, feeding caused a higher MO(2) compared to fasting fish when fish swam at the same speeds, except in the 1mgO(2)L(-1) group. This finding showed that the critical water [O(2)] for maintenance of metabolism, digestion, swimming and postprandial swimming increased sequentially due to the increasing O(2) demand, which challenges respiratory capacity. With the administration of the medium-sized meal that was used in this study, the metabolic mode of juvenile southern catfish changed from an additive mode during normoxia to a digestion-priority mode under moderate hypoxia and to locomotion-priority mode under hypoxia.
PMID: 20601052