|
|
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result sql = Screening for lupus anticoagulant: improving the performance of the lupus-sensitive PTT-LA.
Screening for lupus anticoagulant: improving the performance of the lupus-sensitive PTT-LA.char = <;code = 60
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char = S;code = 83
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char = e;code = 101
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = s;code = 115
char = t;code = 116
char = u;code = 117
char = d;code = 100
char = i;code = 105
char = e;code = 101
char = d;code = 100
char = .;code = 46
char = ;code = 32
char = F;code = 70
char = o;code = 111
char = l;code = 108
char = l;code = 108
char = o;code = 111
char = w;code = 119
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = g;code = 103
char = ;code = 32
char = s;code = 115
char = c;code = 99
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = e;code = 101
char = n;code = 110
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = g;code = 103
char = ;code = 32
char = s;code = 115
char = t;code = 116
char = r;code = 114
char = a;code = 97
char = t;code = 116
char = e;code = 101
char = g;code = 103
char = i;code = 105
char = e;code = 101
char = s;code = 115
char = ;code = 32
char = w;code = 119
char = e;code = 101
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = e;code = 101
char = m;code = 109
char = p;code = 112
char = l;code = 108
char = o;code = 111
char = y;code = 121
char = e;code = 101
char = d;code = 100
char = :;code = 58
char = ;code = 32
char = P;code = 80
char = a;code = 97
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = r;code = 114
char = o;code = 111
char = m;code = 109
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = -;code = 45
char = S;code = 83
char = L;code = 76
char = ;code = 32
char = (;code = 40
char = a;code = 97
char = P;code = 80
char = T;code = 84
char = T;code = 84
char = -;code = 45
char = S;code = 83
char = L;code = 76
char = );code = 41
char = ,;code = 44
char = ;code = 32
char = P;code = 80
char = T;code = 84
char = T;code = 84
char = -;code = 45
char = L;code = 76
char = A;code = 65
char = ;code = 32
char = (;code = 40
char = a;code = 97
char = P;code = 80
char = T;code = 84
char = T;code = 84
char = -;code = 45
char = L;code = 76
char = A;code = 65
char = );code = 41
char = ,;code = 44
char = ;code = 32
char = r;code = 114
char = a;code = 97
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = o;code = 111
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = P;code = 80
char = T;code = 84
char = T;code = 84
char = -;code = 45
char = L;code = 76
char = A;code = 65
char = /;code = 47
char = a;code = 97
char = P;code = 80
char = T;code = 84
char = T;code = 84
char = -;code = 45
char = S;code = 83
char = L;code = 76
char = ;code = 32
char = (;code = 40
char = a;code = 97
char = P;code = 80
char = T;code = 84
char = T;code = 84
char = -;code = 45
char = r;code = 114
char = a;code = 97
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = o;code = 111
char = );code = 41
char = ,;code = 44
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = n;code = 110
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = R;code = 82
char = u;code = 117
char = s;code = 115
char = s;code = 115
char = e;code = 101
char = l;code = 108
char = l;code = 108
char = ';code = 39
char = s;code = 115
char = ;code = 32
char = v;code = 118
char = i;code = 105
char = p;code = 112
char = e;code = 101
char = r;code = 114
char = ;code = 32
char = v;code = 118
char = e;code = 101
char = n;code = 110
char = o;code = 111
char = m;code = 109
char = ;code = 32
char = (;code = 40
char = R;code = 82
char = V;code = 86
char = V;code = 86
char = );code = 41
char = ;code = 32
char = b;code = 98
char = a;code = 97
char = s;code = 115
char = e;code = 101
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = L;code = 76
char = A;code = 65
char = -;code = 45
char = C;code = 67
char = h;code = 104
char = e;code = 101
char = c;code = 99
char = k;code = 107
char = .;code = 46
char = ;code = 32
char = L;code = 76
char = A;code = 65
char = ;code = 32
char = p;code = 112
char = o;code = 111
char = s;code = 115
char = i;code = 105
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = v;code = 118
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = s;code = 115
char = a;code = 97
char = m;code = 109
char = p;code = 112
char = l;code = 108
char = e;code = 101
char = s;code = 115
char = ;code = 32
char = w;code = 119
char = e;code = 101
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = i;code = 105
char = d;code = 100
char = e;code = 101
char = n;code = 110
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = f;code = 102
char = i;code = 105
char = e;code = 101
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = b;code = 98
char = y;code = 121
char = ;code = 32
char = m;code = 109
char = i;code = 105
char = x;code = 120
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = g;code = 103
char = ;code = 32
char = s;code = 115
char = t;code = 116
char = u;code = 117
char = d;code = 100
char = i;code = 105
char = e;code = 101
char = s;code = 115
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = n;code = 110
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = d;code = 100
char = i;code = 105
char = l;code = 108
char = u;code = 117
char = t;code = 116
char = e;code = 101
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = R;code = 82
char = V;code = 86
char = V;code = 86
char = ;code = 32
char = c;code = 99
char = o;code = 111
char = n;code = 110
char = f;code = 102
char = i;code = 105
char = r;code = 114
char = m;code = 109
char = a;code = 97
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = o;code = 111
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = e;code = 101
char = s;code = 115
char = t;code = 116
char = ;code = 32
char = (;code = 40
char = L;code = 76
char = A;code = 65
char = -;code = 45
char = C;code = 67
char = h;code = 104
char = e;code = 101
char = c;code = 99
char = k;code = 107
char = /;code = 47
char = L;code = 76
char = A;code = 65
char = -;code = 45
char = S;code = 83
char = u;code = 117
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = );code = 41
char = .;code = 46
char = <;code = 60
char = b;code = 98
char = r;code = 114
char = /;code = 47
char = >;code = 62
char = <;code = 60
char = b;code = 98
char = r;code = 114
char = /;code = 47
char = >;code = 62
char = <;code = 60
char = b;code = 98
char = >;code = 62
char = R;code = 82
char = E;code = 69
char = S;code = 83
char = U;code = 85
char = L;code = 76
char = T;code = 84
char = S;code = 83
char = ;code = 32
char = :;code = 58
char = ;code = 32
char = <;code = 60
char = /;code = 47
char = b;code = 98
char = >;code = 62
char = P;code = 80
char = i;code = 105
char = l;code = 108
char = o;code = 111
char = t;code = 116
char = ;code = 32
char = s;code = 115
char = t;code = 116
char = u;code = 117
char = d;code = 100
char = y;code = 121
char = :;code = 58
char = ;code = 32
char = A;code = 65
char = l;code = 108
char = l;code = 108
char = ;code = 32
char = s;code = 115
char = c;code = 99
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = e;code = 101
char = n;code = 110
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = g;code = 103
char = ;code = 32
char = s;code = 115
char = t;code = 116
char = r;code = 114
char = a;code = 97
char = t;code = 116
char = e;code = 101
char = g;code = 103
char = i;code = 105
char = e;code = 101
char = s;code = 115
char = ;code = 32
char = h;code = 104
char = a;code = 97
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = ;code = 32
char = 1;code = 49
char = 0;code = 48
char = 0;code = 48
char = %;code = 37
char = ;code = 32
char = s;code = 115
char = e;code = 101
char = n;code = 110
char = s;code = 115
char = i;code = 105
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = v;code = 118
char = i;code = 105
char = t;code = 116
char = y;code = 121
char = ,;code = 44
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = n;code = 110
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = P;code = 80
char = T;code = 84
char = T;code = 84
char = -;code = 45
char = r;code = 114
char = a;code = 97
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = o;code = 111
char = ;code = 32
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = a;code = 97
char = c;code = 99
char = h;code = 104
char = e;code = 101
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = h;code = 104
char = i;code = 105
char = g;code = 103
char = h;code = 104
char = e;code = 101
char = s;code = 115
char = t;code = 116
char = ;code = 32
char = s;code = 115
char = p;code = 112
char = e;code = 101
char = c;code = 99
char = i;code = 105
char = f;code = 102
char = i;code = 105
char = c;code = 99
char = i;code = 105
char = t;code = 116
char = y;code = 121
char = ;code = 32
char = (;code = 40
char = 8;code = 56
char = 2;code = 50
char = %;code = 37
char = ;;code = 59
char = ;code = 32
char = 9;code = 57
char = 5;code = 53
char = %;code = 37
char = C;code = 67
char = I;code = 73
char = :;code = 58
char = ;code = 32
char = 7;code = 55
char = 4;code = 52
char = -;code = 45
char = 9;code = 57
char = 0;code = 48
char = %;code = 37
char = );code = 41
char = .;code = 46
char = ;code = 32
char = W;code = 87
char = i;code = 105
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = e;code = 101
char = v;code = 118
char = a;code = 97
char = l;code = 108
char = u;code = 117
char = a;code = 97
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = o;code = 111
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
char = s;code = 115
char = t;code = 116
char = u;code = 117
char = d;code = 100
char = y;code = 121
char = ,;code = 44
char = ;code = 32
char = f;code = 102
char = o;code = 111
char = l;code = 108
char = l;code = 108
char = o;code = 111
char = w;code = 119
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = g;code = 103
char = ;code = 32
char = s;code = 115
char = e;code = 101
char = n;code = 110
char = s;code = 115
char = i;code = 105
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = v;code = 118
char = i;code = 105
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = e;code = 101
char = s;code = 115
char = ;code = 32
char = f;code = 102
char = o;code = 111
char = r;code = 114
char = ;code = 32
char = L;code = 76
char = A;code = 65
char = ;code = 32
char = s;code = 115
char = c;code = 99
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = e;code = 101
char = n;code = 110
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = g;code = 103
char = ;code = 32
char = w;code = 119
char = e;code = 101
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = o;code = 111
char = b;code = 98
char = s;code = 115
char = e;code = 101
char = r;code = 114
char = v;code = 118
char = e;code = 101
char = d;code = 100
char = :;code = 58
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = P;code = 80
char = T;code = 84
char = T;code = 84
char = -;code = 45
char = S;code = 83
char = L;code = 76
char = ;code = 32
char = 5;code = 53
char = 9;code = 57
char = .;code = 46
char = 0;code = 48
char = %;code = 37
char = ;code = 32
char = (;code = 40
char = 9;code = 57
char = 5;code = 53
char = %;code = 37
char = C;code = 67
char = I;code = 73
char = :;code = 58
char = ;code = 32
char = 5;code = 53
char = 7;code = 55
char = -;code = 45
char = 6;code = 54
char = 1;code = 49
char = %;code = 37
char = );code = 41
char = ,;code = 44
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = P;code = 80
char = T;code = 84
char = T;code = 84
char = -;code = 45
char = L;code = 76
char = A;code = 65
char = ;code = 32
char = 8;code = 56
char = 2;code = 50
char = .;code = 46
char = 1;code = 49
char = %;code = 37
char = ;code = 32
char = (;code = 40
char = 9;code = 57
char = 5;code = 53
char = %;code = 37
char = C;code = 67
char = I;code = 73
char = :;code = 58
char = ;code = 32
char = 8;code = 56
char = 0;code = 48
char = -;code = 45
char = 8;code = 56
char = 4;code = 52
char = %;code = 37
char = );code = 41
char = ,;code = 44
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = P;code = 80
char = T;code = 84
char = T;code = 84
char = -;code = 45
char = r;code = 114
char = a;code = 97
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = o;code = 111
char = ;code = 32
char = 9;code = 57
char = 2;code = 50
char = .;code = 46
char = 3;code = 51
char = %;code = 37
char = ;code = 32
char = (;code = 40
char = 9;code = 57
char = 5;code = 53
char = %;code = 37
char = C;code = 67
char = I;code = 73
char = :;code = 58
char = ;code = 32
char = 9;code = 57
char = 1;code = 49
char = -;code = 45
char = 9;code = 57
char = 4;code = 52
char = );code = 41
char = ,;code = 44
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = n;code = 110
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = L;code = 76
char = A;code = 65
char = -;code = 45
char = C;code = 67
char = h;code = 104
char = e;code = 101
char = c;code = 99
char = k;code = 107
char = ;code = 32
char = 8;code = 56
char = 3;code = 51
char = .;code = 46
char = 3;code = 51
char = %;code = 37
char = ;code = 32
char = (;code = 40
char = 9;code = 57
char = 5;code = 53
char = %;code = 37
char = C;code = 67
char = I;code = 73
char = :;code = 58
char = ;code = 32
char = 8;code = 56
char = 2;code = 50
char = -;code = 45
char = 8;code = 56
char = 5;code = 53
char = %;code = 37
char = );code = 41
char = .;code = 46
char = <;code = 60
char = b;code = 98
char = r;code = 114
char = /;code = 47
char = >;code = 62
char = <;code = 60
char = b;code = 98
char = r;code = 114
char = /;code = 47
char = >;code = 62
char = <;code = 60
char = b;code = 98
char = >;code = 62
char = C;code = 67
char = O;code = 79
char = N;code = 78
char = C;code = 67
char = L;code = 76
char = U;code = 85
char = S;code = 83
char = I;code = 73
char = O;code = 79
char = N;code = 78
char = ;code = 32
char = :;code = 58
char = ;code = 32
char = <;code = 60
char = /;code = 47
char = b;code = 98
char = >;code = 62
char = C;code = 67
char = a;code = 97
char = l;code = 108
char = c;code = 99
char = u;code = 117
char = l;code = 108
char = a;code = 97
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = g;code = 103
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = ;code = 32
char = r;code = 114
char = a;code = 97
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = o;code = 111
char = ;code = 32
char = b;code = 98
char = e;code = 101
char = t;code = 116
char = w;code = 119
char = e;code = 101
char = e;code = 101
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = L;code = 76
char = A;code = 65
char = -;code = 45
char = s;code = 115
char = e;code = 101
char = n;code = 110
char = s;code = 115
char = i;code = 105
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = v;code = 118
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = P;code = 80
char = T;code = 84
char = T;code = 84
char = -;code = 45
char = L;code = 76
char = A;code = 65
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = n;code = 110
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = l;code = 108
char = e;code = 101
char = s;code = 115
char = s;code = 115
char = ;code = 32
char = s;code = 115
char = e;code = 101
char = n;code = 110
char = s;code = 115
char = i;code = 105
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = v;code = 118
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = P;code = 80
char = a;code = 97
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = r;code = 114
char = o;code = 111
char = m;code = 109
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = -;code = 45
char = S;code = 83
char = L;code = 76
char = ;code = 32
char = i;code = 105
char = m;code = 109
char = p;code = 112
char = r;code = 114
char = o;code = 111
char = v;code = 118
char = e;code = 101
char = s;code = 115
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = p;code = 112
char = e;code = 101
char = r;code = 114
char = f;code = 102
char = o;code = 111
char = r;code = 114
char = m;code = 109
char = a;code = 97
char = n;code = 110
char = c;code = 99
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = o;code = 111
char = f;code = 102
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = P;code = 80
char = T;code = 84
char = T;code = 84
char = -;code = 45
char = L;code = 76
char = A;code = 65
char = ;code = 32
char = i;code = 105
char = t;code = 116
char = s;code = 115
char = e;code = 101
char = l;code = 108
char = f;code = 102
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = n;code = 110
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = p;code = 112
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = s;code = 115
char = e;code = 101
char = n;code = 110
char = t;code = 116
char = s;code = 115
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = ;code = 32
char = s;code = 115
char = i;code = 105
char = m;code = 109
char = p;code = 112
char = l;code = 108
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = n;code = 110
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = s;code = 115
char = e;code = 101
char = n;code = 110
char = s;code = 115
char = i;code = 105
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = v;code = 118
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = P;code = 80
char = T;code = 84
char = T;code = 84
char = -;code = 45
char = b;code = 98
char = a;code = 97
char = s;code = 115
char = e;code = 101
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = t;code = 116
char = e;code = 101
char = g;code = 103
char = r;code = 114
char = a;code = 97
char = t;code = 116
char = e;code = 101
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = s;code = 115
char = t;code = 116
char = r;code = 114
char = a;code = 97
char = t;code = 116
char = e;code = 101
char = g;code = 103
char = y;code = 121
char = ;code = 32
char = f;code = 102
char = o;code = 111
char = r;code = 114
char = ;code = 32
char = L;code = 76
char = A;code = 65
char = ;code = 32
char = s;code = 115
char = c;code = 99
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = e;code = 101
char = n;code = 110
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
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result sql = INTRODUCTION : The aim of the present work was to verify whether calculating a ratio between clotting times obtained with the sensitive PTT-LA and a less sensitive activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT)-reagent may represent a valuable aPTT-based screening strategy for lupus anticoagulants (LA).
METHODS : For the pilot study, plasma samples from normal subjects (n = 15) and from patients with LA (n = 10), therapeutic anticoagulation with vitamin K-antagonists (VKA) (n = 15) or unfractionated heparin (n = 15), coagulation factors deficiency (n = 16), and inhibitory antibodies against factor VIII or IX (n = 11) were studied. For the evaluation study, 1553 consecutive plasma samples from nonanticoagulated patients investigated for LA between January 2005 and December 2007 at our institution were studied. Following screening strategies were employed: Pathromtin-SL (aPTT-SL), PTT-LA (aPTT-LA), ratio aPTT-LA/aPTT-SL (aPTT-ratio), and Russell's viper venom (RVV) based LA-Check. LA positive samples were identified by mixing studies and diluted RVV confirmation test (LA-Check/LA-Sure).
RESULTS : Pilot study: All screening strategies had a 100% sensitivity, and the aPTT-ratio reached the highest specificity (82%; 95%CI: 74-90%). Within the evaluation study, following sensitivities for LA screening were observed: aPTT-SL 59.0% (95%CI: 57-61%), aPTT-LA 82.1% (95%CI: 80-84%), aPTT-ratio 92.3% (95%CI: 91-94), and LA-Check 83.3% (95%CI: 82-85%).
CONCLUSION : Calculating a ratio between the LA-sensitive PTT-LA and the less sensitive Pathromtin-SL improves the performance of the PTT-LA itself and represents a simple and sensitive aPTT-based integrated strategy for LA screening.
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result sql = Screening for lupus anticoagulant: improving the performance of the lupus-sensitive PTT-LA.
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char = a;code = 97
char = r;code = 114
char = y;code = 121
char = ;code = 32
char = 2;code = 50
char = 0;code = 48
char = 0;code = 48
char = 5;code = 53
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = n;code = 110
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = D;code = 68
char = e;code = 101
char = c;code = 99
char = e;code = 101
char = m;code = 109
char = b;code = 98
char = e;code = 101
char = r;code = 114
char = ;code = 32
char = 2;code = 50
char = 0;code = 48
char = 0;code = 48
char = 7;code = 55
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = t;code = 116
char = ;code = 32
char = o;code = 111
char = u;code = 117
char = r;code = 114
char = ;code = 32
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = s;code = 115
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = t;code = 116
char = u;code = 117
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = o;code = 111
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
char = w;code = 119
char = e;code = 101
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = s;code = 115
char = t;code = 116
char = u;code = 117
char = d;code = 100
char = i;code = 105
char = e;code = 101
char = d;code = 100
char = .;code = 46
char = ;code = 32
char = F;code = 70
char = o;code = 111
char = l;code = 108
char = l;code = 108
char = o;code = 111
char = w;code = 119
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = g;code = 103
char = ;code = 32
char = s;code = 115
char = c;code = 99
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = e;code = 101
char = n;code = 110
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = g;code = 103
char = ;code = 32
char = s;code = 115
char = t;code = 116
char = r;code = 114
char = a;code = 97
char = t;code = 116
char = e;code = 101
char = g;code = 103
char = i;code = 105
char = e;code = 101
char = s;code = 115
char = ;code = 32
char = w;code = 119
char = e;code = 101
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = e;code = 101
char = m;code = 109
char = p;code = 112
char = l;code = 108
char = o;code = 111
char = y;code = 121
char = e;code = 101
char = d;code = 100
char = :;code = 58
char = ;code = 32
char = P;code = 80
char = a;code = 97
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = r;code = 114
char = o;code = 111
char = m;code = 109
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = -;code = 45
char = S;code = 83
char = L;code = 76
char = ;code = 32
char = (;code = 40
char = a;code = 97
char = P;code = 80
char = T;code = 84
char = T;code = 84
char = -;code = 45
char = S;code = 83
char = L;code = 76
char = );code = 41
char = ,;code = 44
char = ;code = 32
char = P;code = 80
char = T;code = 84
char = T;code = 84
char = -;code = 45
char = L;code = 76
char = A;code = 65
char = ;code = 32
char = (;code = 40
char = a;code = 97
char = P;code = 80
char = T;code = 84
char = T;code = 84
char = -;code = 45
char = L;code = 76
char = A;code = 65
char = );code = 41
char = ,;code = 44
char = ;code = 32
char = r;code = 114
char = a;code = 97
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = o;code = 111
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = P;code = 80
char = T;code = 84
char = T;code = 84
char = -;code = 45
char = L;code = 76
char = A;code = 65
char = /;code = 47
char = a;code = 97
char = P;code = 80
char = T;code = 84
char = T;code = 84
char = -;code = 45
char = S;code = 83
char = L;code = 76
char = ;code = 32
char = (;code = 40
char = a;code = 97
char = P;code = 80
char = T;code = 84
char = T;code = 84
char = -;code = 45
char = r;code = 114
char = a;code = 97
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = o;code = 111
char = );code = 41
char = ,;code = 44
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = n;code = 110
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = R;code = 82
char = u;code = 117
char = s;code = 115
char = s;code = 115
char = e;code = 101
char = l;code = 108
char = l;code = 108
char = ';code = 39
char = s;code = 115
char = ;code = 32
char = v;code = 118
char = i;code = 105
char = p;code = 112
char = e;code = 101
char = r;code = 114
char = ;code = 32
char = v;code = 118
char = e;code = 101
char = n;code = 110
char = o;code = 111
char = m;code = 109
char = ;code = 32
char = (;code = 40
char = R;code = 82
char = V;code = 86
char = V;code = 86
char = );code = 41
char = ;code = 32
char = b;code = 98
char = a;code = 97
char = s;code = 115
char = e;code = 101
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = L;code = 76
char = A;code = 65
char = -;code = 45
char = C;code = 67
char = h;code = 104
char = e;code = 101
char = c;code = 99
char = k;code = 107
char = .;code = 46
char = ;code = 32
char = L;code = 76
char = A;code = 65
char = ;code = 32
char = p;code = 112
char = o;code = 111
char = s;code = 115
char = i;code = 105
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = v;code = 118
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = s;code = 115
char = a;code = 97
char = m;code = 109
char = p;code = 112
char = l;code = 108
char = e;code = 101
char = s;code = 115
char = ;code = 32
char = w;code = 119
char = e;code = 101
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = i;code = 105
char = d;code = 100
char = e;code = 101
char = n;code = 110
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = f;code = 102
char = i;code = 105
char = e;code = 101
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = b;code = 98
char = y;code = 121
char = ;code = 32
char = m;code = 109
char = i;code = 105
char = x;code = 120
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = g;code = 103
char = ;code = 32
char = s;code = 115
char = t;code = 116
char = u;code = 117
char = d;code = 100
char = i;code = 105
char = e;code = 101
char = s;code = 115
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = n;code = 110
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = d;code = 100
char = i;code = 105
char = l;code = 108
char = u;code = 117
char = t;code = 116
char = e;code = 101
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = R;code = 82
char = V;code = 86
char = V;code = 86
char = ;code = 32
char = c;code = 99
char = o;code = 111
char = n;code = 110
char = f;code = 102
char = i;code = 105
char = r;code = 114
char = m;code = 109
char = a;code = 97
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = o;code = 111
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = e;code = 101
char = s;code = 115
char = t;code = 116
char = ;code = 32
char = (;code = 40
char = L;code = 76
char = A;code = 65
char = -;code = 45
char = C;code = 67
char = h;code = 104
char = e;code = 101
char = c;code = 99
char = k;code = 107
char = /;code = 47
char = L;code = 76
char = A;code = 65
char = -;code = 45
char = S;code = 83
char = u;code = 117
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = );code = 41
char = .;code = 46
char = <;code = 60
char = b;code = 98
char = r;code = 114
char = /;code = 47
char = >;code = 62
char = <;code = 60
char = b;code = 98
char = r;code = 114
char = /;code = 47
char = >;code = 62
char = <;code = 60
char = b;code = 98
char = >;code = 62
char = R;code = 82
char = E;code = 69
char = S;code = 83
char = U;code = 85
char = L;code = 76
char = T;code = 84
char = S;code = 83
char = ;code = 32
char = :;code = 58
char = ;code = 32
char = <;code = 60
char = /;code = 47
char = b;code = 98
char = >;code = 62
char = P;code = 80
char = i;code = 105
char = l;code = 108
char = o;code = 111
char = t;code = 116
char = ;code = 32
char = s;code = 115
char = t;code = 116
char = u;code = 117
char = d;code = 100
char = y;code = 121
char = :;code = 58
char = ;code = 32
char = A;code = 65
char = l;code = 108
char = l;code = 108
char = ;code = 32
char = s;code = 115
char = c;code = 99
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = e;code = 101
char = n;code = 110
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = g;code = 103
char = ;code = 32
char = s;code = 115
char = t;code = 116
char = r;code = 114
char = a;code = 97
char = t;code = 116
char = e;code = 101
char = g;code = 103
char = i;code = 105
char = e;code = 101
char = s;code = 115
char = ;code = 32
char = h;code = 104
char = a;code = 97
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = ;code = 32
char = 1;code = 49
char = 0;code = 48
char = 0;code = 48
char = %;code = 37
char = ;code = 32
char = s;code = 115
char = e;code = 101
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char = s;code = 115
char = i;code = 105
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = v;code = 118
char = i;code = 105
char = t;code = 116
char = y;code = 121
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char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
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char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = P;code = 80
char = T;code = 84
char = T;code = 84
char = -;code = 45
char = r;code = 114
char = a;code = 97
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = o;code = 111
char = ;code = 32
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = a;code = 97
char = c;code = 99
char = h;code = 104
char = e;code = 101
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = h;code = 104
char = i;code = 105
char = g;code = 103
char = h;code = 104
char = e;code = 101
char = s;code = 115
char = t;code = 116
char = ;code = 32
char = s;code = 115
char = p;code = 112
char = e;code = 101
char = c;code = 99
char = i;code = 105
char = f;code = 102
char = i;code = 105
char = c;code = 99
char = i;code = 105
char = t;code = 116
char = y;code = 121
char = ;code = 32
char = (;code = 40
char = 8;code = 56
char = 2;code = 50
char = %;code = 37
char = ;;code = 59
char = ;code = 32
char = 9;code = 57
char = 5;code = 53
char = %;code = 37
char = C;code = 67
char = I;code = 73
char = :;code = 58
char = ;code = 32
char = 7;code = 55
char = 4;code = 52
char = -;code = 45
char = 9;code = 57
char = 0;code = 48
char = %;code = 37
char = );code = 41
char = .;code = 46
char = ;code = 32
char = W;code = 87
char = i;code = 105
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = e;code = 101
char = v;code = 118
char = a;code = 97
char = l;code = 108
char = u;code = 117
char = a;code = 97
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = o;code = 111
char = n;code = 110
char = ;code = 32
char = s;code = 115
char = t;code = 116
char = u;code = 117
char = d;code = 100
char = y;code = 121
char = ,;code = 44
char = ;code = 32
char = f;code = 102
char = o;code = 111
char = l;code = 108
char = l;code = 108
char = o;code = 111
char = w;code = 119
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = g;code = 103
char = ;code = 32
char = s;code = 115
char = e;code = 101
char = n;code = 110
char = s;code = 115
char = i;code = 105
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = v;code = 118
char = i;code = 105
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = e;code = 101
char = s;code = 115
char = ;code = 32
char = f;code = 102
char = o;code = 111
char = r;code = 114
char = ;code = 32
char = L;code = 76
char = A;code = 65
char = ;code = 32
char = s;code = 115
char = c;code = 99
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = e;code = 101
char = n;code = 110
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = g;code = 103
char = ;code = 32
char = w;code = 119
char = e;code = 101
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = o;code = 111
char = b;code = 98
char = s;code = 115
char = e;code = 101
char = r;code = 114
char = v;code = 118
char = e;code = 101
char = d;code = 100
char = :;code = 58
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = P;code = 80
char = T;code = 84
char = T;code = 84
char = -;code = 45
char = S;code = 83
char = L;code = 76
char = ;code = 32
char = 5;code = 53
char = 9;code = 57
char = .;code = 46
char = 0;code = 48
char = %;code = 37
char = ;code = 32
char = (;code = 40
char = 9;code = 57
char = 5;code = 53
char = %;code = 37
char = C;code = 67
char = I;code = 73
char = :;code = 58
char = ;code = 32
char = 5;code = 53
char = 7;code = 55
char = -;code = 45
char = 6;code = 54
char = 1;code = 49
char = %;code = 37
char = );code = 41
char = ,;code = 44
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = P;code = 80
char = T;code = 84
char = T;code = 84
char = -;code = 45
char = L;code = 76
char = A;code = 65
char = ;code = 32
char = 8;code = 56
char = 2;code = 50
char = .;code = 46
char = 1;code = 49
char = %;code = 37
char = ;code = 32
char = (;code = 40
char = 9;code = 57
char = 5;code = 53
char = %;code = 37
char = C;code = 67
char = I;code = 73
char = :;code = 58
char = ;code = 32
char = 8;code = 56
char = 0;code = 48
char = -;code = 45
char = 8;code = 56
char = 4;code = 52
char = %;code = 37
char = );code = 41
char = ,;code = 44
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = P;code = 80
char = T;code = 84
char = T;code = 84
char = -;code = 45
char = r;code = 114
char = a;code = 97
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = o;code = 111
char = ;code = 32
char = 9;code = 57
char = 2;code = 50
char = .;code = 46
char = 3;code = 51
char = %;code = 37
char = ;code = 32
char = (;code = 40
char = 9;code = 57
char = 5;code = 53
char = %;code = 37
char = C;code = 67
char = I;code = 73
char = :;code = 58
char = ;code = 32
char = 9;code = 57
char = 1;code = 49
char = -;code = 45
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char = );code = 41
char = ,;code = 44
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
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char = d;code = 100
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char = C;code = 67
char = h;code = 104
char = e;code = 101
char = c;code = 99
char = k;code = 107
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char = 3;code = 51
char = %;code = 37
char = ;code = 32
char = (;code = 40
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char = C;code = 67
char = I;code = 73
char = :;code = 58
char = ;code = 32
char = 8;code = 56
char = 2;code = 50
char = -;code = 45
char = 8;code = 56
char = 5;code = 53
char = %;code = 37
char = );code = 41
char = .;code = 46
char = <;code = 60
char = b;code = 98
char = r;code = 114
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char = >;code = 62
char = <;code = 60
char = b;code = 98
char = r;code = 114
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char = >;code = 62
char = <;code = 60
char = b;code = 98
char = >;code = 62
char = C;code = 67
char = O;code = 79
char = N;code = 78
char = C;code = 67
char = L;code = 76
char = U;code = 85
char = S;code = 83
char = I;code = 73
char = O;code = 79
char = N;code = 78
char = ;code = 32
char = :;code = 58
char = ;code = 32
char = <;code = 60
char = /;code = 47
char = b;code = 98
char = >;code = 62
char = C;code = 67
char = a;code = 97
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char = c;code = 99
char = u;code = 117
char = l;code = 108
char = a;code = 97
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
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char = a;code = 97
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char = a;code = 97
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char = w;code = 119
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char = e;code = 101
char = n;code = 110
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char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = e;code = 101
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char = L;code = 76
char = A;code = 65
char = -;code = 45
char = s;code = 115
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char = n;code = 110
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char = i;code = 105
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = v;code = 118
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = P;code = 80
char = T;code = 84
char = T;code = 84
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char = L;code = 76
char = A;code = 65
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
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char = d;code = 100
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char = l;code = 108
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char = s;code = 115
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char = s;code = 115
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char = i;code = 105
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = v;code = 118
char = e;code = 101
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char = a;code = 97
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char = h;code = 104
char = r;code = 114
char = o;code = 111
char = m;code = 109
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = n;code = 110
char = -;code = 45
char = S;code = 83
char = L;code = 76
char = ;code = 32
char = i;code = 105
char = m;code = 109
char = p;code = 112
char = r;code = 114
char = o;code = 111
char = v;code = 118
char = e;code = 101
char = s;code = 115
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char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = e;code = 101
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char = p;code = 112
char = e;code = 101
char = r;code = 114
char = f;code = 102
char = o;code = 111
char = r;code = 114
char = m;code = 109
char = a;code = 97
char = n;code = 110
char = c;code = 99
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = o;code = 111
char = f;code = 102
char = ;code = 32
char = t;code = 116
char = h;code = 104
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = P;code = 80
char = T;code = 84
char = T;code = 84
char = -;code = 45
char = L;code = 76
char = A;code = 65
char = ;code = 32
char = i;code = 105
char = t;code = 116
char = s;code = 115
char = e;code = 101
char = l;code = 108
char = f;code = 102
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = n;code = 110
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = p;code = 112
char = r;code = 114
char = e;code = 101
char = s;code = 115
char = e;code = 101
char = n;code = 110
char = t;code = 116
char = s;code = 115
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = ;code = 32
char = s;code = 115
char = i;code = 105
char = m;code = 109
char = p;code = 112
char = l;code = 108
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
char = n;code = 110
char = d;code = 100
char = ;code = 32
char = s;code = 115
char = e;code = 101
char = n;code = 110
char = s;code = 115
char = i;code = 105
char = t;code = 116
char = i;code = 105
char = v;code = 118
char = e;code = 101
char = ;code = 32
char = a;code = 97
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result sql = INTRODUCTION : The aim of the present work was to verify whether calculating a ratio between clotting times obtained with the sensitive PTT-LA and a less sensitive activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT)-reagent may represent a valuable aPTT-based screening strategy for lupus anticoagulants (LA).
METHODS : For the pilot study, plasma samples from normal subjects (n = 15) and from patients with LA (n = 10), therapeutic anticoagulation with vitamin K-antagonists (VKA) (n = 15) or unfractionated heparin (n = 15), coagulation factors deficiency (n = 16), and inhibitory antibodies against factor VIII or IX (n = 11) were studied. For the evaluation study, 1553 consecutive plasma samples from nonanticoagulated patients investigated for LA between January 2005 and December 2007 at our institution were studied. Following screening strategies were employed: Pathromtin-SL (aPTT-SL), PTT-LA (aPTT-LA), ratio aPTT-LA/aPTT-SL (aPTT-ratio), and Russell's viper venom (RVV) based LA-Check. LA positive samples were identified by mixing studies and diluted RVV confirmation test (LA-Check/LA-Sure).
RESULTS : Pilot study: All screening strategies had a 100% sensitivity, and the aPTT-ratio reached the highest specificity (82%; 95%CI: 74-90%). Within the evaluation study, following sensitivities for LA screening were observed: aPTT-SL 59.0% (95%CI: 57-61%), aPTT-LA 82.1% (95%CI: 80-84%), aPTT-ratio 92.3% (95%CI: 91-94), and LA-Check 83.3% (95%CI: 82-85%).
CONCLUSION : Calculating a ratio between the LA-sensitive PTT-LA and the less sensitive Pathromtin-SL improves the performance of the PTT-LA itself and represents a simple and sensitive aPTT-based integrated strategy for LA screening.
Publication: Int J Lab Hematol 2011 Apr ;33(2)::168-75. :doi: 10.1111/j.1751-553X.2010.01262.x.
Publication Date: 2011 Apr
Study Author(s): Luginbühl, R;Barizzi, G;Sulzer, I;Lämmle, B;Alberio, L;
Institution: Department of Haematology, Central Haematology Laboratory, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital and University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.
Shortcut link to this study:
Publication Date: 2011 Apr
Study Author(s): Luginbühl, R;Barizzi, G;Sulzer, I;Lämmle, B;Alberio, L;
Institution: Department of Haematology, Central Haematology Laboratory, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital and University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.
Shortcut link to this study:
INTRODUCTION : The aim of the present work was to verify whether calculating a ratio between clotting times obtained with the sensitive PTT-LA and a less sensitive activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT)-reagent may represent a valuable aPTT-based screening strategy for lupus anticoagulants (LA).
METHODS : For the pilot study, plasma samples from normal subjects (n = 15) and from patients with LA (n = 10), therapeutic anticoagulation with vitamin K-antagonists (VKA) (n = 15) or unfractionated heparin (n = 15), coagulation factors deficiency (n = 16), and inhibitory antibodies against factor VIII or IX (n = 11) were studied. For the evaluation study, 1553 consecutive plasma samples from nonanticoagulated patients investigated for LA between January 2005 and December 2007 at our institution were studied. Following screening strategies were employed: Pathromtin-SL (aPTT-SL), PTT-LA (aPTT-LA), ratio aPTT-LA/aPTT-SL (aPTT-ratio), and Russell's viper venom (RVV) based LA-Check. LA positive samples were identified by mixing studies and diluted RVV confirmation test (LA-Check/LA-Sure).
RESULTS : Pilot study: All screening strategies had a 100% sensitivity, and the aPTT-ratio reached the highest specificity (82%; 95%CI: 74-90%). Within the evaluation study, following sensitivities for LA screening were observed: aPTT-SL 59.0% (95%CI: 57-61%), aPTT-LA 82.1% (95%CI: 80-84%), aPTT-ratio 92.3% (95%CI: 91-94), and LA-Check 83.3% (95%CI: 82-85%).
CONCLUSION : Calculating a ratio between the LA-sensitive PTT-LA and the less sensitive Pathromtin-SL improves the performance of the PTT-LA itself and represents a simple and sensitive aPTT-based integrated strategy for LA screening.
METHODS : For the pilot study, plasma samples from normal subjects (n = 15) and from patients with LA (n = 10), therapeutic anticoagulation with vitamin K-antagonists (VKA) (n = 15) or unfractionated heparin (n = 15), coagulation factors deficiency (n = 16), and inhibitory antibodies against factor VIII or IX (n = 11) were studied. For the evaluation study, 1553 consecutive plasma samples from nonanticoagulated patients investigated for LA between January 2005 and December 2007 at our institution were studied. Following screening strategies were employed: Pathromtin-SL (aPTT-SL), PTT-LA (aPTT-LA), ratio aPTT-LA/aPTT-SL (aPTT-ratio), and Russell's viper venom (RVV) based LA-Check. LA positive samples were identified by mixing studies and diluted RVV confirmation test (LA-Check/LA-Sure).
RESULTS : Pilot study: All screening strategies had a 100% sensitivity, and the aPTT-ratio reached the highest specificity (82%; 95%CI: 74-90%). Within the evaluation study, following sensitivities for LA screening were observed: aPTT-SL 59.0% (95%CI: 57-61%), aPTT-LA 82.1% (95%CI: 80-84%), aPTT-ratio 92.3% (95%CI: 91-94), and LA-Check 83.3% (95%CI: 82-85%).
CONCLUSION : Calculating a ratio between the LA-sensitive PTT-LA and the less sensitive Pathromtin-SL improves the performance of the PTT-LA itself and represents a simple and sensitive aPTT-based integrated strategy for LA screening.
PMID: 20860735
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